scholarly journals Ehrlichia canis (Jaboticabal strain) induces the expression of TNF-α in leukocytes and splenocytes of experimentally infected dogs

2011 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joice Lara Maia Faria ◽  
Thiago Demarchi Munhoz ◽  
Carolina Franchi João ◽  
Giovanny Vargas-Hernández ◽  
Marcos Rogério André ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Phase ◽  
Ehrlichia Canis ◽  
Post Inoculation ◽  
Doxycycline Hyclate ◽  
Blood Leukocytes ◽  
Canine Ehrlichiosis ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Splenic Cells ◽  
Ifn Γ

Canine ehrlichiosis is caused by the bacterium Ehrlichia canis and is characterized by a systemic febrile disease of unknown pathogenesis. This study evaluated the expression of cytokines TNF-α, IL-10, IFN-γ, in splenic cells and blood leukocytes during the acute phase of ehrlichiosis and after treatment with doxycycline hyclate in dogs experimentally infected with the E. canis Jaboticabal strain. The study results showed a significant expression of TNF-α 18 days post-inoculation, reducing by approximately 70% after treatment. There was a unique peak of expression of IL-10 and IFN-γ 18 and 30 days post-inoculation, respectively. This study suggests that TNF-α plays a role in the pathogenesis of the acute phase of canine ehrlichiosis and that treatment with doxycycline hyclate reduces the systemic effects of this cytokine, possibly by reducing or eliminating parasitemia.

scholarly journals Experimental Ehrlichia canis infection changes acute-phase proteins

2012 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 206-212 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thiago Demarchi Munhoz ◽  
Joice Lara Maia Faria ◽  
Giovanni Vargas-Hérnandez ◽  
José Jurandir Fagliari ◽  
Áureo Evangelista Santana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Detection ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Acute Phase ◽  
Acute Phase Proteins ◽  
Ehrlichia Canis ◽  
Laboratory Findings ◽  
Early Detection Of Disease ◽  
Acid Glycoprotein ◽  
The Third ◽  
Canine Ehrlichiosis

Early diagnosis of canine ehrlichiosis favors prompt institution of treatment and improves the prognosis for the animal, since this disease causes mortality among dogs. Studies have shown that determining the concentration of acute-phase proteins (APPs) may contribute towards early detection of disease and aid in predicting the prognosis. This study aimed to evaluate the APP profile in dogs experimentally infected with Ehrlichia canis, at the start of the infection and after treatment. It also investigated whether any correlation between APP levels and the clinical and laboratory alterations over the course of the disease would be possible. The results obtained showed abnormal levels of all the APPs on the third day after infection (D3), with the highest levels being reached on D18, with the exception of ceruloplasmin and acid glycoprotein, which presented their peaks on D6 and D12 respectively. We concluded that assessment of APP levels could contribute towards establishing an early diagnosis of canine ehrlichiosis, particularly regarding acid glycoprotein and ceruloplasmin, since these proteins were detected at increased levels even before the onset of clinical and laboratory findings of the disease.

scholarly journals Doxycycline Hyclate Treatment of Experimental Canine Ehrlichiosis Followed by Challenge Inoculation with Two Ehrlichia canis Strains

1998 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 362-368 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward B. Breitschwerdt ◽  
Barbara C. Hegarty ◽  
Susan I. Hancock
Keyword(s):  
Protective Immunity ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
Ehrlichia Canis ◽  
Chronic Infections ◽  
Doxycycline Hyclate ◽  
Challenge Inoculation ◽  
Canine Ehrlichiosis ◽  
Homologous Strain ◽  
Experimental Canine ◽  
Prior Infection

ABSTRACT Dogs were experimentally inoculated with Ehrlichia canis Florida to assess the efficacy of doxycycline hyclate for the treatment of acute ehrlichiosis. Treatment with doxycycline eliminated infection in eight of eight dogs. Untreated infected control dogs appeared to eliminate the infection or, alternatively, suppress the degree of ehrlichiemia to a level not detectable by tissue culture isolation or PCR or by transfusion of blood into recipient dogs. Prior infection did not infer protection against homologous (strain Florida) or heterologous (strain NCSU Jake) strains of E. canis. We conclude that doxycycline hyclate is an effective treatment for acuteE. canis infection; however, these results may not be applicable to chronic infections in nature. Spontaneous resolution of infection, induced by the dog’s innate immune response, provides evidence that an E. canis vaccine, once developed, might potentially confer protective immunity against the organism.

scholarly journals Effect of citrus polyphenol- and curcumin-supplemented diet on inflammatory state in obese cats

2011 ◽  
Vol 106 (S1) ◽  
pp. S198-S201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Véronique Leray ◽  
Benjamin Freuchet ◽  
Jérôme Le Bloc'h ◽  
Isabelle Jeusette ◽  
Celina Torre ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factor ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor Β ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Lower Plasma ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Inflammatory State ◽  
Ifn Γ

Among obesity-associated disorders, low-grade inflammation has been described. The putative therapeutic properties of citrus and curcumin polyphenols could be associated with their anti-inflammatory properties. Two diets supplemented either with hesperidin (0·05 %) and naringin (0·1 %) from citrus extract or with highly bioavailable curcumin from Curcuma longa extract (0·09 %) were fed to eight obese cats for two 8-week periods (cross-over study design) while maintaining animals in an obese state. Plasma acute-phase protein (APP; α1-acid glycoprotein (AGP), serum amyloid A and haptoglobin) levels were assessed before and at the end of each test period. TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-10, IL-12, IL-18, transforming growth factor-β, interferon (IFN)-γ mRNA levels were determined in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) by real-time PCR. Compared with pre-study values, supplementation with citrus polyphenols resulted in lower plasma AGP and haptoglobin concentrations, while that with curcumin resulted in lower plasma AGP concentration. There were no differences between the supplementations. TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-4, IL-5, IL-10, IL-12, IL-18, transforming growth factor-β, mRNA levels remained unaffected by either dietary supplementation. In contrast, IFN-γ and IL-2 mRNA levels were lower at the end of the citrus and the curcumin supplementation, respectively. There were no differences between the supplementations. The present study results show a slight effect of citrus and curcumin supplementation on inflammatory markers expressed by PBMC, and a decreased concentration of APP, which are mainly expressed by the liver. This would confirm that hesperidin and naringin or highly bioavailable curcumin extract have beneficial effects, targeted in the liver and could improve the obesity-related inflammatory state.

scholarly journals Hormonal-immunologic status and peculiarities of nourishment in obese subjects

2007 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-104
Author(s):  
I. A. Troshina ◽  
I. M. Petrov ◽  
T. A. Gagina ◽  
I. V. Medvedeva ◽  
V. V. Maleyev
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass ◽  
Immune Status ◽  
Main Role ◽  
Calorie Content ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Obese Subjects ◽  
Ifn Γ ◽  
Food Taking ◽  
Immunologic Status

Nourishment peculiarities of 120 patients aged from 41 years having excess body mass and obesity were investigated. Interre-lations with changed hormonal-immune status were assessed. Method of food taking rate developed in the Institute of Nourishment, RAMS, taking into account nourishing peculiarities of Russian population was used. Study results revealed, that patients had imbal-ance concerning main macro- and micronutrients: nourishment regimen was disturbed in 90% of cases, taking main part of energy value was shifted to the second half of a day, increased calorie content of nourishment, excess of monosaccharides in the setting of decreased physical activity were seen which plays the main role in the development and advancing obesity, increased level of leuco-cytes, of TNF-α, IFN-γ, humoral immunity link imbalance, increased serum concentration of leptin and insulin which is closely cor-relates with excess body mass and nourishment peculiarities.

scholarly journals Pregnancy and Anemia of Various Origin: Effectiveness of a Differentiated Approach

Doctor Ru ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (8) ◽  
pp. 25-31
Author(s):  
B.M. Gasanova ◽  
◽  
M.L. Polina ◽  
◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Iron Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Hemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Cytokine Profiles ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Ifn Γ ◽  
The Impact

Study Objective: To assess the impact of ferrokinetics and serum cytokine profiles on pregnancy outcomes in patients with anemia of various origin. Study Design: This was a prospective study. Materials and Methods: A complete blood count was done and levels of serum iron, C-reactive protein (CRP), total protein, and ferritin, as well as cytokine profiles (interleukin [IL]-1β, -4, -8, -10, tumor necrosis factor [TNF]-α, and interferon [IFN]-γ), were assessed in pregnant women with iron deficiency anemia (IDA) (n = 34) and infection-related anemia (n = 28). Study Results: In patients with IDA, hemoglobin concentration, red blood cell (RBC) count, mean corpuscular volume (MCV), and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) were significantly lower (p<0.05) than in patients with infection-related anemia. Markers of infection-related anemia—increased levels of ferritin (in 82.2% of the women) and CRP—suggested the need for anti-inflammatory and antioxidant treatment. Women with infection-related anemia had higher levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines than women with IDA (p<0.05): IL-1β levels were 1.7 times higher; those of IL-8 and IFN-γ were 1.4 and 1.8 times higher, respectively, and those of TNF-α and IL-10 were 2.3 and 2.0 times higher, respectively. The study revealed a relationship between infection-related anemia and various gestational complications (OR = 1.1–3.5) and placental insufficiency (100.0% vs. 63.8% in IDA). Conclusion: To reduce the frequency of unfavorable perinatal outcomes, differentiated management is required for pregnant women with IDA and infection-related anemia. An optimal approach for women with anemia of any origin includes improvement of the woman’s general health before conception and preventive measures against obstetric complications starting in the early stages of pregnancy. Keywords: iron deficiency anemia, infection-related anemia, ferritin.

scholarly journals A Role for Receptor-Interacting Protein Kinase-1 in Neutrophil Extracellular Trap Formation in Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: a Preliminary Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 45 (6) ◽  
pp. 2317-2328 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruru Guo ◽  
Yang Tu ◽  
Shaowei Xie ◽  
Xue song Liu ◽  
Yang Song ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Activity ◽  
Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Activity Index ◽  
Disease Activity Index ◽  
Peripheral Blood Leukocytes ◽  
Systemic Lupus ◽  
Blood Leukocytes ◽  
Interacting Protein ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Ifn Γ

Background/Aims: Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are known to play an important role in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) by triggering innate and adaptive immune responses. The molecular mechanisms responsible for their formation in SLE are still unclear. In this study, we aim to characterize the role of the receptor-interacting protein kinase-1 (RIPK1), a homologous serine/threonine kinase previously implicated in the regulation of necroptosis and tissue injury, in decreasing neutrophil death and formation of NETs, and to investigate the clinical implications of RIPK1 in SLE. Methods: Patients with SLE (n = 50) and healthy donors (n = 35) were enrolled in in vitro studies. Management of SLE patients was evaluated using the SLE disease activity index 2000 (SLEDAI-2K) score and laboratory variables. The mRNA level of RIPKs was measured by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Intracellular RIPK1 and RIPK3 production by peripheral blood leukocytes was detected by four-color flow cytometry and confirmed by automatic western blotting. TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-1β, IL-2, IL-8, IL-18, and RIPK1 were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Cell death was assayed by Sytox green dye from peripheral neutrophils stimulated by RIPK-1-stabilizer necrostatin-1 (nec-1) and phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA). Immunofluorescence staining and confocal microscopy were used to detect NET formation ex vivo. Quantification of NETs was determined by fluorescence spectrometry. Results: IFN-γ, IL-1β, IL-8, and IL-18 levels in serum were increased in SLE patients compared to controls. However, the expression of TNF-α, IL-2, and RIPK1 were decreased. In addition, we observed significant differences in the expression of RIPK1 in peripheral blood leukocytes. Of all the leukocytes, RIPK1 expression was significantly lower in neutrophils. Furthermore, we studied NETs formation in neutrophils of SLE with decreased RIPK1 expression, and these show increased susceptibility to NETosis, when stimulated with PMA and/or nec-1. Importantly, RIPK1 expression in neutrophils negatively correlated with ESR, CRP, 24-hour urine total protein, and the disease activity index in SLE. Conclusion: These data represent the first report of decreased RIPK1 expression in neutrophils of SLE patients and imply that RIPK1 may be involved in neutrophil death and NET formation. We suggest that RIPK1 is a potential biomarker to predict disease activity.

scholarly journals Concentrations of Cytokines, Soluble Interleukin-2 Receptor, and Soluble CD30 in Sera of Patients with Hepatitis B Virus Infection during Acute and Convalescent Phases

2002 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 1372-1375 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisca Monsalve-de Castillo ◽  
Tania A. Romero ◽  
Jesús Estévez ◽  
Luciana L. Costa ◽  
Ricardo Atencio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Acute Phase ◽  
Surface Antigen ◽  
Interleukin 2 ◽  
Soluble Form ◽  
Convalescent Phase ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Ifn Γ

ABSTRACT The immunoregulatory roles of interleukin-2 (IL-2), IL-4, IL-10, gamma interferon (IFN-γ), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), the soluble form of the IL-2 receptor (sIL-2R), and the soluble form of CD30 (sCD30) were evaluated in patients with hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. Two groups of subjects were studied: 15 healthy individuals without hepatitis antecedents and 15 patients with HBV infection. Blood samples were taken during the acute and convalescent phases. The analysis of the samples was done by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay technique. IFN-γ and TNF-α levels decreased in the convalescent phase. IL-10, IL-2, and sIL-2R levels increased in the acute and convalescent phases, while sCD30 levels increased during the acute phase. The IL-4 concentrations decreased in both phases. During the acute phase, IFN-γ and TNF-α induced increases in IL-2, sIL-2R, IL-10, and sCD30 levels in serum, which allowed the development of immunity characterized by the nonreactivity of the HBV surface antigen, the onset of antibodies to the HBV surface antigen (anti-HBs), and normal alanine aminotransferase levels during the convalescent phase. Increased IL-2 levels during the acute phase would stimulate the activities of NK cells and CD8+ lymphocytes, which are responsible for viral clearing. The raised sIL-2R levels reveal activation of T lymphocytes and control of the IL-2-dependent immune response. The sCD30 increment during the acute phase reflects the greater activation of the Th2 cellular phenotype. Its decrease in the convalescent phase points out the decrease in the level of HBV replication. The increase in IL-10 levels could result in a decrease in IL-4 levels and modulate IFN-γ and TNF-α levels during both phases of disease, allowing the maintenance of anti-HBs concentrations.

scholarly journals The Preventive Effect of Lactobacillus plantarum ZS62 on DSS-Induced IBD by Regulating Oxidative Stress and the Immune Response

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Yanni Pan ◽  
Yujing Ning ◽  
Jing Hu ◽  
Zhiying Wang ◽  
Xiufeng Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Immune Response ◽  
Protein Expression ◽  
Lactobacillus Plantarum ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Preventive Effect ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Mrna And Protein Expression ◽  
Ifn Γ

In this study, we used DSS to establish an IBD mouse model to study the preventive effect of Lactobacillus plantarum (L. plantarum) ZS62 on IBD in the context of oxidative stress and the immune response. We assessed the mitigating effect of this strain on IBD mice by examining the length of and histopathological changes in the colon, determining the serum antioxidant index and the levels of inflammatory cytokines, as well as the mRNA and protein expression levels of relevant genes. The study results showed that L. plantarum ZS62 could inhibit colonic atrophy in IBD mice, reduce the degree of colonic damage, downregulate the serum levels of MDA, MPO, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-12, TNF-α, and IFN-γ and the relative mRNA and protein expression of IL-1β, IL-12, TNF-α, COX-2, iNOS, and NF-κB p65 in mouse colon tissues, and upregulate the serum levels of CAT, T-SOD, and IL-10 and the relative mRNA and protein expression of Cu/Zn SOD, Mn SOD, GSH-Px, CAT, IL-10, and IκB-α in colon tissues. In summary, L. plantarum ZS62 exhibited a good preventive effect on DSS-induced IBD by regulating oxidative stress and the immune response.

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