The influence of baical skullcap root (Scutellaria baicalensis radix) in the diet of broiler chickens on the chemical composition of the muscles, selected performance traits of the animals and the sensory characteristics of the meat

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the baical skullcap root (Scutellaria baicalensis radix) on the performance, chemical composition of the muscles and sensory characteristics of the meat of broiler chickens. 120 one-day old Hubbard Hi-Y broiler hybrids were assigned to four groups of 30 each and fed either a basal diet (control) or a basal diet supplemented with 0.5%, 1.0% or 1.5% ground root of skullcap. The body weight, weight gain, feed consumption and feed : gain ratio were calculated after 42 days. The addition of the ground baical skullcap root to the fodder had no effect on the quality or chemical composition of the breast and leg muscles of the broiler chickens. However, it positively influenced some of the performance characteristics of the chickens.

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Optical Characterization of Alternaria spp. Contaminated Wheat Grain and Its Influence in Early Broilers Nutrition on Oxidative Stress

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su13074005 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (7) ◽

pp. 4005

Author(s):

Nikola Puvača ◽

Snežana Tanasković ◽

Vojislava Bursić ◽

Aleksandra Petrović ◽

Jordan Merkuri ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Body Weight ◽

Broiler Chickens ◽

Basal Diet ◽

Feed Consumption ◽

Control Treatment ◽

Second Phase ◽

Wheat Grain ◽

Color Properties ◽

Dietary Treatments

The aim of this research was the visual characterization and investigating the effects of Alternaria spp. contaminated wheat grains in the starter stage of broilers nutrition on productive parameters and oxidative stress. The research was divided into two phases. Bunches of wheat in post-harvest period of year 2020 was collected from a various locality in Serbia and Albania. In the first phase, collected samples were visual characterized by Alternaria spp. presence by color measurement methods. Gained results are conferred in the range of the color properties of grain color properties of Alternaria toxins. Wheat grain samples were significantly different (p < 0.05) in terms of all measured color parameters (L*, a*, b*). Classification of field fungi in analyzed wheat grain samples showed that the significant field fungi were Rhizopus spp., followed by Alternaria spp., and Fusarium spp. In the second phase, biological tests with chickens were carried out during the broiler chickens’ dietary starter period in the first 14th days of age. At the beginning of the experiment, a total of 180-day-old Ross 308 strain broilers were equally distributed into three dietary treatments, with four replicates each. Dietary treatments in the experiments were as follows: basal diet without visual contamination of Alternaria spp. with 25% wheat (A1), a basal diet with visual contamination of Alternaria spp. with 25% wheat from Serbia (A2), basal diet with visual contamination of Alternaria spp. with 25% wheat from Albania (A3). The trial with chickens lasted for 14 days. After the first experimental week, wheat infected with Alternaria spp. in treatment A2 and A3 expressed adverse effects. The highest body weight of chickens of 140.40 g was recorded in broilers on control treatment A1 with statistically significant differences (p < 0.05) compared to treatments A2 (137.32 g) and A3 (135.35 g). At the end of the second week of test period, a statistically significant (p < 0.05) difference in body weight of broiler chickens could be noticed. The highest body weight of 352.68 g was recorded in control treatment A1, with statistically significant differences compared to other Alternaria spp. treatments. The lowest body weight of chickens was recorded in treatment A3 (335.93 g). Results of feed consumption and feed conversion ratio showed some numerical differences between treatments but without any statistically significant differences (p > 0.05). Alternaria spp. contaminated diet increased glutathione (GSH), glutathione reductase (GR), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and decreased peroxidase (POD) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) serum levels, respectively. Built on the achieved results, it can be concluded that the wheat contaminated with Alternaria spp. in broilers nutrition negatively affected growth, decreased oxidative protection and interrupted chicken welfare in the first period of life.

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Geo-Assessment of Chemical Composition and Nutritional Evaluation of Moringa oleifera Seeds in Nutrition of Broilers

Journal of Agricultural Science ◽

10.5539/jas.v6n4p119 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 6 (4) ◽

pp. 119 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

A. Annongu ◽

O. R. Karim ◽

A. A. Toye ◽

F. E. Sola-Ojo ◽

R. M. O. Kayode ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Weight Gain ◽

Chemical Composition ◽

Feed Intake ◽

Moringa Oleifera ◽

The Body ◽

Feed Consumption ◽

Seed Meal ◽

Mineral Matter ◽

Inclusion Level

Chemical composition of Moringa oleifera seeds obtained from the middle belt of Nigeria, Benue State, was determined and the seed was blended to form a seed meal. The Moringa oleifera Seed Meal, MOSM was included in diets at graded levels of 2.50, 5.00 and 7.50% and the dietary performance of the broiler chicks on the test diets was compared with that of a corn-soy reference diet. Results on the chemical/nutritional composition of MOSM showed that the full-fat seeds contained (%) on proximate basis, reasonable concentration of 90.38 dry matter, 25.37 crude protein, 14.16 crude fat, 4.03 mineral matter, 30.64 crude fiber, 25.80 soluble carbohydrate and 5.79 kcal/g gross energy. Analyses also gave appreciable quantities of the water and fat soluble vitamins, macro - and micro-minerals. Feeding chicks with the seed meal at graded levels in diets resulted in decrease in feed intake and body weight gain as the inclusion level increased in diets relative to the conventional diet (p < 0.05). Reduction in feed consumption could be attributed to the full-fat nature of the seed meal used which might have imparted extra-caloric effect in the test diets and slowed digestion and absorption as the analyzed nutrients content of diets. A higher ether extract value on Moringa based diets relative to the control diet was obtained. Phytochemical composition of Moringa namely phenols including tannins, saponins, phytate, cyanogenic glucoside, glucosinolates and other numerous chemical constituents affected the body weight of the chicks negatively with increasing dietary MOSM. Decrease in weight gain following increase in dietary seed meal could also be due to decrease in feed intake as a result of the bitter taste of alkaloids, saponins, acting in concert with the other Moringa phytotoxins in test diets. Survival rate (100%) was not affected indicating that the level of highest inclusion in this study (7.50%) was not fatal to the experimental animal models. Further research is progressing to ascertain the highest inclusion level possible to elicit fatality and attempts to detoxify or treat the seed meal before feeding to animals.

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Pengaruh Penambahan Enzim Fitase Pada Ransum terhadap Berat Relatif Organ Pencernaan Ayam Broiler

Jurnal Agripet ◽

10.17969/agripet.v12i2.201 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

pp. 37-41

Author(s):

Meisji Liana Sari ◽

F. Gurki N Ginting

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Broiler Chickens ◽

Relative Weight ◽

Basal Diet ◽

The Body ◽

Poultry Feed ◽

Average Weight ◽

Final Body Weight ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Pancreas Weight

The effect of supplementation phytase enzyme into poultry feed on the relative weight of broiler's digestive organs ABSTRACT. The objective of this research was to know the effect of enzim phytase supplementation on relative organ digestion broiler. The research was done for weeks at Animal Fees and Nutrition, Faculty of Agriculture, Sriwijaya University in Mei to Juni 2008 utilized. A Completely Randomized Design with 6 treatments {P0 (100% basal diet), P1 (100% basal diet + 500 FTU/kg), P2 (100% basal diet + 600 FTU/kg), P3 (100% basal diet + 700 FTU/kg), P4 (100% basal diet + 800 FTU/kg),P5 (100% basal diet + 900 FTU/kg)}. Each treatments was replicated for 3 times. The parameters are final body weight, (%) proventrikulus, (%) relatif intestine, (%) pancreas and (%) liver weigh broiler chickens . The research showed that adding enzim phytase has join no significant effect (P0.05) on the body, liver, proventrikulus, ventrikulus weight, bur it showed significant effect on relative intestines and pancreas weight (P0.05) of broiler chickens . the average weight of body weight was 1117.50-1873.00 gram, proventrikulus was 0,44-0,64% ventrikulus was 1.30-2.32%, intestine was 2.74-4.39%, pancreas was 0,21-0,32% and liver was 2,35-3.01%.

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Effect of Dietary Acidifier on Growth, Mortality, Post-Slaughter Parameters and Meat Composition of Broiler Chickens / Wpływ zakwaszacza diety na masę ciała, śmiertelność, wydajność rzeźną i skład mięsa kurcząt rzeźnych

Annals of Animal Science ◽

10.2478/v10220-012-0061-z ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 13 (1) ◽

pp. 85-96 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Franciszek Brzóska ◽

Bogdan Śliwiński ◽

Olga Michalik-Rutkowska

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Blood Plasma ◽

Broiler Chickens ◽

Relative Weight ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

Carcass Weight ◽

Feed Consumption ◽

Control Group ◽

Feed Conversion ◽

Leg Muscles

Abstract An experiment with 608 broiler chickens was conducted to investigate the effect of dietary acidifier level on body weight, feed consumption and conversion, mortality, dressing percentage, postmortem carcass traits, tissue composition of breast and leg muscles, and plasma chemical parameters. Feeding the acidifier to chickens at 3, 6 and 9 g/kg of the diet reduced the pH of starter and grower diets from 6.90 to 5.89, and from 6.28 to 5.73, respectively. Compared to the control group, dietary acidification significantly increased body weight of chickens by 6.2, 8.2 and 8.2% at 21 days of age, and by 2.7, 3.6 and 3.7% at 42 days of age, respectively (P<0.01). Mortality decreased from 2.58% in the control group to 0.00-0.59% in the experimental groups (P<0.01). Acidification of the diets increased EEI-index from 327 (control group) to 348 points in the experimental group supplemented with 9% (9 g/kg) acidifier, but had no significant effect on feed consumption and feed conversion ratio among treatments. The relative weight of breast and leg muscles, gizzard, liver and carcass depot fat was not affected by dietary treatments. Breast muscles represented 27.7% (control group) and 27.9% (experimental groups) of the carcass weight. Leg muscles made up 21.5% and 20.7% of the carcass weight, respectively. There were no significant differences in chemical composition of breast and leg muscles, including dry matter, protein and fat content. No significant differences between the control and experimental chickens were noted for determined blood plasma constituents, glucose, total protein, triglycerides, total cholesterol and high density lipoprotein. The results suggested that organic acid acidifier used in this experiment at the rates of 3 to 9 g/kg diet has a growth enhancing and mortality reducing effect in broiler chickens, with no significant influence on carcass yield, proportion of individual carcass parts and blood plasma constituents. It seems that the amount of 6g of the applied acidifier per kilogram of feed may be recommended as the optimum dietary level if protein in the diet does not exceed 200-230 g crude protein per kilogram of diet.

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The effect of an herb mixture supplement on the performance of milking sheep during the winter feeding period

Roczniki Naukowe Polskiego Towarzystwa Zootechnicznego ◽

10.5604/01.3001.0013.5421 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 12 (3) ◽

pp. 9-18

Author(s):

Anna Jarzynowska ◽

Bronisław Borys

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Chemical Composition ◽

The Body ◽

Feed Consumption ◽

Feed Mixture ◽

Group Iii ◽

Group I ◽

Milk Performance ◽

Daily Milk Yield ◽

Daily Milk

An experiment was conducted on 75 coloured Polish Merino ewes, milked from February to April. The ewes were housed indoors and fed on dried or ensiled bulky feed and a concentrate feed mixture. Three feeding groups were formed: group I – the control, with no herbs added to the concentrate feed, and groups II and III, in which an herb mixture was added (in place of wheat bran) to the concentrate feed in the amount of 10 or 20 g/sheep/day. The study analysed the effect of the herb supplement on the level of feed consumption, the body weight and body condition of the sheep, their milk performance, and the chemical composition of the milk. Better intake of bulky feed was noted in the experimental groups. The herb mixture was not found to influence the body weight and condition of the sheep or the basic chemical composition of the milk. The sheep that received the herb mixture exhibited better lactation persistency and higher daily milk yield, which led to greater milk production over the entire milking period, by 10.9% in group II and 20.4% in group III. These results, however, were not confirmed statistically due to high variation within groups.

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Nanosilver effects on growth parameters in experimental aflatoxicosis in broiler chickens

Toxicology and Industrial Health ◽

10.1177/0748233711425078 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 29 (2) ◽

pp. 121-125 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Majid Gholami-Ahangaran ◽

Noosha Zia-Jahromi

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Broiler Chickens ◽

Growth Parameters ◽

Body Weight Gain ◽

Basal Diet ◽

Diet Group ◽

Feed Consumption ◽

Economic Losses ◽

Broiler Chicks ◽

Performance Indices

Aflatoxicosis is a cause of economic losses in broiler production. In this study, the effect of one commercial nanocompound, Nanocid (Nano Nasb Pars Co., Iran) was evaluated in reduction of aflatoxin effects on the growth and performance indices in broiler chickens suffering from experimental aflatoxicosis. For this, a total of 300 one-day-old broiler chicks (Ross strain) were randomly divided into 4 groups with 3 replicates of 15 chicks in each separated pen during the 28-day experiment. Treatment groups including group A: chickens fed basal diet, group B: chickens fed 3 ppm productive aflatoxin in basal diet, group C: chickens fed basal diet plus 2500 ppm Nanocid, and group D: chickens fed 3 ppm productive aflatoxin and 2500 ppm Nanocid, in basal diet. Data on body weight, body weight gain (BWG), feed intake, and feed conversion ratio (FCR) were recorded at weekly intervals. Also cumulative data were assessed. Results showed, although supplement of Nanocid to conventional diet had no effect on performance but addition of Nanocid to diet containing 3 ppm aflatoxin increased significantly the cumulative BWG, cumulative feed consumption and decreased FCR in the last 2 weeks of experimental period. The improvement in these performance indices by supplement of Nanocid to diet containing aflatoxin showed the ability of Nanocid to diminish the inhibitory effects of aflatoxin.

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Influence of oregano added to diets on performance, selected organs as well as morphometric traits and pH of digestive tract of broiler chickens

Medycyna Weterynaryjna ◽

10.21521/mw.5820 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 73 (12) ◽

pp. 781-785

Author(s):

Stanisław Laskowski ◽

Teresa Banaszkiewicz ◽

Anna Milczarek

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Gastrointestinal Tract ◽

Digestive Tract ◽

Feed Efficiency ◽

Broiler Chickens ◽

Control Diet ◽

The Body ◽

Feed Consumption ◽

Control Group ◽

Soybean Diet

The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of the addition of dried oregano from different regions of the world to diets on the production results, selected organs, as well as the morphometric characteristics and pH of the gastrointestinal tract of broiler chickens. The research feedstuff was dried oregano from Poland, Turkey and Egypt and diets containing these herbs. The oregano from Poland, Turkey and Egypt was added to a wheat-corn-soybean diet in an amount of 2%. The experiment was carried out on 168 broilers Ross 308, 84 males and 84 females, randomly divided into 4 groups of 42 birds each. In this experiment, four diets for the starter period (from 1 to 21 days of age) and four for the grower period (from 22 to 42 days of age) were prepared. The control group (K) were fed a wheat-corn-soybean diet without oregano, whereas chickens from the experimental groups were fed diets with oregano from Poland (OP group), Turkey (OT group) or Egypt (OE group). During the experiment, the body weight at 1, 2, and 42 days of age, feed consumption and mortality were recorded. At 42 days of age, after 14 hours of fasting, the birds were killed and from the body of 32 chickens (8 chickens from each group) the digestive tract, heart, liver, pancreas and spleen were prepared and weighed. The gastrointestinal tract was divided into sections, and their weight and length were measured. Then, in particular segments of the gastrointestinal tract, pH values were determined. The body weight of chickens determined at 21 and 42 days of age were not significantly different between the groups. Significant differences between the groups were noted in feed efficiency during the grower period. The diet containing oregano from Turkey was utilized significantly better than the control diet. Significant differences in the pH of the glandular stomach and caecum were found. Compared with pH in the control group, pH in the glandular stomachs of chickens fed diets containing dried oregano from Egypt was significantly decreased, whereas pH in the caecum of chickens from the OT group was increased. In comparison with the control group, chickens from the groups fed diets containing oregano (except the OP group) had a significantly shorter ileum and larger intestines, and chickens fed a diet with oregano from Turkey had a smaller spleen and gizzard. The results obtained show that the chemical composition of dried oregano from different regions was differential. The addition of 2% of dried oregano to the wheat-corn-soybean diet had no significant influence on the body weight of chickens, but decreased their mortality. Oregano from Turkey added to the wheat-corn-soybean diet improved the feed efficiency in the second period of rearing. These results show that oregano may be a potentially effective supplement for broiler chickens, and the most effective was the oregano from Turkey....

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Influence of dietary organic acid blend supplementation and interaction with delayed feed access after hatch on broiler growth performance and intestinal health

Veterinární Medicína ◽

10.17221/6363-vetmed ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 57 (No. 10) ◽

pp. 515-528 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

O. Cengiz ◽

BH Koksal ◽

O. Tatli ◽

O. Sevim ◽

H. Avci ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Organic Acid ◽

Growth Performance ◽

Broiler Chickens ◽

Management Practice ◽

Relative Weight ◽

The Body ◽

Feed Consumption ◽

Broiler Chicks ◽

Growth Depression

A trial was conducted to investigate the effects of a dietary organic acid blend for a period of 35 days on the growth performance, intestinal histomorphology and microflora of male broiler chicks with delayed access to feed. One hundred and ninety two one day old broiler chicks (ROSS 308) were randomly distributed into 4 groups housed in four replicate pens with 12 birds in each. A 2 × 2 factorial design was implemented. Four experimental groups were formed by two levels of dietary organic acid blend supplementation (Control and Fysal Dry®) and two periods of delayed feed access (0 and 36 h). At 36 h after hatching body weight and body weight change of chicks were significantly (P < 0.001) lower than groups fed immediately after hatching. Delayed feed access had an adverse impact (P < 0.001) on the body weight and feed consumption of broiler chickens on days 14 and 28. Between the days 28 and 35 of the feeding period, these differences disappeared. The relative weight of gizzard (P < 0.05), pancreas (P < 0.01) on day 6 and intestine (P < 0.05) on day 10, and gizzard (P < 0.01) on day 10 were reduced in birds subjected to delayed feed access. Dietary organic acid blend inclusion increased villus length (P < 0.001), whereas delayed feed access decreased villus length (P < 0.05) and increased the incidence of epithelial degeneration and basal membrane separation of the propria mucosa of villus in the jejenum. A significant decrease in Enterobacteriaceae count (P < 0.01) was noted in organic acid blend supplemented groups on day 25. Pectoral muscle malondialdehyde levels were decreased (P < 0.01) with dietary organic acid blend supplementation at day 10. Delayed feed access significantly increased (P < 0.05) the heterophil:lymphocyte ratio at day 6. Overall, dietary organic acid blend supplementation helped broiler chicks to develop a healthier intestinal microflora and this may, in turn, inhibit the delayed feed access-induced increase in malondialdehyde in the early growing period. However, the inclusion of organic acid blend to broiler diets may not be a protective management practice in preventing delayed feed access-related growth depression of broiler chickens.

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The Role ofSauropus androgynus(L.) Merr. Leaf Powder in the Broiler Chickens Fed a Diet Naturally Contaminated with Aflatoxin

Journal of Toxicology ◽

10.1155/2018/2069073 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2018 ◽

pp. 1-18 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Yos Adi Prakoso ◽

Puspitasari ◽

Chylen Setiyo Rini ◽

Andika Aliviameita ◽

Siti Isrina Oktavia Salasia ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Broiler Chickens ◽

Haemagglutination Inhibition ◽

Relative Weight ◽

Basal Diet ◽

The Body ◽

Bursa Of Fabricius ◽

Group I ◽

Haematological Profile ◽

Leaf Powder

Aflatoxin (AF) is the secondary metabolite ofAspergillus flavusand commonly contaminates feed during storage. AF causes lowered growth rate, stress, and increased mortality in the poultry, especially for broiler industries. The aims of this study are to determine the effects ofSauropus androgynus(L.) Merr. leaf powder (SAP) in the chickens fed a diet naturally contaminated with AF. A total of 108 chickens are divided into 6 group: group I fed with basal diet (AF not detectable); group II fed with basal diet (AF not detectable) + 5% SAP; group III with AF (>1 ppb <50 ppb); group IV with AF (>1 ppb <50 ppb) + 5% SAP; group V with AF (>51 ppb <100 ppb) + 5% SAP; group VI with AF (>101 ppb <150 ppb) + 5% SAP. The data of the body weight, feed intake and efficiency, the relative weight of liver, kidney, spleen, bursa of Fabricius (BF), histopathology, haematological profile, haemagglutination inhibition (HI) titer, AF residue, and immunohistochemistry are collected on days 7, 14, and 21. All the data were analysed using SPSS 16. The supplementation of 5% SAP in the chickens fed a diet naturally contaminated with AF showed the potential effects of the body weight performance, haematological profile protection, increase in the cellular and humoral immune responses, reduction of AF residue in the organ, protection of liver, kidney, spleen, and BF histopathology, and increase in the immune-expression of CD4+/CD8+ lymphocytes ratio (P < 0.05). It shows that 5% SAP can be used as the alternative herbal supplementation to depress the impacts of aflatoxicosis in the broiler chickens.

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PENGARUH PEMBERIAN PAKAN PENGISI PADA AYAM BROILER UMUR 22-28 HARI TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN, DAN KANDUNGAN LEMAK KARKAS DAN DAGING

Buletin Peternakan ◽

10.21059/buletinpeternak.v35i1.589 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 35 (1) ◽

pp. 38

Author(s):

Tri Rumiyani ◽

Wihandoyo (Wihandoyo) ◽

Jafendi Hasoloan Purba Sidadolog

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Significant Influence ◽

Broiler Chickens ◽

Abdominal Fat ◽

The Body ◽

Feed Consumption ◽

Feed Conversion ◽

Corn Bran ◽

Mineral Data ◽

Plot Design

The experiment was conducted to study the effect of stuff feeding given during 22 to 28 days of ages on growth, meat fat and abdominal fat of broiler. Ninety broiler males (J) and 90 broiler females (B) were divided into 6 treatments groups with 3 replications of 10 broiler chickens each. The treatment were control (K) chicken which was fed with commercial diets from DOC to 42 days of age, DJ and P chickens were fed with corn bran (DJ) or pollard (P) from 22 to 28 days and continued with commercial feeding until 42 days. Feeds for DJ and P treatment was supplemented with B-12 mineral. Data collected were body weight, feed consumption, feed conversion, carcass weight, meat as well as abdominal fat. The data were analyzed by analysis split-plot design (3 feed treatments, 2 sex treatments and 3 phases) and then were tested by DMRT. The results showed that the feed treatments (K, DJ, and P) significantly affected (P<0.05) the body weight (1583, 1289, and 1213 g), feed consumption (1180, 1051, and 1035 g), feed conversion (1.67; 2.62; and -1.89), percentage of abdominal fat (1.80, 2.03, and 1.29%). Sex (J and B) significantly influenced (P<0.05) on body weight, feed conversion, percentage of abdominal fat, but feed consumption, percentage of carcass, meat fat, had no significant differences. The interaction of sex and feed showed significant influence (P<0.05) on meat fat at 22 day of ages. The interaction of feed, sex, and phase had significant influence (P<0.05) on body weight and feed consumption. It could be concluded that stuff feeding decreased body weight, feed consumption, percentage of abdominal fat, but increased feed conversion and meat fat. (Key words: Broiler chicken, Sex, Feed stuff, Broiler Starter, Corn bran, Pollard)

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