scholarly journals Association of helicobacter pylori with multiple sclerosis: Protective or risk factor?

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Omid Mirmosayyeb ◽  
Mahdi Barzegar ◽  
Nasim Nehzat ◽  
Soroush Najdaghi ◽  
Behnaz Ansari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Healthy Population ◽  
Large Sample Size ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Central Nervous System

Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a common autoimmune inflammatory disease in the central nervous system (CNS) without exact pathology. Environmental factors such as infections have a causal or protective role in MS. Helicobacter pylori (HP) is one of the infections in digestive diseases and previous studies reported controversial findings of this infection role in MS. So, we conducted this study to assess the frequency of HP infection in patients with MS in comparison to the healthy population. Methods: This cross-sectional study was undertaken between 2015 and 2019. 191 participants including 58 patients with clinically isolated syndrome (CIS), 57 patients with relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS), 39 patients with secondary progressive MS (SPMS), and 39 age- and sex-matched healthy controls (HCs) were tested for the presence of HP immunoglobulin G (IgG) and IgM antibodies (Abs) in their serum sample. Results: The frequency of HP IgG seropositivity in patients with SPMS was significantly higher than patients with CIS [Odds ratio (OR): 6.333, 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.522-15.906, P < 0.001], patients with RRMS (OR: 4.583, 95% CI: 1.842-11.407,  P = 0.001), and HCs (OR: 8.485, 95% CI: 3.058-23.540,  P < 0.001). We did not find a significant difference among other study groups regarding IgG seropositivity. No significant difference among groups regarding HP IgM seropositivity was evident. On univariate model, Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) score (OR: 1.038, 95% CI: 1.038-1.460, P = 0.017) and SPMS (OR: 4.583, 95% CI: 1.842-11.407, P = 0.001) were predictor for HP IgG seropositivity. On multivariate model, only SPMS had higher risk for HP IgG seropositivity compared to RRMS (OR: 5.554, 95% CI: 1.327-23.253, P = 0.019). We did not find a significant association between clinical and demographic variables with HP IgM seropositivity. Conclusion: Based on our findings, progressive MS and HP infection may have association. Further longitudinal studies with large sample size are needed to determine the role of HP infection in MS.

scholarly journals The effect of clamped and unclamped umbilical cord samples on blood gas analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisabetta Colciago ◽  
Simona Fumagalli ◽  
Elena Ciarmoli ◽  
Laura Antolini ◽  
Antonella Nespoli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Gas Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Gas Analysis ◽  
Blood Collection ◽  
Large Sample Size ◽  
Blood Gas ◽  
Delayed Cord Clamping ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High Risk Women ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Purpose Delayed cord clamping for at least 60 s is recommended to improve neonatal outcomes. The aim of this study is to evaluate whether there are differences in cord BGA between samples collected after double clamping the cord or without clamping the cord, when blood collection occurs within 60 s from birth in both groups. Methods A cross-sectional study was carried out, collecting data from 6884 high-risk women who were divided into two groups based on the method of cord sampling (clamped vs unclamped). Results There were significant decrease in pH and BE values into unclamped group compared with the clamped group. This difference remained significant when considering pathological blood gas analysis parameters, with a higher percentage of pathological pH or BE values in the unclamped group. Conclusion Samples from the unclamped cord alter the acid–base parameters compared to collection from the clamped cord; however, this difference does not appear to be of clinical relevance. Findings could be due to the large sample size, which allowed to achieve a high power and to investigate very small numerical changes between groups, leading to a statistically significant difference in pH and BE between samples even when we could not appreciate any clinical relevant difference of pH or BE between groups. When blood gas analysis is indicated, the priority should be given to the timing of blood collection to allow reliable results, to assess newborns status at birth and intervene when needed.

scholarly journals Attitudes of Medical and Pharmacy Students Towards Patients Suffering from Schizophrenia

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-60
Author(s):  
Dragana Ignjatovic-Ristic ◽  
Ana Solujic ◽  
Andrea Obradovic ◽  
Katarina Nikic-Djuricic ◽  
Marija Draskovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Pharmacy Students ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Past ◽  
Care Workers ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The University

Abstract Research over the past twenty years has shown that the attitudes of health care workers and students towards people who are suffering from schizophrenia have become more negative. The aim of our study was to investigate the attitudes of medical and pharmacy students towards patients with schizophrenia and explore the differences in attitudes between study groups and students in different years. Materials and methods: Second- and fifth-year medical and pharmacy students from the Faculty of Medical Sciences at the University of Kragujevac were included in an observational, prospective, cross-sectional study. The sample consisted of 113 students from the pharmacy and medical schools who were chosen via random sampling. The students completed a two-part questionnaire. Th e first part contained questions about sociodemographic characteristics, whereas the second part was a translated version of the Mental Illness: Clinician’s Attitudes (MICA) v4 scale. Results: There is a statistically significant difference (р<0.05) in the attitudes towards people with schizophrenia between second- and fifth-year medical and pharmacy students (with lower scores in both groups in fifth-year students). Of the total number of students who had lower summed scores on the Likert scale, 51.3% had previously finished medical high school, whereas 28.3% had previously finished regular high school. Conclusion: Our results showed a statistically significant difference in attitudes towards people with schizophrenia between second- and fifth-year students as well as a difference related to previous high school education. This stresses the importance of levels of knowledge about schizophrenia to reducing the stigmatization of patients who suffer from this disorder.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Demographic, Clinical and Beyond Clinical Characteristics in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis in Rafsanjan City, Iran

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 63
Author(s):  
Amir Moghaddamahmadi ◽  
Pouria Yazdian-Anari ◽  
Siamak Kazemisufi ◽  
Alireza Vakilian ◽  
Aliasghar Ranjbartotoei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Mcdonald Criteria ◽  
Male Female Ratio ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
The Mean

Background and objectives: Multiple sclerosis is a chronic and progressive autoimmune disease of the central nervous system that causes motor and sensory impairment and physical disability in patients. This study was conducted to determine the demographic, clinical, and beyond clinical characteristics in patients with multiple sclerosis to help identify common disabilities and better understand of the specific needs of these ones.Materials and methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out on 50 MS patients in Rafsanjan, Iran. A definitive diagnosis has been done according to neurologist and McDonald criteria. The neurologist conducted examinations. The demographic data were recorded using questionnaire. MRI images were analyzed with the help of radiologist and all data were analyzed using SPSS software.Results: The mean age was 33.81±8.38 years and male/female ratio was 7/42. According to data, 66.7% of the patients were suffering from relapsing-remitting type (RR) disease, and most lesions on MRI in these patients were observed in pyramidal and JuxtaCortical areas. The mean EDSS scores of patients was 1.46. The duration of disease and the number of attacks had a significant correlation with educational level (P<0.05); age was significantly associated with pyramidal, mental and sphincter symptoms (P<0.05).Conclusion: These results suggest that the prevalence of MS in women is higher than in men, especially among housekeeper women. Relapsing and remitting disease showed higher frequency.

scholarly journals Comparison of Anxiolytic Drugs of Diazepam and Zolpidem in Patients Undergoing Extraction

2020 ◽  
pp. 178-187
Author(s):  
Anupama Deepak ◽  
Dhanraj Ganapathy ◽  
Visalakshi Ramanathan
Keyword(s):  
Rating Scale ◽  
Extraction Procedure ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Anxiolytic Drugs ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale ◽  
Anxiety Levels

Anxiolytic drugs are a class of drugs that reduce the anxiety levels in the individuals by nonspecifically binding to the GABAα located throughout the central nervous system. The aim of this study was to compare the anxiolytic effects of diazepam and Zolpidem in patients undergoing extraction. This was a cross-sectional study conducted at a university setting, with a sample size of 100 patients, of the age group 25-45 years. 50 patients were administered with Tab. Diazepam and 50 patients with Tab. Zolpidem one hour before the surgical procedure. The Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAM-A Scale) was used to record the patient's anxiety levels before and during the extraction procedure. These data were then recorded in MS Excel Sheet and imported to SPSS for statistical analysis. From this study, it can be seen that most of the patients were females and mainly between the age group 25-35 years. Diazepam had significantly lesser post sedation anxiety levels in comparison with its post sedation levels than zolpidem with, a statistically significant difference (p<0.001). Therefore, it can be concluded that diazepam had better post sedation effects than zolpidem in patients undergoing extraction as patients presented with lesser severity in their anxiety levels.

scholarly journals Association Between Physical Activity and Post menopausal Symptoms in Saudi Women: A Cross-sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-164
Author(s):  
Muneera Almurdi ◽  
◽  
Syamala Buragadda ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Menopausal Symptoms ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Menopausal Women ◽  
Significant Difference

Objectives: Menopause is the termination of a woman’s menstrual cycle for a year. In this condition, women’s health status declines due to hormonal changes and aging. Physical Activity (PA) is among the best available alternatives for managing menopause-related symptoms without any adverse effects. This study aimed to assess the relationship between PA and symptoms, such as fatigue, depression, and insomnia in Saudi menopausal women. Methods: This cross-sectional study involved 60 menopausal women; they were divided into physically active and inactive groups. The group allocation was conducted based on their PA level determined by the International Physical Activity Questionnaire Short-Form (IPAQ-SF). Menopausal symptoms, such as fatigue, depression, and insomnia were assessed using the Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS), Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II), and Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), respectively, in the study groups. The association between PA and fatigue, depression, and insomnia was assessed using the Pearson correlation coefficient. The significance level was set at P≤0.05. Results: Fatigue, depression, and insomnia were more prevalent in physically inactive post-menopause women than the active women. A significant difference was observed in the outcome variables between the study groups. Furthermore, a significant association was detected between PA and fatigue, depression, and insomnia in the study participants. Discussion: Half of the explored menopausal women were physically active. Physically active menopausal women presented less fatigue, depression, and insomnia, compared to their inactive counterparts. This study suggested that PA positively impacted menopausal symptoms (fatigue, insomnia, & depression). Besides, the collected results highlighted the importance of physical activity among menopausal women.

scholarly journals Comparing the quality of life of neuropathic patients treated with gabapentin and pregabalin at the neuropathic poly of the NTB provincial hospital in 2019

2021 ◽  
pp. 225-229
Author(s):  
Nurul Qiyaam ◽  
Baiq Leny Nopitasari ◽  
Haerul Muhajiji
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
A Value ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Eq Vas

Introduction: Neuropathic pain is caused by the malfunctioning of the central nervous system or the peripheral nervous system. This pain is chronic and so it disrupts a patient’s quality of life which can lead to them becoming frustrated. Aim: The purpose of this study was to compare the quality of life of neuropathic patients using either gabapentin or pregabalin at the neuropathic clinic of the Regional General Hospital of West Nusa Tenggara Province in 2019. Methods: This study used a cross-sectional study design. The sampling technique that was used was purposive sampling which was carried out by filling out the EQ-5D-3L and EQ-VAS questionnaires. Results: The results showed no significant difference between the quality of life of the patients using gabapentin and the patients using pregabalin as the EQ-5D-3L questionnaire had a value of p = 0.683. There was no significant difference between the quality of life between the gabapentin and pregabalin groups using the EQ-VAS questionnaire which had a value of p = 1.000.

Multiple sclerosis patients and e-health system in Saudi Arabia

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Foziah Alshamrani ◽  
Hind Alnajashi
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Treatment Adherence ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Adherence To Treatment ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis Patients

Purpose Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune neurological disease. Disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) are mainstay lifelong treatment with no immediate benefits observed. Adherence to treatment is necessary, however, non-adherence is common problem in MS patients. This paper aims to evaluate patient-related factors and satisfactions affecting medication adherence in Saudi MS patients and their rights to discontinue them against medical advice. Design/methodology/approach In total, 409 patients diagnosed with MS, using self-administered DMT (oral and injectable), were randomly enrolled in a cross-sectional study. Electronic questionnaire was used in data collection. Findings Most participants (71.1%) did not know about their MS type. Average age of participants when diagnosed with MS was 27.9 ± 8 years (range 7–69), mean disease duration was 8.1 ± 6.6. Most patients received injectable therapy 363 (88%). Overall adherence in our sample was 67%. Age of participants and duration of disease had no impact on treatment adherence. No significant differences found between genders, educational level, marital status, and smoking in relation to treatment adherence. Route of administration did not reach statistical significance despite a higher percentage of adherence reported in patients on oral DMT [33% (n = 15)] versus injectable therapy [29% (n = 104)]. Conversely, there was significant difference between adherent and non-adherent patients according to anxiety (p = 0.002) and family history of MS (p = 0.011). Originality/value The results revealed that the age of the participants and the duration of the disease had no impact on adherence to treatment.

scholarly journals RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ESOPHAGITIS GRADES AND HELICOBACTER PYLORI

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 135-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrícia Fernanda Saboya RIBEIRO ◽  
Luiz Fernandao KUBRUSLY ◽  
Paulo Afonso Nunes NASSIF ◽  
Irma Cláudia Saboya RIBEIRO ◽  
Andressa de Souza BERTOLDI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Type A ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Endoscopic Examination ◽  
Type B ◽  
Gastric Lesions ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Urease Test ◽  
Significant Difference

ABSTRACT Background: The Helicobacter pylori infection (HP) is related to the development of gastric lesions and lymphoma; however, it is not known if there is a relation with gastroesophageal reflux disease and reflux esophagitis. Aim: To evaluate HP's relationship with esophagitis in patients undergoing upper endoscopy. Methods: Observational, retrospective and cross-sectional study, being evaluated 9576 patients undergoing outpatient endoscopic examination during the period between January and December 2015. Were included patients with any esophageal alteration at the examination; greater than 18; of both genders; independent of the complaint or the reason for the examination, illness or drug use. Were excluded those with active bleeding during the examination and in use of anticoagulants. The variables gender, age, esophagitis and result of the urease test, were studied. For statistical analysis was used the Epi Info software 7.1.5.2. Results: Most of the samples consisted of women and the overall average age was 46.54±16.32 years. The presence of infection was balanced for gender: 1204 (12.56%) women and 952 (13.92%) men. Relating degree of esophagitis HP- and HP+ was observed that the type A was the most common (58.79%, n=1460); 604 (24.32%) had grade B; 334 (13.45%) grade C, and 85 (3.42%) grade D. In the relation between the grade of esophagitis with gender, esophagitis A was predominant in women and present in 929 (63.33%), followed by type B, 282 (46.68%), 136 C (40.71%) and D 30 (35.29%). In men 531 (36.36%) showed type A, 322 (53.31%) B, 198 (59.28%) C, and 55 (64.70%) D. Among the groups 40-50 and over 60 years there was a significant difference in whether have or not have HP+. Conclusion: There is no significant difference between HP infection and the different grades of esophagitis.

Chlamydia pneumoniae-specific serum immune complexes in patients with multiple sclerosis

2008 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 292-299 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Parratt ◽  
Roger Tavendale ◽  
Jonathan O'Riordan ◽  
David Parratt ◽  
Robert Swingler
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Immune Complexes ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Chlamydia Pneumoniae ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Healthy Population ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Specific Serum

The significance of Chlamydia pneumoniae infection in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) is unclear. We determined the frequency of serum C. pneumoniae-specific immune complexes in patients with MS, neurological (OND) and healthy controls in a blinded, cross-sectional study. C. pneumoniae immune complexes were detected in 24% (38/156) of MS patients, 16% (11/69) of OND and 15% (77/499) of healthy controls. The odds ratio for all MS patients was 3.95 (95% CI: 2.15 to 7.24; P < 0.0001) accounting for the covariates: sex, age, socio-economic status and area of residence. The odds ratio for recently diagnosed MS patients was 4.33 (95% CI: 1.76 to 10.64; P = 0.001). Systemic C. pneumoniae infection is more frequent in MS patients than the healthy population and occurs early in the course of the disease. Multiple Sclerosis 2007; 14: 292—299. http://msj.sagepub.com

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