scholarly journals COMPLEX CONCEPT WORD / LANGUAGE / SPEECH AS A FRAGMENT OF THE NAIVE PICTURE OF THE WORLD (based on explanatory and phraseological dictionaries of the English language)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
V.M. Smaglii
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Group ◽  
English Language ◽  
Peripheral Zone ◽  
Speech Communication ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Complex Word ◽  
Complex Concept ◽  
The World ◽  
English Speaking

The article is dedicated to the study of the complex concept WORD / LANGUAGE / SPEECH in the naïve picture of the world within a framework of a new scientific direction – dual linguistics: scientific and naive interpretation of language in the English lexicography. The complex concept WORD / LANGUAGE / SPEECH, which is verbalized by nominative units extracted from English general lexicographic sources, is considered. The nuclear zone of the naïve picture of the world counts three lexemes (which together contain 42 sememes), among which 161 semes have been filtered by means of seme analysis method. The most common semanteme, present in all nuclear lexemes, is the idea of the bilateral nature of any communicative unit. All of the nuclear zone lexemes in the primary dictionary position contain the seme, which emphasizes the unity of content and form of the phenomena under consideration. The medial zone of the nominative field of the verbalized WORD / LANGUAGE / SPEECH complex concept is many times bigger and more variable in comparison with the nuclear zone. It includes more than 700 lexical units with semantic components language, speech, communication. According to the thematic principle, the collected material was divided into 6 sectors: communication; units of language, speech; discourse, text; phonetical, grammatical and stylistic phenomena; language / dialect / slang, speaker; linguistics. Our analysis showed, that the peripheral zone of the nominative field of the complex WORD / LANGUAGE / SPEECH concept in the naive picture of the world is verbalized by phraseological units of the English language: idioms, paremias and proverbs (a total of more than 800 dictionary articles). They highlight different ethical and linguocultural stereotypes of the English-speaking ethnic group.

DEVELOPMENT OF ENGLISH LANGUAGE IN THE HISTORICAL DISCUSSION AND FORMATION OF GROUPS OF ENGLISH COUNTRIES

2018 ◽  
pp. 15-18
Author(s):  
Iryna Zvarych
Keyword(s):  
Language Development ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
English Language ◽  
Important Place ◽  
Language History ◽  
Language Of Science ◽  
The World ◽  
Modern Business ◽  
English Speaking ◽  
The Right

The languages history development is a continuous, long and creative process, without sharp jumps or rapid transformations. Usually, a long period of the language development is divided into short parts of history periods, because in the study process of any language history, it is impossible to do without a such division. The periodization, which is offered by linguists, may seem artificial. And it’s quite obvious, because every period of language history development has its special qualitative features, usually the structure, which gives the right to explore a certain period of its historical development. Nowadays, the English language is taught in many countries of the world, as at the secondary school and also at Higher Learning Institutions, it has a priority in modern business relations. English is the international language today, it’s the most widespread in the world, it’s the native language for more than 400 million people and it’s the second language for 300 million. English is the language of commerce and business. English has a very important place as the language of diplomacy, trade and business in many countries. It’s the language of science and technology. Today all instructions and applications for new gadgets are written in English. Scientific reports, articles, reports are published in English. Moreover 90% of Internet resources are English-speaking. The vast majority of information in all spheres – science, sports, news, entertainment - is published in English. It’s the language of youth culture. There are a lot of American actors, actresses, musicians are still very popular today. The English language has one of the richest vocabulary stocks in the world with simple grammar. The words themselves are drawn to each other, forming concise and understandable sentences. This article deals with the patterns of the English language development in the historical and socio-cultural context, the improved approach to groups formation of the English-speaking countries.

scholarly journals LEXICAL MEANS OF VERBALIZATION OF THE ENGLISH CONCEPT HAIR

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.M. Mikava
Keyword(s):  
Social Group ◽  
English Language ◽  
Body Hair ◽  
Facial Hair ◽  
The Core ◽  
The World ◽  
English Speaking ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Somatic Feature ◽  
The Given

The article is devoted to the consideration of the features of the verbalization of the concept HAIR in the English language. The purpose of the work is to examine the structure of the English concept HAIR as a fragment of the English-language picture of the world of the English-speaking society. The main attention is focused on the analysis of the language embodiment of the given concept in the naïve and professional varients of the picture of the world. The English concept HAIR is a fragment of the conceptual picture of the world, which is reflected in the language picture of the world, namely in its three fragments, verbalized by the constituents of the lexical-semantic groups, distinguished according to the somatic feature. They are head hair, facial hair, body hair. The analysis of the language and speech material showed that the structure of the English concept HAIR in the naive picture of the world is a three-component formation, which consists of a core, a nuclear zone and a periphery. The core includes such conceptual features as somatic and gender. The nuclear zone includes objective and various associative conceptual features, namely: age, thinness, protection, beauty, strength / success, value. The periphery of the concept consists of socially-identifying functions - professional, religious and social-group. The core of the concept HAIR in the professional picture of the world includes such conceptual features as somatic, gender, structure and development. The nuclear zone includes objective conceptual features, namely: health, age, protection. The periphery of the concept consists of professional, religious, and social-group social-identifying functions. Thus the periphery of the given concept in the two variants of the picture of the world is identical. The prospects for further research are seen in the consideration of the mentioned aspects of verbalization on the material of English artistic speech as well as professional discourse.

scholarly journals STRESSING, PRONUNCIATION, AND SPEAKING EXERCISES IN “PATHWAY TO ENGLISH” TEXTBOOK

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-50
Author(s):  
Harsya Danang Pradana
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
High Schools ◽  
English Language ◽  
English Teachers ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Reading And Writing ◽  
Content Analysis Method ◽  
English Speaking ◽  
Speaking Skills

Abstract: The aim of this research is to investigate how the “Pathway to English” textbook facilitates students’ learning of speaking, specifically in pronunciation and stressing of words. Learning the English language involves four skills: speaking, listening, reading, and writing. As such, textbooks need to be equipped to facilitate the teaching of these skills. However, globalization and the change in what types of English is accepted in broader world contexts may make the textbook obsolete. To see if the textbooks used in Indonesian High Schools are adequate enough to facilitate the teaching of stressing, pronunciation, and speaking, the researcher studied the “Pathway to English” textbook using a content analysis method to see if it has the necessary contents to facilitate the learning of stressing, pronunciation, and speaking. The results of this study shows that the textbook is inadequate to facilitate the learning of pronunciation and stressing, but it is equipped to facilitate the teaching of general English speaking skills. This means that English teachers in High Schools of Indonesia are expected to use supporting media to teach pronunciation and stressing when using the textbook.Keywords: Pathway to English; textbook; speaking; stressing; pronunciation

Frequency of Biblcal and Koranic Expressions Related to the Love Concept in the Modern English Language Internet

2021 ◽  
pp. 52-61
Author(s):  
T. Poletaeva
Keyword(s):  
Research Method ◽  
English Language ◽  
Applied Linguistics ◽  
Religious Studies ◽  
Western World ◽  
A Value ◽  
Culture Influence ◽  
The World ◽  
English Speaking ◽  
The Subject

The subject of the research is a comparative analysis of the frequency of biblical and Quranic expressions related to the LOVE concept in the modern English-language Internet. The aim of the investigation firstly is to find out to what extent the religious foundations of culture influence on such a value dominant as the concept of LOVE, secondly, to find out the influence of secularization of the English-speaking society and spreading of Islam in the Western world on the conceptual dimension of the LOVE concept. As a research method it is used a search of biblical and Quranic expressions associated with the LOVE concept in the modern English-language Internet in the form of quotations from the Holy Scriptures and the Quran. An application area of the results of the investigation is situated at the turn of applied linguistics in the sphere of culture and comparative religious studies. The comparison of the indicated frequency and meanings of the LOVE concept in biblical and Quranic expressions allows to conclude that this concept in the linguistic picture of the world of our English speaking contemporaries remains Christian in its essence. Islam does not influence at all on the understanding of this life-setting value concept in the English-language picture of the world.

scholarly journals Gender Markers in the English Picture of the World

wisdom ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 100-113
Author(s):  
Iryna HUMENIUK
Keyword(s):  
Gender Stereotypes ◽  
English Language ◽  
Social Activity ◽  
Background Knowledge ◽  
Current Paper ◽  
Double Standards ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Cultural Community ◽  
The World ◽  
English Speaking

Gender is determined as an ideological frame that assembles the idea of what it means to be a man or a woman in a certain culture, a non-linguistic category with linguistic ways of actualization. The article substantiates the key theoretical problems concerning gender-marking based on English phraseology and their influence on the formation of the gender picture of the world. The objective of the current paper is to analyze gender-marked phraseological units of the English language, which are the basic matrices of the phraseological picture of the world of a given cultural community, and to identify the frequency and impact of gender stereotypes on the development of the national picture of the English-speaking community, such as word, phraseology, paremia, text, which contain background knowledge and ways to reflect these meanings in the national picture of the world. The paper’s main conclusion is that the semantic basis of gender markers on the material of English phraseological units predominantly consists of stereotypical-associative units, which are perceived as social activity and characteristics of the images of both sexes with certain asymmetry for male denotata. The connotations of words can illustrate this inequality and the double standards between men and women.

scholarly journals On Some Forms of “Out-Group” Intolerance and “Unlimited” Tolerance in Linguoculture

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (1 (19)) ◽  
pp. 130-140
Author(s):  
Narine Harutyunyan
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Group ◽  
English Language ◽  
The Other ◽  
Local People ◽  
Value System ◽  
Cultural Traditions ◽  
National Community ◽  
English Speaking ◽  
The Subject ◽  
As If

The subject of the research is ethnic intolerance as a form of relationship between “we” and “other”, manifested in various modifications of the hostility towards others. There are several main types of ethno-intolerant relations: ethnocentrism; xenophobia, migrant phobia, etc. The author’s definitions of such concepts as “intercultural whirlpool”, “ethnocentric craters” and “xenophobic craters”, “emotional turbulence of communication” are presented. The negative, discreditable signs of ethnicity of a particular national community are represented in the lexical units of English in such a way as if the “other” ethnic group has the shortcomings that are not in the “we” group. The problem of “unlimited” tolerance is considered when “strangers” – immigrants, seek to impose “their own” religious and cultural traditions, worldview and psychological dominant on local people. The article deals with the problems of intolerance and “unlimited” tolerance not only as complex socio-psychological, but also as linguocultural phenomena that are actualized in the linguistic consciousness of the ethnic group (English-speaking groups, in particular). The article also deals with the problem of “aggressive” expansion of the English language, which destroys the nation’s value system, distorts its language habits and perception of the surrounding reality, and creates discriminatory dominance of a certain linguoculture.

scholarly journals An Exploration of Iranian EFL Teachers’ Perceptions on the Globalization and Hegemony of English

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Parvin Safari ◽  
Seyyed Ayatollah Razmjoo
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
Comparative Method ◽  
Cultural Imperialism ◽  
The West ◽  
Teachers Perceptions ◽  
Constant Comparative Method ◽  
Efl Teachers ◽  
The World ◽  
Global Spread ◽  
English Speaking

Globalization as an increasingly influencing force has led English language to become the lingua franca of the world. However, the global spread of English is considered as linguistic and cultural imperialism of English speaking countries to exert their dominance, power, culture, ideology and language over the periphery countries. The devastating consequence of this hegemony, according to Canagarajah (2005) can be putting learners in danger of losing their languages, cultures, and identities, giving rise to the devaluation of their local knowledge and cultures. Here, the researchers administ interview to explore thirty-seven experienced Iranian EFL teachers’ (18males/19females) perceptions on English globalization and its hegemony, who were selected based on purposive sampling. The researchers’ adoption of Strauss and Corbin’s (1998) constant comparative method revealed that although Iranian English teachers admitted globalization as an inevitable reality and English language as a tool in the service of globalization to smooth communication among people, they took up a counter-hegemonic stance and resistance towards the values associated with its use. They also suggested some anti-hegemonic strategies to de-colonize the power, culture, values, and ideologies of the West which tries to marginalize other countries and people.

scholarly journals Models of Artistic-Figurative Metaphors of Wisdom in English Fairy Tales

2019 ◽  
pp. 87-94
Author(s):  
N. D. Kishchenko
Keyword(s):  
Fairy Tales ◽  
Fairy Tale ◽  
English Language ◽  
Conceptual Metaphor ◽  
Semantic Approach ◽  
Conceptual Metaphors ◽  
The World ◽  
Cognitive Semantic ◽  
English Speaking ◽  
The One

The article uses a cognitive-semantic approach to the study of metaphor, through which prisms all abstract phenomenon is considered as an image sensory knowledge and perception of the world, existing in the experience of the speaker. An attempt has been made, on the one hand, to differentiate language, artistic and folk-poetic metaphors, on the other hand, to consider them as components of a conceptual metaphor, which includes artistic figurative metaphors of Wisdom. The correlation between the metaphorical concept and the conceptual metaphor, which forms the two main layers: figurative and value, is specified. The spheres-sources of conceptual art-figurative metaphors of Wisdom in the discourse of English-language fairy tales, revealing schemes of rethinking of the phenomena of the world and the mechanisms of metaphorisation are revealed.It has been established that metaphorically, wisdom has the size, it can vary, grow and develop, is a certain thing that a person has, has quantitative parameters inherent in animals, inherent in non-existence in general, is love, a receptacle for storing information, is differentiated on the basis of youth and old age, is a description of the environment, some surface, has a voice, is the key to understanding and identifying meaning, and so on. It is proved that in the discourse of the English-speaking fairy tale, Wisdom appears as the actual concept, formed on the basis of conceptual metaphors. Conceptual metaphors that form the concept of wisdom are represented by five major productive metaphorical models with their submodels: WISDOM is a LIGHT; WISDOM is a MIRROR; WISDOM is the FIRE; WISDOM is an OBJECT; WISDOM is HUMAN.

scholarly journals OLGA GRUSHIN`S LANGUAGE: A GLOBAL PERSPECTIVE ON LOCAL CULTURE

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 172-175
Author(s):  
E.S. Lebedeva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
Global Perspective ◽  
Local Culture ◽  
Russian Culture ◽  
Native Culture ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The World ◽  
English Speaking ◽  
Global Language ◽  
Language Text

The writings of the Russian English-speaking author Olga Grushin have long been studied by Russian and international linguists and literary scholars, and revealed the way the Russian translingual writer builds her English-language text, what techniques she uses to convey features of her native culture. Olga Grushin positions herself as a Russian author, which is confirmed by the analysis of her writings. The present paper expands the material of the research and focuses on the analysis of the Twitter posts made by Olga Grushin. As Grushin's local culture is transmitted to the world through the global language - English, a wide range of readers for whom Russian culture is not native have access to her texts. This study also looks at how Grushin's Russian culture is perceived by English-speaking readers with different cultural background through their reviews of her novels in the Instagram.

scholarly journals Growing East Asian words in English

English Today ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 17-34
Author(s):  
Zixi You ◽  
Jieun Kiaer ◽  
Hyejeong Ahn
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Group ◽  
English Language ◽  
East Asian ◽  
Foreign Born ◽  
Asian Origin ◽  
Demographic Situation ◽  
National Statistics ◽  
English Speaking ◽  
English Speaking World ◽  
The Uk

With the change of linguistic, cultural and ethnic landscapes, multilingual, multicultural and multi-ethnic realities are increasing globally. In the case of the UK, the 2011 Census showed that the Asian or Asian British ethnic group category had one of the largest increases since 2001, with a third of the foreign-born population of the UK (2.4 million) now identifying as Asian British (Office for National Statistics, 2013). It is not surprising then, given the aforementioned demographic situation, to see many Asian-origin words in the English language. East Asian words are now entering into the English lexicon with unprecedented speed as a consequence of increased contact between East Asia and the English-speaking world.

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