scholarly journals The gender differences as a risk factor in diabetic patients with COVID-19

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tahir Belice ◽  
Ismail Demir
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Electronic Document ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Time In Literature ◽  
First Time

Background and Objectives: In a Turkish cohort study, we revealed first time in literature the gender differences in admis- sion to hospital and rates of mortality for diabetic patients with COVID-19. Materials and Methods: The demographics, length of stay, mortality rates and concomitant chronic metabolic diseases of 152 patients diagnosed with COVID-19 were found in our hospital electronic document system (Probel) and recorded in excel files for further statistical analysis. Results: In the mortality group (n:22), the numbers of men and women were 9 (40.9%) and 4 (18.2%), respectively. Compar- ing gender rates in diabetic group, the mortality risk of diabetic men was higher and statistically significant (p<0.05, Pearson Chi-square value:7.246). Conclusion: We hope that the findings of this research will give scientists an idea of gender differences in viral pandemics for further studies.

scholarly journals Gender Differences in Cancer Screening Beliefs, Behaviors, and Willingness to Participate

2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 211-217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jenna L. Davis ◽  
Kyrel L. Buchanan ◽  
Ralph V. Katz ◽  
B. Lee Green
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
New York ◽  
Puerto Rico ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Willingness To Participate ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Random Digit ◽  
Random Digit Dial ◽  
Logistic Regressions

Men have higher cancer mortality rates for all sites combined compared with women. Cancer screening (CS) participation is important for the early detection of cancer. This study explores gender differences in CS beliefs, behaviors, and willingness to participate. The data were collected from a stratified, random-digit dial survey of adults living in New York, Maryland, and Puerto Rico. Chi-square tests and logistic regressions were computed to analyze gender associations among CS beliefs, behaviors, and willingness variables. Men and women believed that CSs were effective, though a higher percentage of men had never had a past CS. Men were less willing to participate in a CS at the present time and in a skin cancer exam; however, when given descriptions of screening conditions, men indicated more willingness to participate. These gender differences highlight the need for health professionals to examine their efforts in providing enhanced CS promotion and education among men.

Gender Differences in the Motivations for the Use of Sanctions in Conflicts Within Muslim and Jewish Couples

2020 ◽  
pp. 088626052093549
Author(s):  
Wafaa Sowan-Basheer ◽  
Zeev Winstok
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Intimate Relationships ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Orthodox Jewish ◽  
Heterosexual Couples ◽  
Preliminary Estimate ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
First Time ◽  
Empirical Implications

This study aimed to examine differences between men and women and between Muslims, secular Jews, and religious Jews in their motivations for using sanctions within their intimate relationships. This work involved heterosexual couples from the general population. The sample included 95 Muslim, 68 secular Jewish, and 70 ultra-orthodox Jewish couples (466 participants). The findings of the study show that sanction use during times of conflict is prevalent among the vast majority of couples. Motivations for the use of sanctions are stronger among women than men. In addition, the strongest motivation expressed by both genders was a motivation for conflict resolution. This is the first time that sanctions, as a tactic to cope with conflict, have been addressed in a scholarly manner. This study provides a preliminary estimate of how commonly these types of behaviors are used in intimate relationships. Theoretical and empirical implications of the theoretical framework and the findings are discussed, including the role of the use of sanction in the escalation of intimate partner conflicts.

Gender Differences in Cancer of the Larynx

1995 ◽  
Vol 104 (6) ◽  
pp. 419-424 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mimi S. Kokoska ◽  
Jay F. Piccirillo ◽  
Bruce H. Haughey
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Gender Difference ◽  
Symptom Severity ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Prognostic Variables ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Patients With Cancer ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
Anatomic Subsite

Gender differences in the incidence and mortality rates for cancers of the lung, colon, and larynx have previously been noted. The goal of this project was to identify gender differences in prognostic variables for survival and recurrence for patients with cancer of the larynx. The medical records of 193 patients with cancer of the larynx treated initially between 1973 and 1985 were examined retrospectively. A total of 151 men and 42 women were included. A majority of men developed glottic cancers, whereas a majority of women developed supraglottic cancers. Age was prognostically important for both genders; however, comorbidity, symptom severity, anatomic subsite, and TNM stage all had different impacts on survival and recurrence in men and women. No gender difference in initial treatment was found. This study suggests that when designing and analyzing the results from clinical studies of cancer of the larynx, it is important to employ stratification based on gender.

scholarly journals Ischemic heart disease in women

2011 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 1462-1469 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Sancho Cantus ◽  
María del Carmen Solano Ruiz
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Ischemic Heart Disease ◽  
Qualitative Methodology ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Ischemic Heart ◽  
High Morbidity ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Coronary Diseases

Nowadays, Coronary Diseases (CDs) represent the main mortality cause in men and women, but there are gender differences regarding their presentation, progression and the way the disease is tackled. This study mainly focuses on reviewing literature about the CD and its gender approach. The authors carried out a search of texts that use qualitative methodology, published between 2003 and 2009 in the following databases: PUBMED, IME, CUIDEN and CINAHL. Factors that hinder the early diagnosis of Ischemic Heart Disease in women are identified as the main findings, and the possible consequences are pointed out. In the fifty-six texts that were selected initially, we can see the difficulty women face to recognize early symptoms of the CD and their low risk perception of this disease. Greater awareness on Ischemic Heart Disease is needed, so that the high morbidity and mortality rates can be reduced.

scholarly journals The association between cardiovascular disease admission rates and the coronavirus disease 2019 lockdown and reopening of a nation: a Danish nationwide cohort study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jawad H Butt ◽  
Lauge Østergaard ◽  
Thomas A Gerds ◽  
Marie D Lauridsen ◽  
Kristian Kragholm ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Rate Ratio ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Admission Rates ◽  
Mortality Rate Ratio ◽  
First Time

Abstract Aims To investigate the admission rates of cardiovascular diseases, overall and according to subgroups, and subsequent mortality rates during the coronavirus disease 2019 societal lockdown (12 March 2020) and reopening phase (15 April 2020) in Denmark. Methods and results Using Danish nationwide registries, we identified patients with a first-time acute cardiovascular admission in two periods: (i) 2 January–16 October 2019 and (ii) 2 January–15 October 2020. Weekly incidence rates of a first-time cardiovascular admission, overall and according to subtypes, in the two periods were calculated. The incidence rate of first-time cardiovascular admissions overall was significantly lower during the first weeks of lockdown in 2020 compared with a similar period in 2019 but increased after the gradual reopening of the Danish society. A similar trend was observed for all subgroups of cardiovascular diseases. The mortality rate among patients admitted after March 12 was not significantly different in 2020 compared with 2019 [mortality rate ratio 0.98; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.91–1.06)]. Conclusion In Denmark, we observed a substantial decrease in the rate of acute cardiovascular admissions, overall and according to subtypes, during the first weeks of lockdown. However, after the gradual reopening of the Danish society, the admission rates for acute cardiovascular diseases increased and returned to rates similar to those observed in 2019. The mortality rate in patients admitted with cardiovascular diseases during lockdown was similar to that of patients during the same period in 2019.

scholarly journals Gender differences in occupational wage mobility in the 1958 cohort

2008 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 263-280 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shirley Dex ◽  
Kelly Ward ◽  
Heather Joshi
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Wage Growth ◽  
Hourly Wage ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Lower Growth ◽  
Development Study ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Wage Rates ◽  
Women's Wages

This article examines the wage growth of British men and women between the ages of 33 and 42 who were employed full time at both of these ages using the 1958 National Child and Development Study. Wage growth is examined in the differences of the log of hourly wage rates reported at the 33 and 42 year old interviews of this cohort study. Men were found to have higher wage growth rewards than women when in higher occupations and be more likely than women to be in these higher wage growth occupations. Women's wages grew more slowly over the period than men's wages because they were located disproportionately in lower growth and feminized jobs. Domestic ties did not explain the differences in wage growth for this group, where the occupational penalties of gender widened.

scholarly journals Ethnic differences in COVID-19 mortality during the first two waves of the Coronavirus Pandemic: a nationwide cohort study of 29 million adults in England

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vahé Nafilyan ◽  
Nazrul Islam ◽  
Rohini Mathur ◽  
Daniel Ayoubkhani ◽  
Amitava Banerjee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Ethnic Minority ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Minority Groups ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Ethnic Minority Groups ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Geographical Factors ◽  
Second Wave

AbstractEthnic minorities have experienced disproportionate COVID-19 mortality rates in the UK and many other countries. We compared the differences in the risk of COVID-19 related death between ethnic groups in the first and second waves the of COVID-19 pandemic in England. We also investigated whether the factors explaining differences in COVID-19 death between ethnic groups changed between the two waves. Using data from the Office for National Statistics Public Health Data Asset, a linked dataset combining the 2011 Census with primary care and hospital records and death registrations, we conducted an observational cohort study to examine differences in the risk of death involving COVID-19 between ethnic groups in the first wave (from 24th January 2020 until 31st August 2020) and the first part of the second wave (from 1st September to 28th December 2020). We estimated age-standardised mortality rates (ASMR) in the two waves stratified by ethnic groups and sex. We also estimated hazard ratios (HRs) for ethnic-minority groups compared with the White British population, adjusted for geographical factors, socio-demographic characteristics, and pre-pandemic health conditions. The study population included over 28.9 million individuals aged 30–100 years living in private households. In the first wave, all ethnic minority groups had a higher risk of COVID-19 related death compared to the White British population. In the second wave, the risk of COVID-19 death remained elevated for people from Pakistani (ASMR: 339.9 [95% CI: 303.7–376.2] and 166.8 [141.7–191.9] deaths per 100,000 population in men and women) and Bangladeshi (318.7 [247.4–390.1] and 127.1 [91.1–171.3] in men and women) background but not for people from Black ethnic groups. Adjustment for geographical factors explained a large proportion of the differences in COVID-19 mortality in the first wave but not in the second wave. Despite an attenuation of the elevated risk of COVID-19 mortality after adjusting for sociodemographic characteristics and health status, the risk was substantially higher in people from Bangladeshi and Pakistani background in both the first and the second waves. Between the first and second waves of the pandemic, the reduction in the difference in COVID-19 mortality between people from Black ethnic background and people from the White British group shows that ethnic inequalities in COVID-19 mortality can be addressed. The continued higher rate of mortality in people from Bangladeshi and Pakistani background is alarming and requires focused public health campaign and policy changes.

Role of neutrophil-lymphocyte-ratio in the mortality of males diagnosed with COVID-19

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tahir Belice ◽  
Ismail Demir ◽  
Arif Yüksel
Keyword(s):  
Geriatric Patients ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Electronic Documents ◽  
Neutrophil Lymphocyte Ratio ◽  
Lymphocyte Ratio ◽  
First Time ◽  
Older Males

Background and Objectives: With this study, for the first time among patients diagnosed with COVID-19, the neutro- phil-lymphocyte-ratios of  men and women were compared. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted with 80 patients and the data was gained retrospectively on the electronic documents of the hospital. Results: The neutrophil-lymphocyte-ratio was statistically significant and higher in the male than the women for all ages and geriatric patients (p<0.05). Conclusion: The higher neutrophil-lymphocyte-ratio in older males diagnosed with COVID-19 could be a causative reason for the higher mortality rates in men. We hope that these findings would be helpful for further studies.

scholarly journals Assessment of Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) by EQ-5D in Prediabetes, Diabetes and Normal Glycaemic Population in China

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nan Yang ◽  
Enwu Long ◽  
Shuang Feng ◽  
Jie Chen ◽  
Lizheng Shi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
Circulatory System ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Health Related Quality ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Health Related ◽  
And Gender

Abstract Aim of the study was to describe and compare differences of health-related quality of life (HRQoL) among populations of normal glycaemic, pre-diabetics and diabetics in China.Methods A quality of life survey based on the EQ-5D-5L scale was conducted through face-to-face interviews and telephone follow-up. A total of 403 respondents with diabetes, 404 respondents with pre-diabetes, and 398 respondents with normal blood glucose were enrolled in the survey. Differences among groups were compared by chi-square test one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), Kruskal-Wallis test or student's test after adjusting parameters of age and gender by PSM and Covariance analysis.Results In this survey, most of the diabetics were associated with circulatory system or nutritional metabolic diseases. The EQ-5D index of normal glycaemic population, pre-diabetic, and diabetic patients was 0.901, 0.948, and 0.897. And EQ-VAS scores of every groups above were 73.76, 77.45, and 68.34. HRQoL of male was higher than female in three groups of the study. In general, blood sugar control of Chinese diabetics was generally well. Results of covariance analysis and PSM were consistent with above results.Conclusion There was a general trend that patients was associated with a decline of HRQoL from pre-diabetic population, normal glycaemic population to diabetics. However, further and larger longitudinal studies are needed to confirm these findings.

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