scholarly journals Rediscovery of Karelin’s newt (Triturus karelinii, Amphibia, Caudata, Salamandridae) in the Stavropol region and Karachay-Cherkessia (North Caucasus, Russia)

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (3/4) ◽  
pp. 132-137
Author(s):  
A. A. Kidov ◽  
◽  
A. A. Ivanov ◽  
E. A. Kidova ◽  
◽  
...  

Karelin's newt (Triturus karelinii) in Russia is known for sure in Republic of Crimea, Krasnodar region, Republic of Adygea, and Republic of Dagestan. No reports of this species distribution in other regions of the North Caucasus have yet been confirmed by collection materials. The paper presents data on few Karelin's newt findings in the Stavropol region and Karachay-Cherkessia Republic. In May 2018, five adult T. karelinii (two males and three females) were captured in the vicinity of the Novoekaterinovskaya village (Kochubeyevskiy district, Stavropol region). Another finding of this species (an adult female) was made in the vicinity of the Kubina village (Abazinskiy district, Karachay-Cherkessia Republic) in April 2021. The authors believe that Karelin's newt should be included in the faunal lists and Red Data Books of these regions.

Author(s):  
Viktor Anatolyevich Avksentev ◽  
Boris Vladimirovich Aksiumov ◽  
Galina Dmitrievna Gritsenko

Based on the content analysis of “non-ethnic” mass media in the federal subjects of Russia in the North Caucasus, the attempt to determine the place of ethnicity in the information field of the region and the influence of these sources on the processes of politicization/depoliticization of ethnicity is made in the paper. It was revealed that the topic “historical memory” is the leading one in ethnically marked publications. The next places in the thematic classi-fier are occupied by “ethnic identity” and “ethnic traditions and values”. Along with this, the dis-course of modernization turned out to be in de-mand, which indicates that the North Caucasus is in a situation of search for an optimal balance between old and new, traditions and innovations. Only one case of the use of the concept of “nation” as a syn-onym for the Russian (“Rossiyan”) nation has been identified, however, references to the nation in the ethnic sense are extremely rare. It is concluded that the “non-ethnic” media of the North Caucasus keep ethnic and confessional issues within public dis-course, but it is not “superfluous”, i. e. the tendency to politicize ethnicity is not typical or explicit.


Author(s):  
М. Деревянникова ◽  
В. Чумакова ◽  
В.Ф. Чумаков

Исследования проводились на экспериментальном поле ФГБНУ «Северо-Кавказский ФНАЦ» в 2017–2019 годах. Цель исследований — создать и выделить для селекции новый перспективный исходный материал житняка гребневидного для условий Северо-Кавказского региона. Житняк гребневидный — один из самых востребованных видов многолетних злаковых трав, обеспечивающих высокие хозяйственно ценные показатели травостоя при возделывании в южных регионах, в том числе в условиях засухи, на песчаных, засолённых и эродированных почвах. Селекция житняка гребневидного ведётся в направлении создания форм с высокой зимо-, морозостойкостью, устойчивостью к засухе, засолению почв, с повышенной и стабильной продуктивностью кормовой массы и семян. Изучено 44 коллекционных образца житняка гребневидного различного эколого-географического происхождения. Для использования в селекции выделены 23 генетических источника облиственности, энергии весеннего отрастания, устойчивости к засухе, болезням и вредителям, продуктивности кормовой массы и семян, качества растительного сырья. На основании исследований коллекционного фонда житняка гребневидного в условиях Ставропольского края для дальнейшего использования в качестве исходного материала для селекционной работы выделено пять образцов по интенсивности весеннего отрастания: дикорастущие из Казахстана, сорт Донецкий из Украины и два сортообразца ставропольской селекции; 12 высокоустойчивых образцов к гельминтоспориозу и ржавчине; 8 — с высокой облиственностью и выходом сухого вещества. По продуктивности кормовой массы в среднем за 2 года пользования травостоем перспективными для введения в селекционный процесс признаны дикорастущие из Украины и Казахстана, а также два сортообразца ставропольской селекции. Высокая семенная продуктивность выявлена у дикорастущего образца житняка гребневидного из Челябинской области. Особое внимание заслуживают коллекционные образцы с комплексом хозяйственно ценных признаков: дикорастущие из Челябинской области и Казахстана, ставропольский селекционный сортообразец № 4/2-18. The field trial took place at the Northern Caucasus Federal Agrarian Research Center in 2017–2019. It aimed at selection of new promising genotypes of crested wheat grass to be grown in the North Caucasus region. Crested wheat grass is one of the most valuable perennial gramineous showing high performance in the southern regions with sandy, saline, and eroded soils under dry conditions. Breeding programs for crested wheat grass focus on high-productive genotypes resistant to winter conditions, drought, and soil salinization. Twenty three genotypes of different origin were selected that showed high leaf coverage, productivity, and green mass quality as well as intensive growth in spring, resistance to drought and biotic stress. Wild genotypes from Kazakhstan, “Donetskiy” variety from Ukraine and 2 samples from the Stavropol region grew fast in spring. Twelve genotypes had high tolerance to yellow leaf blotch and rust, eight genotypes provided high yield of leaf mass and dry matter. Wild genotypes from Kazakhstan and Ukraine and two Stavropol varieties produced the highest yields of forage mass for 2 years. Wild crested wheat grass of the Chelyabinsk region had high seed productivity. The most potential parents were the specimen No. 4/2-18 of the Stavropol region and wild genotypes from the Chelyabinsk region and Kazakhstan.


2020 ◽  
pp. 917-928
Author(s):  
Sergey V. Kondratiev ◽  
◽  
Tamara N. Kondratieva ◽  

The article is devoted to an unknown episode in the biography of the eminent Soviet historian B. F. Porshnev (1905–1972), who worked in the higher educational and scientific institutions of Rostov-on-Don in 1930–32, and among others, in the North Caucasus Regional Highlander Research Institute of Local History, where he primarily lectured and taught history of socio-economic formations to post-graduate students. In Rostov, B. F. Porshnev, who later declared himself a scholar in the French history, showed himself as a Marxist social scientist. 1930–32 saw a discussion on socio-economic formations in the Soviet historical science, during which the antiquity was legitimized and received the name of “slave formation.” The literature follows the content of this discussion in the regions not quite as well as in the center. The State Archive of the Stavropol Krai stores B. F. Porshnev’s documents and his report on the slave formation, which he gave in a dispute in the North Caucasus Regional Highlander Research Institute of Local History; this indicates that the discussion of socio-economic formations took place in Rostov as well. The report of B. F. Porshnev was typical Marxist work, in which sketchiness, social science, and abstractness dominated, while real historical material was absent. In B. F. Porshnev’s mind the slave formation was a logical stage in the development of mankind, however, not all peoples underwent it. Only sedentary peoples could expand slave system. They constantly pushed their borders and conquered first nearby, then distant peoples, turning them into slaves. Thus the empires of antiquity arose: Ancient Rome, other states of antiquity, Han China. Slaves were the main productive force within the slave formation, and violence, war, and capture were the main source of its replenishment. The slave formation collapsed as a result of class struggle between the exploiters (slave owners) and the exploited (slaves); however, this happened under objective external conditions, i.e., during barbarian invasions.


2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 22-28
Author(s):  
A. M. Atayev ◽  
M. M. Zubairova ◽  
N. T. Karsakov

The purpose of the research is study of some reproductive characteristics of the biology of ticks of the family Ixodidae which are widespread in the southeast of the North Caucasus.Materials and methods. In 2000–2010, 9 series of experiments were carried out in the conditions of the plain belt in Dagestan. The first, second, and third series of experiments were intended to find out the duration of the tick searching for a place to fix on the animal, the duration of the skin incised and the proboscis inserted into the wound, and the engorgement duration; and the fourth series was intended to clarify the tick wintering on the animal. Such experiments were performed on two-year-old calf bulls on the Educational and Experimental Farm of the Dagestan State Agrarian University with Boophilus annulatus, Rhipicephalus bursa, Hyalomma detritum, H. scupense, and H. anatolicum in 2000. Five hungry adult female ticks were placed onto all 5 calf bulls in the middle third of the neck. We conducted experiments on searching for a place for egg-laying, egg-laying duration in the environment, number of eggs in a clutch, duration of the larva formed and the hatching rate, distance of the larvae from the hatching place, and larvae death rate in five specially equipped sites of pastures of 1 m2 . Five adult female ticks of B. annulatus, R. bursa, H. detritum, H. scupense, and H. anatolicum were placed after engorgement in each biological site.Results and discussion. Ixodid ticks perform their natural physiological functions associated with feeding and reproduction with significant time fluctuations. The search for a place to fix on the animal took 4–8 hours; the skin incised and proboscis inserted in the wound took 2–5 hours; the engorgement took 4–6 hours; the search for an egg-laying place took 10– 22 hours; the egg-laying duration in the environment was 18–23 hours; the number of eggs in a clutch was 4–13K; the duration of the larva formed and the hatching rate was 10–15 days and 58.0–75% respectively; the distance of the larva from the hatching place was 0.5–1.5 m; death rate of the larva in captivity was 100%; and the tick wintering on the animal was near the neck, ears, in the dewlap, the flank and the udder. These features are typical for the analyzed tick species in the southeast of the North Caucasus and, probably, for other taxa of these genera.


2020 ◽  
Vol 176 ◽  
pp. 03015
Author(s):  
Natalia Tumanian ◽  
Svetlana Chizhikova ◽  
Elina Papulova ◽  
Tatyana Kumeiko ◽  
Sergey Garkusha

The technological grain quality traits of varieties of the Federal Scientific Rice Centre (Rapan., Rapan 2, Favorit, Nautilus, Yakhont, Olimp, Patriot) grown in the old-delta and valley agrolandscape zones of Krasnodar region (Russia) in 2017–2019 were studied. The studied rice varieties are included in the State register of breeding achievements approved for use in the North Caucasus region in 2014-2019, Rapan 2 is under state variety testing. Most of the varieties under study showed the highest values of grain quality traits in the valley agrolandscape in 2019, in the old-delta - in 2018, which indicates the reaction of the varieties to agroclimatic conditions of vegetation. The best varieties for grain quality on the basis of low variability in the aggregate of all quality traits were recognized as Favorit for the valley agrolandscape zone of Krasnodar region (predecessor – fallow field), and Rapan 2 for the old delta agrolandscape zone (predecessor - winter wheat). According to the absolute values of the traits characterizing the yield and milled rice quality, the best variety in the valley agrolandscape was Yakhont, and in the old-delta, Nautilus. The placement of rice varieties in agrolandscape zones of Krasnodar region is recommended taking into account their reaction to agroclimatic conditions of cultivation.


Author(s):  
Владимир Александрович Карлеба

Вопросы борьбы с терроризмом и особенно с финансированием террористической деятельности всегда имели первостепенное значение в работе спецслужб и всех правоохранительных органов мирового сообщества. Особенно успешной представляется работа российской правоохранительной системы. В 2019 г. в Российской Федерации предотвращено 57 преступлений террористического характера, в том числе 34 теракта. В результате работы спецслужб нейтрализовано 32 преступника, из них девять главарей террористических группировок, а всего за 2019 г. задержаны 41 главарь, 241 боевик и 606 пособников террористов. В период подготовки статьи стало известно, что 4 марта 2020 г. сотрудники спецслужб разоблачили террористическую ячейку в г. Тверь, 22 марта 2020 г. ликвидировали боевика, который планировал совершить террористический акт в Башкирии, 27 марта 2020 г. органами ФСБ в Краснодарском крае задержан 27-летний россиянин, у которого обнаружено и изъято взрывное устройство, а в его смартфоне обнаружена переписка с членами запрещенной в РФ группировки «Исламское государство». Возможность осуществлять террористическую деятельность напрямую зависит от ее финансирования, а поэтому спецслужбы уделяют особое внимание перекрытию каналов финансирования терроризма. Так, в начале 2019 г. УФСБ по Краснодарскому краю пресечен масштабный канал финансирования терроризма, организованный членами так называемого «Краснодарского джимада». Пособниками террористов был осуществлен перевод денежных средств в размере более 10 млн р. на счета, используемые террористической организацией «Исламское государство». В состав преступной группы входили жители Краснодарского края, республик Дагестан, Северная Осетия, граждане Азербайджана. Перечисленные примеры говорят о необходимости обобщать и распространять опыт спецслужб Российской Федерации, и особенно находящихся на Северном Кавказе, по перекрытию каналов финансирования террористической деятельности и борьбе с терроризмом. В предлагаемой статье мы рассматриваем финансовые истоки международной террористической деятельности на Северном Кавказе, а именно основные черты и особенности преступного финансирования первого в мире террористического государства «Ичкерия» на территории Чеченской республики. К сожалению, исторический опыт и уроки борьбы с международным терроризмом Российской Федерации до сих пор не усвоен ее зарубежными партнерами, что повлекло в дальнейшем создание еще более мощного террористического государства на территории Ирака и Сирии. The fight against terrorism, especially terrorist financing, has always had a high priority in the work of the special services and all law enforcement agencies of the world community. The work of the Russian law enforcement system seems to be particularly successful. In 2019 in the Russian Federation 57 of terrorist crimes were prevented, including 34 attacks. As a result of work of the security services 32 of the offender were neutralized, nine of which were leaders of terrorist groups, and in 2019 the total 41 gangleaders were arrested as well as 241 terrorist fighters and 606 accomplices of terrorists. During the preparation of the article, it became known that on March 4, 2020, the security services exposed a terrorist cell in the city of Tver, on the 22 March 2020 liquidated terrorist fighters who planned to commit terrorist acts in Bashkiria and on March 27, 2020 a 27-year-old Russian was detained by the FSB in Krasnodar region, an explosive device was discovered and seized. In his smartphone there was a correspondence with members of the «Islamic state» banned in Russia. The opportunity to carry out a terrorist activity is directly dependent on its funding, and therefore the security services are paying special attention to the overlapping of channels of financing of terrorism. So, in early 2019, the FSB in Krasnodar region prevented large-scale channel of financing of terrorism, organized by members of the so-called «Krasnodar jimad». Accomplices of terrorists were carried out the transfer of funds in the amount of 10 million rubles to the accounts used by the terrorist organization «Islamic state». The structure of the criminal group consisted of residents of the Krasnodar territory, the republics of Dagestan, North Ossetia, the citizens of Azerbaijan. These examples speak of the need to consolidate and disseminate the experience of special services of the Russian Federation, and especially those in the North Caucasus, to cut off the channels of financing terrorist activities and the fight against terrorism. In the present paper we considered the financial sources of international terrorist activities in the North Caucasus, namely the main features and peculiarities of criminal funding the world's first terrorist state «Ichkeria» on the territory of the Chechen Republic. Unfortunately, the foreign partners of Russian haven’t learnt its historical experience and lessons of the fight against international terrorism, which resulted in the further establishment of a more powerful terrorist state in Iraq and Syria.


Author(s):  
Tatyana V. Ryabkova

  Artefacts from the Early Scythian mounds whose origins are linked with Near East are the most significant part of the finds because of dating and due to possibilities to synchronize Early Scythian culture with the Near Eastern civilizations.   Difficulties in determining the time and place of production of imported items are due to their eclecticism.Significant policy changes connected with Assyrian practice of mass deportation in the VIII century B.C. led to the emergence multicultural workshops. New artistic style incorporated the achievements of the art of Asia Minor, Northern Syria, Phoenicia, Iran and Urartu.   The article is devoted to publication of the two items from Scythians monuments in the Kuban region. One of them – the part of the vessel’s rim – is from the First Kelermes mound, excavated by N.I. Veselovsky. Its distinctive feature is the hatched rim for placing lid. Such vessels are unique in the North Caucasus’s monuments, but wide spread in the Phrygia’s tumulus and settlements. It means that Kelermes’s fragment could be connected with Asia Minor.   The next one is the silver vessel on a stand decorated by the bands with sphinxes and cocks.It was bought in Maykop in 1908. Despite the slightly different style of decoration of the upper and lower parts they were used together and were made in the same workshop by two craftsman.   The study of technology and a wide range of analogies allows to determine it as a model of cauldron which could have made in the Ionian or Lydian workshops.    


2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (XXIV) ◽  
pp. 173-182
Author(s):  
Юрий Клычников

The work reveals the circumstances of the appearance of the Poles in the North Caucasus and their stay in the captivity of the highlanders. The reasons for this phenomenon and the attitude of the Russian administration to the practice of the slave trade are shown. The article describes the fate of those people who were able to free themselves and find salvation in the Russian fortifications. It is suggested that, having experienced slavery, the former slaves changed their appraisal of the Russian state which, in this situation, was their protector and liberator. In the research, for the first time, the material identified in the State Archives of the Stavropol Region of the Russian Federation is introduced into scientific circulation.


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