scholarly journals Epidemiology, clinical profile, complications and treatment outcomes of chronic dacryocystitis in a tertiary care hospital in post lockdown era: An observational study

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-156
Author(s):  
Antarlin Ghosal ◽  
Jyotish Khilar ◽  
Nirupama Rout ◽  
Pranati Chaudhury ◽  
Siddharth Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Observational Study ◽  
Success Rate ◽  
Treatment Outcomes ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
Rural Population ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Cutaneous Fistula ◽  
Preseptal Cellulitis ◽  
Chronic Dacryocystitis

to study the epidemiological factors, clinical features, complications and treatment outcomes of chronic dacryocystitis in Odisha after nationwide lockdown in 2020. An observational study was designed from July 2020 to December 2020 in Regional Institute of Ophthalmology, Cuttack, Odisha. Total of 187 patients presenting with chronic dacryocystits were evaluated thoroughly in various epidemiological parameters. The history and clinical features were noted. After proper evaluation and conservative treatment, those patients were subjected for surgery and the surgical outcomes are followed-up upto 3 more months, i.e. March 2021.: The prevalence of chronic dacryocystitis was around 1.224%. Among the 187 patients, 112 were females (59.9%). The disease was found in highest proportion in the age group of 51-60 years (30.5%) followed by 25.7% in the age group of 61-70 years. 90.4% were from rural population. Socioeconomic status and living standard was found to be a significant factor, people belonging to class 4 & 3 were affected more. Majority of the affected were housewives (39.6%) and farmers (21.9%) followed by small businessmen (13.9%) and wage laborers (12.9%). Epiphora was the commonest presenting symptom in 71.6%, followed by mucopurulent discharge in 29.9% and swelling near the medial canthus in 12.3% cases. Complications like conjunctivitis, keratitis, preseptal cellulitis, cutaneous fistula were present in 6.4%, 8.4%, 7.5% and 5.9% cases respectively in our study group. The success rate of external DCR was reported as 85.8% in this study. Chronic Dacryocystitis, though a common problem of lacrimal drainage system, is much less recognized disease, specially in rural population and in lower socio-economic community in Odisha. Thus patients may present late with one or more complications, e.g. conjunctivitis, keratitis, preseptal cellulitis, lacrimal abscess, mucocele, cutaneous fistula, which is the current scenario in post-lockdown 2020 era. Maintaining all precautions and guidelines for COVID-19, we should not delay treating these patients with surgical measures. The surgical success rate (85.8%) however was not affected much in spite of all these factors.

Aetiological Outcome of Mesenteric Lymphadenopathy and Pain Abdomen in Paediatric Population at a Tertiary Care Hospital (MRIMSHyderabad) - A Hospital Based Prospective Observational Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (29) ◽  
pp. 2601-2608
Author(s):  
Dileep Kumar Allagadda ◽  
Harikrishna Appana ◽  
Ramu Pedada ◽  
Deepika Gurram ◽  
Ditin Joseph
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Observational Study ◽  
Prospective Observational Study ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Paediatric Population ◽  
Etiological Agent ◽  
Parasitic Infections ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Mesenteric Lymphadenitis

BACKGROUND Abdominal pain is a common disorder in children and adolescents worldwide with prevalence rate ranging from 20 - 25 % in school-going children in India. It is a frustrating concern to the child, parents and the physician. Even though abdominal pain is one of the most common complaints in children, it poses a diagnostic challenge owing to the variety of underlying causes. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the aetiology of abdominal pain associated with significant mesenteric lymphadenopathy in a paediatric population. METHODS This is a hospital based prospective, observational study done in Department of Paediatrics, Malla Reddy Institute of Medical Sciences (MRIMS), Hyderabad. RESULTS Out of the 65 children studied, 30.8 % were of 5 - 8 years age group, 36.9 % were 9 - 12 years age group and 32.3 % were 13 - 15 years age group. In our study, we found 50.8 % were boys and 49.2 % were girls. 20 % of them were having fever, 16.9 % were having cough, 16.9 % were having diarrhoea, 13.8 % were having sore throat, 16.9 % dysuria, and 15.4 % were having constipation. All patients in our study group underwent ultrasound of abdomen. All cases were having significant mesenteric lymphadenopathy (more than 5 mm in short axis with three or more number of lymph nodes). In 53.8 % cases, etiological agent for the mesenteric lymphadenopathy was not proved with our investigations. In the remaining 46.2 % of children, cause of mesenteric lymphadenopathy was proved and 38.5 % were bacterial infections, 6.2 % were viral infections and 1.5 % were parasitic infections. CONCLUSIONS It is important to recognise mesenteric lymphadenitis as a clinical entity in paediatric cases presenting with abdominal pain. They should be evaluated for an etiological agent and if no proven source of infection and etiological agent is found, it can be considered as functional abdominal pain. If we are able to get a proper etiological diagnosis in these cases, we could treat them and we could make huge difference in terms of quality of life. KEYWORDS Abdominal Pain, Mesenteric Lymphadenitis, Ultrasound, Significant Mesenteric Lymphadenopathy

scholarly journals Clinical profile and changes in laboratory parameters among dengue patients at tertiary care hospital: an observational study

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 2276
Author(s):  
Pankaj Ashok Pande ◽  
Amit Jagdish Jogdande
Keyword(s):  
Observational Study ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Lifestyle Changes ◽  
Common Symptom ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Rapid Urbanization ◽  
Dengue Patient ◽  
Laboratory Profile

Background: Globally the incidence of dengue has increased in the past three decades. It is predominantly found in the urban and semi-urban area however now it is spreading in rural areas also. In India the incidence of dengue has increased due to rapid urbanization, lifestyle changes and improper water storage practices. Hence this study was planned to study the clinical and laboratory profile of dengue patient as the number of dengue patients is on rise every year and there is varied presentation of clinical features in different parts of India.Methods: This observational study was carried out in tertiary care hospital. Confirmed cases of Dengue were included in the study. There cases were observed seven days. During this period their clinical and biochemical profile was recorded in pre structured and pre tested proforma. Data was compiled and analyzed by MS-Office (Excel) and SPSS-21.Results: In this study total 129 patients were enrolled. Out of total 91 were males and 38 were females. Laboratory profile of dengue patients suggested steep decline in total leucocytes count and platelet during first five days but started to increase by seventh day but platelets have not reached to its original normal value while TLC reverted to normal range. Fever and headache were most common symptom in our study.Conclusions: Clinical and laboratory profile of dengue patient changes with every new epidemic and different region in India. Clinical features like organomegaly are more common in paediatrics age group than adults. 

scholarly journals AN AN OBSERVATIONAL STUDY OF PRESCRIPTION PATTERN OF DRUGS FOR OSTEOARTHRITIS IN A NORTH INDIAN MEDICAL COLLEGE

2019 ◽  
pp. 308-310
Author(s):  
ASHWANI UMMAT ◽  
RANJODH JEET SINGH ◽  
SONIA KOCHHAR
Keyword(s):  
Observational Study ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Oral Route ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Prescription Pattern ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Indian Medical

Objective: The objective of the study is to analyze the prescription pattern of drugs for osteoarthritis (OA) in a north Indian medical college collaborated with a tertiary care hospital. Methods: An observational study was conducted on 300 patients diagnosed with OA in the department of orthopedics in collaboration with the department of pharmacology, and thus, prescription was collected as in a cross-sectional manner for 6 months and the same were analyzed in the Department of Orthopedics in tertiary care hospital collaborated with medical college. Results: The average age of patients participating in this present study was 56.46±7.4 years with affected age group of 46-60 years. 60 % of females were affected by osteoarthritis outnumbering male (40 %) patients in this present study. The most commonly involved joint was knee joint (87.33 %) in patients diagnosed with osteoarthritis followed by back (6.67 %) and hip joint (6%). The combination therapy (90 %) outweighed monotherapy (10 %) with preferred route of drug administration as oral route (90 %) followed by topical route (10 %). The average number of drugs prescribed for patients of osteoarthritis was 2.62±0.76. This present study concludes that NSAIDs (45.8%) were prescribed most commonly. However, the drug paracetamol was lesser prescribed and other drugs such as Diclofenac (27.22 %) and acetaminophen (34.44 %) most of all followed by Nimesulide (16.67 %), ibuprofen (13.33 %) and Rofecoxib/valdecoxib (8.33 %) were prescribed. Conclusion: This present study concludes that NSAIDs were most commonly prescribed as p-drugs while paracetamol was undermined prescribed.

scholarly journals A clinical study of primary caesarean section at a tertiary care hospital in coastal city: an observational study

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 4040
Author(s):  
Chaitanya K. T. ◽  
Lakshmi Manjeera M.
Keyword(s):  
Caesarean Section ◽  
Observational Study ◽  
Prospective Observational Study ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Steady Increase ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Cesarean Sections

Background: Caesarean section represents the most significant operative intervention in obstetrics and its development and application has saved the lives of countless mothers and infants. However there has been a steady increase in the rate of caesarean sections worldwide. In this study, we aim to find the primary caesarean section rates and strategies to cut it down.Methods: This was a prospective observational study done from January 2018 to June 2019 at Justice K. S. Hegde Charitable Hospital, Deralakatte, Mangaluru which included 379 cases of primary cesarean sections. All patients undergoing primary caesarean section with gestational age >28 weeks confirmed by dates, clinical examination and ultrasound were included in this study. Patients who had undergone previous caesarean section or were less than 18 years of age or were less than 28 weeks of gestation were excluded from the study.Results: In this study the rate of primary caesarean section was found to be 14.5% and the majority of the study subjects belonged to the age group of 18-27 years (62.3%). With respect to parity, primigravida were high in number (71.2%), followed by multigravida. The number of emergency caesarean sections were (79%) more than elective (21%). The most common intra-operative complication was post-partum haemorrhage (PPH) in 2.8% and the most common postoperative complication was wound gape in 2.1%.Conclusions: Maximum efforts should be made to allow progression of vaginal delivery in primigravida which helps us to bring down the primary caesarean rate.

scholarly journals Most common cause of cardiomegaly without significant murmur in pediatric age group at tertiary care hospital, Hyderabad, India: a prospective observational study

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 989
Author(s):  
Chandra Mohan Chekkali ◽  
Rakesh Kotha ◽  
Himabindu Singh ◽  
Narahari Bapanpalli ◽  
Sadiqua Anjum ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sudden Death ◽  
Observational Study ◽  
Prospective Observational Study ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Pediatric Age ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
Pediatric Age Group

Background: Following the invention of monaural stethoscope by Laennec and X ray by Roentgen in 18th century there was spectacular advancements in cardiology. The myocardium can be affected by various disease process unrelated to abnormal pressure or volume loads. These processes may be inflammatory, metabolic, infiltrative, ischemic or primary with significant overlap. These diseases usually present as cardiomegaly. In pediatric age group cardiac diseases will present early, sometimes without any signs and symptoms like sudden death due to less cardiac reserve. Few cases of sudden death also showed huge cardiomegaly in postmortem X rays. authors want to carry out this study to find out most common cause of cardiomegaly with silent chest as authors usually miss the diagnosis and these cases may present as sudden death without giving much time to intervene. The aim of the study is to know the most common cause of cardiomegaly without significant murmur in pediatric age group above one year.Methods: Prospective observational study done at a tertiary care hospital Hyderabad over a period of one year from January 2018 to January2019.Results: Most common cause of cardiomegaly without significant murmur was cardiac beriberi. It is mostly prevalent in rural areas of Telangana, mostly occurring in breastfed babies and below six years. All cases were recovered after proper treatment. Fortunately, it is associated with nil mortality, if timely treatment was initiated.Conclusions: Cardiac beriberi which is easily preventable and if treated in proper time it will associated with nil mortality. As it was occurring commonly breastfed babies supplementation of Thiamine to mothers was very useful as a preventive strategy.

scholarly journals Diarrhoea and Associated Clinical Features in Different Pathotypes of Diarrheagenic E. coliIsolated in Children: A Case-Control Study in a Tertiary Care Hospital

2021 ◽  
Vol 53 (03) ◽  
pp. 250-258
Author(s):  
Tapas Ranjan Behera ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Features ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Watery Diarrhoea ◽  
Correct Identification ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Major Health Problem ◽  
Childhood Diarrhoea ◽  
Control Study

Background: Acute gastroenteritis remains to be a major health problem in children causing high morbidity and mortalityIn India, diarrhoea is the third most common cause of death in children younger than 5 years of age, with an estimation of 300,000 deaths each year. Diarrheagenic Escherichia coli (DEC) being one of the important bacterial agents, the present hospital-based study was done to enlighten on the occurrence of different pathotypes and clinical features associated with DEC related diarrhoea. Methods:The case-control study was carried out in SCB Medical College, Odisha from October 2014 to September 2016 on the childhood diarrhoea cases (≤ 14 years of age). Stool samples were collected and processed to isolate the causative bacterial agent by standard biochemical test, serotyping and multiplex PCR. Results: 350 cases and 100 controls were included in the study. The different pathotypes of DEC were isolated significantly more in cases than control group (P value = 0.0205) with an isolation rate of 7.4% in cases. 12 (46.2%) of DEC were in 0-1 year age group followed by 1-5 year of age group i.e. 11 (42.3%) and least in 5-14 years of age group i.e. 3 (11.5%). The most common pathotype was Enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC) followed by Enteropathogenic E.coli (EPEC). Fever is the most common symptom associated with DEC diarrhoea; the other two common symptoms were watery diarrhoea and vomiting. Exclusive breastfeeding was the protective factor. Seasonal variation of DEC was found more among the cases in the rainy season. Conclusion: Different pathotypes of DEC being associated commonly with childhood diarrhoea, the correct identification of various types of DEC along with the clinical knowledge is important to reduce the morbidity and mortality caused by it.

scholarly journals Demographic and Clinical Status of COVID-19 Patients in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Chengalpattu District, Tamil Nadu: An Observational Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
P Getrude Banumathi ◽  
S Sujatha ◽  
A Arul Murugan
Keyword(s):  
Observational Study ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Clinical Status ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Case Fatality ◽  
World Health ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Co Morbidity

Introduction: The ongoing outbreak of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection has posed significant threats to international health and economy. On 30th January 2020, the World Health Organisation (WHO) declared it to be a Public Health Emergency of International Concern. Despite exponential rise of COVID-19 cases, there are limited studies on COVID-19, so an observational study to assess the demographic and clinical status of COVID-19 patients at a Tertiary Care Centre was conducted. Aim: To study the demographic and clinical status of COVID-19 patients in a tertiary care hospital in Chengalpattu district. To assess the co-morbid status and its influence on the outcome among the study population. To find the doubling rate and weekly trend of COVID-19 cases. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Chengalpattu Medical College Hospital, Chengalpattu district among the COVID-19 patients during April to June 2020. By non-probability sampling technique (convenient sampling), all the COVID-19 patients (n=3028) admitted in the institution during the study period were included. A semi-structured questionnaire was administered to collect the data.The questionnaire had three sections A, B, and C. Section A dealt with sociodemographic details, Section B with symptom status and co-morbidity status and section C with COVID test results. Ethical clearance was obtained from the Institutional Ethics Committee. Data was entered in MS Excel and analysis was done using SPSS Software. Results: In this study, there were 1932 (64%) males and 1096 (36%) females; 1489 (49%) were affected in the age group of 21-40 years, which was the most commonly affected group; 704 (23%) were in the age group above 50 years; 2574 (85%) of cases were from urban areas of Chengalpattu district; 1145 (38%) were found to be symptomatic, fever being the pre-dominant symptom 753 (66%); 712 (24%) of the patients were associated with co-morbid conditions, the most common being diabetes mellitus 391 (55%); mean duration of stay was found to be 9.21±3.26 days; doubling rate was found to be 18.91 days; the overall swab positivity rate was 14.56%; the overall case fatality rate was 2.47%; 3028 (59%) of the district cases were treated in the institution. Conclusion: This study found that the patients aged >50 years with co-morbidity are at a higher risk of mortality than others. The present work predicts that the number of cases double in 19 days. Hence, strict containment measures are recommended to lengthen the doubling rate.

scholarly journals Clinical profile of congenital hypothyroidism identified through new-born screening: a retrospective observational study

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. 1968
Author(s):  
Sudhakar Palanisamy ◽  
Ramesh Srinivasan
Keyword(s):  
Observational Study ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
Congenital Hypothyroidism ◽  
Screening Program ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Retrospective Observational Study ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Common Etiology

Background: Congenital hypothyroidism is one of the most common preventable causes of mental retardation. The incidence and etiology of congenital hypothyroidism varies significantly across the globe.Methods: In this retrospective observational study we aimed to find out the incidence and etiology of congenital hypothyroidism identified by neonatal screening program. We included all neonates who had their thyroid stimulating hormone screening done in a tertiary care hospital of South India between January 2014 and June 2020 and were diagnosed as a case of congenital hypothyroidism. The growth patterns, clinical features, thyroxine dose requirement during follow-up were also studied.Results: There were 23 babies diagnosed with congenital hypothyroidism during the study period. The incidence rate was 1 in 917 live births for inborn babies, and dyshormogenesis (60%) was the most common etiology. Two babies had clinical features associated with congenital hypothyroidism. None of the babies had clinical features of congenital hypothyroidism during follow-up and their growth & development were normal for age. Babies who required dose increments of thyroxine supplement turned out to be permanent congenital hypothyroidism. Conclusion: Incidence of congenital hypothyroidism was high in our population. Dyshormogenesis was the most common etiology. Majority of congenital hypothyroidism babies were asymptomatic at diagnosis, so screening is a vital tool for early diagnosis. Babies who required thyroxine dose increment with age tend to be permanent congenital hypothyroidism.

scholarly journals Clinical features and outcomes of prolonged mechanical ventilation: a single-center retrospective observational study

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Isao Nagata ◽  
Tetsuhiro Takei ◽  
Junji Hatakeyama ◽  
Masafumi Toh ◽  
Hiroyuki Yamada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Observational Study ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
Prolonged Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Extended Period ◽  
Nationwide Survey ◽  
Retrospective Observational Study ◽  
Multivariable Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Care Hospital

Abstract Background Information on epidemiology of prolonged mechanical ventilation (PMV) patients in the acute care setting in Japan is totally lacking. We aimed to investigate clinical features, impact, and long-term outcomes of PMV patients. Methods This was a retrospective observational study conducted in a tertiary care hospital. Adult patients who were admitted to our intensive care unit (ICU) from April 2009 to March 2014 and required mechanical ventilation (MV) for ≥ 2 days were included. PMV was defined as having MV for ≥ 21 consecutive days. Results Among 1282 MV patients, 93 (7.3%) required PMV, and median duration of MV was 37.0 days. Compared with the non-PMV patients, PMV patients had longer total ICU and high care unit (HCU) stay (34.0 vs. 7.0 days, p < 0.001), longer hospital stay (74.0 vs. 35.0 days, p < 0.001), and higher hospital mortality (54.8 vs. 21.4%, p < 0.001). In multivariable logistic regression analysis, emergency ICU admission and steroid use during MV were associated with PMV. The Kaplan–Meier curves for MV withdrawal and ICU/HCU discharge were almost identical. Among PMV patients, 52 (55.9%) died, 29 (31.2%) were successfully liberated from MV during hospitalization, and 12 (12.9%) still required MV at discharge. Conclusion In this investigation, 7.3% of the patients with MV required PMV. Most PMV patients were liberated from MV during hospitalization, while occupying critical care beds for an extended period. A nationwide survey is required to further elucidate the overall picture of PMV patients and to discuss whether specialized weaning centers to treat PMV patients are required in Japan.

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