scholarly journals  Effect of herbal extracts on piglet performance and small intestinal epithelial villi

2012 ◽  
Vol 57 (No. 9) ◽  
pp. 420-429 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Hanczakowska ◽  
M. Swiatkiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Acid Content ◽  
Fatty Acid Content ◽  
Morphological Structure ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Herbal Extract ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Herbal Extracts ◽  
Indicator Method ◽  
Group I ◽  
Significant Difference

The effect of a mixture of herbal extracts on piglet performance was estimated on 178 piglets allocated to 3 groups comprising 6 litters each. Group I (control) was fed with the standard barley-wheat-soybean mixture. Group II received the same mixture supplemented with a blend of formic and propionic acids. Group III received the basal diet supplemented with a mixture of water extracts from sage, lemon balm, nettle and coneflower (20, 30, 30, and 20%, respectively) at 500 mg/kg feed. The experiment lasted for 84 days but on day 56 six piglets from each group were slaughtered and their gastrointestinal tract was removed. Apparent digestibility was estimated using the Cr<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> indicator method. Acidity of digesta was measured in the stomach, ileum, and caecum, and volatile fatty acid content was evaluated in the ileum and caecum. Amounts of bacteria and morphological structure were evaluated in the ileal digesta and epithelium, respectively. In the experimental groups less dead and culled piglets were observed than in the control group. Piglets in the herb-supplemented group grew faster than control animals and showed significantly higher final average body weights. There was no significant difference in feed utilization. Acetic acid content was higher in both groups receiving supplements. The amount of propionic acid in the caecum of animals from the herb-supplemented group was lower than in animals from groups I and II. There were no significant differences in bacteria population in ileum chyme. The herbal extract improved the structure of the ileal epithelium by significantly increasing villus height. Better digestibility of nutrients could be due to higher villi in this group. &nbsp;

scholarly journals Herbal Extract Mixture Modulates Intestinal Antioxidative Capacity and Microbiota in Weaning Piglets

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meiwei Wang ◽  
Huijun Huang ◽  
Lei Wang ◽  
Huansheng Yang ◽  
Shengwen He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Herbal Extract ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Herbal Extracts ◽  
Initial Body Weight ◽  
Codonopsis Pilosula ◽  
Colonic Microbiota ◽  
Weaning Piglets

Recently, herbal extracts have been applied in multiple aspects, such as medicine and animal feed. Different compositions of herbal extract mixture (HEM) have various components and diverse functions. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of HEM (Lonicera japonica, Astragalus membranaceus, Eucommia folium, and Codonopsis pilosula) on intestinal antioxidant capacity and colonic microbiota in weaned pigs. A total of 18 piglets [Duroc × (Landrace × Yorkshire)] with the initial body weight of 5.99 ± 0.13 kg (weaned at 21 days) were randomly divided into two groups (n = 9): the control group (CON, basal diet) and the HEM treatment group (HEM, 1,000 mg/kg HEM + basal diet). The experiment period lasted for 14 days. Our results showed that dietary supplementation with HEM modulated the antioxidant capacity through decreasing the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) in the ileum and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) in the serum, and decreasing the mRNA expression of Kelch like-ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1) in the jejunum and the protein level of Keap1 in the ileum. Moreover, the HEM group modified the composition of colonic microbiota with affecting relative abundances of the Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes at the phylum level. Taken together, supplementation of HEM can regulate the antioxidant capacity and modify the composition of colonic bacteria in weaning piglets. This study provides new insights into the combination effects of herbal extracts on weaning piglets.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Pemberian Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO) dan Olive Oil terhadap Mikroanatomi Ren Tikus Putih (Rattus norvegicus)

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 133
Author(s):  
Riani Nurasri ◽  
Enny Yusuf Wachidah Yuniwarti ◽  
M Anwar Djaelani
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Olive Oil ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acid ◽  
Rattus Norvegicus ◽  
Acid Content ◽  
Fatty Acid Content ◽  
Coconut Oil ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Virgin Coconut Oil ◽  
Significant Difference

Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO) and olive oil have been widely applied in the field of health. Saturated fatty acid content of VCO dominates the total fatty acid content of about 85%. Olive oil contains a lot of oleic acid, which is one type of unsaturated fatty acid (mono-unsaturated fatty acid). This study aimed to analyze the kidney microanatomy rat (Rattus norvegicus) after supplementation with VCO and olive oil in the feed. This study used 25 rats were divided into five treatment groups, P1 was the control group, P2 was a group with VCO 5 mL / kg feed, P3 was a group with VCO 10 mL / kg of feed, P4 was a group with olive oil 5 mL / kg feed and was a group with olive oil 10 mL / kg of feed. The results of ren weight and diameter rat glomerular analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA). Research design used was completely randomized design with five treatments and five replication. Results of studies on weight ren showed no significant difference between treatments P2, P3, P4 and P5 to the control (P1). The results of the glomerular diameter  shows there is significantly difference between the diameter of the glomerulous treatment P2 and P3 with control (P1), while in treatment P4 and P5 are not significantly different from the control so that it can be concluded that the administration of the VCO and olive oil at various concentrations do not give rise to different responses to weight ren. Olive oil does not increases glomerular diameter white mice, while VCO at a dose of 5 mL / kg feed and 10 mL / kg of feed can increased glomerular diameter mice. Keywords: ren weight, glomerular diameter, Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO), olive oil.

scholarly journals Regenerative Therapy Modality for Treatment of True Combined Endodontic-Periodontal Lesions: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (12) ◽  
pp. 6220
Author(s):  
Reham AlJasser ◽  
Sundus Bukhary ◽  
Mohammed AlSarhan ◽  
Dalal Alotaibi ◽  
Saleh AlOraini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Graft ◽  
Bone Grafting ◽  
Endodontic Treatment ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Controlled Clinical Trial ◽  
Bony Defect ◽  
Keratinized Tissue ◽  
Group I ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Grafting Procedure

The aim of this in-vivo study was to evaluate/compare the clinical periodontal parameters in patients with true combined endo-perio lesions (EPL), treated with gutta-percha (GP) and mineral trioxide (MTA) as an obturation material alone and with addition of bone grafting in such lesions. 120 Saudi patients (mean age = 41yrs) diagnosed with true combined EPL participated in this study. Group I (control group, n = 30) was treated with conventional endodontic treatment using GP for obturation. Group II (n = 30) was treated with conventional endodontic treatment using MTA for obturation. Group III (n = 30) was treated with conventional endodontic treatment using GP for obturation + grafting procedure to fill the bony defect. Group IV (n = 30) was treated with conventional endodontic treatment using MTA for obturation + grafting procedure to fill the bony defect. Clinical parameters (Pocket depth (PD); Clinical attachment loss (CAL); keratinized tissue width (KTW); gingival phenotype (G.Ph.) and Cone Beam Computed Tomography Periapical Index (CBCTPAI)) were recorded and compared at baseline, 3, 6, 12 months’ interval. For the groups III and IV, CBCTPAI showed significant difference (p < 0.0001) with the other groups at 6 months and 1-year interval. The group with MTA + bone graft showed 76% and 90% patients with 0 score at 6 months and 1-year follow-up, respectively. Comparison of mean values of PD among study groups at 3 months, 6 months and 1 year showed significant difference at 3 months, whereas the mean PD values of subjects in GP + bone graft showed significantly higher PD values than other 3 groups (p = 0.025). Use of GP and MTA for root canal obturation along with periodontal therapy and bone augmentation helps in resolving complex endo-perio lesions. Bone grafting in addition to obturation with MTA was found to be the best treatment strategy in management of EPL cases and is recommended for clinicians who are treating EPL patients.

scholarly journals Comparative Evaluation of Fracture Resistance of Endodontically Treated Teeth Restored with Resin Fiber Post and Stainless Steel Post: An In Vitro Study

2015 ◽  
Vol 03 (02) ◽  
pp. 080-084
Author(s):  
Vijay Singh ◽  
Poonam Bogra ◽  
Saurabh Gupta ◽  
Navneet Kukreja ◽  
Neha Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Fracture Resistance ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Compressive Force ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Fiber Post ◽  
Endodontically Treated Teeth ◽  
Group I ◽  
Significant Difference

AbstractFracture resistance of endodontically treated teeth restored with post. Aims: This study aims to compare the fracture resistance of endodontically treated teeth restored with resin fiber and stainless steel post. Commercially available prefabricated resin fiber post(Dentsply Maillefer Easy Post), prefabricated stainless steel post(Coltene/Whaledent Parapost) were used. Methods and Material: Forty five maxillary central incisors were obturated and divided into 3 groups: Control Group (Group I) without any post (n = 15), Resin Fiber Post Group (Group II) (n = 15) and Stainless Steel Post Group (Group III) (n = 15). In all Groups except control group, post space was prepared; a post was cemented, and a core build-up was provided. All the specimens were subjected to compressive force under a universal testing machine until fracture. Statistical analysis used: The results were analyzed using the variable analysis test (ANOVA). Results: One-way analysis of variance revealed significant difference among test groups. The control group demonstrated highest fracture resistance (925.2183 N), followed by the resin fiber post group (486.7265 N) and stainless steel post group (423.539N). Conclusions: Teeth restored with resin fiber post showed higher fracture resistance values than prefabricated stainless steel post.

scholarly journals Effect of Pork Meat Replacement by Fish Products on Fatty Acid Content, Physicochemical, and Sensory Properties of Pork Pâtés

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 188
Author(s):  
Piotr Skałecki ◽  
Agnieszka Kaliniak-Dziura ◽  
Piotr Domaradzki ◽  
Mariusz Florek ◽  
Ewa Poleszak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Content ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Fatty Acid Content ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Acid Value ◽  
Sensory Properties ◽  
Control Group

The aim of the study was to assess the influence of the addition of fish raw materials (roe or fish meat) on the quality and nutritional value of pork pâtés. The control group (n = 4) consisted of pork pâtés, I experimental group (n = 6) of pâtés with 20% addition of roe (perch and pike), and II group of pâtés with 20% addition of fish (perch and pike meat) (n = 6). The pâtés’ pH, color, and profiled texture analysis were instrumentally measured and water, protein, fat, ash, and fatty acid content were determined by reference methods. To assess the oxidative stability of lipids the measurement of peroxide number, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances and content of conjugated dienes and trienes was used. The degree of fat hydrolysis was determined on the basis of acid value. Sensory analysis was carried out using the scaling method, taking into account 12 unit quality characteristics. Products with roe and meat contained less fat (accordingly 15.9% and 14.1%) and showed lower calorific value (accordingly 225.6 and 208.6 kcal/100 g) compared to pork pâtés (20.2% of lipids, 267 kcal/100 g). Moreover, the addition of fish raw materials improved the index of nutritional quality for protein (from 3.2 to 3.9) and beneficially reduced the nutritional index for fat (from 2.2 to 1.9). Fish constituents modified, to a certain extent, the color, texture, and sensory properties of pâtés, while maintaining full acceptability in consumer assessment. The addition of fish roe significantly increased the healthful quality by improving the fatty acid profile of pâtés, in which the significantly highest content of n-3 fatty acids, including eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids (accordingly 252.21, 43.17, and 107.94 mg/100 g product), as well the highest concentration of saturated branched chain fatty acids were determined (18.75 mg/100 g product).

scholarly journals Meat Quality, Fatty Acid Content and NMR Metabolic Profile of Dorper Sheep Supplemented with Bypass Fats

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 1133
Author(s):  
Atique Ahmed Behan ◽  
Muhammad Tayyab Akhtar ◽  
Teck Chwen Loh ◽  
Sharida Fakurazi ◽  
Ubedullah Kaka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Meat Quality ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Content ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Dorper Sheep

The supplementation of rumen bypass fat (RBF) has remained one of the preferred approaches used to decrease undesirable saturated fatty acids (FA) and increase beneficial unsaturated FA in the meat. This study was planned to evaluate the influences of rumen bypass fats on meat quality, fatty acid and metabolic profiles in male Dorper sheep (n = 36) with 24.66 ± 0.76 kg (mean ± standard error) initial body weight. Treatment comprised a basal diet (30:70 rice straw to concentrate) with no added RBF as a control (CON), basal diet with prilled fat (PF), basal diet with prilled fat plus lecithin (PFL) and basal diet with calcium soap of palm fatty acids (CaS). The findings revealed that cooking loss, drip loss and shear force in longissimus dorsi (LD) muscle were not affected by RBF supplementation, while meat pH was significantly higher in the CaS on aging day 1. However, the diet supplemented with prilled fat and lecithin modified the meat’s fatty acid profile significantly by increasing unsaturated fatty acids and decreasing saturated fats. The relative quantification of the major differentiating metabolites found in LD muscle of sheep showed that total cholesterol, esterified cholesterol, choline, glycerophosphocholine and glycerophospholipids were significantly lower in CaS and PFL diets, while glycerol and sphingomyelin were significantly higher in CaS and PFL diets. Most of the metabolites in the liver did not show any significant difference. Based on our results, the supplementation of protected fats did not have a negative influence on meat quality and the meat from Dorper sheep fed prilled fat with lecithin contained more healthy fatty acids compared to other diets.

Biological and chemical features of Poltava Meat breed pigs bacon depending on genotype

2021 ◽  
pp. 74-80
Author(s):  
N. Garskaya ◽  
L. Peretyatko
Keyword(s):  
Subcutaneous Tissue ◽  
Morphological Structure ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Fatty Degeneration ◽  
Fat Cells ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
Meat Content ◽  
Group I ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Selection For

The research goal is to carry out comprehensive studies to define the biological and chemical characteristics of the young Poltava Meat Breed boars’ bacon for further work with existing genotypes and creating new ones.Materials and methods. The research was carried out on bacon samples taken from Poltava Meat Breed boars of different genotypes during the «control slaughter» at the age of reaching the live weight of 100 kg. Purebred Poltava Meat Breed boars were divided into two groups according to the principle of paired analogs: the group I (control) contained animals of «clean» breeding lines (16 heads), and the group II (experimental) contained animals with 12,5% of the Finnish Landrace blood (14 heads). The thickness of the bacon, its morphological structure and its chemical features were studied. All the results obtained were then processed by statistical methods.Results. It was found that Poltava Meat Breed boars, regardless of the genotype, had bacon thickness values below the Poltava Meat Breed target standard after reaching the live weight of 100 kg, with very low variability of the indicator (1,05–1,69%). However, there was no significant difference between the groups. During the morphological study of the samples, qualitative differences in the bacon of animals from different groups were noted. In the first group, the subcutaneous tissue (bacon) is subject to more pronounced destructive changes due to the intensified process of fatty degeneration. The fat cells of animals with Finnish Landrace blood were slightly smaller, but no significant difference between the area of fat cells in boars of different genotypes was found. The variability of morphological parameters in both groups was average (23,91% and 16,23%). The infusion of Finnish Landrace blood to the Poltava Meat Breed boars led to a change in the chemical composition of bacon, such as: an increase in the amount of moisture by 8,58% (p≤0,01), protein by 3,62% (p≤0,01), a decrease in the amount of fat by 9,25% (p≤0,01), to a decrease in the saponification number by 8,36% (p≤0,01) and the iodine number by 10,48% (p≤0,01).Conclusion. The bacon of Poltava Meat Breed boars is characterized by biological and chemical features due to both species and genotype. The established features of the bacon of Poltava Meat Breed boars indicate a significant decrease in its quality in the case of Finnish Landrace blood infusion. Intensive selection for meat content of Poltava Meat Breed pigs leads to a significant decrease in the thickness of the bacon and excessive selection pressure.

Histological Study On Using Ileal Submucosa In Repairing Urinary Bladder Defect In Adult Albino Rat

QJM ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 114 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eman Gomaa El Saeed ◽  
Manal H Moussa ◽  
Gehad A Hammouda ◽  
Sahar M. M Omar
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Bladder ◽  
Histological Study ◽  
Squamous Metaplasia ◽  
Muscle Layer ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Group I ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Graft Area

Abstract Background Repairing urinary bladder (UB) defect by enterocystoplasty remains the gold standard surgical bladder reconstruction procedure to increase the capacity and compliance of dysfunctional bladders. However, many complications were recorded. Aim of the work This work aimed to compare the consequences of reconstruction of urinary bladder defect using untreated small intestinal submucosal (SIS) matrix versus seeded and unseeded decellularized SIS matrix. Material and Methods Fifty female albino rats were used in this study. The animals were divided into three groups: Group I (Control) included ten adult rats from which ileal tissue was obtained. Group II included ten adult rats in which their UB defect was repaired by untreated cellular SIS. Group III included twenty adult rats that were subdivided into two subgroups, 10 rats each; Subgroup IIIA where rats had their UB defect repaired by acellular SIS and subgroup IIIb where rats had their UB defect repaired by acellular SIS seeded with adipose mesenchymal stem cells (AMSCs).Ten young rats were used for preparation of AMSCs. Morphometric and statistical analysis were also performed. Results In rats where UB defect was repaired by untreated cellular SIS, the graft area showed loss of epithelial polarity, presence of intraepithelial cysts and occasional extension of urothelium to the outer surface forming fistula. There were areas of metaplasia with the appearance PAS positive cells. In the lamina propria, there was areas of lymphocytic infiltration together with significant increase in the collagen fiber deposition (p &lt; 0.05). There was a significant decrease thickness of muscle layer as compared to control (p &lt; 0.05). In rats where UB defect was repaired by acellular SIS, urothelium in the graft area showed occasional squamous metaplasia and often the urothelium extended to the deeper layers forming Brunn's nest. There was minimal muscle regeneration in the graft area. However, in rats where UB defect was repaired by acellular SIS seeded with AMSCs, the urothelium in the graft area was nearly similar to control group with uniform urothelium thickness, minimal collagen fibers deposition and thick muscle layer that showed no significant difference from the control (p &gt; 0.05). Conclusion Acellular SIS seeded with AMSCs showed better results compared to non-seeded and cellular SIS in reconstructing urinary bladder defects.

Impact of supplementing commercial rabbit pellets with fresh Moringa oleifera leaves on semen characteristics in rabbit bucks under tropical climate in Trinidad

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krishna Mohan Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Sperm Motility ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Sperm Count ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Moringa Oleifera Leaves ◽  
The Impact

Objective This study aimed to evaluate the impact of the dietary supplement of Moringa oleifera leaves (MOL) on semen quality and characteristics in rabbits. Methods Eighteen (n=18) breeding bucks of New Zealand white, of similar age group, were used for the study. Three feeding regimes, (i) 100% commercial rabbit pellets (CRP)-Group I (ii) 90% CRP + 10% fresh MOL on a dry matter (DM) basis – Group II and (iii) 80% CRP + 20% fresh MOL on a DM basis – Group III, were adopted and the trial continued for 21 days. After adaptation to the diet, semen was collected from each buck and subjected to evaluation using a computer-assisted semen analyser. Results In Group III, the sperm count, normal sperm morphology, and sperm motility increased (52.0%) in comparison with the control (Group I; 50.1%). The inclusion of 20% Moringa oliefera in the diet (Group III) caused a significant increase (P<0.05) in semen concentration (Control =136.2 M/mL; Group III=297.2 M/mL). There was no significant difference (P>0.05) in sperm motility and semen volume among the groups. Conclusion The results suggest that supplementing commercial rabbit pellets with 20% fresh Moringa oliefera leaves on a DM basis can improve the quality and characteristics of semen in breeding bucks.

scholarly journals Assessment of in Obsessive Compulsive Disorder

2021 ◽  
pp. 105-114
Author(s):  
Sarah Alaa Mohsen ◽  
Fatma Ahmed El Deeb ◽  
Ehab Sayed Ramadan ◽  
Mai Abd El-Raouf Eissa
Keyword(s):  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Test Performance ◽  
Age Of Onset ◽  
Neuropsychological Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Group I ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: Obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) is a common and potentially debilitating disorder. Neuropsychological assessment provides unique complementary information that is critical for evaluating higher cortical abilities. This study aimed to assess the neuropsychological functions in OCD patients which can then point to the brain structures or pathways and to study the correlation between these assessments and different clinical variables. Methods: This cross-sectional case control study had included sixty patients who were divided into two groups, Group I: thirty OCD patients diagnosed by DSM-IV and Group II: thirty healthy controls who were recruited from the community, matched with patients’ age, gender, and education. Results: The age of onset in our study was 19.13 ± 0.35 years, the mean duration was 7.44 ± 3.88 years, 40% of the studied cases had severe OCD symptoms and 33.3% of them were compulsive cleaners. There was a high significant difference between the two groups regarding WCST in favor of the control group. There was a high significant difference between the two groups regarding ROCF where the control group showed better results than the OCD patients. Conclusions: Neuropsychological test performance remains an informative and objective means of investigation, especially when applied to psychiatric disorders. The executive functions in OCD patients were impaired in comparison to the normal study subjects.

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