scholarly journals The state of the peripheral circulatory system in infectious diseases

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (11) ◽  
pp. 1210-1217
Author(s):  
F. D. Agafonov
Keyword(s):  
Sudden Death ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Heart Muscle ◽  
Blood Circulation ◽  
Circulatory System ◽  
Coronary Vessels ◽  
The State ◽  
Vascular Thrombosis

The state of blood circulation and the causes of its disorder, both in chronic and, in particular, in acute infectious diseases, have always been of great interest to both clinicians and pathologists. Since the time of Laennec, who first drew attention to the weakness of the heart muscles in those who died from febrile diseases and emphasized, like Louis, weakness and fragility of the heart muscle, they began to look for the causes of these disorders in the state of the heart muscles. A significant success in the study of diseases of the heart muscle in infectious diseases was the teaching of Virchow about parenchymal inflammation, confirmed by Bttcher for typhoid and Mosler for diphtheria. While these authors spoke only about parenchymal inflammation of the heart muscle, Hayem was able to establish under the same conditions also interstitial myocarditis, and later productive endoarteritis of the coronary vessels, which, causing vascular thrombosis, could be the cause of sudden death during typhoid.

scholarly journals Natural death of the employees at workplace in Ukraine in the dynamics of 2015-2020

2021 ◽  
Vol 100 (3) ◽  
pp. 13-21
Author(s):  
A.M. Nahorna ◽  
◽  
N.V. Savenkova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Sudden Death ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Mining Industry ◽  
Circulatory System ◽  
The State ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Natural Death ◽  
Record Keeping ◽  
Cultural Sphere

Introduction: In recent years, there has been a gradual decline in occupational traumatism in Ukraine, but an in-depth analysis of the data shows that statistics does not fully reveal the complexity of the current situation on occupational traumatism and the quality of its registration and record-keeping, especially in case of sudden death at a workplace. According to the Resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers of April 17, 2019 № 337 on «Procedure for investigation and record-keeping of the incidents, occupational diseases, and accidents at the production» (with changes made in accordance with the Resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers № 1, 05.01.2021) the amendments were made where the circumstances of an accident and / or acute occupational disease (poisoning), cases of sudden death were recognized as related to production (according to the Article 52, paragraphs 6-8). Objective: We identified the regularities of the formation of the indicators of natural death at workplace of the employees over 2015-2020 in Ukraine. Materials and methods: According to the data of the State Statistics Committee of Ukraine and the State Labour Service of Ukraine, we performed the analysis of natural deaths of the employees at workplace in the dynamics of monitoring by the types of economic activity, occupations and causes over 2015-2020 and established the ways for the improvement of their record-keeping. Statistical data were evaluated with the help of rankings, methods of generally accepted statistical analysis. Results and discussion: From 2015 to 2019, the number of the accidents at production, registered and recognized as insured events, decreased from 4,260 to 3,876 (by 9.0%), and the number of the fatal traumatized increased from 375 to 422 (by 11.1%). In 2020, the number of the accidents (A) increased up to 6121 (by 30.4%), and the accidents with fatal consequences increased up to 653 (by 42.5%), mainly due to the diseases of circulatory system and COVID-19. In recent years, there has been an increase in sudden deaths (SD) and «rejuvenation» of the contingent of working people.The problem of natural death is actual worldwide and according to the WHO, makes up 5-7%. Among those who died of natural causes, young people aged 20-39 years make up a significant proportion, mainly due to circulatory diseases and COVID-19. It was established that in the dynamics of 2015-2020, there were 4861 cases of natural death (ND) at workplace in Ukraine, which are 8.0-16.2 per 100 thousand working population and 27.2-55.0 per 100 thousand population working under harmful working conditions against 5.3 and 14.1 in 2012. The analysis of cases of ND in terms of gender, age and length of service shows that more than 77.0% are men aged 20-60 years old. The distribution of cases of ND at the workplace in Ukraine by the branches of industry shows that the socio-cultural sphere (30.0-55.2%), transport (16%), engineering and metallurgy (10.5-6.6%), coal and mining industry (4.2-2.4%) are the main ones. The cases of ND at workplaces from diseases of the circulatory system in the employees of social sphere and transport, miners of coal mines have been analyzed in details. The methods of prevention of ND at workplace are proposed. Conclusions: 1. The problem of natural death at the workplace requires an additional legislation to determine the circumstances of death connected with the working conditions or the feautures of the production process. 2. The most frequent cases of ND at the workplace in Ukraine are registered among employees of the socio-cultural sphere (30.0-55.2%), transport (16%), mechanical engineering and metallurgical industry (10.5-6.6%), construction and road construction, agro-industrial complex , coal and mining industry (4.2-2.4%). 3. Diseases of the circulatory system (acute cardiovascular failure (heart attack, stroke), coronary heart disease, heart and lung failure on the background of nervous and emotional stress, lack of sleep, the presence of a complex work schedule (daily, 12 hours, night shifts, which requires a separate study of causation) and impact of the adverse factors of the working environment were the main causes of ND in the employees. 4. Prevention of ND is in the field of the restoration of the system of providing medical care to employees, improvement of the quality of preventive medical examinations, pre-shift control, occupational selection.

Individual mechanisms underlying peripheral nerve damage when exposed to metallic mercury

2020 ◽  
Vol 60 (12) ◽  
pp. 918-924
Author(s):  
Dina V. Rusanova ◽  
Oleg L. Lakhman ◽  
Galina M. Bodienkova ◽  
Irina V. Kudaeva ◽  
Natalya G. Kuptsova
Keyword(s):  
Peripheral Nerve ◽  
Peripheral Nerves ◽  
Blood Circulation ◽  
The State ◽  
Contact Period ◽  
Peripheral Nerve Damage ◽  
Demyelinating Disorders ◽  
Peripheral Blood Circulation ◽  
Antibodies To Dna

Introduction. There is a lack of knowledge of the pathophysiological mechanisms that form peripheral nerve disorders in mercury lesions of professional origin. The study aims to reveal the mechanisms underlying peripheral nerve damage in the long-term post-contact period of chronic mercury intoxication (CMI). Materials and methods. Fifty-one people had the diagnosis of a long-term period of CMI. The post-contact period was 8.5±2.6 years. The authors compared the results with a control group of 26 healthy men who had no contact with toxic substances. Stimulating electroneuromyography was performed. We studied the body systems that could contribute to the formation of disorders in the peripheral nerves. Changes in peripheral hemodynamics were studied using reovasography. The content of autoantibodies, neuron-specific enolase, serotonin, histamine, catecholamines (epinephrine, dopamine), metanephrine, and neurotrophin-3 was reviewed. The content of ceruloplasmin, secondary products of lipid peroxidation processes, reduced glutathione, the activity of superoxide dismutase and the content of nitric oxide levels were determined. Results. The study established pathogenetic structural links of peripheral nerve disorders. The autoimmune process's role was to increase the range of antibodies to the MAG protein and increase the level of antibodies to DNA. Violations of elastic-tonic properties of peripheral vessels could be associated with the functional state of motor axons. The increased content of neurotransmitters is related to the state of peripheral blood circulation; the most pronounced changes were on the legs, which could contribute to the occurrence and maintenance of vasoconstriction. The role of oxidative stress in the formation of demyelinating disorders in patients' peripheral nerves in the long-term period of CRI is possible. Conclusion. Neuroimmunological processes has an essential role in the development of peripheral nerve demyelination was shown, which consists in an increase in the content of antibodies to the MAG protein expressed on Schwann cells of peripheral nerves and in an increase in the level of antibodies to DNA involved in the formation of demyelinating changes when exposed to metallic mercury. The revealed pathological changes in the state of the peripheral blood circulation, characterized by a violation of the vessels' elastic-tonic properties, leading to demyelination of motor axons in patients in the long-term period of CMI. The increased content of neurotransmitters in the examined is of great importance in the state of peripheral circulation. Pronounced changes in blood circulation are established on the lower extremities, which may be associated with the predominance of α-adrenergic receptors in the arterial bed and may contribute to the occurrence and maintenance of vasoconstriction in the legs. The relationship between changes in indicators of oxidative stress, consisting of a decrease in the value of superoxide dismutase and reduced glutathione, and the formation of demyelinating disorders of peripheral nerves in patients in the long-term period of CMI has been proved.

FEATURES OF CAPILLARY BLOOD FLOW IN PATIENTS WITH PATHOLOGY OF INTRANASAL STRUCTURES AND NASAL BREATHING DISORDERS

2020 ◽  
pp. 53-59
Author(s):  
N. O. Shushliapina ◽  
O. Ye. Cherniakova
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Vascular Tissue ◽  
Circulatory System ◽  
Capillary Blood ◽  
The State ◽  
Capillary Blood Flow ◽  
Nasal Breathing ◽  
Breathing Disorders ◽  
Special Software ◽  
Capillary Circulation

The investigation of the vascular microcirculation system is important for diagnosis, assessment of the severity and nature of pathological processes in human body, monitoring the effectiveness of treatment. Monitoring the state of microcirculation in impaired respiratory function of the nose helps to study the subtle mechanisms of regulation of vascular−tissue relations. To do this, there were used the biomicroscopic methods to study capillary blood flow, one of the most relevant and promising is optical capillaroscopy of the nail bed. This method makes it possible to identify at the evidence level the peculiarities of the functioning of the peripheral circulatory system by the state of the capillary system and to evaluate the effectiveness of treatment by the rheological properties of blood in hematological practice. There were examined 145 patients by means of computer capillaroscopy to study the rate of capillary circulation in the patients with pathology of intranasal structures and nasal breathing disorders. All patients underwent a complete clinical examination, routine instrumental examinations, and computer capillaroscopy using a video capillaroscope with a visual magnification of up to 550 times. The obtained images were stored and processed according to a special software. During the characterization of the capillaroscopic picture there were evaluated: pathological tortuosity, change in the caliber of arterioles and venules, disorganization of the capillary network, the number of functioning capillaries. Changes in the speed and nature of capillary blood flow (accelerated, slow, stasis) were observed. The optical capillaroscopy method allows not only to visually assess the condition of microvessels, but also to determine such an important parameter as blood circulation, actually, it can replace the study of laser Doppler. Such data will be important in the diagnosis of respiratory and olfactory disorders and the formation of adequate tactics for their treatment. Key words: microcirculation, microcirculatory tract, capillary circulation, nasal obstruction, nasal breathing disorders, pathology of intranasal structures, computer capillaroscopy.

scholarly journals Sudden death associated with Niedenzuella stannea (Malpighiaceae) in cattle in the State of Mato Grosso, Brazil: importance and epidemiological aspects

2017 ◽  
Vol 37 (7) ◽  
pp. 662-666
Author(s):  
Flávio H.B. Caldeira ◽  
Geovanny B.G. Dias ◽  
Felipe P. de Arruda ◽  
Valdecy de M. Lourenço ◽  
Kalinne S. Bezerra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sudden Death ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
The State ◽  
Acute Disease ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Control Methods ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Araguaia River ◽  
Young Leaves ◽  
Plant Control

ABSTRACT: The aim of this study was to investigate the importance of an acute disease that was characterized by sudden death associated with exercise that affected cattle in the region of the Araguaia River, especially in the municipality of Torixoréu, southeastern Mato Grosso, Brazil. Between August and September 2013, eighty farms in the municipality were visited and the pastures of these farms were inspected. Epidemiological questionnaires were completed from 65 farms. A plant identified as Niedenzuella stannea (N. stannea) of the Malpighiaceae family was attributed to the cause of sudden death in cattle, what causes major economic losses. Sudden death reports have occurred since 1970, when livestock was introduced into the region, and sudden death reports still occur. Outbreaks were reported to occur from May to October, but mainly during the dry season between June and August. N. stannea was identified at 41 farms and was always found in near to rivers. The most effective plant control methods included plowing the pastures and fields followed by manual application of Tordon® (Picloram and 2.4D). The administration of 5g/kg of young leaves which were collected from a farm with a sudden death history in cattle also caused sudden death in a sheep. Thus, it is concluded that the sudden death of cattle in the region of the Araguaia River is caused by the consumption of N. stannea.

scholarly journals Cattle trade between and within biomes in the state of Mato Grosso, Brazil

2018 ◽  
Vol 38 (11) ◽  
pp. 2023-2028
Author(s):  
Rísia L. Negreiros ◽  
José H.H. Grisi-Filho ◽  
Ricardo A. Dias ◽  
Fernando Ferreira ◽  
Valéria S.F. Homem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Animal Movement ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
The State ◽  
Disease Spread ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Movement Data ◽  
Cattle Movements ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
And Control

ABSTRACT: The analysis of animal movement patterns may help identify farm premises with a potentially high risk of infectious disease introduction. Farm herd sizes and bovine movement data from 2007 in the state of Mato Grosso, Brazil, were analyzed. There are three different biomes in Mato Grosso: the Amazon, Cerrado, and Pantanal. The analysis of the animal trade between and within biomes would enable characterization of the connections between the biomes and the intensity of the internal trade within each biome. We conducted the following analyses: 1) the concentration of cattle on farm premises in the state and in each biome, 2) the number and relative frequency of cattle moved between biomes, and 3) the most frequent purposes for cattle movements. Twenty percent (20%) of the farm premises had 81.15% of the herd population. Those premises may be important not only for the spread of infectious diseases, but also for the implementation of surveillance and control strategies. Most of the cattle movement was intrastate (97.1%), and internal movements within each biome were predominant (88.6%). A high percentage of movement from the Pantanal was to the Cerrado (48.6%), the biome that received the most cattle for slaughter, fattening and reproduction (62.4%, 56.8%, and 49.1% of all movements for slaughter, fattening, and reproduction, respectively). The primary purposes for cattle trade were fattening (43.5%), slaughter (31.5%), and reproduction (22.7%). Presumably, movements for slaughter has a low risk of disease spread. In contrast, movements for fattening and reproduction purposes (66.2% of all movements) may contribute to an increased risk of the spread of infectious diseases.

Impact of hydrological factors on human health and the spread of disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 58 (9) ◽  
pp. 72-76
Author(s):  
Solmaz Isaq Rzayeva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Medical Geography ◽  
The State ◽  
Chemical Environment ◽  
Geographical Environment ◽  
Geochemical Factors

In the article in addition to the description of the state of hydrological and geochemical factors, related to the ecogeographic environment, the influence of the ecological-chemical environment on the spread of public health was revealed. The analysis of the influence of the medical-geographical environment on the occurrence and spread of diseases was given. Key words: hydrology, non-infection diseases, eco-geographical condition, endemic gaiter, infectious diseases, ecology geochemical, environmental, medical geography condition

Reye Syndrome and Aspirin Use: The Role of Prodromal Illness Severity in the Assessment of Relative Risk

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1982 ◽  
Vol 69 (6) ◽  
pp. 822-825
Author(s):  
John T. Wilson ◽  
R. Don Brown
Keyword(s):  
Relative Risk ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Epidemiologic Study ◽  
Study Data ◽  
The State ◽  
Reye Syndrome ◽  
Confounding Variable ◽  
Large Magnitude ◽  
American Academy Of Pediatrics

In response to "Aspirin and Reye Syndrome" by the Committee on Infectious Diseases of the American Academy of Pediatrics (p 810), we offer comments which are restricted to our analysis of existing epidemiologic study data, portions of which were provided to us by the Ohio, Michigan, and Arizona investigators. This commentary should not be construed as our approval or disapproval of aspirin use in children. Rather, it summarizes our specific disagreements with the interpretation of the state epidemiologic data that were the basis of the report by the Committee on Infectious Diseases. We have found that an unassessed confounding variable of large magnitude is common to the state studies.

DYNAMICS IN INCIDENCE OF DISEASES OF THE CIRCULATORY SYSTEM AMONG ADULTS IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION IN 2007-2019

2021 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
A.A. Savina ◽  
◽  
S.I. Feyginova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Incidence Structure ◽  
Circulatory System ◽  
Total Mortality ◽  
The State ◽  
Ministry Of Health ◽  
Study Results ◽  
The Russian Federation

Significance. Diseases of the circulatory system remain one of the leading causes of death and morbidity of the adult population. Over the years, the efforts of the State aimed at controlling diseases of the circulatory system have made the contribution of this disease class to the total mortality in Russia gradually reduce. Nevertheless, diseases of the circulatory system remain the leading ones among diseases, characterized by a steady growth and rapidly increasing prevalence among the population. The purpose of the study is to analyze dynamics in incidence and prevalence of the diseases of the circulatory system among the Russian adult population in 2007-2019. Material and methods. The study used data of the statistical collections of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation and the Federal Research Institute for Health Organization and Informatics of the Ministry of Health of Russia: "Morbidity of the adult population of the Russian Federation" for 2007-2019. The study, which is a continuous statistical observation, used the method of direct ranking, calculation of indicators of time series. Results. Diseases of the circulatory system in 2019 ranked fourth in the incidence structure of the adult population (8%), while its prevalence ranked second to none (21%). Over 13 years, the incidence of diseases of the circulatory system in adults increased by 42% (2007-2019) while its prevalence increased by 24%. The highest levels of incidence of diseases of the circulatory system in 2019 are registered in the Krasnodar Territory (9,024.3 per 100 000 population, + 324%), the Kurgan Region (7,404.2, + 103%) and the Karachayevo-Circassian Republic (7 286.2, + 268%), and prevalence - in the Altai Territory (52 557.6, + 2%), the Chuvash Republic (51 814.6, + 38%) and the Voronezh Region (45 339.4, + 59%). The maximum rates of increase in morbidity with diseases of the circulatory system from 2007 to 2019 are registered in the South Federal district (incidence - by 119%, prevalence - by 56%), among the constituent entities of the Russian Federation: incidence - in the Krasnodar Territory (by 324%), prevalence – the Karachayevo-Circassian Republic (by 136%). According to the state statistical reporting, on average, every 7th acute myocardial infarction is complicated by recurrent heart attack in Russia. Conclusions. Throughout the study period of 13 years, the leading nosological forms include: Hypertensive diseases (35%; 45%, respectively), Ischemic heart diseases (22%; 21,6%) and Cerebrovascular diseases (23%; 20%). Over half of the diseases of the circulatory system are registered in the older working ages (55-60 and over). Scope of application. The study results can be useful to regional authorities in public health in planning and implementing regional programs aimed at controlling diseases of the circulatory system.

Tuberculosis allergy

1937 ◽  
Vol 33 (10) ◽  
pp. 1237-1244
Author(s):  
N. N. Sirotinin
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Causative Agent ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
The State ◽  
Exceptional Value

The doctrine of allergy in general and tuberculosis in particular appeared during the heyday of bacteriology and immunology. This was the time when in the etiology of infectious diseases the causative agent was attributed to an exceptional value, while the state of the microorganism was interested mainly in terms of its immuno-biological properties.

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