scholarly journals How Epigenetics Contributes to the Understanding of Human Development

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iván Enrique Naranjo Logroño ◽  
Anthony Alfonso Naranjo Coronel ◽  
Alison Tamara Ruiz Chico ◽  
Leslie Gricel Cuzco Macías
Keyword(s):  
Human Development ◽  
Deoxyribonucleic Acid ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Phenotypic Expression ◽  
Palabras Clave ◽  
Nutrition And Diet ◽  
Review Study ◽  
Living Organisms ◽  
The Individual

Introduction: Epigenetics, which studies the phenotypic expression of certain characteristics in relation to the interaction with the environment, specifically of the primary DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) sequence and that does not modulate the genetic expression. Objective: To identify the role of epigenetics in the understanding of development of the human being. Method: Non-systematic bibliographic review in databases such as PubMed, Elsevier, Academic Google, Scopus, Lilacs, Scielo and website What is epigenetics and NIH, which includes the terms epigenetics, development. Results: Review of 57 articles from 2007 to 2019, of which 30 that were in correspondence with the topic and objective of this literature review study were included. Discussion: Epigenetics refers to all those non-genetic factors involved in the formation of the individual, epigenetics tries to explain why living organisms express some genes and other silences for this way to assemble their physical characteristics. There are several factors involved in epigenetic expression, stories such as nutrition and diet during pregnancy, maltreatment and maternal stress, exercise, microbiome, among others. Conclusion: Epigenetics as a science helps us to understand certain phenomena that occur in the phenotypic expression of characteristics of the individual that could not otherwise be explained. Currently, epigenetic mechanisms are more studied and better understood so that the understanding of human development is in turn more understood. Keywords: genetic, epigenetic, development. RESUMEN Introducción: La epigenética, que estudia la expresión fenotípica de ciertas características en relación con la interacción con el medio ambiente, independientemente de la secuencia primaria de ADN (ácido desoxirribonucleico) y que estos no modulan la expresión genética. Objetivo: Identificar el rol de la epigenética en la comprensión del desarrollo del ser humano. Método: Revisión bibliográfica no sistemática en bases de datos como PubMed, Elsevier, Academic Google, Scopus, Lilacs, Scielo y sitio web What is epigenetics y NIH, que incluyó los términos epigenética, desarrollo. Resultados: Revisión de 57 artículos desde 2007 a 2019, de los cuales se incluyeron 30 que están en correspondencia con el tema y objetivo del presente estudio de revisión de la literatura. Discusión: La epigenética se refiere a todos aquellos factores no genéticos que intervienen en la formación del individuo, en este contexto la epigenética intenta explicar la razón para que algunos organismos vivos expresen en sus características físicas unos genes y silencien otros. Existen varios factores que intervienen en la expresión epigenética, tales como la nutrición y la dieta durante el embarazo, el maltrato y el estrés materno, el ejercicio, el microbioma, entre otros. Conclusión: La epigenética como ciencia nos ayuda a la comprensión de ciertos fenómenos que ocurren en la expresión fenotípica de características propias del individuo que de otra forma no podrían ser explicadas. En la actualidad, los mecanismos epigenéticos son más estudiados y mejor entendidos de modo que el entendimiento del desarrollo humano es a su vez más comprendido. Palabras clave: genética, epigenética, desarrollo.

scholarly journals The inorganic chemicals that surround us: role of tellurium, selenium and zinc on behavioural functions in mammals

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-163
Author(s):  
Edgardo O. Alvarez ◽  
Osvaldo J. Sacchi ◽  
Silvia G. Ratti
Keyword(s):  
Social Activity ◽  
Phenotypic Expression ◽  
Adaptive Responses ◽  
Biologic Effects ◽  
Continuous Interaction ◽  
Inorganic Chemical ◽  
Living Organisms ◽  
La Rioja ◽  
Toxic Concentrations

Living organisms live in continuous interaction with its environment. During this process changes in one can induce adaptive responses on the other. Many factors in the environment have been studied with the notorious distinction of been rare or to be of high intensity strength in its interaction with living organisms. However, little attention has been put on some factors that have constant interaction with organisms but usually have low intensity strength, such as the case of the inorganic chemical environment that surrounds us. In this review, the interaction between the chemical element and living organisms is discussed under a theoretical model of interaction between compartments, giving attention to tellurium (Te), zinc (Zn) and selenium (Se) on some cognitive functions in human and animals. After studies in our laboratory of the phenotypic expression of the HSR (Hand Skill Relative) gene in school children community living in geographic zone rich in minerals and mines of La Rioja province, Argentine, where Te was found to be in higher non-toxic concentrations, a translational experimental model to maturing rats exposed to this trace element was made. Te was found to increase some parameters related to locomotion in an open field induced by novelty and exploratory motivation. At the same time, inhibition of lateralized responses, survival responses and social activity was also observed. Some of these changes, particularly those related to lateralization had similarity with that found previously in children of La Rioja province. Discussion of similarities and discrepancies of biologic effects between animals and humans, about the possible meaning of Te and its interaction with Zn and Se with relevance to humans was analyzed.

scholarly journals Industry 4.0 and their application in medicine and dentistry, as well as the fight against the COVID-19 pandemic

Tehnika ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 76 (4) ◽  
pp. 509-520
Author(s):  
Nemanja Majstorović ◽  
Vidosav Majstorović ◽  
Radivoje Mitrović ◽  
Žarko Mišković
Keyword(s):  
Detailed Analysis ◽  
Industry 4.0 ◽  
Review Paper ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Complete System ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Review Study ◽  
The Individual

Basics: Industry 4.0 is a realized reality, which already today has a growing application in medicine and dentistry. So, at this moment, its application is especially important in the fight against covid-19. Aim of the paper: The purpose of this review paper is to understand the role of Industry 4.0 in the field of medicine and dentistry and to identify research directions, including future applications, especially for covid-19. Material and method: A detailed analysis of papers on Industry 4.0 in medicine, dentistry and related fields was performed and possible applications and directions of research were identified, especially for covid-19.Result: Through this review study, we identified different technologies, opportunities and research status of Industry 4.0 in the field of medicine, dentistry and covid-19 pandemic, through 19 areas of application. We can say that Industry 4.0 will become an essential part of tomorrow's smart factory of medical and dental devices. Conclusion: Industry 4.0 shows a wide range of possibilities for the production of newly adapted implants (medical and dental) and innovative tools and instruments for the field of medicine and dentistry. This model enables the creation of a digital clinic and digital office, with a complete system of medical and dental monitoring, which meets the individual requirements of the patient, thus creating the industry of medicine and dentistry with optimization of treatment time and costs. In the future, Industry 4.0 will create new capabilities and innovative protocols for the treatment and care of patients, both in medicine and dentistry.

scholarly journals MENTAL DEVELOPMENT: PROBLEMS OF PERIODIZATION IN THE VIEWS OF FOREIGN AND DOMESTIC THEORISTS

2021 ◽  
pp. 30-37
Author(s):  
Korokhod Ya.D.
Keyword(s):  
Human Development ◽  
Psychosocial Development ◽  
Driving Forces ◽  
Mental Development ◽  
Internal Factors ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
Psychological Knowledge ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Individual

Purpose of the article is the analysis of the conceptual positions of the representatives of psychological science within the concept of “mental development” and definition of the periodization of mental development in the views of domestic and foreign representatives. Research methods. Analysis and synthesis, systematization of scientific sources, comparison and generalization.Results. It is determined that mental development covers various fields of human existence, including such as: psychophysiological, cognitive and psychosocial ones. It is characterized by features that are expressed in irreversibility, direction and regularity.It is considered the S. Hall's theory of recapitulation, which is based on the biogenetic law in the article. Taking into account the contribution of S. Hall to the development of psychological knowledge, E. Hutchison lays the extraction of food by man as a criterion in the basis of mental development. It is determined the role of ethical and moral ideas in the views of L. Kohlberg and the connection with the periodization of human development.It was taken into account the role of psychological orientations of a human in his life and their role at each stage of mental development of the individual through the theory of psychosocial development of E. Erickson. It is determined the place of intelligence in human development and its connection with the development of the human psyche in the views of J. Piaget. It is characterized the views of S. Khudoyan views in the periodization of human development, where in his research he relied on the functional significance of biological, social and psychological neoformations.Conclusions. According to the results of theoretical analysis, it is established that a mental development is influenced by both external and internal factors, or biological and social. Periodization of its development was devised by scientists and theorists in accordance with the driving forces, which in their opinion were decisive. It was identified the areas according to which theories of periodization of mental development were devised: biogenetic, sociogenetic and mixed.Key words: psyche, mental development, subjective and objective factors, age, crisis periods. Мета. Метою статті є аналіз концептуальних положень представників психологічної науки в рамках поняття «психічний розвиток» та визначення проблематики періодизації психічного розвитку в поглядах вітчизняних та зарубіжних представників. Методи. Аналіз та синтез, систематизація наукових джерел, порівняння та узагальнення.Результати. Визначено, що психічний розвиток охоплює собою різні сфери людського буття, вклю-чаючи психофізіологічну, когнітивну та психосоціальну сфери. Для нього характерні особливості, які виражаються в незворотності, спрямованості та закономірності.У статті розглянуто теорію рекапітуляцій С. Холла, в основі якої лежить біогенетичний закон. Беручи до уваги вклад С. Холла в розвиток психологічного знання, Е. Гетчисон в основу психічного розвитку закладає добування їжі людиною як критерій. Визначено роль етичних та моральних уявлень у поглядах Л. Колберга та зв’язок із періодизацією розвитку людини. Проаналізовано наявність кризових періодів у періодизації психологічного розвитку особистості в поглядах Л. Виготського та В. Слободчикова.Було взято до уваги роль психологічних орієнтирів людини в її житті та їх роль на кожному етапі психічного розвитку особистості через теорію психосоціального розвитку Е. Еріксона. Визначено місце інтелекту в розвитку особистості та зв’язок його з розвитком психіки в поглядах Ж. Піаже. Охарактеризовано погляди С. Худояна в періодизації розвитку людини, де у своїх дослідженнях він спирався на функціональне значення біологічних, соціальних та психологічних новоутворень.Висновки. За результатами теоретичного аналізу встановлено, що психічний розвиток зазнає впливу як зовнішніх, так і внутрішніх чинників, або ж біологічних і соціальних. Періодизація психічного розвитку розроблялась науковцями та теоретиками відповідно до рушійних сил, які, на їхню думку, були визначальними. Були виділені напрями, згідно з якими розроблялись теорії періодизації психічного розвитку: біогенетичний, соціогенетичний та змішаний. Подальші перспективи дослідження будуть розширювати ґрунтовність вивчення означеної проблеми.Ключові слова: психіка, психічний розвиток, суб’єктивні та об’єктивні чинники, вік, кризові періоди.

Learning Agility

2021 ◽  
pp. 3-30
Author(s):  
Kenneth P. De Meuse ◽  
Veronica Schmidt Harvey
Keyword(s):  
Financial Performance ◽  
Psychological Contract ◽  
Deoxyribonucleic Acid ◽  
Organizational Health ◽  
First Century ◽  
Learning Agility ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Living Organisms ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Relationship

Learning Agility: The DNA for Leaders and Organizations in the Twenty-First Century highlights the importance of learning agility for identifying and developing the next generation of leaders. Similar to how DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) carries the genetic instructions used in the functioning, growth, and reproduction of all living organisms, it can be argued that the selection and development of tomorrow’s leaders is the DNA responsible for the financial performance and organizational health of a company’s future. In the chapter, the need for “agility” at both the individual level and the company level is explored. Initially, the changing corporate landscape is examined and how the relationship between employees and employers (i.e., the psychological contract) has evolved is investigated. The emergence and expansion of the learning agility construct also are reviewed. Ultimately, the goal is to set the stage for a book devoted to assisting scholars and practitioners in their quest to understand and apply learning agility effectively.

The Role of Science, Technology, and the Individual on the Way of Software Systems Since 1968

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-33
Author(s):  
Zeynep Altan
Keyword(s):  
Information Theory ◽  
Digital Transformation ◽  
Discrete Mathematics ◽  
Software Systems ◽  
Technological Developments ◽  
Review Study ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Definition Of Information

The NATO conference held in Garmisch in 1968 was on the future of the computer and software world, and it presented the process of realization of what has been talked about in those dates to the present day. This chapter also examines the development of software systems since 1968, depending on the technological developments. The contribution of mathematics and physics to the development of information systems was explained in chronological order by comparing the possibilities of yesterday and today. Complementary contributions of science and technology have been evaluated in the evolutionary and revolutionary developments ranging from the definition of information theory in 1948 to teleportation. It can clearly be seen that discrete mathematics directly affects the improvements in computer science. This review study clearly shows that it would not be possible to talk about digital transformation and quantum computation if the discoveries of Shannon, Turing and Neumann, and the studies of other scientists before them did not exist.

Human Flourishing and Well-Being

2019 ◽  
pp. 74-93
Author(s):  
K. Seeta Prabhu ◽  
Sandhya S. Iyer
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Human Development ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Collective Agency ◽  
Human Flourishing ◽  
Personal Freedom ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
The Individual

This chapter reflects on the meta questions of human flourishing, well-being, and justice, and critically looks at ideas of choices, well-being, and freedom from a human development standpoint. Freedom is the pivot around which human development revolves, where freedoms are of two kinds, personal freedom and process freedom, each of which has different public policy implications. The chapter discusses both process and opportunity freedoms and distinguishes them from other conventional notions of freedom. It also deals with the process of choice and the act of choice at the individual level and its relationship with human flourishing. Further, the role of agency is highlighted, where both individual as well as collective agency are established as important to bring about a change in the society.

scholarly journals Correlation of Environment, Nutrition, Genetics, Epigenetics, Microbiota with Neonatal Fetus Development

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iván Enrique Naranjo Logroño ◽  
Anthony Alfonso Naranjo Coronel ◽  
Angie Daniela Beltrán Vera ◽  
Ashley Carolina Cuzco Macías
Keyword(s):  
Human Development ◽  
Fetal Development ◽  
Phenotypic Expression ◽  
External Factors ◽  
Neonatal Development ◽  
Palabras Clave ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Moment ◽  
The Relationship

Introduction: From the moment of conception the human being is predisposed to undergo changes in fetal and neonatal development due to various external factors that occur throughout life and can in the long term influence the phenotypic expression of the new being. Objective: The objective of this work is to determine the relationship between the environment, nutrition, genetics, epigenetics and microbiota with neonatal fetus development and how they influence the phenotypic expression of the new being. Methods: A non-systematic search was performed in electronic databases such as COCHRANE, PUBMED, MEDLINE, etc. The bibliographic research was carried out in the period between October 2019 and January 2020. The studies carried out from 2007 to 2019, in the languages of Spanish and English, were included. Results: We found 51 bibliographic sources related to the subject, of which by means of a last simplification, 30 scientific articles were used that provided important information on the subject, and 21 articles were excluded. Conclusion: Research on methods to detect these interactions and to understand the mechanisms of these interactions is just beginning. However, there is evidence that they play an important role in human development. Keywords: neonatal development, epigenetics, microbiota, fetal development, nutrition. RESUMEN Introducción: Desde el momento de la concepción el ser humano está predispuesto a sufrir cambios en el desarrollo fetal y neonatal debido a diversos factores externos que se presentan a lo largo de la vida y pueden a largo plazo influir en la expresión fenotípica del nuevo ser. Objetivo: El objetivo del presente trabajo es determinar la relación que existe entre el medio ambiente, nutrición, genética, epigenética y microbiota con el desarrollo feto neonatal y como los mismos influyen en la expresión fenotípica del nuevo ser. Métodos: Se realizó una búsqueda no sistemática en bases de datos electrónicas como COCHRANE, PUBMED, MEDLINE, etc. La investigación bibliográfica se realizó en el periodo comprendido entre octubre 2019 y enero 2020. Se incluyeron estudios realizados desde el año 2007 hasta el año 2019, en los idiomas de español e inglés. Resultados: Se encontraron 51 fuentes bibliográficas referentes al tema, de los cuales mediante una última simplificación se utilizaron 30 artículos científicos que aportaron información importante del tema y se excluyeron 21 artículos. Conclusiones: La investigación sobre métodos para detectar estas interacciones y para comprender los mecanismos de estas interacciones apenas está comenzando. Sin embargo, hay evidencia de que estas juegan un papel importante en el desarrollo humano. Palabras clave: desarrollo neonatal, epigenética, microbiota, desarrollo fetal, nutrición.

scholarly journals РОЛЬ СОЦІОКУЛЬТУРНОГО ПРОСТОРУ У ФОРМУВАННІ СТІЙКОСТІ САМОІДЕНТИЧНОСТІ ЛЮДИНИ

2019 ◽  
pp. 71-76
Author(s):  
Ahnessa Valeriivna Pashynska
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Human Development ◽  
Philosophical Study ◽  
Self Identity ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Human Culture ◽  
Sustainable Human Development ◽  
The World ◽  
The Individual

Urgency of the research. The program of sustainable development of the world requires a philosophical study of sustainable development of the individual. Target setting. Since we live in a democratic society, the sustainable development of this society is possible only if each member of this society will be willing to achieve the goals of sustainable development of the world, the own sustainable development, in particular. Actual scientific researches and issues analysis. Most of the researches are devoted to economic, ecological or social analysis of sustainable development (Adamiak S., Blewitt J., James P., Richard C., Sachs J.D., Walczak D., Barinova V. A., Belotelov N. V., Bekh V. P., Bilyatsky S., Bobukh I., Bochkovskaya A., Brodsky Yu. I., Vatchenko O. B., Grebennikov V. O., Denisyuk S. P., Zharova L. V., Zemtsov S. P., Kashcheeva G. M., Klyuchko V. G., Lyashchenko I. S., Mirkin B. M., Naumova L. G., Nersesyan G. A., Olenev N. N., Onegina V. M., Pavlovsky Yu. N., Tarasova N. P.). The problem of sustainable human development in philosophical discourse is insufficiently studied. Uninvestigated parts of general matters defining. The issue about the base of sustainable human development requires more detailed research in the philosophical context. The research objective. The study of sustainable human development requires an analysis of the process of forming the sustainable self-identity and determining the role of sociocultural space in this process. The statement of basic materials. The article considers the sustainable self-identity as the base of human sustainable development. Internal and external human culture are defined as the main tools for gaining sustainable self-identity. It is noted that the sociocultural space of man is the environment for the development of their external culture and plays an important role in the assertion of man in the sustainable self-identity and personal sustainable development. Conclusions. The use of certain practices of sociocultural space can help a person to develop an external culture and achieve personal sustainable development. It is necessary to study the ways of involving a person with the sustainable self-identity in the sociocultural space and to identify the most effective practices for the development of external human culture.

scholarly journals OFICINAS SOBRE QUEDAS E ACIDENTES DOMÉSTICOS GERAIS EM PESSOAS IDOSAS NO PROGRAMA UniversIDADE

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 75-81
Author(s):  
Jane Kelly Oliveira Friestino ◽  
Denise Cuoghi de Carvalho Veríssimo Freitas
Keyword(s):  
Life Quality ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Calidad De Vida ◽  
Palabras Clave ◽  
Elderly Health ◽  
Institutional Relations ◽  
The Individual

O envelhecimento é um processo normal do desenvolvimento do ser humano, caracterizado por mudanças fisiológicas (senescência) ou patológicas (senilidade). Com o avançar da idade, as comorbidades podem estar presentes no idoso. O desempenho das atividades de vida diária fica prejudicado e, devido a alterações sensório-motoras, cognitivas e psicossociais, aumenta a vulnerabilidade para a ocorrência de quedas e acidentes domésticos, comprometendo a capacidade funcional e podendo levar à morte. O objetivo deste trabalho é apresentar o relato de experiência do oferecimento de oficinas intituladas: “Acidentes domésticos com pessoa idosa: prevenção e ação” a um grupo de idosos participantes de um programa específico para essa faixa etária. As oficinas foram ofertadas como parte do Programa de Extensão Universitária–UniversIDADE de uma Universidade pública do interior de São Paulo. Os encontros da oficina foram realizados entre maio e agosto de 2015, com duração de uma hora cada encontro, totalizando sete encontros. Uma enfermeira e uma fisioterapeuta foram mediadoras voluntárias. Os temas abordados foram: quedas, alterações sensoriais, estratégias de prevenção e ação em acidentes domésticos, queimaduras e hemorragias. Quanto aos resultados das oficinas destacaram-se a participação ativa dos idosos nas discussões dos temas abordados e a relevância dos mesmos para a prevenção dos acidentes domésticos e da ocorrência de queda. Considerou-se importante a atuação dos idosos como agentes multiplicadores das informações adquiridas nas atividades, com extensão aos seus familiares, a outros idosos de seu convívio e para sua própria qualidade de vida. Palavras-chave: Extensão Universitária, Relações Comunidade-Instituição, Acidentes domésticos, Prevenção, Saúde do Idoso.   Workshops on falls and general domestic accidents in elderly people in the UniversIDADE Program Abstract: Aging is a natural process of human development characterized by normal physiological (senescence) or pathological (senility) changes. As old age advances comorbidities may impact the individual. The performance of daily activities might be compromised by sensory-motor, cognitive and psychosocial impairments, and as a result, the likelihood of falls and domestic accidents is increased, compromising the functional capability and ultimately being fatal. This paper aims at providing an account of the experiences of the workshop entitled: "Domestic accidents involving the elderly: prevention and action" for a group of elderly in a university program targeting this specific age group. The workshops were offered as part of the "UniversIDADE", an Extension Program of a public university in São Paulo State, Brazil. The meetings were coordinated by two volunteers, a nurse and a physiotherapist. The topics addressed in the workshops were falls, sensory changes, prevention strategies, action to be taken in case of domestic accidents, burns and hemorrhages. The meetings highlighted the active participation of the elderly in the discussions of the topics approached in the workshop and their relevance for preventing domestic accidents. Furthermore, the role of older people as multipliers of information acquired in activities with extension to their families was emphasized to other seniors close to them and as an important aspect to improve their own life quality. Key-words: University Extension, Community-Institutional Relations, Domestic Accidents, Prevention, Elderly Health.   Talleres sobre caídas y accidentes domésticos generales en ancianos del Programa UniversIDADE Resumen: El envejecimiento es un proceso natural del desarrollo humano, caracterizado por cambios fisiológicos normales (senescencia) o patológicos (senilidad). Con la edad avanzada las comorbilidades pueden estar presentes en la vida de los ancianos. El rendimiento de las actividades diarias es perjudicado y, a causa de cambios en la capacidad sensorial-motora, cognitivos y psicosociales, los ancianos están más vulnerables a caídas y accidentes domésticos, lo que puede comprometer su salud y llevar a la muerte. El objetivo de este trabajo es presentar un informe de la experiencia de los talleres titulados: "Los accidentes domésticos con ancianos: la prevención y la acción". Los talleres fueron ofrecidos por el Programa de Extensión Universitaria “UniversIDADE” de una universidad pública de São Paulo, Brasil. Con un total de siete encuentros, los talleres se llevaron a cabo entre mayo y agosto de 2015, con duración de una hora cada, dictados por dos mediadoras voluntarias; una enfermera y una fisioterapeuta. Los temas tratados en los talleres fueron: caídas, cambios sensoriales, las estrategias de prevención y acción en los accidentes domésticos, quemaduras y hemorragias. Como resultados de las reuniones, se destaca la participación activa de los ancianos en las discusiones de los temas tratados en cada actividad y la importancia de ellos como multiplicadores de la información adquirida en los talleres, con extensión a sus familias, a otras personas ancianas de su convivencia y a su propia calidad de vida. Palabras-clave: Extensión Universitaria, Relaciones Comunidad-Institución, Accidentes Domésticos, Prevención, Salud del Anciano

scholarly journals The Role of Mass Media in the Formation of Media Literacy of the Individual in the Context of Information Warfare

2020 ◽  
pp. 11-19
Author(s):  
Oleg Chernysh ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Human Development ◽  
Media Literacy ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
Cognitive Activity ◽  
Young Generation ◽  
Information Warfare ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Concept Of Information

The article defines the role of the media in the formation of media literacy of the individual in the context of information warfare on the basis of theoretical and empirical analysis. It is emphasized that information wars have a long history of development and have been known for a long period of human development. It is noted that the concept of “information warfare” became especially relevant in the second half of the twentieth century. This is due to the active development of scientific and technological progress and the beginning of a new information age of human development. Different interpretations of the concept of “information warfare” are analyzed in detail, the main world concepts of information wars are characterized, in particular: the American, British, French and German ones. The concepts of “media literacy” and “media education” are described. They consist in preparing the young generation for life in modern information conditions. Methods of forming media literacy are analyzed, in particular the activation of independent educational and cognitive activity of students, the formation of knowledge, skills and abilities to use information technologies and the ability to create a media educational platform.

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