scholarly journals RANCANG BANGUN RAK PENYIMPANAN DETEKTOR NEUTRON PASCA TERAKTIVASI DI PUSAT REAKTOR SERBA GUNA (PRSG)

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Sukino Sukino
Keyword(s):  
Start Up ◽  
Wide Range

Reaktor RSG GAS memiliki empat sistem pengukuran fluks neutron yaitu: pengukuran fluks neutron daerah start-up, pengukuran fluks neutron daerah intermediate, pengukuran fluks neutron daerah daya (power) dan pengukuran fluks neutron wide range. Setelah Reaktor operasi selama kurang lebih tiga puluh empat tahun ada beberapa komponen yang mengalami penuaan (ageing) dan salah satunya adalah detektor neutron. Dari empat sistem pengukuran fluks neutron diatas saat ini telah terdapat 28 detektor yang mengalami penuaan dan dalam kondisi rusak. Sebagian detektor tersebut mempunyai paparan radiasi yang tinggi. Penempatan sementara detektor-detektor tersebut di lantai ruang operation hall dengan shielding seadanya dan tidak terkelola dengan baik, Sehingga perlu adanya tempat penyimpanan detektor. Rancang bangun rak penyimpanan detektor ini adalah untuk mempermudah pengelolaan dan identifikasi detektor pasca teraktivasi, melindungi pekerja radiasi terkena paparan radiasi dan membuat lingkungan jadi lebih rapi. Rak penyimpanan berfungsi sebagai tempat menyimpan sementara detektor neutron pasca teraktivasi sebelum disimpan permanen di Pusat Teknologi Limbah Radioaktif. Kegiatan dimulai dengan mengumpulkan data-data detektor neutron, mengidentifikasi dari sisi fisik yang terdiri dari dimensi panjang dan diameter detektor maupun dari sisi besaran paparan radiasi setiap detektor. Membuat rancangan gambar dengan mempertimbangkan diameter, panjang, dan paparan radiasi dari detektor neutron tersebut. Memilih dan menentukan bahan-bahan yang akan digunakan untuk membuat tempat penyimpanan detektor neutron sesuai dengan kebutuhan dan persyaratan  keselamatan. Merancang rencana kerja dengan kajian teknis, membuat rancangan awal, membuat rancangan detail dan pembuatan rak penyimpanan. Dari hasil rancang bangun ini diperoleh rak penyimpanan detektor neutron pasca teraktivasi yang memenuhi persyaratan keselamatan.

scholarly journals Applications of Biocatalysts for Sustainable Oxidation of Phenolic Pollutants: A Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (15) ◽  
pp. 8620
Author(s):  
Sanaz Salehi ◽  
Kourosh Abdollahi ◽  
Reza Panahi ◽  
Nejat Rahmanian ◽  
Mozaffar Shakeri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Phenolic Pollutants ◽  
Petroleum Refinery Wastewater ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Effective Removal ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Loading Effects ◽  
Spent Caustic

Phenol and its derivatives are hazardous, teratogenic and mutagenic, and have gained significant attention in recent years due to their high toxicity even at low concentrations. Phenolic compounds appear in petroleum refinery wastewater from several sources, such as the neutralized spent caustic waste streams, the tank water drain, the desalter effluent and the production unit. Therefore, effective treatments of such wastewaters are crucial. Conventional techniques used to treat these wastewaters pose several drawbacks, such as incomplete or low efficient removal of phenols. Recently, biocatalysts have attracted much attention for the sustainable and effective removal of toxic chemicals like phenols from wastewaters. The advantages of biocatalytic processes over the conventional treatment methods are their ability to operate over a wide range of operating conditions, low consumption of oxidants, simpler process control, and no delays or shock loading effects associated with the start-up/shutdown of the plant. Among different biocatalysts, oxidoreductases (i.e., tyrosinase, laccase and horseradish peroxidase) are known as green catalysts with massive potentialities to sustainably tackle phenolic contaminants of high concerns. Such enzymes mainly catalyze the o-hydroxylation of a broad spectrum of environmentally related contaminants into their corresponding o-diphenols. This review covers the latest advancement regarding the exploitation of these enzymes for sustainable oxidation of phenolic compounds in wastewater, and suggests a way forward.

scholarly journals Personality trait differences across types of entrepreneurs: a systematic literature review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florentine U. Salmony ◽  
Dominik K. Kanbach
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Systematic Literature Review ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Rural Farmers ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Research Integration

AbstractThe personality traits that define entrepreneurs have been of significant interest to academic research for several decades. However, previous studies have used vastly different definitions of the term “entrepreneur”, meaning their subjects have ranged from rural farmers to tech-industry start-up founders. Consequently, most research has investigated disparate sub-types of entrepreneurs, which may not allow for inferences to be made regarding the general entrepreneurial population. Despite this, studies have frequently extrapolated results from narrow sub-types to entrepreneurs in general. This variation in entrepreneur samples reduces the comparability of empirical studies and calls into question the reviews that pool results without systematic differentiation between sub-types. The present study offers a novel account by differentiating between the definitions of “entrepreneur” used in studies on entrepreneurs’ personality traits. We conduct a systematic literature review across 95 studies from 1985 to 2020. We uncover three main themes across the previous studies. First, previous research applied a wide range of definitions of the term “entrepreneur”. Second, we identify several inconsistent findings across studies, which may at least partially be due to the use of heterogeneous entrepreneur samples. Third, the few studies that distinguished between various types of entrepreneurs revealed differences between them. Our systematic differentiation between entrepreneur sub-types and our research integration offer a novel perspective that has, to date, been widely neglected in academic research. Future research should use clearly defined entrepreneurial samples and conduct more systematic investigations into the differences between entrepreneur sub-types.

Kabbage: an innovative source of short-term business loans

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 716-735
Author(s):  
Michael Ozlanski ◽  
Emma Marie Fleck
Keyword(s):  
Short Term ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
Business Press ◽  
Small Business Management ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Tangible Assets ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Key Drivers ◽  
A Company

Synopsis New entrepreneurial businesses are one of the key drivers of innovation and economic development. However, one of their greatest obstacles is accessing capital, especially since they are often initially unprofitable and lack tangible assets in the first few years of operation. Since debt financing from banks can be difficult for them to obtain, their capacity for growth can be limited. This case introduces students to Kabbage, a company that reduced the barriers associated with start-up and microbusiness lending by using a fully automated, data-driven platform. Kabbage made instant decisions on whether these businesses should qualify for a line of credit by reviewing its clients’ electronic data, analyzed quickly and accurately using specific algorithms. Research methodology Given the applied nature of the case, the data were gleaned from a wide range of secondary sources, specifically popular business press which was verified for authenticity. Relevant courses and levels This case can be used in a variety of undergraduate courses. Some course examples include small business management, introduction to entrepreneurship or entrepreneurial finance.

scholarly journals Rotorcraft systems for urban air mobility: A reality check

2020 ◽  
Vol 125 (1283) ◽  
pp. 3-21
Author(s):  
A. Filippone ◽  
G.N. Barakos
Keyword(s):  
Electric Propulsion ◽  
Scientific Basis ◽  
Urban Air ◽  
Holistic View ◽  
Technical Problems ◽  
Manufacturing Operations ◽  
Reality Check ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Media

ABSTRACT“Urban air vehicles” have been hailed as the next revolution in aviation. Prototypes of various sizes have been flown to demonstrate basic flight (hover and climb), but in most cases there is no demonstration of full flight capability, for example conversion from vertical to level flight (conversion corridor). There are proposals for vehicles in a wide range of scales: from drones specifically designed to deliver goods, to full size vehicles for manned transportation. Most of the concepts proposed include full electric propulsion, multiple (often convertible) rotors (ducted or un-ducted, counter-rotating), and widespread use of composite materials. Start-up companies are seeking funding with high-profile demonstrations in front of the media, but many unresolved technical problems are not been solved. Large aerospace companies have joined the fray. These initiatives are fuelling expectations that achieving the next milestone is within easy reach. This paper aims to fill some gaps in understanding and curb optimism. It takes a holistic view in order to establish a scientific basis for design, manufacturing, operations.

The Rheology and Processability of Tire Compounds

2000 ◽  
Vol 73 (2) ◽  
pp. 225-239 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stéphane Schaal ◽  
Aubert Y. Coran
Keyword(s):  
Storage Time ◽  
Descriptive Model ◽  
Shear Rates ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Flow Experiment ◽  
Kinetics Of Degradation ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Type Of Behavior ◽  
Small Shear

Abstract The purpose of the work reported here was to define the parameters, which affect the rheology of tire compounds as well as their processability. Rheology was characterized over a wide range of shear rates. Processability was defined inversely as the roughness of the extrudate from the Monsanto Processability Tester (MPT) capillary rheometer. The roughness was measured by using image analysis of the extrudate surface contour. A good correlation was found between the extrudate roughness and the size of the Mooney peak (peak in apparent stress plotted against time for very small shear rates in a start-up flow experiment). The Mooney peak can be represented as a yield stress. The effects of storage time and temperature on the size of the Mooney peak (i.e., its increase as a function of storage time) was studied. The kinetics of degradation of processability was not found to follow an Arrhenius type of behavior. Finally, a physical descriptive model was proposed to represent filler—rubber structures.

Gulf Shores Company

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-123
Author(s):  
Asma Qureshi ◽  
Jeff Stevens
Keyword(s):  
Business Intelligence ◽  
Intelligent System ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Offshore Platforms ◽  
Human Errors ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Efficiency And Effectiveness ◽  
Complex Settings

Business intelligence (BI) has been successful in eliminating the traditional decision support systems at Gulf Shores Company (GSC) to improve efficiency and effectiveness in service delivery and eliminate human errors. Such improved organizations are better prepared to respond quickly to threats and opportunities. Artificial intelligence (AI) supports an organization’s BI process by simplifying them and making them more cost-effective so that, under certain conditions, automated decisions and alerts can be used. Introducing AI into GSC processes would also give them the capability of making decisions in real time. GSC could implement the BI/AI combination in complex settings to address a wide range of risks specific to their industry. The case study describes the logic for implementing AI in petroleum industries, based on an intelligent system that helps offshore platforms start up, and explains how it can be applied in other industries such as medical billing.

scholarly journals Effect of Size, Shape, and Composition on the Interaction of Different Nanomaterials with HeLa Cells

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Renero-Lecuna ◽  
Nerea Iturrioz-Rodríguez ◽  
Eloisa González-Lavado ◽  
Esperanza Padín-González ◽  
Elena Navarro-Palomares ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Culture ◽  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Hela Cells ◽  
Cellular Systems ◽  
Comparative Tests ◽  
Cellular Models ◽  
Lack Of Information ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Stability

The application of nanomaterials in the fields of medicine and biotechnology is of enormous interest, particularly in the areas where traditional solutions have failed. Unfortunately, there is very little information on how to optimize the preparation of nanomaterials for their use in cell culture and on the effects that these can trigger on standard cellular systems. These data are pivotal in nanobiotechnology for the development of different applications and to evaluate/compare the cytotoxicity among the different nanomaterials or studies. The lack of information drives many laboratories to waste resources performing redundant comparative tests that often lead to partial answers due to differences in (i) the nature of the start-up material, (ii) the preparation, (iii) functionalization, (iv) resuspension, (v) the stability/dose of the nanomaterial, etc. These variations in addition to the different analytical systems contribute to the artefactual interpretation of the effects of nanomaterials and to inconsistent conclusions between different laboratories. Here, we present a brief review of a wide range of nanomaterials (nanotubes, various nanoparticles, graphene oxide, and liposomes) with HeLa cells as a reference cellular system. These human cells, widely used as cellular models for many studies, represent a reference system for comparative studies between different nanomaterials or conditions and, in the last term, between different laboratories.

PERFORMANCE OF THE WALLUMBILLA LPG PLANT

1986 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 458
Author(s):  
R. Frith
Keyword(s):  
Fast Track ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Project Schedule ◽  
Project Proposal ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Final Design ◽  
Turbo Expander ◽  
Operating Constraints

Bridge Oil Ltd operates a turbo expander LPG recovery plant at Wallumbilla, near Roma, Queensland. Several novel techniques were adopted to ensure optimum performance under severe operating constraints caused by market characteristics and project economics. These were necessary to maximise recovery over a wide range of throughputs and rapidly fluctuating loads, whilst operating at the end of a two phase pipeline. Flexibility was achieved by recycling gas around the plant, and adopting appropriate control strategies to ensure rapid response to load changes.The project schedule was compressed into 15 months by skid-mounting equipment, and eliminating various activities from the project schedule. Final design was based entirely on feasibility concepts without preparation of a formal project proposal. Protection against delays from wet weather during site work was also gained by shipping fully fabricated process skids to site.Minor problems encountered after start-up were rectified for a cost considerably below the incremental revenues generated by the fast track construction philosophy.

Analysis of Measured and Predicted Turbine Maps From Start-Up to Design Point

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alberto Scotti del Greco ◽  
Sara Biagiotti ◽  
Vittorio Michelassi ◽  
Tomasz Jurek ◽  
Daniele Di Benedetto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Full Range ◽  
Velocity Ratio ◽  
Expansion Ratio ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Turbine Stage ◽  
Design Point ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Constant Shape ◽  
Ratio Versus

Abstract This paper describes a coupled experimental and CFD campaign conducted on a 1.5 intermediate turbine stage in the full range of operating conditions, from start-up to design point under variable expansion ratio and physical speed. The test maintains engine similitude conditions and allows direct comparison with CFD data to assess the predictions accuracy. The choice of variables to describe the speedlines is also addressed by using both measured and predicted data. A discussion on velocity ratio versus corrected speed illustrates the advantages of the former parameter the adoption of which produces constant shape curves in a very wide range of operating conditions. The comparison between measurements and predictions suggests that CFD, in conjunction with performance correlations, is a viable tool to predict speedlines in a fairly wide range of conditions, provided that geometrical and operational details are carefully matched.

Private Equity and Distressed Debt Funds Emerging Role in Preventing and Participating in Restructurings

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Mallon ◽  
Shai Y. Waisman ◽  
Ray C. Schrock
Keyword(s):  
Private Equity ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Leveraged Buyouts ◽  
Subordinated Debt ◽  
Investment Activity ◽  
Track Record ◽  
Development Cycle ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
A Company

Private equity (‘PE’) investment and distressed debt investment covers a wide range of investment activity by pooled investment vehicles (ie, funds) in privately or publicly (through ‘take-private’ transactions or IPO’s) owned companies, using capital raised from institutional investors that are limited partners of the funds. Such investment activity can be broadly categorized according to the point at which the investment is made within the typical development cycle of a company: (i) initial venture capital provides seed capital for start-up businesses; (ii) growth capital assists early-stage companies with the growth of their operations; (iii) mezzanine financing, comprising the contribution of subordinated debt or preferred equity, provides further capital to more established businesses; (iv) leveraged buyouts (‘LBOs’) are pursued to acquire portfolio businesses with a proven track record of sales and financial performance; and (v) distressed debt investing (the focus of this chapter) which provides support to companies that are in financially precarious positions.

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