scholarly journals Preface to the Publication of A.F. Losev’s Unknown Text “The Subject of Psychology”

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 64-66
Author(s):  
V.P. Troitskiy
Keyword(s):  
Phenomenological Analysis ◽  
Philosophical Method ◽  
Written Text ◽  
Self Reflection ◽  
Logical Investigations ◽  
The Subject

The paper presents a passage from the second, recently revealed part of A.F. Losev’s book “Philosophy of Name” devoted to the psychology of thinking. According to Losev’s initial plan, the first part of the book was to be the “General and phenomenological analysis of thought and word, or name” which eventually became the published book “Philosophy of Name”. In the second, unpublished part the author planned to interpret “On the dialectic nature of name”. A fragment of hand-written text that was found in A.F. Losev’s archive most probably belongs to this second part. Here, the author creates the phenomenological and dialectic model of the subject of perception and logically constructs its main characteristics and manifestations: stimulation, sensation, representation, self-reflection (intelligentsia). While describing and analyzing the “stage” of sensation, Losev focuses on the “subject of psychology”, all presented in this very paper. The author argues for the “phenomenological formula of mind”. The philosophical method used by A.F. Losev reminds one of E. Husserl’s descriptive (eidetic) phenomenology of the “Logical Investigations” period.

scholarly journals The Emergence of Violence and the Terror of Being Born in Murakami’s Coin Locker Babies

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 261-274
Author(s):  
Florina Ilis ◽  
Keyword(s):  
The Body ◽  
Jean Baudrillard ◽  
Self Reflection ◽  
Complex Process ◽  
Frederic Jameson ◽  
The Subject

Modern poetics imposed the image of Nietzsche’s split Subject, with the disaggregated self-emerging as dilemmatic subjectivity and its aesthetic culmination in the “dehumanisation of art.” Nietzsche’s philosophy provided postmodern poetics with the Subject as “fiction,” subjected to a complex process of self-multiplication and self-reflection (Ihab Hassan). The loss of the autonomy of the Subject as a “fashionable theme” (Frederic Jameson), combined with its multiplication into simulacra (Jean Baudrillard) and the abolition of reference, allow the Object to storm the places of its absence. The multiplicitous nature under which the image of subjectivity is formed is a possible solution for the issue of the Subject. Another solution would be inflicting violence upon the Subject, replaced by the corporeality of the Object, by the body, to the point of its destruction, or to the ultimate point of abjectness. My essay will use Murakami Ryū’s novel Coin Locker Babies to examine its author’s views on the Object-Subject relation, on the Subject as an Object (corporeality) and on the forms through which the Object inflicts violence upon the Subject.

scholarly journals TRANSLATOR’S PROFESSIONAL COMPETENCE: A MODEL AND ITS IMPLEMENTATION IN UNIVERSITY TRAINING

2020 ◽  
pp. 69-81
Author(s):  
Oksana Babiuk ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Intercultural Competence ◽  
Professional Competence ◽  
Linguistic Competence ◽  
Interpersonal Competence ◽  
Competence Model ◽  
Strategic Competence ◽  
Self Reflection ◽  
The Subject ◽  
University Training

The article identifies the structure of translator’s professional competence, grounds its model and suggests the ways of its implementation. The following sub-competences necessary to be acquired by future translators have been identified and analyzed with the aim of providing best training: linguistic competence, intercultural competence, subject (thematic) competence, instrumental competence, psychophysiological competence, interpersonal competence, strategic competence, self-reflection competence. The role of the subject (thematic) competence for specialized translation is analyzed. The ways of the translator’s professional competence model implementation are highlighted.

scholarly journals Mytens tvang

1999 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lars Albinus
Keyword(s):  
Blind Spot ◽  
The Other ◽  
Instrumental Reason ◽  
Ancient Greek ◽  
Self Reflection ◽  
Negative Dialectics ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The One

The purpose of the article is to show how the negative dialectics of Adorno gets involved with a concept of myth that is questionable in several respects. First of all, Adorno tries to combine, but rather conflates, two understandings of myth. On the one hand, the concept of myth is defined as the ancient Greek mythos, in which the subject of man is projected on to nature; on the other hand, myth is defined as the backfire of enlightenment, in which self-reflection becomes the blind spot of instrumental reason. Along these lines of argument, Adorno’s interpretation of Homer, which, at any rate, is highly inspiring, attempts to demonstrate that Odysseus is already enlightened in that he keeps the myth at bay in order to gain his self. The point is, as a matter of dialectic necessity, that he just ends up in myth once again, albeit in the second sense, namely by being a victim of his own self-denial. A question that seems to remain unanswered, though, is how the two kinds of myth are related. Further, Adorno draws on a problematic distinction between myth and literature in order to claim that Homer separates himself from the realm of myth. By adopting Adorno’s own game of interpretation, however, it is possible to regard myth as such, including the Homeric one, as being contingently open-ended rather than just a matter of dialectic determination.

scholarly journals The “legendary style” in “The comprehensive life of Constantin (Cyril) the Philosopher”

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-16
Author(s):  
Svitlana Borshch
Keyword(s):  
Phenomenological Analysis ◽  
Historical Events ◽  
The Real ◽  
Historical Method ◽  
Slavonic Language ◽  
The New Testament ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Real Person ◽  
The Universe ◽  
Christian Society

The subject of the study is the “legendary style” of one of the most iconic hagiographic text of the IX century “The Comprehensive Life of Constantine (Cyril) the Philosopher”. This Pannonian legend belongs to the texts of Cyril-Methodius cycle and has the description of the re-finding and transportation Saint Clement’s relics by Constantine the Philosopher from Korsun (Chersonesus) to Rome. This episode is an important part of the process of legalizing the translation of the Divine Books to the so-called Church-Slavonic language. The phrase “legendary style” was borrowed from I. Franko’s work “Saint Clement in Korsun” (Lviv, 1902–1905) and has not been explained as a term yet. The purpose and the novelty of our research is to find out how “legendary style” was formed, which techniques were needed to create this concept. The relevance of this study is due to the analyzing sources for the legend as a genre (it was formed on the base of the hagiographical texts such as Jacobus da Varagine’s "The Golden Legend", XIII century). Ideological description of historical events ("tendentious historicity"), disclosure of holiness and using the category of the miraculous were clarified as the technique of “legendary style”, using the cultural-historical method, elements of comparative, structural and phenomenological analysis. Holiness, called by J. Le Goff “the most important value of Christian society”, is a predetermined aspect in “The Comprehensive Life of Constantine (Cyril) the Philosopher” and it connected the saint’s life with the events of the New Testament. The category of the miraculous is considered from the point of mythological view: miracles regulated the universe, restored harmony and established true rules and laws. According to A. Losev, the true Christian miracle occurred when the real person dialectically synthesized with his/her inner ideal at a certain moment. “Tendentious historicity” is observed in the episode about saint relics of Pope Clement I. There are variations in the very process of re-finding the holy remains: locations, heroes and time in some stories are not the same in different texts from the so-called Cyril-Methodius cycle. It gives reasons to consider these texts ideologically involved. It is advisable to include other hagiographic texts to confirm or refute, expand or narrow the “legendary style” as a term in further research.

scholarly journals An Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis of Token Resistance to Sex amongst Nigerian Undergraduates

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alex Terver Igundunasse ◽  
Nathan Odiase
Keyword(s):  
Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Phenomenological Analysis ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Emotional Security ◽  
Sexually Active ◽  
Social Conventions ◽  
Token Resistance ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Do So

It is apparent that existing social conventions unofficially mandates women to refuse sexual advances even when there may be the intention to engage. The adherence to this social script is what is referred to as token resistance or scripted refusal. Some studies have explored the subject of token resistance from a number of perspectives that attempt to identify the underlying reasons why women engaging in token resistance. However, there is very little research on this subject from the Nigerian perspective. This this study sought to explore token resistance further in order to understand the cultural cogency or peculiarity of the concept in the Nigerian context. This is because based on available literature, the conceptualization of token resistance may be different. With the use of purposive sampling technique, four sexually active women and undergraduates, volunteered to participate in the study. They were interviewed to understand their unique experiences and perception about token resistance using the principles of Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) It was discovered that factors like personal pride, self-control, emotional security of relationship and the gratification of increased attention were responsible for women’s rejection of sexual advances even when there was the intention to do so. The study also got a better understanding of how women culturally represent this concept in Nigeria. We highlight limitations of the study and suggest areas for further study research.

On queueing

2001 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 177-185
Author(s):  
Zbigniew Czwartosz
Keyword(s):  
Social Psychology ◽  
Social Justice ◽  
Everyday Life ◽  
Personal Experience ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Phenomenological Analysis ◽  
Community Life ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Scientific Terms ◽  
Held Back

A year ago Dr. Jacek Kurczewski asked me to take part in a symposium which he organized with the Polish Sociological Association, on the sociology of everyday life. The subject of my session was to be the sociology of the queue. As a psychologist I could, of course, interpret the phenomenon of the queue in terms of the interdependence of individual interests and social justice. Theses of social psychology, based on empirical grounds, provided some explanations of the mechanisms of behaviour in a queue. These explanations, however, led to trivial conclusions, though expressed in scientific terms. Therefore I decided to choose phenomenological analysis to deal with queue behaviour. This paper is a widened and more analytical version of my speech at the PSA seminar (I). I was inspired by three events from my personal experience:1. In Western Europe (especially in Belgium) I frequently encountered the following phenomenon. In a shop someone would come up to the counter and ask for some article, paying no attention to the fact that there were also others who were waiting to be served. To me that fact was an open violation of the rules of community life. My emotion urged me to intervene. I was held back however by the fact that the others in the shop seemed not to notice anything wrong. This would suggest that my notion of customers' rights and duties differed from that of Belgians or Dutchmen.

scholarly journals Evolutionary Preconditions for the Use of Tools from the Perspective of Animal and Human Self-Reflection

2021 ◽  
pp. 136-146
Author(s):  
Ivan Hvatov
Keyword(s):  
Embodied Cognition ◽  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Comparative Psychology ◽  
Physical Characteristics ◽  
The Body ◽  
Self Reflection ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
The Subject

Currently, the subject of the use of tools by animals is avidly explored in comparative psychology and evolution psychology. It is believed that the use of tools, if determined by instincts, is an evidence of complex cognitive processes in the animal, in particular, thinking. The abi­lity to use and make tools was discovered in primates, a number of mammals, birds and even invertebrates. However, the abovementioned animals show an already formed complex ability to use tools. Evolutionary preconditions and factors leading to emergence of the ability to use tools as a part of mental phylogenesis are understudied. The author of the paper offers a novel approach to exploring the preconditions for the use of tools based on the concept of self-reflection of animals and human as well as embodied cognition. According to the approach developed, the proto-tool is the body of the animal, which physical characteristics initially serve as an obstacle in achieving the goal of various activities; only afterwards, the animal recognizes its body as an opportunity, a means of affecting the environment.

scholarly journals Tożsamość narodowa a konflikty w małżeństwach polsko-rosyjskich

Adeptus ◽  
2015 ◽  
pp. 19-39
Author(s):  
Tatiana Busygina-Wojtas
Keyword(s):  
National Identity ◽  
Information Asymmetry ◽  
Historical Memory ◽  
The Other ◽  
Historical Background ◽  
Self Reflection ◽  
Rigid Frame ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Main Factor

National identity and conflicts in Polish-Russian marriages Conflicts concerning the shared Polish-Russian historical background and attitude towards it with the politics involved in it are a frequent issue in Polish-Russian marriages. These are the reasons these conflicts can frequently lapse into family quarrels. The conflicts are closely examined in their progress and analyzed from different perspectives, referring both to national identity and the historical memory agendas. In this paper we also present some examples of the most typical misunderstandings that may take place. The main factor is the difference in identity models, and as a consequence, the failure to understand the logic of one’s opponent’s arguments. Information asymmetry as well as the well-known habitual ways of historical conceptualization of events and figures interfere in the successful cognition and enclose the spouses in a rigid frame of their own native models. In this context the biggest problems appear at the level of interpretation and categorization of the object of the discussion. Both Poles and Russians refer to different fundamentals while talking about independence, war and homeland, and this can lead to complete  misunderstandings. Each couple has their own way of lessening the ideological conflicts. The first strategy the spouses will consider is to avoid talking about conflicting subjects up to an absolute taboo on the subject. The other strategy is related to auto-education, self-reflection, conscientious reappraisal of judgments and, eventually, open-mindedness. The effort put into this leads to the creation of a new, mutual way of looking at the above mentioned difficult themes.Tożsamość narodowa a konflikty w małżeństwach polsko-rosyjskich Konflikty, których zarzewiem są rozmowy o historii i polityce w aspekcie stosunków polsko-rosyjskich, to bardzo częsty problem małżeństw polsko-rosyjskich. W artykule omówione zostały przyczyny i przebieg takich dyskusji (nierzadko przeistaczających się w awantury) z perspektywy problematyki tożsamości narodowo-kulturowej oraz pamięci historycznej. Przytoczone zostały również przykłady najbardziej typowych nieporozumień. Kluczowym czynnikiem jest odmienność wzorców konstruowania tożsamości. Konsekwencją tych różnic jest niezdolność do głębszego rozumienia argumentacji rozmówcy. Asymetria wiedzy na poziomie znajomości faktów oraz przywiązanie do rodzimych wzorców oceny wydarzeń i postaci historycznych zaburza proces przyswajania nowych informacji i zamyka w sztywnych ramach nabytych schematów myślenia. Najpoważniejsze problemy we wzajemnym rozumieniu swoich racji powstają na poziomie interpretacji i kategoryzacji zjawisk. Snując rozważania o swojej przynależności do ojczyzny, Polacy i Rosjanie odwołują się do zupełnie innych kategorii wartościujących. Każda para opracowuje własną strategię radzenia sobie z konfliktami ideologicznymi. Rozwiązaniem stosowanym najczęściej jest unikanie jakichkolwiek rozmów na drażliwy temat, aż do jego całkowitej tabuizacji. Druga strategia zakłada samoedukację, autorefleksję, przewartościowanie własnych poglądów i otwartość na tezy głoszone przez małżonka. Włożony w te działania świadomy wysiłek prowadzi do wypracowania nowego, wspólnego spojrzenia na trudne tematy.

scholarly journals Ganz selbstbewusst und dennoch ganz anders. Überlegungen zum Verhältnis von mittelalterlicher und moderner Individualität am Beispiel deutscher und italienischer Familienbücher

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Franz-Josef Arlinghaus
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
The Self ◽  
Late Medieval ◽  
Written Text ◽  
Self Reflection ◽  
Self Confidence ◽  
Late Middle Ages ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
Political Events ◽  
Autobiographical Texts

Fourteenth to sixteenth century Libri di Famiglia and housebooks (Hausbücher) – that of the jurist Giovanni Gaspare da Sala from Milan and the merchants Ugolino dì Nicolò Martelli and Goro Dati from Florence as well as those of Lucas Rem from Augsburg and Hermann von Weinsberg from Cologne – are analyzed in this paper. These writings are compared with high medieval autobiographical texts (Guibert von Nogent, Abaelard) and with modern autobiographies (namely Roland Barthes). At a first glance, high medieval autobiographical texts seem to be much more explicit in respect of the authors ‘self’ than the Libri di famiglia and housebooks of the late middle ages and early modern times.Drawing on theoretical approaches developed by literary studies (Literaturwissenschaften) and sociology, which suggest a different reading of our late medieval sources, not only those parts of the Libri di famiglia that explicitly deal with the authors self are taken into account. Rather, the whole book (including the notes that inform about business transactions and everyday political events) are seen as part of a self-construction. The analysis then does not only make use of these often neglected contents of the libri di famiglia and housebooks, but also looks at the form of the written text the language used. It turned out that the respective authors of the housebooks and Libri di famiglia creatively combine different styles of writing (in form as well as in content), thus documenting their self-esteem and self-consciousness.However, the overall paradigm that is revealed is that of inscribing one´s own self in society, constructing the ‘I’ as an important and outstanding part of the world (labeled ‘inclusion individuality’). Notwithstanding all differences, the late medieval autobiographical texts share this paradigm with the high medieval sources mentioned. In sharp contrast to that, modern autobiographies place the self in opposition to or even outside society, not necessarily providing it with more self-confidence, but with a completely different attitude towards the ‘I’ and very distinct concepts about the self. The reason for this is not so much seen in developments of higher self-reflection but in structures of society that provide or do not provide a place for the self in society.

scholarly journals The Meaning Of K-Pop And Self-Concept Transformation Of K-Pop Fans In Bandung

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 414-422
Author(s):  
Alex Sobur ◽  
Ferry Darmawan ◽  
Ratri Rizki Kusumalestari ◽  
Endri Listiani ◽  
Dadi Ahmadi
Keyword(s):  
Phenomenological Analysis ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
Pop Music ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Korean Culture ◽  
The Subject

This research is motivated by the phenomenon of Korean culture fans, especially fans of Korean Pop music (K-pop) in Bandung. Their unusual behaviors, such as hysterical screaming over their idols, mimicking the dances, angry if their idols are insulted, and putting K-pop as their top priority are very interesting elements for the researchers to explore more about K-pop fans, particularly in Bandung. Focus of this research is the definition/ meaning of K-pop and the transformation of self-concept of K-pop fans in Bandung. This research uses a qualitative approach. Schutz's phenomenological analysis are used to examine the phenomenon of K-pop fans in terms of their experiences. The subject of this research is the informant who has fulfilled two (2) criteria, namely a fan of K-pop and a member of Korean culture lover community. Based on the results of observations and interviews, there are three self-concept transformations of informants, namely (1) byeonhwa namnyosongeui (변화남녀성의), i.e. transformation of the masculine self-concept into feminine, (2) byeonhwa dad-eun yeollin (변화성의열린), i.e. transformation of the introvert self-concept into extrovert, and (3) byeonhwa uigyeon bad-eun (변화의견받은) which can be interpreted as transformation of the closed-minded self-concept into open-minded that appreciate other people’s opinions.

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