scholarly journals Ethnic and Religious Tolerance: Barrier Factors and Improvement Measures Based on Malay Youth Perspectives in Malaysia

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 622-635
Author(s):  
Zahrul Akmal Damin , Et. al.
Keyword(s):  
Group Discussion ◽  
Religious Tolerance ◽  
Political Debate ◽  
The Rule Of Law ◽  
Political Role ◽  
Improvement Measures ◽  
Barrier Factor ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Social Empowerment ◽  
Information Providers

Ethnic and religious unity is a thing that every country wishes for not exempting Malaysia. Tolerance among the population is very much expected to achieve this. Nevertheless, ethnic and religious diversity in Malaysia is often seen as a challenge for realizing tolerance and thus creating unity. Therefore, this paper aims to analyze the barrier factors for ethnic and religious tolerance while at the same time identifying proposals for improvement measures to tolerance among the community. Hence, the Focus Group Discussion or FGD study design was used by involving 20 Malay youth informants as information providers. As a result of the analysis it can be concluded that there are six themes that exist as a barrier factor to ethnic and religious tolerance, namely (i) social gap; 38.06 percent, (ii) political debate; 16.42 percent, (iii) religious differences; 16.42 percent, (iv) economic inequality; 11.94 percent, (v) rights and constitution; 11.94 percent, and (vi) primordial sentiment; 5.22 percent. Meanwhile, in addressing the problem of ethnic and religious tolerance, the informants also proposed four perspectives on improvement measures i.e. (i) social empowerment; 71.19 percent, (ii) political role; 15.25 percent, (iii) the rule of law; 10.17 percent, and (iv) maintaining the image of Islam; 3.39 percent. The issues are important to be scrutinized because the practice of good ethnic and religious tolerance can unite the community, thereby driving the stability and progress of the country.

The ‘Obama Doctrine’ – Vision for Change?

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Georg Löfflmann
Keyword(s):  
Security Policy ◽  
American Exceptionalism ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Debate ◽  
Political Role ◽  
Strategic Vision ◽  
Academic Researchers ◽  
Foreign And Security Policy ◽  
The Media

The chapter explores how as President of the United States, Barack Obama was in a constant exchange with both political opponents and diverging voices within his own administration over defining America’s world political role and the purpose behind American power. The chapter describes how Obama’s strategic vision not only informed the political debate and determined policy, but also represented the central hub in an intertextual network of grand strategy discourses, providing the focus for the policy advice and criticism of Washington think tanks, the reporting and commentary of the media, and the intellectual attention of academic researchers interested in the study of US foreign and security policy. The chapter examines how Obama reconfirmed a national and bipartisan consensus, -the ideational dimension of American exceptionalism, liberal hegemony, and military supremacy-, while linking this identity to a pragmatic policy course of cooperative engagement and military restraint that large segments of the Washington establishment rejected for challenging the elite consensus on liberal hegemony.

Secular Reasons for Confessional Religious Education in Public Schools

Daedalus ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 149 (3) ◽  
pp. 119-134
Author(s):  
Winfried Löffler
Keyword(s):  
Public Schools ◽  
Religious Education ◽  
Rule Of Law ◽  
Religious Communities ◽  
Religious Groups ◽  
The Rule Of Law ◽  
Opting Out ◽  
Cultural Importance ◽  
The Stability ◽  
School Curricula

The cultural importance of religion and its ambiguous potential effects on the stability of liberal democracy and the rule of law recommend including information about religions in public school curricula. In certain contexts, there are even good secular reasons to have this done by teachers approved by the religious communities for their respective groups of pupils, as is being practiced in various European states (with a possibility of opting out, with ethics as a substitute subject in some schools). Is this practice compatible with the religious neutrality of states? An illustrative analysis shows how suitable criteria for the admission of religious groups to offering religious education can block the objection of undue preference. Like any solution in this field, it is not immune to theoretical and practical problems.

scholarly journals Analisis Kepuasan Pelanggan dalam Rangka Strategi Pemasaran Non-Tender PT Surveyor Indonesia (Persero) Cabang Surabaya

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahfud Arifin ◽  
Bambang Syairudin ◽  
Fuad Achmadi
Keyword(s):  
Customer Relationship Management ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Group Discussion ◽  
Customer Relationship ◽  
Average Score ◽  
House Of Quality ◽  
Improve Performance ◽  
Improvement Measures ◽  
Measures Of Performance

This study begins with collecting 73 samples taken with random sampling method from 266 SISUB’s customer. Variable questionnaire covers components and service quality components of the marketing mix. After analysis of data questioner, obtained for value an interest in the things that are desired by customers with average score 3.562. For the average perceived value obtained 3.493. Furthermore, by exposing data in the Cartesian diagram using Importance Performance Analysis (IPA) is known of position the quality of service that has been provided and there are 6 (six) things to be fixed in SISUB services. Framing of Matrix House of Quality (HOQ) is performed as a basicQuality Function Deployment (QFD) which is a method of design in determining the development of quality improvement measures of performance to satisfy customers. Preparation of HOQ carried out through Focus Group Discussion (FGD), the result is expected to improve performance in supporting the Customer Relationship Management (CRM).

scholarly journals Comments to the article “The political role of the State in Cambridge theories of growth and distribution”

2021 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 207-214
Author(s):  
JOÃO GABRIEL DE ARAUJO OLIVEIRA ◽  
RENATO NOZAKI SUGAHARA ◽  
JOANILIO RODOLPHO TEIXEIRA
Keyword(s):  
Income Distribution ◽  
Dynamic Equilibrium ◽  
The State ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Role ◽  
Essential Nature ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Stability

ABSTRACT This comment came to refute and correct the idea of Charles (2007) about the negatively implications in the income distribution when the government expand the consumption in favour to households. We prove that the political choice, to both cases (increasing consumption or increasing profit), impact positively the income distribution and does not affect the essential nature of the Kaldor neo-Pasinetti dynamic equilibrium results and the “Cambridge Equation”. The stability of the model is guarantee by applying the Olech’s Theorem to the case.

the wishes of the Government expressed in the form of legislation, or the extent to which it can interfere with the pursuit of those wishes. Until now it has been a commonplace of political thought that although the United Kingdom might not have a written constitution its unwritten constitution was nonetheless based on fundamental principles. Amongst these principles were the sovereignty of Parliament and the Rule of Law. The centrality within the United Kingdom constitution of the doctrine of Parliamentary sovereignty has traditionally meant that Parliament can make such law as it determines, but the validity of such an interpretation has been questioned by some. The justifications for such challenges to absolute Parliamentary sovereignty are based on the United Kingdom's membership of both the European Union and the Council of Europe with the implications of higher authorities than Parliament, in the former's legislation and the latter's endorsement of inalienable individual rights. As for the Rule of Law, although it is a notoriously amorphous concept, it has provided the courts with scope for challenging the actions of the executive and, indeed, to a more limited degree, the legislature. The mechanism through which the courts have previously exercised their burgeoning constitutional and, by definition, political role is judicial review by means of which they have asserted the right to subject the actions and operations of the executive to the gaze and control of the law in such a way as to prevent the executive from abusing its power. However, such power has been greatly extended by the enactment of the Human Rights Act (HRA) 1998. The Act only came into effect in October 2000 so the question remains as to how the courts will use the powers given to them under that Act. The remaining articles in this chapter will consider the wider political context within which the judiciary operate as well as focusing on the Rule of Law and the HRA 1998. In an article 'Law and democracy', published in the Spring 1995 edition of Public Law, Sir John Laws, Justice of the High Court, Queen's Bench Division, considered the appropriate role of judges within the constitution from the perspective of the judge (footnotes omitted).

2012 ◽  
pp. 54-65
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Rule Of Law ◽  
The European Union ◽  
The Rule Of Law ◽  
Political Role ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Parliamentary Sovereignty ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Right ◽  
And Control

scholarly journals On the question of the language behavior of Kyivans in sociolinguistic dimensions

2020 ◽  
pp. 24-41
Author(s):  
Iuliya Makarets
Keyword(s):  
Native Language ◽  
The State ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
National Language ◽  
Political Debate ◽  
Public Language ◽  
Political Role ◽  
Language Behavior ◽  
The Status

The article presents the results of a survey conducted within the project under the grant of the President of Ukraine F82 "Linguo-sociological monitoring of the dynamics of the structure and status of the Ukrainian language in modern times" (2019). The study involved 400 Kyivans 18 to 65 years old. The main goal was to supplement the sociolinguistic studies of the language situation of Ukraine of recent years with new data, but not to duplicate them. Till now, researchers focus on the language of everyday communication of respondents, on the native language of their parents, on the language of communication in the family, with friends and in professional life. Therefore, 10 questions were selected for the questionnaire, which should reveal the status perception of language and language guidelines of the respondents. The obtained data show, that the native language self-determination of Kyivans not always determines their language behavior. 73.25% of respondents called Ukrainian their native language, but the informational and cultural space in which they live remains mostly bilingual or Russian-language. 79.75% of respondents said, that the state should support functioning of the Ukrainian language, which should indicate a fairly high value attitude to the language. However, 32% consider the measures, that were taken by the state to ensure the functioning of the Ukrainian language, for example, in media, which so far were predominantly Russian- language, needless and 22% say, that the quota did not affect the situation in any way. More than 32% of Ukrainians six months after the adoption of the new version of the spelling standard did not acquaint with it or even did not hear about it at all, which indicates indifference to language development. There is significant percentage of those, who do not see value in the national language and are not aware of the need for public language policy aimed at supporting it. This indicates an insufficient level of language consciousness of Ukrainians. Reflections on the Ukrainian language are mostly caused by the fact, that it is a frequent subject of political debate, rather than by awareness of its essence as a cultural and nation-building factor. Therefore, there is an urgent need to shift the emphasis in its perception from its purely political role to cultural and value essence.

scholarly journals Education in Madrassa: Understanding the Motivation and Prospects of Passed out Students in Abbottabad, Pakistan

2021 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 633-646
Author(s):  
Adnan Ahmad Dogar Et al.
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Group Discussion ◽  
Male Students ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Religious Institutions ◽  
Economic Role ◽  
Political Role ◽  
The Social

Religious institutions have become a highly debated field especially after the incident of 9/11. A section of scholars held madrassa students responsible for growing unemployment and despair in the society. Besides the formal education in Pakistan hundreds of thousands of students are also studying in madrassas. The curricula being taught in madrassas is out dated and nonconforming with the contemporary needs of the society. The study analyzed the motivation behind student enrollments in the madrassas and socio economic role of the passed out students of madrassa. Primary data was collected from 143 respondents consisting of enrolled and passed out students, teachers and administration staff of madrassas through questionnaires followed up with in depth interviews and focus group discussion. The study revealed that high number of students (58% male &52 female) joined madrassa due to the poverty. Overall 70% parents were found to be illiterate or less educated (illiterate 15%, & below matric 55%) whereas 78% students belonged from large and overburdened families. On the other hand, the unemployment ratio was found to low (10%) in male students and surprisingly high in female students (65%) due to various cultural factors. However, the employed respondents (85% male and 13% female) were found to be receiving very low income depicting a negligible economic role of the passed-out students of madrassa. On contrary the social and political role of the madrassa was reveled surprisingly significant.

scholarly journals Empowering Society in Waste Management System with the Reduce Reuse and Recycle Approach in Pagarawan Bangka

2021 ◽  
Vol 926 (1) ◽  
pp. 012020
Author(s):  
Sujadmi ◽  
L Hayati ◽  
R A Saputri
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Management System ◽  
Group Discussion ◽  
Waste Management System ◽  
Community Needs ◽  
The People ◽  
Data Collection Technique ◽  
Village Organization ◽  
Social Empowerment ◽  
Depth Interviews

Abstract Nowadays, community needs have drastically increased. It can lead to an increase in waste. It makes things worse when waste mismanagement occurs. Reduce, reuse, and recycle can help waste management successfully. The waste management in Desa Pagarawan is being implemented. It requires evaluating the implementation. The study aims to analyze reduce, reuse, and recycle in waste management through social empowerment in Desa Pagarawan, Bangka. Descriptive qualitative was applied as the research method. Observation, focus group discussion, and in-depth interviews were applied as the data collection technique. The head of a village, village-owned enterprise, and village organization staffs were the informant of the study. It was discovered that reduce, reuse, and recycle were far from being implemented in the waste management system in Desa Pagarawan. The people remained hoarding, burning, and littering trash improperly. It suggested that the local government and society as a whole should be more participative in implementing reduce, reuse, and recycle to achieve sustainable waste management.

scholarly journals PEMBANGUNAN HUKUM DALAM RANGKA PENINGKATAN SUPREMASI HUKUM

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wicipto Setiadi
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Rule Of Law ◽  
Legal Culture ◽  
Harmonious Society ◽  
Integrated System ◽  
Legal Issues ◽  
The Rule Of Law ◽  
Current State ◽  
The Law ◽  
The Stability

<p>Konstitusi menyatakan bahwa negara Indonesia adalah negara hukum. Ketentuan tersebut mengandung makna bahwa hukum merupakan sesuatu yang supreme . Dengan supremasi hukum diharapkan lahir ketertiban ( order ) atau tata kehidupan masyarakat yang harmonis dan berkeadilan sehingga hukum dapat berperan dalam menjaga stabilitas negara. Dari empat belas tahun pasca reformasi Indonesia, pembangunan hukum menjadi salah satu agenda utama, namun Indonesia belum mampu keluar dari berbagai persoalan hukum, dan bahkan terjebak ke dalam ironi sebagai salah satu negara paling korup. Penelitian yang mengangkat permasalahan tentang kondisi penegakan hukum saat ini dilaksanakan dengan menggunakan metode kepustakaan. Dari hasil penelitian terlihat bahwa prestasi penegakan hukum mulai terlihat dalam beberapa tahun terakhir, meskipun masih juga terlihat beberapa masalah di berbagai sisi. Satu satu hal penting yang harus diperhatikan dalam pelaksanakan pembangunan hukum, yaitu hukum harus dipahami dan dikembangkan sebagai satu kesatuan sistem yang di dalamnya terdapat elemen kelembagaan, elemen materi hukum, dan elemen budaya hukum.</p><p>The Constitution declare that Indonesia is a state of law. Provision implies that the law is something that is supreme. With the rule of law is expected to appear order or a harmonious society and justice so that law can play a role in maintaining the stability of the country. Of the fourteen years of post-reform Indonesia, development of the law became one of the main agenda, but Indonesia has not been able to get out of a variety of legal issues, and even stuck to the irony as one of the most corrupt countries. The research raised issues about the current state of law enforcement is being carried out by using literature methods. From the research shows that achievement of law enforcement began to appear in recent years, although it is also seen some problems on the various sides. One of the important things that must be considered in implementing the construction of the law, the law must be understood and developed as an integrated system in which there is institutional elements, elements of legal substance, and legal culture elements.</p>

THE PROBLEM OF CORRELATION OF THE CONCEPTS «SOVEREIGNTY» AND «NATIONAL IDENTITY»: THEORETICAL AND PRACTICAL DIMENSION

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
National Identity ◽  
Civil Society ◽  
Rule Of Law ◽  
Natural Community ◽  
Sovereign State ◽  
The Rule Of Law ◽  
Democratic State ◽  
Cultural Component ◽  
The Stability ◽  
The Individual

The position of close connection between the concepts of «national identity» and the concept of «sovereignty» is defended. Emphasis is placed on the fact that in Ukraine the issue of national identity is often related to its ethnic and cultural component. After all, the basis for the formation of national identity after the collapse of the USSR was ethnic identity, mainly due to the fact that in the days of the Soviet state there was no fully developed civil society. But since for a modern nation that integrates into the European community, the civic component of national identity is no less important than ethnic, the next step in its crystallization should be the «cultivation» of a mature civil society. It is articulated that the latter consists of sovereign, educated individuals on whom social (people's) sovereignty depends, which in democratic countries is essentially and procedurally provided by the rule of law and, ultimately, creates the subjectivity and sovereignty of the latter. It is noted that one of the important functions of a sovereign state is the ability to recreate its own national identity. And for a democratic state, it is important to provide everyone with the opportunity to make a conscious and free choice of his identity. After all, when there is a possibility of conscious choice, then a mature civil society is formed, ready to defend its own national identity, as the latter will be formed in its own coordinate system of citizens, rather than under duress, which is more typical of authoritarian and totalitarian states. Which, ultimately, will ensure the stability, subjectivity and sovereignty of the state at both the domestic and foreign policy levels. Emphasis is placed on the fact that the nation is a natural community, and the natural community does not have the ability to articulate the problem of the sovereignty of the individual, which is based on the concept of natural rights. The implementation of the latter can be ensured only by the rule of law under the influence of civil society. The implementation of the latter can be ensured only by the rule of law under the influence of civil society. Therefore, the modern national identity in Ukraine can be formed in the context of European traditions, if the full implementation of both ethnic and civic components.

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