scholarly journals Social and environmental factors associated with the hospitalization of tuberculosis patients

2013 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 507-514 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathália França de Oliveira ◽  
Maria Jacirema Ferreira Gonçalves
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Social Factors ◽  
Garbage Collection ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Tuberculosis Patients ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Data Collection And Analysis ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Bolsa Familia

OBJECTIVE: to identify social and environmental factors associated with hospitalization of tuberculosis (TB) patients in Manaus, Amazonas, during 2010. METHODS: this is a quantitative cross-sectional epidemiological study, with primary data collection and analysis of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), based on seropositive status. RESULTS: Among social factors for TB-HIV co-infection, the association between alcohol use and dependence was significant for employed workers; among non-co-infections, the association between income less than one minimum wage (U.S. $200) and retired people, Bolsa Família Program [Family Allowance]/other social benefits was significant. Regarding environmental factors, the association was significant for TB-HIV co-infection among those not having their own house, having masonry housing and daily garbage collection; and among non-co-infection, owning their own house, no masonry housing and lack of daily garbage collection was significant. CONCLUSION: The findings indicated that not only social factors, but also environmental ones are associated with hospitalization of tuberculosis patients, and such associations differ according to TB-HIV co-infection. Findings revealed that the non-biological factors associated with hospitalization of tuberculosis patients should be considered when caring patients with this disease.

scholarly journals Social determinants and other aspects associated with rheumatic diseases in the Brazilian population: a cross-sectional study based on the National Health Survey (PNS2013).

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clécio Gabriel Souza ◽  
Marcelo Cardoso Souza ◽  
Hugo Jario Silva ◽  
Sanderson Assis ◽  
Diego Sousa Dantas
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Rheumatic Diseases ◽  
Social Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
National Health Survey ◽  
Brazilian Population ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
The Social

Abstract Background: Rheumatic diseases are increasingly present in the world population, represented by chronic joint and musculoskeletal pain. Among them, osteoarthritis (OA) is the most prevalent. It is considered the third most prevalent chronic non-communicable disease in the Brazilian population, being responsible for a high rate of physical disability and reduced quality of life. Little has been discussed about the social factors associated with this health condition. This study aimed to analyze the social factors associated with arthritis in the Brazilian population.Methods: This is a cross-sectional study based on data from the 2013 National Health Survey in Brazil with arthritis as its main outcome. Sex, age, body weight, usual activities, physical activity, self-perceived health and diagnosis of depression were analyzed as independent variables. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used. Poisson multiple regression was performed, and the prevalence ratio (PR) and confidence interval (CI) of 95% were calculated using a significance level of 5% (p≤0.05).Results: A total of 60,202 individuals of both sexes took part in this study and the rheumatic diseases or arthrtitis prevalence was 6.4%. The individual factors associated with a higher prevalence of arthritis were female (PR = 2.09; CI = 1.95-2.25), age over 35 years (PR = 2.88; CI = 2.57-3.24) and excess body weight (PR = 1.61; CI = 1.25-2.07). The presence of rhemautic diseases showed an association with lower performance of usual activities (PR = 1.61; CI = 1.50-1.73) and self-perceived health as very poor (PR = 3.96; CI = 3.31-4.72). In addition, it was associated with a higher prevalence of mental illnesses such as depression (PR = 1.77; CI = 1.64-1.90).Conclusion: Social and modifiable factors which are associated with a higher prevalence of arthritis can be controlled through incentive measures such as social participation and physical activity.

scholarly journals Individual and Environmental Factors Associated with Recurrent Falls in Elderly Patients Hospitalized after Falls

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (7) ◽  
pp. 2441
Author(s):  
Hai Minh Vu ◽  
Long Hoang Nguyen ◽  
Huong Lan Thi Nguyen ◽  
Giang Thu Vu ◽  
Cuong Tat Nguyen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Elderly Patients ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Social Consequences ◽  
Individual Risk ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Recurrent Falls ◽  
The Individual

Falls and recurrent falls cause great health and social consequences in older people. However, these problems are poorly understood in Vietnam. A cross-sectional study was performed at seven hospitals in Thai Binh province, Vietnam, to investigate the individual and environmental factors associated with recurrent falls among elderly patients hospitalized due to fall injuries in Vietnam. A history of recurrent falls within the last 12 months, sociodemographic, health, and clinical characteristics, as well as environmental conditions, were obtained via self-reported interviews. Multivariate logistic and Poisson regression models were used to identify associated factors. Overall, the mean fall episodes in the last 12 months were 1.8 (Standard deviation—SD = 1.2) episodes, and the 12-month prevalence of recurrent falls was 40.5%. The individual risk factors included not receiving fall prevention guidelines, walking with devices, loss of sensation in hand or foot, and using pain relief medications. The environmental risk factors comprised having too-high stairs and not having dry, clean, and nonslippery bathrooms. This study highlights a significantly high 12-month prevalence of recurrent falls in older patients hospitalized after falls in Vietnam. Moreover, regular assessments of functional disabilities and hazardous environmental conditions, as well as the provision of prevention programs, have potential to prevent falls and recurrent falls.

scholarly journals FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN TEKANAN DARAH PEKERJA DI PLTD/G

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Putri Sahara Harahap
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Work Environment ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
P Value ◽  
Variable Intensity ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated

<p align="center"><strong><em>ABSTRACT</em></strong></p><p><strong><em><br /> Many diseases that afflict workers with regard to employment and working conditions are not safe, One is noise. Noise is sound or noise that is not desired, and therefore the noise will cause disruption for anyone who works on the noisy work environment. The purpose of this study was to determine the factors associated with blood pressure in workers in diesel / G Payo Selincah Jambi city in 2016. This type of research was an observational with cross sectional approach. Samples are all workers in the diesel / G Payo Selincah Jambi city is 48 people. How sampling mengguankan total sampling method. The collection of data by taking the primary data and secondary data. Analyzed using univariate and bivariate results showed no significant correlation between the intensity of noise with a p-value = 0.000 (p &lt;0.05), duration of exposure denagn pressure and blood pressure with a p-value = 0.020 (p &lt; 0.05), tenure and blood pressure with a p-value = 0.000 (p &lt;0.05). The study concluded that the variable intensity of noise, long exposure and a working relationship with blood pressure.</em></strong></p><p><strong><em><br /> <br /> Keywords: noise intensity, length of exposure, length of employment and blood pressure</em></strong></p><h1> </h1><p> </p><p align="center"><strong>ABSTRAK</strong></p><p align="center"><strong> </strong></p><p><strong><em>Banyak </em></strong><strong><em>penyakit yang menimpa pekerja berkaitan dengan pekerjaan dan kondisi tempat kerja yang tidak aman, Salah satunya adalah kebisingan. Kebisingan adalah suara atau bunyi yang tidak dikehendaki, maka dari itu kebisingan akan menyebabkan gangguan bagi siapa saja yang bekerja pada lingkungan kerja yang bising tersebut. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan tekanan darah pada pekerja di PLTD/G Payo Selincah kota Jambi tahun 2016. Jenis penelitian ini yang digunakan adalah observasional dengan pendekatan cross sectional.  Sampel pada penelitian ini adalah semua pekerja di PLTD/G Payo Selincah kota Jambi yaitu 48 orang. Cara pengambilan sampel dengan mengguankan metode total sampling. Pengumpulan data dengan cara mengambil data primer dan data sekunder. Analisis data menggunakan analisis univariat dan bivariat Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan ada hubungan yang signifikan antara intensitas kebisingan dengan nilai p-value = 0,000 (p &lt; 0,05), lama pajanan denagn tekanan dan tekanan darah dengan nilai p-value = 0,020 (p&lt;0,05), masa kerja dan tekanan darah dengan nilai p-value = 0,000 (p &lt; 0,05). Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa variabel intensitas kebisingan, lama pajanan dan masa kerja memiliki hubungan dengan tekanan darah.</em></strong></p><p> </p><p><strong>Kata kunci : intensitas kebisingan, lama pajanan, masa kerja dan tekanan darah</strong></p><p><strong> </strong></p>

scholarly journals Facteurs comportementaux et environnementaux associés au paludisme à Tourou (Bénin) en période de faible endémicité

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (8) ◽  
pp. 2737-2745
Author(s):  
Ibrahim Mama Cisse ◽  
Adébayo Alassani ◽  
Mènonli Adjobimey ◽  
Rose Mikponhoue ◽  
Antoine Vikkey Hinsou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Facteurs De Risque ◽  
Malaria Prevalence ◽  
Behavioral Risk ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Mosquito Nets ◽  
Facteurs Environnementaux

Le paludisme demeure un problème de santé publique au Bénin malgré l’utilisation des moustiquaires. La présente étude avait pour objectif de déterminer la prévalence du paludisme à Tourou et d’identifier les facteurs comportementaux et environnementaux associés en période de faible endémicité. Il s’agissait d’une étude transversale, descriptive à visée analytique menée dans la population de Tourou. Le diagnostic du paludisme était fait par un test de diagnostic rapide. L’analyse des données a été faite par le logiciel SPSS version 21. Les facteurs de risque du paludisme ont été déterminés par régression logistique. Une p inférieure à 0,05 a été considérée comme significative. Au total 390 sujets ont été inclus dans l’étude. Une prédominance féminine (50,6%) est observée avec un sex-ratio de 0,97. Sur les 390 sujets, 145 étaient infectés par le paludisme soit prévalence du 37,4%. Le fait de dormir dehors (OR : 1,31) et après 23 heures (OR : 5,12) étaient des facteurs comportementaux à risque du paludisme tandis que l’absence d’eaux stagnantes (OR : 0,67) et celle des mauvaises herbes (OR : 0,67) étaient les facteurs environnementaux protecteurs contre le paludisme. La présente étude a montré que les facteurs environnementaux et comportementaux sont associés au paludisme dans la localité de Tourou. La lutte contre le paludisme devra considérer en plus de l’éradication du vecteur l’assainissement de l’environnement et le changement du mode de vie.Mots clés : Paludisme, Prévalence, Facteurs associés, Bénin.   English Title: Behavioral and environmental factors associated with malaria in Tourou (Benin) during periods of low endemicityMalaria remains a public health problem in Benin despite the use of mosquito nets. The objective of the present study was to determine the prevalence of malaria in Tourou and to identify behavioral and environmental factors associated to malaria in times of low endemicity. This was a cross-sectional, descriptive, analytical study carried out in the population of Tourou. The diagnosis of malaria was made by a rapid diagnostic test. Data analysis was done by SPSS version 21 software. Factors risk factor with malaria was determined by logistic regression. A p less than 0.05 was considered significant. A total of 390 subjects were included in the study. A female predominance (50.6%) was observed with a sex ratio of 0.97. Of the 390 subjects, 145 were infected with malaria and the prevalence was 37.4%. Sleeping outside (OR: 1.31) and after 11 p.m. (OR: 5.12) were behavioral risk factors for malaria, while the absence of standing water (OR: 0.67) and that of weeds (OR: 0.67) were the protective environmental factors against malaria. The present study has shown that environmental and behavioral factors were associated with malaria in the locality of Tourou. The fight against malaria will have to consider in addition to the eradication of the vector the sanitation of the environment and the change of lifestyle.Keys words: Malaria, prevalence, associated factors, Benin.

scholarly journals Analysis of Social Aspects Associated with Osteoarthritis in the Brazilian Population: A Cross-sectional Study Based on the National Health Survey in Brazil (PNS 2013).

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clécio Gabriel Souza ◽  
Marcelo Cardoso Souza ◽  
Hugo Jario Silva ◽  
Sanderson Assis ◽  
Diego Sousa Dantas
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Social Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
National Health Survey ◽  
Brazilian Population ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
The Social

Abstract Background: Osteoarthritis (OA) is considered the third most prevalent chronic non-communicable disease in the Brazilian population, being responsible for a high rate of physical disability and reduced quality of life. Little has been discussed about the social factors associated with this health condition. This study aimed to analyze the social factors associated with OA in the Brazilian population. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study based on data from the 2013 National Health Survey in Brazil with OA as its main outcome. Gender, age, body weight, usual activities, physical activity, self-perceived health and diagnosis of depression were analyzed as independent variables. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used. Poisson multiple regression was performed, and the prevalence ratio (PR) and confidence interval (CI) of 95% were calculated using a significance level of 5% (p≤0.05). Results: A total of 60,202 individuals of both genders took part in this study and the OA prevalence was 6.4%. The individual factors associated with a higher prevalence of OA were female gender (PR = 2.09; CI = 1.95-2.25), age over 35 years (PR = 2.88; CI = 2.57-3.24) and excess body weight (PR = 1.61; CI = 1.25-2.07). The presence of OA showed an association with lower performance of usual activities (PR = 1.61; CI = 1.50-1.73) and self-perceived health as very poor (PR = 3.96; CI = 3.31-4.72). In addition, it was associated with a higher prevalence of mental illnesses such as depression (PR = 1.77; CI = 1.64-1.90). Conclusion: Social and modifiable factors which are associated with a higher prevalence of osteoarthritis can be controlled through incentive measures such as social participation and physical activity.

scholarly journals Factors associated with psychosocial problems in Korean nursing and non-nursing students during the COVID-19 pandemic

PeerJ ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. e12541
Author(s):  
Jeongmin Ha ◽  
Dahye Park
Keyword(s):  
Nursing Students ◽  
Psychosocial Problems ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Pandemic Response ◽  
Response Indicators

Background The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has changed our lives in many ways, including school closures and social distancing practices. These abrupt life changes may have led to psychosocial problems in college students. This study aimed to identify the factors associated with psychosocial problems in South Korean nursing and non-nursing students. Methods This descriptive cross-sectional survey was conducted with 139 nursing and 147 non-nursing students (N = 286) between August 6 and October 30, 2020. We investigated participants’ general characteristics (that is, sociodemographic and health-promoting behaviors), sensitivity to COVID-19 infection, COVID-19 pandemic response indicators, and psychosocial problems. The factors associated with psychosocial problems were determined using multiple regression analysis. Results Among the COVID-19 pandemic response indicators, perceived health status during the COVID-19 pandemic was verified as a factor associated with psychosocial problems in nursing (β =  − 5.831, p < .001) and non-nursing students (β =  − 8.513, p < .001). Perceived stress (β = 1.263, p = .045), trust in policy (β = .892, p < .001), and religion (β =  − 1.424, p = .004) were verified as correlates of psychosocial problems in non-nursing students. Conclusion As the COVID-19 pandemic continues, the stakeholders can use our study results to identify students experiencing psychosocial problems and subsequently as a theoretical background for developing intervention programs for those at a high risk of psychosocial problems. Additionally, it can be used as primary data for future research and practice regarding COVID-19 guidelines among students.

scholarly journals Patient delay and associated factors among tuberculosis patients in Gamo zone public health facilities, Southern Ethiopia: An institution-based cross-sectional study

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (7) ◽  
pp. e0255327
Author(s):  
Asrat Arja ◽  
Wanzahun Godana ◽  
Hadiya Hassen ◽  
Biruk Bogale
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Health Facilities ◽  
Patient Delay ◽  
Southern Ethiopia ◽  
Public Healthcare ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Tuberculosis Patients ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Presenting Symptoms

Background Delayed tuberculosis diagnosis and treatment increase morbidity, mortality, expenditure, and transmission in the community. Early diagnosis and initiation of treatment are essential for effective TB control. Therefore, the main objective of this study was to assess the magnitude and factors associated with patient delay among tuberculosis patients in Gamo Zone, Southern Ethiopia. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in Gamo Zone, Southern Ethiopia from February to April 2019. Fifteen health facilities of the study area were selected randomly and 255 TB patients who were ≥18 years of age were included. Data were collected using a questionnaire through face-to-face interviews and analyzed using SPSS version 20.0. Patient delay was analyzed using the median as the cut-off value. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was fitted to identify factors associated with patient delay. A p-value of ≤ 0.05 with 95% CI was considered to declare a statistically significant association. Results The median (inter-quartile range) of the patient delay was 30 (15–60) days. About 56.9% of patients had prolonged patients’ delay. Patient whose first contact were informal provider (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]: 2.24; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.29, 3.86), presenting with weight loss (AOR: 2.53; 95%CI: 1.35, 4.74) and fatigue (AOR: 2.38; 95%CI: 1.36, 4.17) and body mass index (BMI) categories of underweight (AOR: 1.74; 95%CI: 1.01, 3.00) were independently associated with increased odds of patient delay. However, having good knowledge about TB (AOR: 0.44; 95% CI: 0.26, 0.76) significantly reduce patients’ delay. Conclusion In this study, a significant proportion of patients experienced more than the acceptable level for the patient delay. Knowledge about TB, the first action to illness, presenting symptoms, and BMI status were identified factors associated with patient delay. Hence, raising public awareness, regular training, and re-training of private and public healthcare providers, involving informal providers, and maintenance of a high index of suspicion for tuberculosis in the vulnerable population could reduce long delays in the management of TB.

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