scholarly journals The Role ofSauropus androgynus(L.) Merr. Leaf Powder in the Broiler Chickens Fed a Diet Naturally Contaminated with Aflatoxin

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yos Adi Prakoso ◽  
Puspitasari ◽  
Chylen Setiyo Rini ◽  
Andika Aliviameita ◽  
Siti Isrina Oktavia Salasia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Haemagglutination Inhibition ◽  
Relative Weight ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
The Body ◽  
Bursa Of Fabricius ◽  
Group I ◽  
Haematological Profile ◽  
Leaf Powder

Aflatoxin (AF) is the secondary metabolite ofAspergillus flavusand commonly contaminates feed during storage. AF causes lowered growth rate, stress, and increased mortality in the poultry, especially for broiler industries. The aims of this study are to determine the effects ofSauropus androgynus(L.) Merr. leaf powder (SAP) in the chickens fed a diet naturally contaminated with AF. A total of 108 chickens are divided into 6 group: group I fed with basal diet (AF not detectable); group II fed with basal diet (AF not detectable) + 5% SAP; group III with AF (>1 ppb <50 ppb); group IV with AF (>1 ppb <50 ppb) + 5% SAP; group V with AF (>51 ppb <100 ppb) + 5% SAP; group VI with AF (>101 ppb <150 ppb) + 5% SAP. The data of the body weight, feed intake and efficiency, the relative weight of liver, kidney, spleen, bursa of Fabricius (BF), histopathology, haematological profile, haemagglutination inhibition (HI) titer, AF residue, and immunohistochemistry are collected on days 7, 14, and 21. All the data were analysed using SPSS 16. The supplementation of 5% SAP in the chickens fed a diet naturally contaminated with AF showed the potential effects of the body weight performance, haematological profile protection, increase in the cellular and humoral immune responses, reduction of AF residue in the organ, protection of liver, kidney, spleen, and BF histopathology, and increase in the immune-expression of CD4+/CD8+ lymphocytes ratio (P < 0.05). It shows that 5% SAP can be used as the alternative herbal supplementation to depress the impacts of aflatoxicosis in the broiler chickens.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Penambahan Enzim Fitase Pada Ransum terhadap Berat Relatif Organ Pencernaan Ayam Broiler

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 37-41
Author(s):  
Meisji Liana Sari ◽  
F. Gurki N Ginting
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Relative Weight ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
The Body ◽  
Poultry Feed ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Final Body Weight ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Pancreas Weight

The effect of supplementation phytase enzyme into poultry feed on the relative weight of broiler's digestive organs ABSTRACT. The objective of this research was to know the effect of enzim phytase supplementation on relative organ digestion broiler. The research was done for weeks at Animal Fees and Nutrition, Faculty of Agriculture, Sriwijaya University in Mei to Juni 2008 utilized. A Completely Randomized Design with 6 treatments {P0 (100% basal diet), P1 (100% basal diet + 500 FTU/kg), P2 (100% basal diet + 600 FTU/kg), P3 (100% basal diet + 700 FTU/kg), P4 (100% basal diet + 800 FTU/kg),P5 (100% basal diet + 900 FTU/kg)}. Each treatments was replicated for 3 times. The parameters are final body weight, (%) proventrikulus, (%) relatif intestine, (%) pancreas and (%) liver weigh broiler chickens . The research showed that adding enzim phytase has join no significant effect (P0.05) on the body, liver, proventrikulus, ventrikulus weight, bur it showed significant effect on relative intestines and pancreas weight (P0.05) of broiler chickens . the average weight of body weight was 1117.50-1873.00 gram, proventrikulus was 0,44-0,64% ventrikulus was 1.30-2.32%, intestine was 2.74-4.39%, pancreas was 0,21-0,32% and liver was 2,35-3.01%.

scholarly journals The nutritive value of extruded corn in nutrition of broiler chickens

2011 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 1733-1740 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.B. Ljubojevic ◽  
N. Milosevic ◽  
S. Bjedov ◽  
V. Stanacev
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Extrusion Process ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Final Body Weight ◽  
Group I ◽  
Entire Amount ◽  
Production Effects

In poultry farming is increasing effort to increasing profitability and decreasing of feed cost. Behind the components that are part of the mixture, the most of cost makes processing of nutrients. Extrusion is process which is increasingly used in order to enhance the quality of different feed for poultry. The aim of this research was comparative testing of nutritional value of extruded and nonextruded corn in nutrition of broiler chicken. The experiment was conducted under experimental growing conditions, in duration of 42 days. The following parameters were measured: growth, feed intake and vitality of broilers. The experiment was divided into two groups of chickens hybrid Ross-308, which were grown separately by sex with 8 replication. The first group was fed standard pelleted mixtures for growing chickens, in which the entire amount of corn in the mixture was extruded, and the second, control group was fed the same food in which corn was not extruded. In the second week of rearing the body weight was 437 g in both groups. In 4th week of age the average body weight was 1439g in group I, and 1419 in group II. For the first group conversion was 1,69 and for the second it was 1,71. The final body weight amounted 2595g for the first group and 2609 for the control group. In the first group conversion was 1,91, mortality 4,39% and the production index had a value of 309, and in the second 1,92; 4,56% and 306. In this study excellent production effects were achieved, so it was not expected that extrusion could achieve better production effects. These results showed that extrusion process does not always give the expected effects.

scholarly journals The influence of baical skullcap root (Scutellaria baicalensis radix) in the diet of broiler chickens on the chemical composition of the muscles, selected performance traits of the animals and the sensory characteristics of the meat

2008 ◽  
Vol 53 (No. 7) ◽  
pp. 373-380 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Kroliczewska ◽  
W. Zawadzki ◽  
T. Skiba ◽  
W. Kopec ◽  
J. Kroliczewski
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
The Body ◽  
Scutellaria Baicalensis ◽  
Sensory Characteristics ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Leg Muscles ◽  
Diet Control

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the baical skullcap root (<I>Scutellaria baicalensis radix</I>) on the performance, chemical composition of the muscles and sensory characteristics of the meat of broiler chickens. 120 one-day old Hubbard Hi-Y broiler hybrids were assigned to four groups of 30 each and fed either a basal diet (control) or a basal diet supplemented with 0.5%, 1.0% or 1.5% ground root of skullcap. The body weight, weight gain, feed consumption and feed : gain ratio were calculated after 42 days. The addition of the ground baical skullcap root to the fodder had no effect on the quality or chemical composition of the breast and leg muscles of the broiler chickens. However, it positively influenced some of the performance characteristics of the chickens.

scholarly journals  Influence of dietary organic acid blend supplementation and interaction with delayed feed access after hatch on broiler growth performance and intestinal health

2012 ◽  
Vol 57 (No. 10) ◽  
pp. 515-528 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Cengiz ◽  
BH Koksal ◽  
O. Tatli ◽  
O. Sevim ◽  
H. Avci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Organic Acid ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Management Practice ◽  
Relative Weight ◽  
The Body ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Growth Depression

&nbsp;A trial was conducted to investigate the effects of a dietary organic acid blend for a period of 35&nbsp;days on the growth performance, intestinal histomorphology and microflora of male broiler chicks with delayed access to feed. One hundred and ninety two one day old broiler chicks (ROSS 308) were randomly distributed into 4 groups housed in four replicate pens with 12 birds in each. A 2 &times; 2 factorial design was implemented. Four experimental groups were formed by two levels of dietary organic acid blend supplementation (Control and Fysal Dry<sup>&reg;</sup>) and two periods of delayed feed access (0 and 36 h). At 36 h after hatching body weight and body weight change of chicks were significantly (P &lt; 0.001) lower than groups fed immediately after hatching. Delayed feed access had an adverse impact (P &lt; 0.001) on the body weight and feed consumption of broiler chickens on days 14 and 28. Between the days 28 and 35 of the feeding period, these differences disappeared. The relative weight of gizzard (P &lt; 0.05), pancreas (P &lt; 0.01) on day 6 and intestine (P &lt; 0.05) on day 10, and gizzard (P &lt; 0.01) on day 10 were reduced in birds subjected to delayed feed access. Dietary organic acid blend inclusion increased villus length (P&nbsp;&lt;&nbsp;0.001), whereas delayed feed access decreased villus length (P &lt; 0.05) and increased the incidence of epithelial degeneration and basal membrane separation of the propria mucosa of villus in the jejenum. A significant decrease in Enterobacteriaceae count (P &lt; 0.01) was noted in organic acid blend supplemented groups on day 25. Pectoral muscle malondialdehyde levels were decreased (P &lt; 0.01) with dietary organic acid blend supplementation at day&nbsp;10. Delayed feed access significantly increased (P &lt; 0.05) the heterophil:lymphocyte ratio at day 6. Overall, dietary organic acid blend supplementation helped broiler chicks to develop a healthier intestinal microflora and this may, in turn, inhibit the delayed feed access-induced increase in malondialdehyde in the early growing period. However, the inclusion of organic acid blend to broiler diets may not be a protective management practice in preventing delayed feed access-related growth depression of broiler chickens. &nbsp; &nbsp;

scholarly journals The effect of purslane hydroextract and zinc on performance, antioxidant capacity and immunity of broiler chickens during summer conditions

2018 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
pp. 365-371
Author(s):  
Rojin Kazemi ◽  
Ardashir Sheikhahmadi ◽  
Ghorbanali Sadeghi
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
The Body ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Butylated Hydroxytoluene ◽  
Lactate Dehydrogenase Activity

Abstract. Due to negative effects of high ambient temperature, the present study was conducted to investigate the effects of Portulaca oleracea hydroextract (PHE) and zinc (Zn) on the growth performance and immunity of broiler chickens reared under high summer ambient temperature conditions. A total of 420 day-old male broiler chickens (Ross 308) were randomly allocated to seven dietary treatments each replicated four times with 15 birds per replicate. The basal diet as the control diet was supplemented with 100 mg kg−1 butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), or 300 and 600 mg kg−1 of PHE, 100 mg kg−1 of zinc and 100 mg kg−1 of zinc plus 300 or 600 mg kg−1 of PHE (ZP300 and ZP600). The result of the present study showed that Zn, PHE and their combination did not alter daily feed intake and feed conversion ratio. Although there was a tendency toward an increase in broiler body weight at 24 and 44 days of age (P=0.059 and P=0.061), the body weight of birds fed the basal diet supplemented with Zn reduced at day 10. The birds fed diets supplemented with BHT or ZP600 showed lower aspartate aminotransferase (ASAT) and lactate dehydrogenase activity at 24 days of age (P<0.05), but it remains lower in the ZP600 group only for ASAT activity level at day 44. The results of the present study suggest that dietary PHE and Zn supplementation partially improved body weight and serum antioxidant capacity, superoxide dismutase activity and antibody titer against sheep red blood cells and Newcastle diseases in the broiler chickens during summer conditions.

scholarly journals The effect of a formulation based on maduramycin and nicarbazine on rats and broiler chickens in a subacute experiment

2021 ◽  
pp. 41-48
Author(s):  
Roman Dotsenko ◽  
Maryna Romanko ◽  
Yevheniia Vashchyk ◽  
Andriy Zakhariev ◽  
Andrii Zemlianskyi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
The Body ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
White Rats ◽  
Group I ◽  
Hematological And Biochemical Parameters

The aim: to determine the effect of a preparative form of an antiemeric agent based on maduramycin and nicarbazine on the body of white rats and broiler chickens under the conditions of a subacute experiment. Materials and methods. The formulation based on maduramycin and nicarbazine was administered to rats and broiler chickens with feed for 28 days. One control and three experimental groups were formed for the experiment: Group I – animals received a complete diet without admixture of the formulation (control group), Group II – animals that were administered the formulation (by the amount of active substances) at a dose of 5.0 mg / kg, III – 25.0 mg / kg and IV – 50.0 mg / kg of feed, respectively. In order to establish the toxic effect of the formulation on the body of experimental birds on 7, 14, 28 days of the experiment and 7 days after discontinuation of the formulation, 5 heads from each group were killed under light ether anesthesia, blood samples were taken for hematological and biochemical studies. Results. During the study of the general clinical condition of rats and broiler chickens of the experimental groups, no significant changes in behavior and appearance were detected, compared with the control. Hematological parameters of broiler chickens it was found that the receipt of the formulation with feed at doses of 5, 25 and 50 mg/kg body weight, causes a decrease in hemoglobin and an increase in hematocrit in broiler chickens on day 7 of the experiment. It was found that the changes are reversible, on the 28th day of the experiment the value of these indicators was within the physiological norm. In the study of hematological and biochemical parameters of rats, it was found that the receipt of the formulation with food in doses of 25.0 and 50.0 mg/kg for 28 days, causes a decrease in hemoglobin and increase hematocrit, total protein, albumin, creatinine and urea in male rats on the 7th day of the experiment. Conclusions. Under conditions of repeated oral administration of the preparation mixture to rats and poultry at doses of 5, 25 and 50 mg/kg body weight in the absence of clinical signs of poisoning, insignificant fluctuations in hematological and biochemical parameters were identified

scholarly journals THE EFFECTS OF IBD FIBROGUM-BOVAC VACCINE AND A COMMERCIAL VACCINE ON THE BODY WEIGHT BURSAL WEIGHT AND DEVELOPMENT OF ANTIBODIES IN BROILERS

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 102-106
Author(s):  
E. N. OKEKE ◽  
C. CHOJI ◽  
M.C. NJIKE
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Chicken Embryo Fibroblast ◽  
Relative Weight ◽  
The Body ◽  
Bursa Of Fabricius ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Commercial Vaccine ◽  
Bursal Disease ◽  
Unvaccinated Control ◽  
Relative Weight Loss

A CHICKEN embryo-fibroblast (CEF) cell culture-adapted infectious bursal disease vaccine (Fibrogumbovac) and a commercial vaccine were studied for their effects on the rate of growth, bursal atrophy and the attainment of antibody level in 450 broilers.  No appreciable difference in weight was observed in vaccinated birds when compared with unvaccinated control birds. The birds were vaccinated at the age of 4 week and at 9 week of age the average weights for birds vaccinated with IBD Fibrogum-bovac, the commercial vaccine and unvaccinated controls were respectively 1.949, 2.014 and 1,900kg. The vaccinated birds did not gain weight as rapidly as the controls between the 9th and 14th week (Table 1). The relative weight loss per week for the last five weeks (10th to 14th week) averaged 0.7 per cent for the IBD Fibrogumbovac vaccinated birds as compared with control birds.  The highest antibody levels recorded in vaccinated birds at the end of two weeks were 1:1024 for Fibrogumbovac, and 1:16 for the commercial vaccine. On the third day after vaccination when the bursa of Fabricius was expected to be largest the average weight of the buçsa of 5 birds was found to be 0.250, 0.135 and 0.245 per cent of body weight respectively for birds vaccinated with IBD Fibrogun-bovac vaccine, the commercial vaccine, and unvaccinated controls.

scholarly journals Growth Performance, Serum Biochemical Indices, Duodenal Histomorphology, and Cecal Microbiota of Broiler Chickens Fed on Diets Supplemented with Cinnamon Bark Powder at Prestarter and Starter Phases

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 94
Author(s):  
Mohammed M. Qaid ◽  
Saud I. Al-Mufarrej ◽  
Mahmoud M. Azzam ◽  
Maged A. Al-Garadi ◽  
Hani H. Albaadani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Serum Globulin ◽  
Maximum Improvement

Ross 308 broiler chicks (n = 240) aged 1 day were assigned to five groups for eight replicates (six chicks for each) (3♂ and 3♀). Basal dietary groups were supplemented by 2000, 4000, and 6000 mg/kg cinnamon (CN) for 21 days. Basal diet alone was used as a negative control, and basal antibiotic diet (Colimox) was used as a positive control. At 10, 14, and 21 days of age, chicks that received 2000 mg CN and Colimox had a higher body weight, resulting in an increase in body weight gain. CN also resulted in the maximum improvement in the feed conversion ratio and feed efficiency over 1–21 days at the level of 2000 mg/kg. At days 10, the maximum relative breast weight was 2000 mg/kg of CN. Mean serum albumin concentrations, duodenal villus height, and goblet cell density increased (p < 0.05) by 2000 mg/kg of CN, and mean serum globulin and total protein concentrations and crypt depth increased (p < 0.05) by 6000 mg/kg of CN compared with control. Increased cecal Escherichia coli number was CN dose-dependent. In conclusion, dietary inclusion of 2000 mg/kg CN can be applied as an alternative to in-feed antibiotics for broiler starter diet.

scholarly journals Optical Characterization of Alternaria spp. Contaminated Wheat Grain and Its Influence in Early Broilers Nutrition on Oxidative Stress

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 4005
Author(s):  
Nikola Puvača ◽  
Snežana Tanasković ◽  
Vojislava Bursić ◽  
Aleksandra Petrović ◽  
Jordan Merkuri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Wheat Grain ◽  
Color Properties ◽  
Dietary Treatments

The aim of this research was the visual characterization and investigating the effects of Alternaria spp. contaminated wheat grains in the starter stage of broilers nutrition on productive parameters and oxidative stress. The research was divided into two phases. Bunches of wheat in post-harvest period of year 2020 was collected from a various locality in Serbia and Albania. In the first phase, collected samples were visual characterized by Alternaria spp. presence by color measurement methods. Gained results are conferred in the range of the color properties of grain color properties of Alternaria toxins. Wheat grain samples were significantly different (p < 0.05) in terms of all measured color parameters (L*, a*, b*). Classification of field fungi in analyzed wheat grain samples showed that the significant field fungi were Rhizopus spp., followed by Alternaria spp., and Fusarium spp. In the second phase, biological tests with chickens were carried out during the broiler chickens’ dietary starter period in the first 14th days of age. At the beginning of the experiment, a total of 180-day-old Ross 308 strain broilers were equally distributed into three dietary treatments, with four replicates each. Dietary treatments in the experiments were as follows: basal diet without visual contamination of Alternaria spp. with 25% wheat (A1), a basal diet with visual contamination of Alternaria spp. with 25% wheat from Serbia (A2), basal diet with visual contamination of Alternaria spp. with 25% wheat from Albania (A3). The trial with chickens lasted for 14 days. After the first experimental week, wheat infected with Alternaria spp. in treatment A2 and A3 expressed adverse effects. The highest body weight of chickens of 140.40 g was recorded in broilers on control treatment A1 with statistically significant differences (p < 0.05) compared to treatments A2 (137.32 g) and A3 (135.35 g). At the end of the second week of test period, a statistically significant (p < 0.05) difference in body weight of broiler chickens could be noticed. The highest body weight of 352.68 g was recorded in control treatment A1, with statistically significant differences compared to other Alternaria spp. treatments. The lowest body weight of chickens was recorded in treatment A3 (335.93 g). Results of feed consumption and feed conversion ratio showed some numerical differences between treatments but without any statistically significant differences (p > 0.05). Alternaria spp. contaminated diet increased glutathione (GSH), glutathione reductase (GR), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and decreased peroxidase (POD) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) serum levels, respectively. Built on the achieved results, it can be concluded that the wheat contaminated with Alternaria spp. in broilers nutrition negatively affected growth, decreased oxidative protection and interrupted chicken welfare in the first period of life.

scholarly journals Comparison between Vinorelbine–Carboplatin and Vinorelbine–Cisplatin in Stage III–IV EGFR Mutations-Negative NSCLC

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laksmi Wulandari ◽  
Gatot Soegiarto ◽  
Anna Febriani ◽  
Farah Fatmawati ◽  
Wirya Sastra Amran
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Evaluation Criteria ◽  
Growth Factor Receptor ◽  
The Body ◽  
Stage Iii ◽  
Egfr Mutations ◽  
Group I ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group Ii

Abstract Introduction There are a substantial number of lung cancer patients with negative mutations in Indonesia. This type of cancer is deemed to be the major contributor of lung cancer patient’s death. However, reseaerch related to therapy using vinorelbine combined with platinum-based compounds is still scarce in Indonesia. The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy and tolerability between vinorelbine and carboplatin with vinorelbin and cisplatin in stage III-IV epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations-negative non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods The participants were divided into two groups—group I(vinorelbine–carboplatin) and group II (vinorelbine–cisplatin). The participants were assessed based on several measurement criteria. Not only Eq-5D was performed, but the body weight and response evaluation criteria for solid tumors (RECIST) were also examined. The participants received chemotherapy for four cycles (1 cycle = 21 days). Results The quality of life was considered stable in 60% of group I and 60% of group II (p=0.255). In both groups, 46.67% of participants had an increased body weight, while the other 20.00% was stable (p = 1.000). In terms of RECIST evaluation after the second cycle, 80.00% of group I and 86.67% of group II were considered to have a stable disease, with 20% of group I and none of group II had partial response (p = 0.027). However, after the fourth cycle, there were no significant difference between the groups (p = 0.734). Conclusion In EGFR mutation-negative NSCLC patients, the combination of vinorelbine and carboplatin showed comparable outcomes to vinorelbine and cisplatin chemotherapy with no significant differences.

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