scholarly journals Cupric citrate as growth promoter for broiler chickens in different rearing stages

2003 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 441-445 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mônica Maria de Almeida Brainer ◽  
José Fernando Machado Menten ◽  
Marcos Martinez do Vale ◽  
Sônia Cristina Daroz de Morais
Keyword(s):  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Growth Promoter ◽  
Cupric Sulfate ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Copper Supplementation

Feeding cupric citrate as alternative to cupric sulfate to broilers has been suggested in the literature. Day-old male broiler chicks (1,200) were used in an experiment to evaluate the efficacy of cupric citrate supplementation (75 mg Cu kg-1) during the 1-21, 22-42 or 1-42 d periods in comparison to an unsupplemented diet and a diet supplemented with cupric sulfate (200 mg Cu kg-1, 1-42 d). A randomized block design was used, with five treatments, six replicates and 40 birds per pen. The diets, based on corn and soybean meal, and water were offered ad libitum during the 42-day experimental period. Over the entire period, there was no effect of copper supplementation (P > 0.05) on bird live weight, weight gain, feed intake, feed conversion and mortality. Cupric citrate supplementation on the 22-42 d period resulted in worse feed conversion as compared to broilers receiving cupric sulfate (2.014 vs. 1.967, P < 0.05). Copper residues in the litter were reduced when broilers were fed cupric citrate, as compared to cupric sulfate (P < 0.01). The absence of response to copper supplementation can be attributed to the environmental and sanitary rearing conditions.

scholarly journals THE EFFECT OF FEED RESTRICTION AT THE STARTER PHASE ON PERFORMANCE OF BROILER CHICKENS

2021 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-76
Author(s):  
M Tion ◽  
M. T. Orga ◽  
I. A. Adeka
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Feed Restriction ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Ad Libitum

Two hundred and twenty five day old straight run broiler chicks were utilized in completely randomized design to test the effect of restricting feed intake of four groups of chicks to 92.5% 85.0%, 77.5% and 70.0% of the unrestricted (control) group in the starter phase and following adlibitum feeding for all groups in the finisher phase. The treatments were simply designated as A, B, C, D and E. The starter phase in which the restriction was carried out lasted 28 days and the finisher phase 42 days. Parameters evaluated during the starter and finisher phases included; growth rate, feed conversion ration and mortality rate. Results show gain in weight among all groups while the group fed diet B and the control had comparable weight gain at the starter phase. The percentage weight difference between the control and each of the other dietary groups was: 4.4%, 8.4%, 8.6% and 10.4% for the treatments B, C, D and E respectively. Feed gain ration improved as the level of restriction became stricter. Following ad-libitum feeding of all grops at the finisher phase, the feed restricted groups at the starter phase voraciously increased their feed intake, thus, producing comparable performance values with the unrestricted (control) group in weight gain in the 8th week of the study. Although birds in all groups averaged more than 2000g final live weight in 10weeks, significant differences exist between groups that were fed diets C, D, and E that were restricted at the starter phase, an indication that complete compensatory growth was not obtainable. Feed gain ration improved for restricted groups. Mortality rate did not show any trend attributable to levels of feed restriction. This study shows that broiler chicks fed restricted levels of balanced diet at the starter phase but later fed ad-libitum at the finisher phase could attain a finished weight of about 2000g or more at a market age of 10 weeks (70 days) with an improvement in feed gain ration.

scholarly journals Effects of Turmeric Powder on Clostridium Perfringens Load in Broiler Chickens

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 209-218
Author(s):  
MZ Ali ◽  
MM Islam ◽  
S Zaman
Keyword(s):  
Clostridium Perfringens ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Economic Problem ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Growth Promoter ◽  
Necrotic Enteritis ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Environment Control

Necrotic enteritis (NE) is a major economic problem in broiler industry globally and is caused by Clostridium perfringens. The aim of the study was to know the effects of turmeric on C. perfringens in broiler chickens. A total of 3000-day-old Cobb 500 broiler chicks were divided into 6 groups and reared in environment control sheds with similar management. Each group contains 500 chicks and again divided into two subgroups as control and treatment with 250 chicks. In treatment groups added 2gm/kg turmeric powder with basal feeds and reared up to 30 days and follow standard vaccine schedule. Intestinal samples were collected every week from each group to detect C. perfringens load. Bodyweight gain, feed conversion ratio (FCR) and mortality rates were also calculated. The findings were loads of C. perfringens in treatment groups decreased significantly compared to control groups. At 4th week average count of C. perfringens was 4.44±0.12 log CFU/g and 2.68±0.17 log CFU/g in control and treatment groups, respectively. Average chick’s mortality decreased significantly in treatment groups. The flock mortality was decreased significantly in treatment groups (1.40%) compared to control groups (2.17%). The FCR become significantly decreased in treatment groups (1.490) compared to control groups (1.571). Therefore, use of turmeric powder in broiler ration can reduce NE by decreasing C. perfringens loads and it could be a good source of non-antibiotic growth promoter in poultry towards reduce antibiotic resistance and consumer will get a pathogen free rich protein source. SAARC J. Agri., 18(1): 209-218 (2020)

scholarly journals Ractopamine levels for finishing barrows maintained in heat stress

2010 ◽  
Vol 39 (7) ◽  
pp. 1523-1529 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josilene Figueiredo Sanches ◽  
Charles Kiefer ◽  
Alfredo Sampaio Carrijo ◽  
Mariana Souza de Moura ◽  
Elizangela Alves da Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Optimum Level ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Final Weight ◽  
Quantitative Characteristics ◽  
Four Levels

The objective of this study was to evaluate performance, quantitative characteristics of carcass, and visceral responses of barrows maintained on heat stress enviroment and fed diets supplemented with ractopamine. It was used 48 animals with initial weight of 67.3 ± 3.8 kg, distributed in a randomized block design with four levels of ractopamine (0, 5, 10 and 20 mg/kg), each one with six replicates with two animals each. The experimental period lasted 28 days. Air temperature was 31.8 ± 2.0ºC, air humidity was 72.6 ± 10.2% and BGHI was 82.7 ± 2.8. Daily feed intake was not affect by the levels of ractopamine but they improved feed conversion and increased daily weight gain and final weight of the animals. The carcass quantitative characteristics were not affected by levels of ractopamine. The weights of the liver and kidneys showed linear increases accordingly to increase of ractopamine levels in the diet whereas weight of other organs and length of small intestine were not affected by supplementation with ractopamine. The optimum level of ractopamine for the best performance of barrows under heat stress is 20 mg/kg and it does not affect the quantitative characteristics of carcass.

scholarly journals Phytogenic additive as an alternative to growth promoters in broiler chickens

2009 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 522-527 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerson Neudí Scheuermann ◽  
Anildo Cunha Junior ◽  
Lucas Cypriano ◽  
Alexandre Mossate Gabbi
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Feed Additive ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Growth Promoter ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Growth Promoters ◽  
The Cost

This study evaluated a phytogenic feed additive for broiler chickens. A total of 1,632 broiler chicks were distributed into four treatments: negative control (without growth promoter); positive control (avilamycine, 10ppm + colistin, 15ppm); and two alternative treatments with 150ppm of phytogenic additive, one with a reduced Ca and P levels diet (PA-R1) and the other with lower energy, and amino acids, besides Ca and P (PA-R2). The trial was conducted with 12 replicates, each consisted of a pen with 34 birds. The alternative diets showed body weight intermediate to the two controls at 42 days, with no significant (P>0.05) treatment effect on feed conversion ratio. No treatment differences (P>0.05) on carcass yield and composition was observed. There was a tendency of abdominal fat lipids saturation, when the phytogenic additive was used, as possible consequence of a decreased level of soybean oil in the diets. A difference (P<0.001) on ingredient consumption profile was observed between the treatments. All together, this study showed a possibility to reduce the cost of total feed used to produce a broilers or a ton of body weight by the utilization of the tested phytogenic additive.

scholarly journals Performance and Phosphorus Utilization of Broiler Chickens Fed Low Phytate Barley and Pea Based Diets with Graded Levels of Inorganic Phosphorus

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 205-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roseline Kafedha Kahindi ◽  
Philip A. Thacker ◽  
Sang In Lee ◽  
In Ho Kim ◽  
Charles Martin Nyachoti
Keyword(s):  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Inorganic Phosphorus ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Hulless Barley ◽  
Dietary Treatments ◽  
Tibia Ash ◽  
P Retention

Abstract The effects of feeding diets based on soybean meal, low phytate hulless barley (Lphybarley) and low phytate pea (Lphypea) with inorganic phosphorus (iP) reduced by 50 or 100% to broiler chickens on performance, P digestibility and bone characteristics were investigated. Two hundred and ten day-old (Ross 308 strain) broiler chicks (5 birds per cage; 6 cages per diet) were randomly allocated to 7 dietary treatments for a 21-day study. Diets were formulated based on soybean meal-normal phytate hulless barley (SBM-normbarley) with added inorganic P (iP) to meet NRC (1994) P requirements (SBM-normbarley100) or with 50% less iP (SBM-normbarley50), soybean meal-Lphybarley-Lphypea with added iP (Lphybarley-Lphypea100) or iP reduced by 50% (Lphybarley-Lphypea50) or 100% (Lphybarley-Lphypea0), and soybean meal-normbarleynormal phytate pea (normpea) with added iP (normbarley-normpea100) or iP reduced by 50% (normbarley-normpea50). Birds fed the Lphybarley-Lphypea0 diet had the lowest (P<0.001) ADG compared with those fed the other diets. Reducing iP by 50% led to a reduction (P<0.05) in ADG for birds fed the SBM-normbarley- and normbarley-normpea-based diets but not in the Lphybarley- Lphypea-based diet. Reducing iP by 50% led to a reduction (P<0.05) in ADFI in birds fed the SBM-normbarley-based diet and normbarley-normpea-based diet compared with those fed adequate iP. Feed conversion ratio was not affected by diet throughout the experimental period (P>0.10). Reducing iP content reduced P retention in the SBM-normbarley-based diet but not in the normbarley-normpea-based diet but tibia ash and length were reduced in birds fed both diets (P<0.05). Reducing dietary iP content linearly increased (P < 0.05) P retention and linearly decreased (P<0.05) tibia ash and length in the Lphypea-Lphybarley-based diets. In conclusion, feeding a low phytate hulless barley-low phytate pea based diet with iP reduced by 50% supported similar performance as control and increased P retention, suggesting that utilizing a combination of low phytate ingredients can reduce the need for supplemental iP with significant cost and environmental implication.

scholarly journals Arsanilic acid as a growth promoter for chicken broilers when administered via either the feed or drinking water

1991 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 221-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. G. Proudfoot ◽  
E. D. Jackson ◽  
H. W. Hulan ◽  
C. D. C. Salisbury
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Economic Effects ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Growth Promoter ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Acid Growth ◽  
Arsanilic Acid ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
Slaughter Age

Two thousand four hundred male broiler chicks were used in three experiments to evaluate the biological and economic effects of using arsanilic acid as a growth promoter. In two experiments four treatments were (A) control diets (CD); (B) CD plus 99 mg kg−1 arsanilic acid; (C) CD plus drinking water containing arsanilic acid calculated to achieve equivalent exposure to treatment B; and (D) same as treatment C except arsanilic acid concentration reduced by 50%. A third experiment evaluated the dietary addition of arsanilic acid at 0, 33, 66 and 99 mg kg−1. Arsanilic acid supplementation had no significant (P > 0.05) effect on mortality, feed conversion, final live body weights or monetary returns at slaughter age (42 d). Analysis of breast, thigh and liver tissues using method with a sensitivity of 0.02 mg kg−1 showed a significant increase in liver arsenic residues when supplemented diets were fed to slaughter age. Withdrawal of arsanilic acid from diets 7 d prior to slaughter returned the arsenic residues to normal background (control) levels. It is concluded that the use of arsanilic acid at dietary concentrations up to 99 mg kg−1 (the maximum permissible in Canada) was ineffective in improving either the biological or economic performance of broiler chickens. Key words: Arsanilic acid, growth promoter, broiler chickens

scholarly journals Levels of digestible methionine+cystine in diets for high genetic potential barrows from 95 to 125 kg

2011 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 581-586 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabrício de Almeida Santos ◽  
Juarez Lopes Donzele ◽  
Francisco Carlos de Oliveira Silva ◽  
Rita Flávia Miranda de Oliveira ◽  
Márvio Lobão Teixeira de Abreu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Carcass Composition ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Genetic Potential ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Four Levels

This study was carried out to evaluate the effects of increasing levels of digestible methionine+cystine on performance and carcass composition of high genetic potential barrows for lean deposition. Sixty-four barrows with initial weight of 95.46 ± 1.09 kg were allotted to a completely randomized block design, with four levels of digestible methionine+cystine (0.427, 0.466, 0.504, and 0.545%, corresponding to the digestible methionine+cystine:digestible lysine ratios of 57.0, 62.0, 67.0 and 73.0%, respectively), with eight replicates, and two animals per experimental unit. Experimental diets and water were provided ad libitum until the end of the experimental period when pigs reached 125.21 ± 2.49 kg. Levels of digestible methionine+cystine did not affect daily intake, daily weight gain and feed conversion of the animals, but they affected daily intake of digestible methionine+cystine which increased linearly. Levels of digestible methionine+cystine did not affect carcass weight, meat amount, backfat thickness at P2, and daily meat deposition. The digestible methionine+cystine level of 0.427%, corresponding to the digestible methionine+cystine:lysine ratio of 57.0% and to a daily digestible methionine+cystine intake of 14.20 g/d, provides the best performance and carcass traits for high genetic potential barrows in the phase of 95 to 125 kg.

scholarly journals Prebiotic and antimicrobials on performance, carcass characteristics, and antibody production in broilers

2016 ◽  
Vol 46 (6) ◽  
pp. 1070-1075 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maíra Fomentini ◽  
Douglas Haese ◽  
João Luís Kill ◽  
Rodrigo Pereira Sobreiro ◽  
Débora Del Puppo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibody Production ◽  
Corn Starch ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Growth Promoter ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Mannan Oligosaccharides

ABSTRACT: To evaluate the effect of supplementation with mannan oligosaccharides, avilamycin and halquinol, alone or in combination, on the performance, carcass characteristics and antibody production in broilers (1-49 days old), male broiler chicks (n=1440; Cobb 500; one day old) were housed and distributed into a completely randomized design into six treatments (eight replicates; 30 animals per pen). To produce the experimental diets, three types of performance enhancer additives were used. Halquinol (HAL), avilamycin (AVI) and mannan oligosaccharides (MOS) were included (alone or in combination) in the basal diet (instead of corn starch). Effects of diet were observed on results of animal performance in the period 1-21 and 1-42 days old. Broilers fed with a diet without growth promoter showed lower weight gain in relation to those fed with diets with antimicrobials, MOS or a combination of them. In the period 1-49 days old, feed conversion increased in broilers fed with rations without promoter. At the end of the experimental period no influence of diets was observed on the carcass yield and cuts, and titles of specific antibodies to avian infectious bronchitis. The use of MOS and/or antimicrobials (AVI or HAL), alone or in combination, improves feed conversion of broilers reared until 49 days of age.

scholarly journals Effect of a multivitamin complex and probiotic blend in drinking water before and after vaccination on performance traits, blood biochemistry and humoral immune response of broilers

2019 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 28
Author(s):  
N. Jafarpour ◽  
F. Javandel ◽  
S. Gamboa ◽  
A. Seidavi ◽  
V. Tufarelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Humoral Immune Response ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Humoral Immune ◽  
Before And After

This study was conducted in order to investigate the effects of a multivitamin complex and probiotic blend in drinking water before and after vaccination on growth performance, carcass traits, blood biochemical parameters and humoral immune response of broiler chickens. A total of 150 one day-old male broiler chicks (Ross 308) were randomly allocated to five treatment groups, with three replicates (10 birds per replicate) in a completely randomized design. Experimental treatments consisted of: 1) a basal diet and drinking water without any additives as control (C); 2) C + drinking water + multivitamin complex from 2 days before vaccination until 3 days after vaccination; 3) C + drinking water + multivitamin complex for 3 days after vaccination; 4) C + drinking water + probiotic blend from 2 days before vaccination until 3 days after vaccination; and 5) C + drinking water + probiotic blend for 3 days after vaccination. In the whole experimental period, feed intake, body and thigh weight and abdominal fat were significantly affected (P<0.05) by dietary treatments. On the contrary, no significant effect was observed on carcass characteristics, feed conversion ratio, blood parameters, antibody production against SRBC and IgG. The titer of IgM was higher in treatment (2) than other treatments at 28 d of age (P<0.05). In conclusion, a multivitamin complex supplied in drinking water for 2 days before vaccination till 3 days after vaccination is enable to improve broiler performance and immunity.

scholarly journals THE RESPONSE OF MALE BROILER CHICKS TO THE CONSUMPTION OF LOW LEVELS OF CHLORTETRACYCLINE AS A GROWTH PROMOTER

1988 ◽  
Vol 68 (4) ◽  
pp. 1285-1290
Author(s):  
F. G. PROUDFOOT ◽  
H. W. HULAN ◽  
E. D. JACKSON
Keyword(s):  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Broiler Chicken ◽  
Divalent Cations ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Growth Promoter ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Feed Supplementation ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Conversion Efficiencies

Three thousand two hundred male broiler chickens were used to evaluate the efficacy of chlortetracycline (CTC) as a growth promoter when used in compliance with the present maximum feed-supplementation rate permitted in Canada (5.5 mg kg−1). No significant (P > 0.05) improvements in 21- and 42-d live body weights or feed conversion efficiencies were observed, regardless of the method of administration (feed or water). Changes to the sources of dietary calcium and phosphorus in an attempt to circumvent antibiotic inactivation by divalent cations also failed to potentiate any effect of this level of CTC. It is suggested that, if adequate attention is paid to the diet and health of broiler stocks, no further gains will be realized through feed supplementation with 5.5 mg kg−1 CTC. Key words: Diets, antibiotics, aureomycin, chlortetracycline, broiler chicken

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