scholarly journals Antioxidant Activities of Various Brown Seaweeds from Seribu Islands

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 305 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seftylia Diachanty ◽  
N. Nurjanah ◽  
Asadatun Abdullah
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Proximate Analysis ◽  
Crude Fiber ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Brown Seaweeds ◽  
Antioxidants Activity ◽  
Ic50 Values

Brown seaweeds contain various metabolites (carotenoids, laminarin, alginate, fucoidan, mannitol, and phlorotannin) as anticancer substances, antioxidants and chemopreventive agent against degenerative diseases. This research was aimed to determine the chemical properties and antioxidants activity of Sargassum polycystum, Padina minor and Turbinaria conoides. This research consisted of the proximate analysis, crude fiber, minerals, heavy metals, extraction, phytochemicals, analysis phenolic compound and antioxidant activity with DPPH, FRAP and CUPRAC methods. The results showed moisture content of S. polycystum, P.  minor, and T. conoides 24-31%, fat 0.23-0,47%, protein 3-4%, ash 27-45%, carbohydrate 26-38% and crude fiber 2-6%. Mineral Fe S. polycystum, P.minor and T.conoides about 0.03 g/kg to 0.39 g/kg, Ca 11.28 g/kg to 27.98 g/kg, K 13.86 g/kg to 41.15 g/kg, Na 16.31 g/kg to 20.51 g/kg and Mg 8.04 g/ kg to 18.68 g/kg. The range of heavy metals Pb S. polycystum, P.  m i n o r  and T. conoides 3.48 mg/kg to 12.68 mg/kg, Hg 0.24 mg/kg to 0.53 mg/kg and Cu 5.66 mg/kg to 7.02 mg/kg. Ethanol extract of S. polycystum, P. minor, and T. conoides contains alkaloids, phenolic, flavonoids, saponins, steroids, and triterpenoids. Total phenolic compounds of brown seaweeds ranged from 3758.97-8287.18 mg GAE/g. Brown seaweeds contain DPPH antioxidant activities within IC50 values of 1.9-9.6 mg/mL, FRAP 70.643-105.357 µmol Trolox/g and CUPRAC 85.268-201 µmol Trolox/g.

scholarly journals Characteristics of Green Seaweeds from Seribu Islands and Sekotong West Nusa Tenggara Antioxidant

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 620 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chairun Nufus ◽  
N. Nurjanah ◽  
Asadatun Abdullah
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Metal Content ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Proximate Analysis ◽  
Caulerpa Lentillifera ◽  
Ic50 Values ◽  
Green Seaweed ◽  
Phytochemical Compounds

Green seaweeds contain many bioactive compounds which one of them act as antioxidants as well as rich in fibers and essential minerals. This study was aimed to determine physicochemicals properties of Caulerpa lentillifera, Halimeda opuntia and Ulva lactuca and as well as their antioxidant activities. Research consists of proximate analysis, mineral composition, phytochemical compounds, heavy metal content and<br />antioxidant activity of extract green seaweed by CUPRAC, DPPH and FRAP method. The results of the study macronutrient analysis shows the moisture content ranged from 10.83% to 28.41%, ash 24.97% to 70.66%, fat 3.80% to 5.26%, fiber 2.63% to 3.86%, protein 0.18% to 1.43% and carbohydrate 10.69% to 36.49%. Mineral Ca C. lentillifera, H. opuntia and U.  lactuca about 17, 95-124,39 g/kg, Fe 0,13-0,34 g/kg,<br />K 2,29-12,28 g/kg, Mg 2.63-22.23 g/kg and Na 21.16-34.18 g/kg. The heavy metals content of C. lentillifera, H. opuntia and U.  lactuca ranged in Pb 13.57 mg/kg to 37.76 mg/kg, Cu 5.02 mg/kg to 8.32 mg/kg and Hg 0.170 mg/kg to 0.265 mg/kg. Phytochemicals properties of C. lentillifera, H. opuntia and U.  lactuca were<br />alkaloids, flavonoids, phenols hydroquinone, saponins, steroids and triterpenoids. Antioxidant activity of ethanol extract DPPH showed IC50 values ranged from 1.6–4 445 mg /L, CUPRAC 138.21–212.43 μmol trolox/g extract, FRAP 175.93–181.79 μmol trolox/g extract. <br /><br />

scholarly journals Characteristics of Brown Seaweeds Sargassum policystum and Padina minor from Pohuwato Water, Gorontalo

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 296
Author(s):  
Shindy Hamidah Manteu ◽  
Nurjanah Nurjanah ◽  
Tati Nurhayati
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Brown Seaweed ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Proximate Analysis ◽  
Brown Seaweeds ◽  
Hypertensive Patients ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Metals Extraction

Brown seaweed is one of the abundant resources that grows on the reefs of Pohuwato, Gorontalo Province. This research was aimed to determine the characteristics of <em>S. polycystum</em> and <em>P. minor</em> as sources of salt for hypertensive patients. The research consisted of proximate analysis, minerals, heavy metals, extraction, phytochemicals, phenols analysis, and antioxidant activity. <em>S. polycystum, P. minor</em> had water content of 17.69-22.31%, ash 24.51-30.53%, fat 0.50-0.52%, protein 3.65-4.78%, carbohydrates 53.66-41.88 and crude fiber 3.81-6.52%. The seaweeds also contained  Mg 8.89-22.41 mg/g, Fe 0.50-1.00 mg/g, K 26.90-32.71%, Na 22.23-22.69 mg/g, Ca 18.06-32.91 mg/g and ratio Na:K 0.69-0.83 mg/g. Heavy metals were detected in low levels with the content&lt;0.002-&lt;0.004 ppm. Ethanol extract of S. polycystum contained flavonoid, saponin, streoid, alkaloid. Meanwhile ethanol extract of <em>P. minor</em> contained flavonoid, saponin, triterpenoid, stereoid, phenol, dan alkaloid. Total phenol level of<em> S. polycystum</em> was 173.6 mg GAE/g and <em>P. minor</em> was 568.7 mg GAE/g. The antioxidant IC50 of <em>S. Polycystum</em> was 77.58 mg/L while <em>P. minor</em> was 66.38 mg/L.

Phytochemical composition and antioxidant activity of Malus baccata (L.) Borkh. fruits

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 47
Author(s):  
Nadezhda Petkova ◽  
Manol Ognyanov ◽  
Blaga Inyutin ◽  
Petar Zhelev ◽  
Panteley Denev
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Total Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Frap Assay ◽  
Phytochemical Composition ◽  
Malus Baccata

Crab apple (Malus baccata (L.) Borkh.) was mainly distributed in Europe as an ornamental plant, but the nutritional properties of its edible fruits were not fully revealed. The aim of the current study was to characterize the phytochemical composition of ripen carb apple fruits and to evaluate their nutritional and antioxidant potentials. The fruits were assayed for moisture and ash content, proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, titratable acidity (TA), pH, total phenolic compounds and natural pigments. Among the analyzed carbohydrates cellulose was found in the highest content (6% dw), followed by sugars (sucrose, glucose and fructose) and 1.8 % dw uronic acids. The total chlorophylls and carotenoids contents in their fruits were 6.51 and 4.80 μg/g fw, respectively. Total monomeric anthocyanins were not detected. The highest content of total phenolic compounds (2.67 mg GAE/g fw) was found in 95 % ethanol extract from fruits, while the total flavonoids were relatively low – 0.1 mg QE/g fw. DPPH assay (17.27 mM TE/g fw) and FRAP assay (14.34 mM TE/g fw) demonstrated in vitro antioxidant activities of crabapple. Malus baccata fruits were evaluated as a rich source of dietary fibers and phenolic compounds with significant antioxidant potential that could be used in human nutrition.

scholarly journals Effect of particle size on phytochemical composition and antioxidant properties of Sargassum cristaefolium ethanol extract

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
E. S. Prasedya ◽  
A. Frediansyah ◽  
N. W. R. Martyasari ◽  
B. K. Ilhami ◽  
A. S. Abidin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Particle Size ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Particle Sizes ◽  
Epicatechin Gallate ◽  
Particle Size Reduction ◽  
Phytochemical Composition

AbstractSample particle size is an important parameter in the solid–liquid extraction system of natural products for obtaining their bioactive compounds. This study evaluates the effect of sample particle size on the phytochemical composition and antioxidant activity of brown macroalgae Sargassum cristaefolium. The crude ethanol extract was extracted from dried powders of S.cristeafolium with various particle sizes (> 4000 µm, > 250 µm, > 125 µm, > 45 µm, and < 45 µm). The ethanolic extracts of S.cristaefolium were analysed for Total Phenolic Content (TPC), Total Flavonoid Content (TFC), phenolic compound concentration and antioxidant activities. The extract yield and phytochemical composition were more abundant in smaller particle sizes. Furthermore, the TPC (14.19 ± 2.08 mg GAE/g extract to 43.27 ± 2.56 mg GAE/g extract) and TFC (9.6 ± 1.8 mg QE/g extract to 70.27 ± 3.59 mg QE/g extract) values also significantly increased as particle sizes decreased. In addition, phenolic compounds epicatechin (EC), epicatechin gallate (ECG), epigallocatechin (EGC), and Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) concentration were frequently increased in samples of smaller particle sizes based on two-way ANOVA and Tukey’s multiple comparison analysis. These results correlate with the significantly stronger antioxidant activity in samples with smaller particle sizes. The smallest particle size (< 45 µm) demonstrated the strongest antioxidant activity based on DPPH, ABTS, hydroxyl assay and FRAP. In addition, ramp function graph evaluates the desired particle size for maximum phytochemical composition and antioxidant activity is 44 µm. In conclusion, current results show the importance of particle size reduction of macroalgae samples to increase the effectivity of its biological activity.

scholarly journals Karakterisasi Fraksi Aktif Antioksidan dari Ekstrak Etanol Biji Kemangi (Ocimum Basilicum L.)

2015 ◽  
pp. 39-49
Author(s):  
Dede Sukandar ◽  
Sandra Hermanto ◽  
Eka Rizki Amelia ◽  
Chitta Putri Novianti
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Column Chromatography ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Ocimum Basilicum ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Solvent Fractionation ◽  
Butanol Extract ◽  
Dpph Method ◽  
Ic50 Values

Characterization of antioxidant compounds from the seeds of basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) has been done. Extraction is done by maceration method using ethanol solvent, fractionation by TLC and column chromatography, antioxidants test using DPPH method, and characterization of antioxidant compound using GCMS. Ethanol extract and results of fractionation ethanol extract of basil seeds using n-hexane, ethyl acetate, n-butanol and methanol-water extracts show that n-butanol extract has the highest antioxidant activity with IC50 values ​​of 41.90 ppm. Results of column chromatography n-butanol extract using n-hexane : ethyl acetate (1:9) as mobile phase yielded 5 fractions with fraction 4 (F4 isolate) has dominant stain of active antioxidants after being sprayed DPPH reagent, it had IC50 values ​​of 39,70 ppm and total phenolic content of 0,003 mg/g. Isolate F4 suspected contains two active compounds as antioxidant which is terpenoid and phenolic compound group, namely squalene and 1,4-di-tert-buthyl-phenol identified by GCMS.DOI :http://dx.doi.org/10.15408/jkv.v0i0.3598

scholarly journals Comparative Analysis of Crude Protein, Total Phenolic and Antioxidant Contents of Raw and Commercially Packed Turmeric and Red Chilies

2021 ◽  
pp. 47-56
Author(s):  
Rubaiat Nazneen Akhand ◽  
Shoriful Islam ◽  
Mohammad Mehedi Hasan Khan
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Total Phenolics ◽  
Proximate Analysis ◽  
Brand Names ◽  
Crude Fiber ◽  
Lower Amount ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Local Market ◽  
Mineral Contents ◽  
Chili Powder

Background: Turmeric and red chili are the common spices used for cuisine preparation in Bangladesh. Commercially packed turmeric and red chili might have decreased nutrient contents compared to raw turmeric and red chili. Aims:  The study aimed to compare some of the nutrient values between the commercially packed and raw turmeric and red chili. Methods: Commercially packed turmeric and red chili with different brand names (Radhuni, Tiger and Pran) and in raw turmeric and red chili were purchased from local market. Proximate analyses - dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), crude fiber (CF) and mineral contents were performed. The total phenolics and total tannin contents were determined using appropriate methods. Results: The proximate analysis results showed that both Radhuni (97.56 mg/g) and Tiger (97.28 mg/g) turmeric revealed significantly higher content of DM (p<0.001). No notable difference was observed in CP value. Crude fiber value displayed significantly highest value (p<0.001) in Tiger brand (4.96 mg/g) and the lowest in Radhuni brand (1.76 mg/g). Mineral content was significantly (p<0.05) highest in raw turmeric (9.97 mg/g). A significantly higher amount (p<0.001) of DM in packed chili was recorded. Tiger chili contained significantly higher amount of CP (6.02 mg/g) and CF (9.31 mg/g) while Radhuni contained the lower amount of CP (4.81 mg/g) and CF (2.48 mg/g). Raw chili had significantly higher amount of ash (13.24 mg/g). Examination revealed significant level (p<0.001) of total phenolics in acetone extracts of Tiger turmeric and chili powder. Significant amount of tannin was found in raw turmeric (33.89 µg/g; p<0.005); however, Pran brand of turmeric had the lowest amount of tannin (9.53 µg/g). Tannin content recorded in red chili was significantly (p<0.001) higher in commercially packed Tiger brand which was 16.57 µg/g compared to raw red chili (3.315 µg/g). Antioxidant analysis showed higher antioxidant activity in both raw turmeric and red chili powder. Conclusion:  Tiger brand turmeric ensures the standard moisture, fiber and protein contents as well as the amount of phenolics and tannin.

scholarly journals Cotoneaster transcaucasicus Pojark. Meyve Ekstraklarında Biyoaktif Bileşen Miktarlarının ve Antioksidan Aktivitelerinin Belirlenmesi

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 1258-1263
Author(s):  
Fatma Ergün
Keyword(s):  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Hexane Extract ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Methanol Extracts ◽  
Ic50 Values ◽  
Phenolic Substances ◽  
Rosaceae Family ◽  
Phenolic And Flavonoid

In this study, the total phenolic and flavonoid contents and antioxidant activities of hexane and methanol extracts of Cotoneaster transcaucasicus Pojark. fruits in the Rosaceae family were investigated. Using the Folin-Ciocaltaeu method, the amount of phenolic substances was determined as 50.34 ± 2.70 mg of GAE/g in methanol extract and 38.06 ± 1.32 mg of GAE/g in hexane extract. The total amount of flavonoids was calculated as 52.01 ± 3.78 mg of QE/g in the methanol extract and 60.54 ± 6.82 mg of QE/g in the hexane extract, using the aluminum nitrate method. Antioxidant activities of C. transcaucasicus hexane and methanol extracts were evaluated by DPPH and FRAP methods. IC50 values of the extracts were calculated as 0.411 mg/mL for hexane extract and 0.237 mg/mL for methanol extract. In addition, it was determined that the reducing antioxidant power of Fe3+-Fe2+ was higher in hexane extract. As a result, it has been observed that the phenolic and flavonoid content and antioxidant activities of C. transcaucasicus fruits are high. This study is the first study in C. transcaucasicus species and it is thought that it will lead the future studies.

Functional Effects of Pomegranate Peel Extracts on Milk: Antibacterial Measurements, Antioxidant Activities, and Photochemical Characterizations

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 571-579
Author(s):  
Rokayya Sami ◽  
Ebtihal Khojah ◽  
Mona Alharbi ◽  
Amina A. M. Al-Mushhin ◽  
Mohammed Saeed Alkaltham ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Water Extract ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Pomegranate Peel ◽  
Bacteria Growth ◽  
Wonderful Variety ◽  
Ic50 Values

Consumers are interested in antimicrobial by-products from natural sources. The present study aims to estimate the antibacterial effects of different concentrations and solvent extracts such as methanol, ethanol, and water extract of pomegranate peels with the milk quality application in-vitro. Listeria monocytogens, E. coli, Salmonella, and Staphylococcus aureus were used as bacteria growth indicators in two pomegranate varieties (i.e., Wonderful and Francis). Besides, evaluating somephysical characterization, antibacterial and antioxidant activities. Results showed that the highest inhibition zone of 18.88 mm was observed with 90% ethanol extract of Wonderful variety against Listeria monocytogens, at 0, 12.5, 25, and 50 mg/mL concentrations, while the lowest inhibition zone of 11.29 mm was observed with 90% methanol extract of Francis variety, at 12.5 mg/mL concentration. The milk treated with WPE of Wonderful variety maintained the bacterial growth from 1.19 ±0.29 x 109 to 1.43 x 1011 CFU/mL at 4 °C. Punicalagin was the most abundant polyphenolic compound (165.05–190.43 µg/mL) followed by gallic acid (153.08–177.65 µg/mL), and p-Hydroxybenzoic acid (91.29–92.5 mg/mL). Acetaldehyde (23.09–27.15 PPM), followed by acetoin (9.65–15.33 PPM) were the most predominant volatile compounds. The WPE treated milk maintained the sensory evaluations such as taste, color, texture, and overall acceptance longer time longer time (i.e., 144 h) than FPE treated milk (i.e., 168 h) at 4°C. DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging of capacity (IC50 values) of FPE treated milk were found to be lower than WPE treated milk (i.e., 159.65 µg/mL and 131.87 µg/mL), respectively. While, FPE treated milk reported a higher viscosity content than WPE treated milk (13.11 cP). In conclusion, pomegranate peel extracts especially Wonderful variety may be used to prolong the shelf-life of milk in dairy products manufacturers.

scholarly journals Chemical Composition of Urtica simensis Grown in Different Regions of Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Koju Bedekach Bayba ◽  
Amare Aregahegn Dubale ◽  
Bewketu Mehari ◽  
Minaleshewa Atlabachew
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Essential Fatty Acids ◽  
Lipid Fraction ◽  
Proximate Analysis ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Fatty Acid Profiles ◽  
Phenolic And Flavonoid

Leaf samples of Urtica simensis collected from different locations of Ethiopia were analyzed for their proximate compositions, total phenolic and flavonoid contents, antioxidant activities, and fatty acid profiles. The proximate analysis results revealed the presence of ash in the range 17.2–24.3%, crude fat 3.19–3.50%, crude protein 3.42–6.38%, crude fiber 9.37–14.0%, and carbohydrate 56.7–63.7%. The determined total polyphenols, flavonoids, and antioxidant activities ranged 2.18–4.84 mg gallic acid, 1.35–4.46 mg catechin, and 1.58–3.36 mg ascorbic acid, respectively, equivalents per gram of dry sample. High variability was observed for polyphenol and flavonoid contents while only random variation was observed for crude fat and carbohydrate among samples from different locations. In addition, the fatty acid profiles of the leaves were analyzed by using gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. A total of 16 different fatty acids were detected in the samples. Linolenic, palmitic, and linoleic acids were the major fatty acids with average compositions of 36.6, 20.7, and 15.5%, respectively, of the total fatty acid. The result of this study revealed that the carbohydrate and ash contents of leaves of Urtica simensis are exceptionally high to make the leaves a significant source of the dietary important chemicals. Additionally, the lipid fraction of the leaves was found to be rich in essential fatty acids (α-linolenic and linoleic acids) that are critically required in the human diet.

scholarly journals THE ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY AND PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING OF ETHANOL EXTRACT, FRACTIONS OF WATER, ETHYL ACETATE AND n-HEXANE FROM MISTLETOE TEA (SCURRULA ATROPURPUREABL. DANS)

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 343 ◽  
Author(s):  
Resmi Mustarichie
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Hexane Fraction ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Water Fraction ◽  
Ic50 Values

Objective: The aim of this study is to investigate antioxidant activity and phytochemical screening of ethanol extract, fractions of water, ethyl acetate, and n-hexane from mistletoe tea (Scurrula atropurpurea Bl. Dans).Methods: Simplicia extracted using soxhlet equipment with 96% ethanol. Fractionation was conducted using liquid-liquid extraction using a solvent of water, ethyl acetate and n-hexane. Screening of phytochemical and antioxidant activity was performed against these fractions. Antioxidant activity was determined by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl method using ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry with ascorbic acid as standard. Phytochemical screening was conducted based on the method of Farnsworth.Results: The IC50 values of ethanol extract, water fraction, fraction of ethyl acetate, and n-hexane fraction were 21.92 ppm, 89.57 ppm, 14.08 ppm, and 162.09 ppm, respectively, whereas for ascorbic acid was 4.41 ppm. The ethanol extract and ethyl acetate fraction contained compounds were the same group, polyphenolic, tannins, flavonoids, monoterpenoid, steroids, triterpenoids, and quinones. Fraction of water contained compounds such as polyphenolic group, flavonoids, monoterpenoids, sesquiterpenoids, steroids, and triterpenoids. n-hexane fraction compounds contained steroids and triterpenoids.Conclusion: The ethanol extract, water fraction, ethyl acetate fraction, and n-hexane fraction showed antioxidant activities. The ethanol extract, fractions of water, and ethyl acetate fraction contained flavonoids and polyphenolic potential as antioxidants.Keywords: Mistletoe tea, Scurrula atropurpurea, Antioxidant, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl, Ascorbic acid.

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