Irrigation blades and nitrogen doses in bean cultivation

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Márcio José de Santana ◽  
Matheus Pereira de Assis ◽  
Stephânia Martins Trindade ◽  
Jan Cornelis van Kempen ◽  
Nicolly Urzedo Carneiro
Keyword(s):  
Water Deficit ◽  
Leaf Nitrogen ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Leaf Nitrogen Content ◽  
Common Beans ◽  
Thermal Sum ◽  
Increase Productivity ◽  
Four Levels ◽  
Irrigation Levels ◽  
Different Doses

Irrigation makes it possible to increase productivity in bean crops, but if mishandled, it can increase production costs and promote the leaching of nutrients, especially nitrogen, a nutrient that is fundamental for the development of the crop. Given the above, the objective of this study was to evaluate the yield of common beans subjected to different doses of nitrogen and water depths in the region of Uberaba – MG, Brazil. The experiment was conducted at IFTM – Campus Uberaba, in randomized blocks, consisting of four levels of irrigation (deficits of 15 %, 30 %, and 45 % and a factor without water deficit) and four doses of nitrogen (50 kg ha-1, 100 kg ha-1, 150 kg ha-1, and 200 kg ha-1) applied in stage V4 of beans. The cultivar used was BRSMG Majestoso. There was no interaction between irrigation levels and nitrogen doses for the variables studied. Nitrogen doses influenced linearly only leaf nitrogen content. The water deficit of 9.72 % was favorable to achieve maximum grain yields and favors the number of pods per plant. The plant mass in R6, a mass of 100 grains, hydration, and thermal sum declined linearly with increased water deficit.

scholarly journals Morphological and Agronomic Characteristics of Common Beans Subjected to Seed Priming With Different Doses of N6-benzyladenine

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 178
Author(s):  
Ricardo A. Silva ◽  
Sylvana N. Matsumoto ◽  
Ramon C. Vasconcelos ◽  
Franklin D. Carvalho ◽  
Luan S. Oiveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Common Bean ◽  
Seed Priming ◽  
Leaf Nitrogen ◽  
Agricultural Practice ◽  
Common Beans ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Bean Yield ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Pod Number ◽  
Different Doses

In field conditions, the more usual application of cytokinins is based mainly on seed treatment and foliar spraying. Nowadays, seed priming with plant growth regulators is a successful agricultural practice due to its easy application in annual crops, resulting in a higher vigor and production. In order to evaluate the effect of the treatment of common bean seeds with N6-benzyladenine (6-BA), in the morphophysiology and crop yield, an experiment was carried out in a greenhouse, in a completely randomized design with four replicates and five doses of 6-BA (0, 0.0375, 0.075, 0.1125 and 0.15 g kg-1 of seed). The growth regulator was applied to the seeds in order to cover their entire surface. At 30 days after emergence, the physiological parameters were increased as a function of the doses of 6-BA. On the other hand, at 30 and 45 days after emergence of the crop, there was a drastic reduction in nodulation with increased 6-BA doses, which resulted in the lower accumulation of leaf nitrogen, pod number, and common bean yield. The ranging doses till 0.15 g kg-1 of seed of the cytokinin 6-BA are not recommended in seed priming of common beans. However, the effective recommendation of cytokinin as a seed priming is still not determined, and studies about products and doses must be improved before recommendation.

scholarly journals ANÁLISE DE CUSTOS E DESEMPENHO AGRONÔMICO NA PRODUÇÃO DE ALFACE SUBMETIDA A NÍVEIS DE IRRIGAÇÃO E USO DE HIDRORRETENTOR

Irriga ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-70
Author(s):  
João de Jesus Guimarães ◽  
LEANDRO Caixeta Salomão ◽  
WELCIO RODRIGUES DA SILVA ◽  
HENRIQUE FONSECA ELIAS DE OLIVEIRA ◽  
DÉBORA REGINA MARQUES PEREIRA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lactuca Sativa ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Lactuca Sativa L ◽  
Federal Institute ◽  
Four Levels ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Irrigation Levels ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Different Doses

ANÁLISE DE CUSTOS E DESEMPENHO AGRONÔMICO NA PRODUÇÃO DE ALFACE SUBMETIDA A NÍVEIS DE IRRIGAÇÃO E USO DE HIDRORRETENTOR     1JOÃO DE JESUS GUIMARÃES; LEANDRO CAIXETA SALOMÃO2; WELCIO RODRIGUES DA SILVA3; HENRIQUE FONSECA ELIAS DE OLIVEIRA4; DÉBORA REGINA MARQUES PEREIRA5 E MANOEL HENRIQUE REIS DE OLIVEIRA6   1        Departamento de Engenharia Agrícola, Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas – FCA – Unesp, Câmpus Botucatu, Avenida Universitária, 3780, CEP 18610-034, Altos do Paraíso, Botucatu-SP, Brasil, [email protected] 2     Departamento de Engenharia Agrícola, Instituto Federal de Educação Ciência e Tecnologia Goiano-Campus Urutaí, Rodovia Geraldo Silva Nascimento Km 2,5, Zona Rural, Urutaí-GO, Brasil, [email protected] 3        Universidade Estadual de Goiás, Campus Goianésia, Rua 35, nº 436, Setor Sul, Goianésia-GO, Brasil, [email protected] 4        Departamento de Irrigação e Drenagem, Instituto Federal de Educação Ciência e Tecnologia Goiano-- Campus Ceres, Rodovia GO 154, Km 03, s/n, Zona Rural, Ceres-GO, Brasil, [email protected] 5        Prefeitura Municipal de Goianésia, Av. Mato Grosso, nº 61 - Setor Universitário, Goianésia-GO, Brasil, [email protected] 6     Departamento de Irrigação no Cerrado, Instituto Federal de Educação Ciência e Tecnologia Goiano-Campus Ceres, Rodovia GO 154, Km 03, s/n, Zona Rural, Ceres-GO, Brasil, [email protected]     1 RESUMO   Objetivou-se com este trabalho realizar a análise de custo e desempenho agronômico da alface crespa produzida em ambiente protegido submetida a diferentes níveis de irrigação e diferentes doses de solução hidroretentora. O trabalho foi realizado na área experimental do Instituto Federal Goiano - Campus Urutaí-GO, cujas coordenadas geográficas são latitude 17º29’10” S, longitude 48º12’38” O e altitude de 697 m, no período de dezembro de 2017 a janeiro de 2018. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o de blocos ao acaso, em esquema fatorial (4x5), com parcela subdividida e quatro blocos, em que se utilizaram quatro níveis de irrigação (50, 75, 100 e 125%) da evaporação obtida diariamente, junto ao tanque Classe A e cinco doses de solução de hidrogel (0, 50, 100, 150 e 200 g). Analisou-se o custo de produção considerando os gastos efetivos realizados durante o ciclo produtivo além das variáveis produtividade (PRO) e a eficiência do uso da água (EUA). Os níveis de irrigação e doses de solução hidrorretentora utilizados influenciaram significativamente as variáveis PRO e EUA. A lucratividade cresceu com o aumento das lâminas de irrigação e decresceu com a utilização do hidrogel.   Palavras-chave: análise econômica, hidrogel, Lactuca sativa L., viabilidade, lâminas de irrigação.     GUIMARÃES, J. J.1; SALOMÃO, L. C.2; SILVA, W. R.3; OLIVEIRA, H. F. E.4; PEREIRA, D. R. M.5; OLIVEIRA, M. H. R.6 ANALYSIS OF COSTS AND AGRONOMIC PERFORMANCE IN LETTUCE PRODUCTION SUBMITTED TO LEVELS OF IRRIGATION AND USE OF HYDRO RETAINER   2 ABSTRACT   The objective of this work was to perform an analysis of the cost and performance of crisp lettuce in a protected model, with different levels of irrigation and different doses of hidroretentora solution. The work was carried out in the experimental area of Goiás Federal Institute - Campus Urutaí-GO, geographic positions are latitude 17º29'10 "S, longitude 48º12'38" W and altitude 697 m, excluding the period from December 2017 to January 2018 (4x5), with subdivision of blocks using four levels of irrigation (50, 75, 100 and 125%) of the evaporation obtained daily, to tank Class A and five doses of hydrogel solution (0, 50, 100, 150 and 200 g). The product was analyzed with the advantage of having achieved, during the productive cycle, productive changes and efficiency in water use (USA). Irrigation levels and doses of hydrocortisone solution may significantly influence PRO and US variables. Profitability increased with the increase of irrigation slides and decreased with the use ofhydrogel.   Keywords: economic analysis, hydrogel, Lactuca sativa L., viability, irrigation blade.

scholarly journals RESPONSE OF VEGETATIVE GROWTH FOR THE TREATMENT OF ORGANIC NUTRIENT AND CALCIUM CHLORIDE FOR GERBERA PLANT Gerbera jamesonii

2017 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jawad & Majeed
Keyword(s):  
Humic Acid ◽  
Calcium Chloride ◽  
Calcium Content ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Leaf Nitrogen ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Leaf Nitrogen Content ◽  
College Of Agriculture ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Four Levels

This study was conducted in the lath house, Horticultural Department, College of Agriculture – University of Baghdad- Jadriya during the spring and autumn seasons 2015 to investigate the influence of humic acid spray and calcium chloride spray on f “Yanara” gerbera cultivar.  This study included two factors; humic acid spray (H) and calcium chloride spray (Ca). The first factor four levels were used, 0, (H0), 5 (H5), 7.5 (H7.5) and 10 (H10) ml.L-1 and four levels of calcium chloride, 0 (Ca0), 50 (Ca50), 100 (Ca100) and 150 (Ca150) mg.L-1. Each treatment replicated three times with a factorial experiment using RCBD. Five plants in experimental unit and the number of plants used was 240 trees. The experimental results showed that humic acid at 10 ml.L-1 and calcium chloride at 150 mg.L-1 (Ca150H0) significantly gave the highest leaves number of 11.20 and 11.47 leaves, the highest leaf area of 195.21 and 210.25 cm2, the highest plant dry weight of 16.92 and 17.95gm, the highest leaf nitrogen content of 2.50 and 2.45 %, highest leaf phosphor content of 0.37 and 0.44% and the highest leaf calcium content of 3.17 and 3.45% for both seasons, respectively. The lowest value of these parameters was found in the control (Ca0H0) treatment. It could be concluded of this experiment that the humic acid at level H10 and calcium chloride at level Ca150 improved vegetative characteristics and leaf mineral content gerbera plant cv. Yanara  

scholarly journals Effect of irrigation and nitrogen fertilization on agronomic traits of sweet corn1

2015 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 282-290 ◽  
Author(s):  
Epitácio José de Souza ◽  
Fernando França da Cunha ◽  
Fernando Fagner Magalhães ◽  
Thiago Ramos da Silva ◽  
Osvaldir Feliciano dos Santos
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Sweet Corn ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Leaf Nitrogen ◽  
Leaf Nitrogen Content ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Autumn And Winter ◽  
Irrigation Levels ◽  
Positive Results

ABSTRACTIrrigation and nitrogen fertilization are management practices that have positive results for the corn crop. This study aimed at evaluating the effect of nitrogen fertilization and irrigation on agronomic traits of sweet corn. Two experiments were carried out in two crop seasons (winter/spring and summer/autumn), in a split-plot design, with the main plots consisting of four irrigation levels (50 %, 75 %, 100 % and 125 % of the crop evapotranspiration - ETc) and subplots consisting of four nitrogen doses (0 kg ha-1, 100 kg ha-1, 200 kg ha-1and 300 kg ha-1), applied at the V3 and V8 stages, via urea, in a randomized blocks design experiment, with four replications. Leaf nitrogen content, root depth, plant height, stem diameter, ear yield and water use efficiency were evaluated. In the winter/spring season, nitrogen fertilization did not affect yield, while in the summer/autumn season the dose that maximized yield was 300 kg ha-1. Sweet corn showed better results when irrigated with replacements of 50 % and 125 % of ETc, respectively in the summer/autumn and winter/ spring seasons.

scholarly journals Estimating the Leaf Nitrogen Content with a New Feature Extracted from the Ultra-High Spectral and Spatial Resolution Images in Wheat

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 739
Author(s):  
Jiale Jiang ◽  
Jie Zhu ◽  
Xue Wang ◽  
Tao Cheng ◽  
Yongchao Tian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Content ◽  
Precision Agriculture ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Mean Squared Error ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Leaf Nitrogen ◽  
Textural Analysis ◽  
Hyperspectral Images ◽  
Leaf Nitrogen Content ◽  
New Feature

Real-time and accurate monitoring of nitrogen content in crops is crucial for precision agriculture. Proximal sensing is the most common technique for monitoring crop traits, but it is often influenced by soil background and shadow effects. However, few studies have investigated the classification of different components of crop canopy, and the performance of spectral and textural indices from different components on estimating leaf nitrogen content (LNC) of wheat remains unexplored. This study aims to investigate a new feature extracted from near-ground hyperspectral imaging data to estimate precisely the LNC of wheat. In field experiments conducted over two years, we collected hyperspectral images at different rates of nitrogen and planting densities for several varieties of wheat throughout the growing season. We used traditional methods of classification (one unsupervised and one supervised method), spectral analysis (SA), textural analysis (TA), and integrated spectral and textural analysis (S-TA) to classify the images obtained as those of soil, panicles, sunlit leaves (SL), and shadowed leaves (SHL). The results show that the S-TA can provide a reasonable compromise between accuracy and efficiency (overall accuracy = 97.8%, Kappa coefficient = 0.971, and run time = 14 min), so the comparative results from S-TA were used to generate four target objects: the whole image (WI), all leaves (AL), SL, and SHL. Then, those objects were used to determine the relationships between the LNC and three types of indices: spectral indices (SIs), textural indices (TIs), and spectral and textural indices (STIs). All AL-derived indices achieved more stable relationships with the LNC than the WI-, SL-, and SHL-derived indices, and the AL-derived STI was the best index for estimating the LNC in terms of both calibration (Rc2 = 0.78, relative root mean-squared error (RRMSEc) = 13.5%) and validation (Rv2 = 0.83, RRMSEv = 10.9%). It suggests that extracting the spectral and textural features of all leaves from near-ground hyperspectral images can precisely estimate the LNC of wheat throughout the growing season. The workflow is promising for the LNC estimation of other crops and could be helpful for precision agriculture.

scholarly journals Licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra)—Growth and Phytochemical Compound Secretion in Degraded Lands under Drought Stress

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 2923
Author(s):  
Botir Khaitov ◽  
Munisa Urmonova ◽  
Aziz Karimov ◽  
Botirjon Sulaymonov ◽  
Kholik Allanov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Background Field ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Glycyrrhiza Glabra ◽  
Agricultural System ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Relative Water ◽  
Moderate Drought ◽  
Four Levels

Water deficiency restricts plant productivity, while excessive soil moisture may also have an adverse impact. In light of this background, field trials were conducted in secondary saline soil (EC 6.5 dS m−1) at the experimental station of Tashkent State Agrarian University (TSAU), Uzbekistan to determine drought tolerance of licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra) by exposure to four levels of water deficit, namely control (70–80%), moderate (50–60%), strong (30–40%) and intense (10–20%) relative water content (WC) in the soil. The moderate drought stress exhibited positive effects on the morphological and physiological parameters of licorice, and was considered to be the most suitable water regime for licorice cultivation. Plant growth under the 50–60% WC treatment was slightly higher as compared to 70–80% WC treatment, exhibiting weak water deficit promotes licorice growth, root yield and secondary metabolite production. In particular, secondary metabolites i.e., ash, glycyrrhizic acid, extractive compounds and flavonoids, tended to increase under moderate water deficit, however further drought intensification brought a sharp decline of these values. These results contribute to the development of licorice cultivation technologies in arid regions and the most important consideration is the restoration of ecological and economical functions of the dryland agricultural system.

Low temperature acclimation and legacy effects of summer water deficits in olive freezing resistance

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadia S Arias ◽  
Fabián G Scholz ◽  
Guillermo Goldstein ◽  
Sandra J Bucci
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Cell Damage ◽  
Leaf Water ◽  
Leaf Nitrogen Content ◽  
Legacy Effects ◽  
Freezing Resistance ◽  
Lower Growth ◽  
Water Deficits

Abstract Low temperatures and drought are the main environmental factors affecting plant growth and productivity across most of the terrestrial biomes. The objective of this study was to analyze the effects of water deficits before the onset of low temperatures in winter to enhance freezing resistance in olive trees. The study was carried out near the coast of Chubut, Argentina. Plants of five olive cultivars were grown out-door in pots and exposed to different water deficit treatments. We assessed leaf water relations, ice nucleation temperature (INT), cell damage (LT50), plant growth and leaf nitrogen content during summer and winter in all cultivars and across water deficit treatments. Leaf INT and LT50 decreased significantly from summer to winter within each cultivar and between treatments. We observed a trade-off between resources allocation to freezing resistance and vegetative growth, such that an improvement in resistance to sub-zero temperatures was associated to lower growth in tree height. Water deficit applied during summer increased the amount of osmotically active solutes and decreased the leaf water potentials. This type of legacy effects persists during the winter after the water deficit even when treatment was removed, because of natural rainfalls.

scholarly journals Number of Microorganisms in the Soil Cultivated with Legume-Grass Mixtures Supplied with Phytohormones and Nitrogen

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 498-504
Author(s):  
Jacek SOSNOWSKI ◽  
Kazimierz JANKOWSKI ◽  
Roxana VIDICAN ◽  
Beata WIŚNIEWSKA-KADŻAJAN ◽  
Elżbieta MALINOWSKA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Microorganisms ◽  
Soil Fungi ◽  
Red Clover ◽  
Soil Material ◽  
Humus Layer ◽  
Number Of Microorganisms ◽  
Four Levels ◽  
Intensive Development ◽  
Number Of Bacteria ◽  
Different Doses

The study concerned the number of microorganisms colonizing the humus layer and under plough soil from the cultivation of perennial ryegrass mixtures with red clover, which were fed by biostimulant based on the phytohormones  and different doses of nitrogen. Nitrogen was applied at four levels-control (no nitrogen), 50, 100 and 150 kg N∙ha-1, biostimulant in two combinations - with and without preparation. Soil material to assess the size of individual groups of microorganisms was collected from each experimental plot in autumn 2010 from the humus (0-20 cm) and under plough layers (20-40 cm). The analysis of soil samples for a total number of bacteria, actinomycetes and fungi was conducted at the Department of Agricultural Microbiology IUNG-PIB in Pulawy. Results of studies have shown that more colonies of bacteria, actinomycetes and fungi were colonized the humus horizon. Biostimulant application in this cultivation led to a decrease of the total number of colonies of the all soil microorganisms groups but improved the ratio of bacteria to fungi. Increasing doses of mineral nitrogen by the limiting of the bacteria number and intensive development of soil fungi, helped to narrow the B/F ratio.

scholarly journals Effects of water deficit in two phenological stages on production of japanese cucumber cultived in greenhouse

2011 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 676-686 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eduardo C. Oliveira ◽  
Jacinto de A. Carvalho ◽  
Wellington G. da Silva ◽  
Fátima C. Rezende ◽  
Willian F. de Almeida
Keyword(s):  
Soil Water ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Irrigation Management ◽  
Soil Water Potential ◽  
Phenological Stages ◽  
Cucumis Sativus L ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Minas Gerais State ◽  
Engineering Department ◽  
Four Levels

The experiment was performed in the experimental area of the Engineering Department Federal University of Lavras, Minas Gerais State, Brazil. It aimed at identifying the adequate irrigation management of the greenhouse-cultivated Japanese cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.). complete randomized design, with four levels of soil water potential (15; 30; 60 e 120 kPa) at two phenological phases (vegetative and reproductive), and 5 replications. Overall, the results showed decrease of yield according to increase of soil water potentials. During the reproductive stage, Japanese cucumber plants were more sensitive to water deficit, resulting in further decrease in yield compared to applied water deficit during the vegetative stage of the culture.

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