scholarly journals Methods for ensuring the reliable fulfilment of state defence orders

2021 ◽  
pp. 94-108
Author(s):  
Galina N. Chernysheva ◽  
Nikolay V. Rogov ◽  
Maria Vyacheslavovna Tkacheva
Keyword(s):  
Armed Forces ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Economic Security ◽  
Financial Flows ◽  
Military Equipment ◽  
Defence Industry ◽  
Technical Potential ◽  
Internal And External Factors ◽  
Key Participants ◽  
The Military

Introduction. The national security of the Russian Federation, both within the country and externally, is ensured by the development of its military-technical potential. The military-technical potential is viewed as an ability of the state to maintain the armed forces and to provide the army with modern and competitive military equipment. This is performed through state defence orders (SDOs). Taking into account both internal and external factors, it is impossible to fulfil SDOs without a reliable system of contract liabilities. To ensure proper fulfilment of SDOs, it is necessary to consider the following measures: 1) to retain all the liabilities of contracts for the duration of the contracts, i.e. the liabilities of the customer with regard to the financing of SDOs, and the liabilities of the contractor with regard to the production of the military equipment of high quality; 2) to prevent unauthorised use of the financing provided for the SDOs. Purpose. The purpose of our study was to analyse the factors preventing the fulfilment of SDOs and suggest measures for improving the system for managing SDOs and the economic security of defence industry enterprises. Methodology. In our study we used general scientific methods and specific economic analysis methods: systems analysis, time series analysis, modelling, and expert evaluation methods. The analysis was based on Russian and international sources, as well as the regulatory and legal framework concerning SDOs. Results. In our study, we listed and classified the factors preventing the fulfilment of SDOs, and suggested a SDO model in the form of a system of financial relations between entities. To ensure the fulfilment of SDOs, we suggest a series of measures to control the compliance of financial flows and the economic security of defence industry enterprises. Conclusions. The article presents a specific study of financial flows between the key participants of SDOs. The determined problems and suggested measures will help to reduce the risks and ensure the proper fulfilment of SDOs.

Doctors Playing Gods? The Legal Challenges in Regulating the Experimental Stage of Cybernetic Human Enhancement

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-27
Author(s):  
Thibaut Moulin
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
Human Enhancement ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Prisoners Of War ◽  
International Human Rights Law ◽  
Humanitarian Law ◽  
Medical Progress ◽  
Unique Nature ◽  
The Military

The emergence of new technologies might challenge our assumptions about biomedical research: medical progress may not only cure but enhance human capacities. In particular, the emergence of brain-machine interfaces will admittedly allow disabled people to move or communicate again, but also has various military applications, such as remote control of drones and avatars. Although there is no express legal framework pertaining to the experimental phase of human enhancement techniques, they are actually constrained by international law. According to international humanitarian law, civilians and prisoners of war may be subjected to experiments only when required by their state of health or for medical treatment. According to international human rights law, experimentations are permissible when they meet two conditions: (i) free consent, and (ii) proportionality (that is, the adequacy of risk and benefit). In light of these conditions, this article assesses the situations in which experimentation involving brain-computer interfaces would be lawful. It also gives specific attention to those experimentations carried out on members of the armed forces. In fact, owing to the military hierarchy and the unique nature of its mission (to protect national security at the risk of their own lives), it is necessary to determine how the military may comply with this legal framework.

scholarly journals Actual issues of the implementation of social security of military personnel of the Armed Forces of Ukraine in modern conditions

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Serhii Diachenko ◽  
Liudmyla Tsiukalo
Keyword(s):  
Social Security ◽  
Military Personnel ◽  
Military Service ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
The Military

The article deals with the modern legal framework that regulates the issues related to social security of the military of the Armed Forces of Ukraine. One of the components of the personnel social security - pension - is analyzed. Peculiarities of pension provision of personnel retired from military service are considered. The focus is on the issues of recalculation of pensions due to changes in legislation. Ways to improve the pension provision of persons retired from military service considered are proposed.

scholarly journals ASSESSMENTS OF ADMINISTRATIVE SOLUTIONS OF OFFICIALS (LEADERS, COMMANDERS, CHIEVES) RELATED TO THE LEVEL OF DEFENSE OF THE STATE

2019 ◽  
pp. 829-836
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Armed Forces ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Military Operations ◽  
Management Activity ◽  
Military Equipment ◽  
Managerial Decisions ◽  
Organizational Issues ◽  
Military Administration ◽  
State Defense ◽  
The Military

This study reveals the research principles of the results of the management of the Ukrainian military administration of the strategic (operative) level in the course of organizational issues evaluation during state defense system forming as well as building and development security and defense components, particularly the Armed Forces of the Ukraine. This principles structure defines the subject, the object and the parties, the basic tasks of the military legal expertise, guidelines for legal expert (board of legal experts) in the course of evaluation of the military administration management activity in the course of reforming and development of the Armed Forces, as well as during the course of planning and conducting military operations (battle actions) of the military units (forces). Developed principles also refer to the following researches: cause and effect relationship of the breach of legislation of the Armed Forces of the Ukraine and other legal military and law enforcement units administrations officials, which led to negative consequences such as people deaths, loss of weapons and military equipment in the course of military operation. Key words: level of state defense, evaluation of managerial decisions, officials.

scholarly journals The role of intellectual property in security defense capacity of the state.

2021 ◽  
pp. 42-68
Author(s):  
Oleksandr Zaikivskyi ◽  
Oleksandr Onistrat
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Property ◽  
National Security ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
The State ◽  
Scientific Publications ◽  
Military Equipment ◽  
Military Security ◽  
The Military ◽  
State Modernization

Keywords: defense capability, intellectual property, regulatory support The conceptual issues of the legislation of Ukraine,which determine the state policy in the field of national security and defence, regardingthe settlement of issues related to ensuring the state defence capabilities are considered.The scientific publications on actual questions in this sphere concerningproblems and prospects of increase of defence capability of Ukraine are analysed.The role of intellectual property in all components of Ukraine's defence system hasbeen studied, and it has been noted that unresolved problems in the field of intellectualproperty management pose an increasing threat to Ukraine's national security.The importance of ensuring the protection of intellectual property in the process ofimplementing measures to improve the defence capabilities of the state and the needto improve legislation in this area is defined. Recommendations for improving the regulatory framework for national securityand defence in order to address the problematic issues of intellectual property in thisarea are submitted.State defence capability is the ability of state to defend itself in the event of armedaggression or armed conflict. It consists of material and immaterial elements and is aset of military, economic, social and moral and political potential in the field of defenceand appropriate conditions for its implementation.Resolving the issues of reforming not only the Armed Forces of Ukraine, but firstthe entire state, modernization and rearmament of the Ukrainian army has become avital necessity. Only the solution of this issue will allow to raise the defence capabilityof our state to the proper level for the preservation of independent Ukraine.Ensuring the military security of Ukraine largely depends on equipping the ArmedForces of Ukraine with modern types and models of weapons and military equipment,developed on the basis of intellectual property rights.It is the military-technical sphere where the objects of intellectual property rightsbelonging to the sphere of national security and defence are created, and the state isobliged to ensure their protection. This will increase the competitiveness of the domesticdefence industry and make claims impossible for anyone in the mass productionof weapons and military equipment for their own needs and for exports, which directlyaffects defence capabilities.And this requires proper protection of intellectual property rights both in theprocess of own production of weapons and military equipment, as well as in militarytechnicalcooperation.

Humorous motifs of Russian military equipment nomination

Neophilology ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 327-336
Author(s):  
Nadezhda A. RODINA
Keyword(s):  
Armed Forces ◽  
National Character ◽  
Mediated Communication ◽  
Military Equipment ◽  
Research Material ◽  
Material Environment ◽  
Elective Course ◽  
Russian Military ◽  
The Military ◽  
Empirical Material

In modern national linguistics there is a set of works devoted to the description of language personalities of representatives of certain professions. However, in the last decades due to the increase of interest in the military sphere names of cadets, soldiers and officers are in the researchers’ attention centre. We also analyze names of objects of a material environment, it allows to conduct fully studying of language personality of the representative of the Armed Forces of Russian Federation as the ratio of motifs and ways of the nomination will allow to reveal features of the language personality of Russian personnel in mediated communication. We analyze the motivation features of the official names of the Russian military equipment and armor. We consider chrematonyms in terms of their belonging to humorous means of communication in military sphere. We prove application of humorous names by specifics of national character of the Russian personnel. Material of article is the corpus in the form of the glossary in the Internet and also results of the military personnel survey. The new empirical material introduction for scientific use allows to make objective and reliable conclusions on the nature of the humorous nomination in the sphere of military equipment and armor. Research material can be used both in military education, and in an elective course of onomastics in civil university.

MILITARY-INDUSTRIAL COMPLEX OF RUSSIAN FEDERATION

2020 ◽  
Vol 153 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-53
Author(s):  
Jarosław Nawrotek
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Typical Feature ◽  
The State ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Technical Equipment ◽  
Military Equipment ◽  
Military Industrial Complex ◽  
Defence Industry ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Military

Defence industry may be defined as a system of factories and organisations developing, manufacturing and selling military equipment, weapons and ammunition. In the case of the Russian Federation the terminology of “defence industry” and “military industry” is often used as an equivalent to the Military-Industrial Complex (MIC). The Military-Industrial Complex is a segment of the state industry involved in manufacture of the military equipment and performance of research-development projects in the defence sector. Typical feature of the Military-Industrial Complex is that the state is always its customer. Level of development for the Russian MIC plays a crucial role for maintaining the safety of the state and beside the supplies for the army it is responsible in a great degree for technical equipment of main segments of economy (medicine, transport, education, fuelenergetic complex, etc.). The governing board of the MIC in-cludes 18 persons led by the President of Russian Federation - Vladimir Putin.

scholarly journals The Role of Public Authorities During Mobilization

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 243-247
Author(s):  
Alexandru Stoian
Keyword(s):  
Armed Forces ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
National Defense ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
The Public ◽  
Global Context ◽  
National Values ◽  
High Level ◽  
Political Economic ◽  
The Military

Abstract Imposed by states in order to defend its own territory and national values during the time of crisis, mobilization of armed forces in a contemporary global context creates new challenges for the public authorities, designers of the national legal framework and for the military authorities. In this regard, extraordinary measures can be taken in political, economic, social, administrative, diplomatic, legal and military fields, planned and prepared in peacetime. The Romanian National Defense System consists of the forces intended for defense, the resources of the national defense and the territorial infrastructure and provides a stable foundation for all types of actions related to mobilization, as long as the procedures involved are implemented at a high level of efficiency

scholarly journals Features of financing NATO's armed forces

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (26) ◽  
pp. 117-124
Author(s):  
Nataliia Tkachenko ◽  
Petro Kurmaiev ◽  
Liudmyla Seliverstova ◽  
Maria Pozhydaeva
Keyword(s):  
Armed Forces ◽  
Defense Spending ◽  
Capital Expenditures ◽  
Military Equipment ◽  
The North ◽  
Equipment Construction ◽  
Budget Committee ◽  
Military Facilities ◽  
Study Process ◽  
The Military

The aim of the article is to investigate the peculiarities of financing NATO's armed forces. The following methods were used in the study process: comparative analysis method, correlation analysis, content analysis. The current state of defense financing in the world and in NATO countries has been clarified. Sources of funding for civilian and military budgets and NATO security investment programs are highlighted. The civilian budget covers staff costs, operational costs, capital expenditures and expenses for the International Secretariat's programs at NATO Headquarters. The military budget covers the costs of operating and maintaining the structure of NATO military management bodies. The procedure for the payment of direct and indirect contributions to NATO content by the Allies is disclosed. The tasks of the bodies responsible for financial control over the formation and use of NATO finances are described: the North Atlantic Council, the Resource Policy and Planning Council, the Budget Committee, the Investment Committee, the NATO Independent International Audit Board. Shares of financing of civilian and military budgets, as well as NATO programs by NATO member countries, the ratio of defense expenditures to GDP in NATO countries, the share of capital expenditures in the structure of defense expenditures of NATO countries are analyzed. The volumes and structure of defense financing expenditures in Ukraine are compared with NATO countries. It is revealed that during 2014-2018 Ukraine significantly increased the amount of defense financing, at the same time the share of capital expenditures in the structure of defense spending in Ukraine remains insignificant. It is proposed to increase the share of expenditures on military investments and innovations, purchase of armaments and military equipment, construction of military facilities and, at the same time, limit the share of current expenditures on the maintenance of the armed forces.

scholarly journals ISSUES OF MILITARY DEVELOPMENT IN UKRAINE IN THE EARLY 2000S.

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 57-67
Author(s):  
Andrii TKACHUK
Keyword(s):  
Armed Forces ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
The State ◽  
Main Element ◽  
State Budget ◽  
Military Organization ◽  
Domestic Security ◽  
Military Development ◽  
State Programs ◽  
The Military

The article deals with the main problems of military development, which were solved by Ukraine in the early 2000s. A special emphasis is on the development of the legal framework for the functioning of the domestic security and defense sector. The dynamics and main features of the state programs on reforming the Armed Forces of Ukraine (ZSU) as the main element of the functioning of the security and defense sector and the military organization of Ukraine are highlighted. The problematic internal political situation in the country forced the authorities to develop and reform the Ukrainian army on the principle of defense sufficiency, which consisted of creating a compact but highly professional army capable of fulfilling its tasks. The Armed Forces reforming was accompanied by a legislative increase in the number of state bodies related to the national security sector and intended to improve the quality of the military organization of the state in case of a crisis. Practically, the essence of the reforms was to reduce the number of personnel. It should reduce state budget expenditures, as well as increase bodies of the military organization, which due to legislation drafting errors, often doubled functions, thereby decreasing its efficiency. At the same time, the legislators did not pay attention to numerous urgent problems of the Armed Forces, mainly socio-economic. Despite many attempts to provide legal support for military construction in Ukraine in the early 2000s, all of them neither had the proper effect nor significantly influenced the strengthening of the state's defense capabilities. A large number of defense structures proved to be ineffective when the Armed Forces funded on a residual principle. This, in turn, nullified any attempt to reform Ukraine's Armed Forces fully. Keywords security, defense, Armed Forces, legislation.

scholarly journals Applying performance data of military vehicles as a source of verification of technical specifications and criteria for implemented military equipment

2018 ◽  
Vol 189 (3) ◽  
pp. 166-180
Author(s):  
Jaroslaw Konczak ◽  
Marcin Walkiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Armed Forces ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Operation System ◽  
Standard Interval ◽  
Military Equipment ◽  
Military Vehicles ◽  
Periodic Maintenance ◽  
Technical Specifications ◽  
Military Institute ◽  
The Military

In the article the authors have attempted to analyze the specifications and criteria imposed on military vehicles acquired by the Polish Armed Forces. The issues of selection of the target operation standard, interval between periodic maintenance inspections, fault tolerance and reliability, which are defined in tactical-technical criteria by administrators, were addressed. The technical specifications are the essential component of qualification studies. The data obtained from research of prototypes and the initial years of exploitation of the new military equipment (SpW) constitute the source of verification for technical-tactical criteria (ZTT) or initial technical-tactical criteria (WZTT) adopted for implementation. The article also discusses the issues related to estimation of probability of the tasks to be executed by military vehicles in typical operating conditions depending on the lifetime, mileage or method of storage. Presumable combat losses, which are independent from the adopted operation system of the military equipment, have been omitted. The research works in the field of reliability are conducted in the Armored Fighting Vehicles Laboratory of the Military Institute of Armored and Automotive Technology in Sulejówek. Additionally, the authors have addressed the possibility of the application of computer simulation for the purpose of military vehicles reliability.

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