scholarly journals Surgery or general medicine: a study of the reasons underlying the choice of medical specialty

2004 ◽  
Vol 122 (3) ◽  
pp. 81-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrícia Lacerda Bellodi
Keyword(s):  
Influencing Factor ◽  
Medical Knowledge ◽  
General Medicine ◽  
Medical Specialty ◽  
Educational Context ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Intellectual Activities ◽  
Brazilian Studies ◽  
Moment Stability ◽  
De Medicina

CONTEXT: The reality of medical services in Brazil points towards expansion and diversification of medical knowledge. However, there are few Brazilian studies on choosing a medical specialty. OBJECTIVE: To investigate and characterize the process of choosing the medical specialty among Brazilian resident doctors, with a comparison of the choice between general medicine and surgery. TYPE OF STUDY: Stratified survey. SETTING: Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo (HC-FMUSP). METHODS: A randomized sample of resident doctors in general medicine (30) and surgery (30) was interviewed. Data on sociodemographic characteristics and the moment, stability and reasons for the choice of specialty were obtained. RESULTS: The moment of choice between the two specialties differed. Surgeons (30%) choose the specialty earlier, while general doctors decided progressively, mainly during the internship (43%). Most residents in both fields (73% general medicine, 70% surgery) said they had considered another specialty before the current choice. The main reasons for general doctors' choice were contact with patients (50%), intellectual activities (30%) and knowledge of the field (27%). For surgeons the main reasons were practical intervention (43%), manual activities (43%) and the results obtained (40%). Personality was important in the choice for 20% of general doctors and for 27% of surgeons. DISCUSSION: The reasons found for the choice between general medicine and surgery were consistent with the literature. The concepts of wanting to be a general doctor or a surgeon are similar throughout the world. Personality characteristics were an important influencing factor for all residents, without statistical difference between the specialties, as was lifestyle. Remuneration did not appear as a determinant. CONCLUSION: The results from this group of Brazilian resident doctors corroborated data on choosing a medical specialty from other countries with different social and educational characteristics. This congruence indicates that the choice involves very similar desires and needs in different settings and has little dependence on the students' educational context.

Practice Guidelines: How Good are Medicine's New Recipes?

1995 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Morgan Capron
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Nonprofit Organizations ◽  
Medical Knowledge ◽  
Medical Specialty ◽  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
Medical Interventions ◽  
Practice Parameters ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Standard Of Practice

Over the last decade, standards for when and how to undertake a wide range of medical interventions have poured forth from medical specialty groups, commercial and nonprofit organizations, and state and federal panels. Known by a variety of names—from practice parameters to clinical guidelines—and intended for a range of purposes—from diminishing the incidence of maloccurences in hospitals to cutting the costs of health care—these guidelines share one important feature: the intention of decreasing the range of variation in medical practice. Such standardization immediately appeals to anyone interested in improving the quality of health care and, in particular, reducing inappropriate medical interventions, in light of the difficulties for a conscientious physician today in adhering to the best standard of practice when faced with ever increasing medical knowledge and the growing number and complexity of diagnostic, preventive, and therapeutic interventions.

scholarly journals MOMENT LYAPUNOV EXPONENTS AND STOCHASTIC STABILITY OF A THIN-WALLED BEAM SUBJECTED TO AXIAL LOADS AND END MOMENTS

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 209
Author(s):  
Goran Janevski ◽  
Predrag Kozić ◽  
Ratko Pavlović ◽  
Strain Posavljak
Keyword(s):  
Lyapunov Exponent ◽  
Lyapunov Exponents ◽  
Degrees Of Freedom ◽  
Simulation Method ◽  
Stochastic Dynamic ◽  
Regular Perturbation ◽  
Thin Walled ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Moment Stability ◽  
Moment Lyapunov Exponents

In this paper, the Lyapunov exponent and moment Lyapunov exponents of two degrees-of-freedom linear systems subjected to white noise parametric excitation are investigated. The method of regular perturbation is used to determine the explicit asymptotic expressions for these exponents in the presence of small intensity noises. The Lyapunov exponent and moment Lyapunov exponents are important characteristics for determining both the almost-sure and the moment stability of a stochastic dynamic system. As an example, we study the almost-sure and moment stability of a thin-walled beam subjected to stochastic axial load and stochastically fluctuating end moments.  The validity of the approximate results for moment Lyapunov exponents is checked by numerical Monte Carlo simulation method for this stochastic system.

scholarly journals A Theoretical Investigation of the Effect of the Stochasticity in the Material Properties on the Chatter Detection During Turning

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henrik T. Sykora ◽  
Daniel Bachrathy ◽  
Gabor Stepan
Keyword(s):  
White Noise ◽  
Time Evolution ◽  
Material Properties ◽  
Discretization Method ◽  
Chatter Detection ◽  
Turning Process ◽  
Stochastic Parameters ◽  
Stability Chart ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Moment Stability

In this work the effect of the inhomogeneous material properties are investigated in regenerative turning processes by introducing white noise in the cutting coefficient. The model is a one degree of freedom linear delayed oscillator with stochastic parameters. A full discretization method is used to calculate the time evolution of the second moment to determine the moment stability of the turning process. The resultant stability chart is compared with the deterministic turning model.

The Response of a Rectangular Thin Plate Subjected to In-Plane Narrow Band Noise Excitation

2015 ◽  
Vol 764-765 ◽  
pp. 379-382
Author(s):  
Gen Ge ◽  
Jing Xian Wei ◽  
Wen Di Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Floquet Theory ◽  
Narrow Band ◽  
Multiple Scale ◽  
Order Moment ◽  
Narrow Band Noise ◽  
Band Noise ◽  
Steady State Responses ◽  
The Moment ◽  
State Responses ◽  
Moment Stability

One stochastic dynamical model of a thin rectangular plate subject to in-plate parametrical narrow band noise excitation is proposed based on elastic theory and Galerkin’s approach. At first the model is simplified applying the multiple scale method and the averaged equation in Ito form is obtained. Secondly, the stochastic moment stability of the steady state responses are analyzed by Floquet theory and the moment method. Finally, the second order moment of the system is obtained, which can be used to estimate the variance of the responses. The numerical results agree with the theatrical analysis.

scholarly journals Conclusiones de las VI Jornadas del Grupo Avilés Sobre Medicina del Deporte

2019 ◽  
Vol 0 (Avance Online) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Physical Education ◽  
Health Research ◽  
Working Group ◽  
Sports Medicine ◽  
Medical Specialty ◽  
Advisory Group ◽  
Autonomous Communities ◽  
Medical Examinations ◽  
De Medicina

Resumen El Grupo de Trabajo Avilés fue impulsado por el Consejo Superior de Deportes en 2009 y está formado por representantes de los Centros de Medicina de la Educación Física y el Deporte de todas las comunidades autónomas que cuentan con estas infraestructuras y representantes de centros de medicina del deporte de centros de tecnificación, centros municipales de medicina del deporte y la Agencia Española de Protección de la Salud del Deportista. Como objetivos de este grupo de trabajo figuran la coordinación entre estas estructuras autonómicas de la medicina del deporte, el planteamiento de soluciones comunes a las diferentes problemáticas que sufren cada uno de los centros y el ser un grupo de asesoramiento, en los diferentes ámbitos de la medicina de la educación física y el deporte, para el Consejo Superior de Deportes. Este grupo de trabajo se reúne periódicamente; en su última reunión, celebrada del 12 al 13 de noviembre de 2018 en Avilés, tras las diferentes reuniones de trabajo celebradas, se acordaron una serie de conclusiones, en relación con el propio Grupo de Avilés, la salud del deportista, la regulación de los reconocimientos medicodeportivos, la promoción de la actividad física beneficiosa para la salud, la investigación en Medicina de la Educación Física y el Deporte, o el mantenimiento de la especialidad. Este artículo reproduce dichas conclusiones. Abstract The Avilés Working Group was promoted by the National Sports Council in 2009 and is made up of representatives of Physical Education and Sports Medicine Centers of all the autonomous communities that have these infrastructures, Sports Technification Centers, municipal Sports Medicine Centers and the Spanish Agency for Health Protection in Sport. The objectives of this working group include the coordination between these autonomous structures of Sports Medicine, the proposal of common solutions to the different problems suffered by each of the centers and to be an advisory group in the different areas of the Physical Education and Sports Medicine, for the National Sports Council. This working group meets periodically; at its last meeting, held from 12 to 13 November 2018 in Avilés, after the different work meetings held, a series of conclusions were agreed, in relation to the Avilés Group itself, the health of the athlete, the regulation of the sports medical examinations, the promotion of the beneficial physical activity to health, research in Physical Education and Sports Medicine, or the maintenance of the medical specialty. This article reproduces these conclusions. Resumo O grupo de Trabalho Avilés foi incentivado pelo Conselho Superior de Esportes em 2009. É composto por representantes dos Centros de Medicina da Educação Física e Esporte de todas as comunidades autônomas que contam com estas infraestruturas, bem como representantes dos centros de medicina do esporte de centros técnicos, centros municipais de medicina do esporte e da Agencia Espanhola de Proteção da saúde do esportista. Como objetivos de trabalho desde grupo, figuram a coordenação entre estas estruturas autonômicas da medicina do esporte, a criação de soluções comuns as diferentes problemáticas que sofrem cada um dos centros, além de ser um grupo de assessoramento, nos diferentes âmbitos da medicina da educação física e do esporte, para o Conselho Superior de Esportes. Este grupo de trabalho se reúne periodicamente; Em sua última reunião, celebrada de 12 à 13 de novembro de 2018 em Avilés, traz as diferentes reuniões de trabalho celebradas, se acordam uma série de conclusões em relação ao próprio Grupo de Avilés, a saúde do esportista, a regulação dos reconhecimentos médico desportivos, a promoção da atividade física voltada a saúde, a investigação em Medicina da Educação Física e do esporte e a manutenção da especialidade. Este artigo reproduz estas conclusões.

scholarly journals Objective Structured Clinical Examination’s adaptation for final evaluation of the curricular component “Semiological Bases”

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 61
Author(s):  
Fernando Muti Carvalho ◽  
Marta Silva Menezes ◽  
Iêda Maria Barbosa Aleluia ◽  
Humberto Castro Lima Filho ◽  
Ana Veronica Mascarenhas Batista ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Student ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Physical Examination ◽  
Clinical Case ◽  
Medical Knowledge ◽  
Clinical Findings ◽  
Whole Process ◽  
Medical Student Learning ◽  
Practical Exam ◽  
De Medicina

BACKGROUND: The combination of both physiological knowledge of a variety of sistems and the clinical findings it is of extreme relevance to the medical student learning process. The proposal of a simulated enviroment, with clinical data collection and regular physical examination, is crucial to this process. The Semiological bases of Escola Bahiana de Medicina e Saúde Pública module, used by the OSCE’s 4th semester medical students, capacitate them for such means. SUMMARY OF WORK: The evaluation logistic was divided into two segments: the first one was made through a theorical exam with close questioning, exhibiting images and videos, but also containing an open-ended question requesting a construction of a fictional clinical case; in the second one it was applied a practical exam segmented by different fields of medical knowledge (neurological, cardiovascular and respiratory/abdomen), with the evaluation of 120 students and followed by the teacher’s feedbacks at the conclusion of each field exam. SUMMARY OF RESULTS: The experience was important, however, it is notable the need for a complex management and understanding of the evaluational process. Discussion between students and teachers happened in behalf of the development of such proposal. CONCLUSIONS: The application of theorical exams throughout the semester combined with a practical exam (the OSCE) at the conclusion of the curricular component Bases Semiológicas had significant weight to the whole process.

scholarly journals Efficacy of communication-based interventions on physicians and patients’ outcome: A meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 297-306
Author(s):  
Andreea Raluca ADAM ◽  
◽  
Florinda Tinela GOLU ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Health ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
General Medicine ◽  
Medical Specialty ◽  
Health Improvement ◽  
Psychological Outcome ◽  
Patient Health ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Randomised Controlled ◽  
The Impact

Communication-based intervention on physicians are strongly linked to patient health improvement. We proceeded examine the efficiency of these programs interventions for relevant outcomes in patients life, along with study quality, publication bias and potential moderators. For this meta-analysis, we searched 2 databases, including: Web of Science and PubMed, using a comprehensive search strategy to identify the efficacy of the physician interventions on patient’s outcome studies in the literature, published from inception of 1965. Studies reporting means of health-related outcome in patients were included in the analyses. Studies quality was assessed with risk of bias tool. Meta-regression was used to explore heterogeneity of the year of published studies moderator and subgroup analysis was used to explore the medical specialty moderator. Of the 3,470 studies initially identified, 14 were eligible for inclusion. These studies had a large diversity of program interventions. The mean effect size representing the impact of communication intervention on patients physical and psychological health was not significant. The only significant mean effect was represented by psychological outcome. Significant associations were found between year of studies and general medicine specialization. In conclusion the impact of physicians’ intervention in not efficient on patients’ communication and medical outcome but it improves psychological health

scholarly journals The Importance of Student Leagues on Medical Training in Neurosurgery and Residency Choice

2018 ◽  
Vol 37 (01) ◽  
pp. 13-18
Author(s):  
Daniela Moraes ◽  
Vinícius Braga ◽  
Guilherme Riechelmann ◽  
Sérgio Cavalheiro
Keyword(s):  
Medical Training ◽  
Medical Specialty ◽  
Medical Schools ◽  
Initial Management ◽  
Undergraduate Level ◽  
Neurologic Diseases ◽  
Medical Graduates ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
De Medicina ◽  
Online Form

Introduction Neurological and neurosurgical disorders are highly prevalent in Brazil. The initial management is performed by general practitioners, showing the importance of theoretical and practical studies of neurology and neurosurgery during undergraduate medical courses. Objective Describe the choices of medical specialty by members of a neurosurgery student league and investigate the existence and composition of neurology and/or neurosurgery courses and neuro-leagues in medical schools in Brazil. Methods We surveyed, in person or through social networks, all medical students who were members of the Neurosurgery Student League of Escola Paulista de Medicina (EPM) from 2007 to 2015 on the completion of their course and residency chosen. An online form was also submitted to all the medical schools registered with the Federal Council of Medicine (Conselho Federal de Medicina [CFM]) Results and Discussion Fifty-seven medical graduates had participated in the Neurosurgery Student League of EPM. Out of these, 45 have completed their undergraduate courses; 6 have undergone neurosurgery and 5 neurology. We obtained responses from 128 out of the 173 medical schools affiliated with the CFM. A total of 91% of the schools responded that they have a structured neurology course. These courses are divided as into: 32 exclusively theoretical, with 12 addressing neurosurgery and 84 are theoretical-practical, with 51 addressing neurosurgery. Structured neurosurgery courses were only present in 19% of the faculties, half of which are theoretical only. Neurosciences leagues were present in 66% of the universities. Conclusions It was noted that neurology and neurosurgery student leagues in 66% of the medical schools in Brazil is, many times, used to supplement theoretical-practical content that should have been addressed at undergraduate level. Unfortunately, only 9.5% of the medical schools include a theoretical-practical neurosurgery course in their curriculum, a fact that is concerning due to the high prevalence of neurologic diseases in the Brazilian population.

scholarly journals Knowledge and attitude towards basics of communication skills amongst resident doctors

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. 3305
Author(s):  
Kalidas D. Chavan ◽  
Purushottam A. Giri ◽  
Sachin S. Mumbre ◽  
Rajendra S. Bangal
Keyword(s):  
Communication Skills ◽  
Medical Knowledge ◽  
General Medicine ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Good Communication ◽  
Knowledge And Attitude ◽  
Basic Communication Skills ◽  
Healthy Behaviour ◽  
Current Curriculum

Background: The pillar of doctor patient relationship is the bond of mutual trust. This pillar is strengthened by effective communication between doctor and patient/relatives. It has been widely accepted that a doctor needs to have very good communication skills in addition to clinical knowledge and skills required for effective healthcare. Every doctor duly needs to demonstrate humanity, healthy behaviour, as well as sensible communication with patients which can build the sustainable ‘trust’ in the treatment offered by that doctor. However, the current curriculum of medical courses is enormously focused on providing competent medical knowledge but lacking the focus on inculcating communication skills.Methods: A cross sectional study was carried out amongst 377 resident doctors of first to third year, from randomly selected medical colleges of Maharashtra having postgraduate courses in clinical subjects and affiliated to Maharashtra University of Health Sciences, Nashik, Maharashtra, India during the period of February 2017 to January 2019. Data was entered in MS Excel sheet and analyzed using percentages and proportions wherever appropriate.Results: Highest study respondents were from General Medicine with 13% of total and having 17.4% males and 8% females among respective genders followed by General surgery and Pediatrics residents with 12.5% each specialty.Conclusions: The study has shown that there was varied knowledge about the communication skills among the resident doctors. The residents have shown fair attitudes and behaviours towards mindfulness and basic communication skills.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document