Prospective Analysis of Etiologies of Nose Defects in a Tertiary Care Referral Centre

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Girish Sharma ◽  
Mohd. Fahud Khurram ◽  
Imran Ahmad ◽  
Tushar B Patil ◽  
Kunal Mokhale ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Referral Centre ◽  
Common Causes ◽  
History Of ◽  
Pediatric Populations ◽  
Animal Bites ◽  
Nasal Defects

The purpose of the study was to analyze the various causes of nasal defects seen in practice by plastic surgeons in the Department of Plastic Surgery, in a tertiary care North Indian Hospital. The study included all patients of any age and sex presenting to the outpatient department or emergency department with nose defects. The patients were enquired about the cause and history of their nasal defects. The most common etiologies of nasal defects seen were skin tumors of the nose, the most common one being the basal cell carcinoma (BCC) followed by squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), and congenital naevus. Both the malignancies BCC and SCC were seen in older age. While BCC was significantly more common in males, a specific gender preference could not be concluded in SCC. Trauma was the next most common cause and included road traffic accidents, assaults, and animal bites. These were more commonly seen in the youth and less commonly in geriatric or pediatric populations. Other less common causes of nasal defects included postburn lesions.

scholarly journals OUTCOME OF CEREBRAL CONTUSIONS DUE TO TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-43
Author(s):  
Zubair Ahmed Khan ◽  
Habib sultan ◽  
Amir Aziz ◽  
Shahrukh Rizvi ◽  
Tauqeer Ahmed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Hospital Stay ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Road Traffic Accidents ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Duration Of Hospital Stay ◽  
History Of ◽  
Age Range

ABSTRACT:BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE: To compare the results of surgically operated vs conservatively treated patients of cerebral contusions due to traumatic brain injury. METHODOLOGY: This comparative study was conducted from January 2012 to December 2014 at the department of Neurosurgery, PGMI Lahore General Hospital, Lahore. A total of 50 patients were included in this study of both gender (male and female) and in the age range of 15-65 years. In our study 20 patients were managed conservatively while other 30 patients were operated for cerebral contusions. The mode of injury in our study was road traffic accidents and history of falls. RESULTS: Out of 50 patients, there were 41 (82%) males and 09 (18%) female patients. Their age ranged from 15 - 65 years. In this study the overall mean age is 38.36 years. The maximum numbers of patients were in their third and fourth decades of life. In our study the duration of hospital stay in conservatively managed patients was longer as compared to surgically treated patients who were discharged earlier. Mortality rate in surgically managed patients having a GCS ranged between 09 to 12 was very low contrary to the conservatively managed group, similarly the rate of delayed contusion formation and edema was also low in surgically managed patients as compared to those who were managed conservatively. CONCLUSION: Surgically managed patients of cerebral contusions in traumatic brain injury has better outcome and decreased hospital stay as compared to conservatively managed patients.

scholarly journals Epidemiology of Fatal Injuries reported in the mortuary of a tertiary care hospital

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 633
Author(s):  
Subrat Kumar Pradhan ◽  
Himansu Prasad Acharya ◽  
Rudra Prasanna Mishra ◽  
Jay Kumar Panda ◽  
Durga Madhab Satapathy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Microsoft Excel ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Fatal Injuries

Background: Injuries are an increasingly recognized global, preventable public health problem and are an important cause of mortality and morbidity in adult population. The major causes of injury related deaths may be intentional and unintentional. The major unintentional or “accidental” causes are road traffic accidents (RTAs), falls and drowning whereas the leading intentional causes are suicide and homicide. A robust Surveillance System for Injury Mortality is almost non-existent in our country due to which the data for the same is not available and haphazard. Keeping these factors in mind, the following study was under taken to identify the various epidemiological factors related to fatal injury cases.Methods: A record based retrospective study was conducted in the Department of Community Medicine, VSSIMAR, Burla, Odisha. The data were collected from the autopsy reports preserved at the Dept of FM & T, VSSIMSAR. Variables like age, sex, number of injury cause of death, place of death etc. were collected. Data were entered in Microsoft Excel and analysed using proportions and percentages.Results: The age group 25-44 years recorded the maximum number of deaths (37.49%). Males suffered the highest casualty accounting for 61.85% of deaths. Unintentional fatal injuries constituted 63.58% of deaths. The most number of fatal injuries resulting in deaths were RTAs (36.41%).Conclusions: The age group 25-44 years recorded maximum deaths. Males were the major death victims. RTAs constituted maximum of deaths among unintentional fatal injuries. Homicidal injuries constituted maximum of deaths due to intentional fatal injuries.

scholarly journals Visual Function of Drivers and its Relation to the Occurrence of Road Traffic Accidents in Saudi Arabia

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (B) ◽  
pp. 1016-1020
Author(s):  
Sulaiman Aldakhil ◽  
Godwin Ovenseri-Ogbomo ◽  
Majid Moafa ◽  
Waleed Alghamdi ◽  
Muhammed Alluwimi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Binocular Vision ◽  
Visual Function ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Health Examination ◽  
Road Traffic Accidents ◽  
Good Visual Acuity ◽  
History Of ◽  
Eye Examination

BACKGROUND: The mortality rate due to road traffic accidents (RTA) is significantly high in Saudi Arabia (SA) compared to other countries. The visual function which includes good visual acuity (VA) and binocular vision are very important factors that can contribute to the incidence of RTA. AIM: The aim of this study is to investigate the association between refractive errors (REs) and the RTA in SA. METHODS: A total of 354 participants (mean age 22.67 ± 3.22 years) were recruited randomly to participate in this study from the population of Qassim district. Data collected using the questionnaire included participants’ age, sex, and education level, ocular and medical history, driving history as well as history of RTA. Ocular health examination including VA, RE measurements, and binocular vision function vision was measured and analyzed. RESULTS: The results of this study show that 48.3% of drivers had some form of REs with 3.4% being visually impaired. 217 (61.3%) of participants have had an RTA, and 119 (54.9%) of them have had more than two accidents in the past two years. The findings show no significant association between the occurrence of RTA and uncorrected REs or binocular vision dysfunction. CONCLUSION: Our data showed significantly higher rate of RTA among Saudi drivers which is much higher than any country in the world. The current Saudi regulations for obtaining driving license need to be modified, with implementing a comprehensive eye examination prior to acquiring or renewing drivers’ licenses.

scholarly journals Epistaxis: etiological profile and treatment outcome in a teaching hospital in South India

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 878
Author(s):  
Basheer N. K. ◽  
Jaya C. ◽  
Sabir V. T.
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Surgical Intervention ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Minor Bleeding ◽  
Older Individuals ◽  
Bleeding Point ◽  
Common Causes ◽  
Nasal Bleed

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> <span lang="EN-IN">Epistaxis is the most common otorhinolaryngological emergency worldwide. Minor bleeding episodes occur more frequently in children and adolescents, whereas severe bleed requiring otolaryngologic intervention often occur in older individuals. Treatment options can be conservative or surgical, the selection of which should be made considering the parameters: efficiency, complications, and cost-benefit. </span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> <span lang="EN-IN">This was a prospective study done in 131 patients with epistaxis, in the Department of ENT, Government Medical College, Trivandrum, with the aim to determine the etiology and the outcome of the conservative and surgical management.  </span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> <span lang="EN-IN">The most common causes of epistaxis were trauma and hypertension. The age incidence increased after forty years and majority had unilateral, anterior nasal, mild-moderate bleed. 79% of the cases were managed by conservative measures as opposed to only 21% who required surgical intervention. Success rate of anterior nasal pack and cauterisation of bleeding point was nearly 84%. </span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> <span lang="EN-IN">Majority of cases of epistaxis can be successfully managed by conservative measures and surgical intervention may not be necessary in most cases. Cauterization of bleeding point is the best conservative method which can be offered to the patient though anterior nasal packing still remains the most preferred method to control the bleed. The most common causes of epistaxis being trauma and hypertension, reducing road traffic accidents and lifestyle illness can reduce the incidence of nasal bleed.</span></p>

scholarly journals Epidemiologic Characteristics of Patients Presenting with Head Injury due to Road Traffic Accident and Factors Associated with Outcome: Experience of a Tertiary Care Center in Northern Kerala

2019 ◽  
Vol 08 (01) ◽  
pp. 039-046
Author(s):  
Mandaka Rajeev ◽  
Vattaparambil Shinihas ◽  
Pankaj Chauhan
Keyword(s):  
Road Traffic Accident ◽  
Traffic Accident ◽  
Alcohol Intake ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Care Center ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Health Resources ◽  
Medical College ◽  
History Of ◽  
Limited Health

Abstract Background In India, most factors related to road traffic accident (RTA) causation and outcome go improperly documented, and database regarding RTA-related traumatic brain injury (TBI) seems inadequate. Two-wheeler drivers form the largest segment of people affected by RTA. The socioeconomic and neurologic burden, imposed by TBI due to RTAs (largely preventable), is overwhelmingly significant, especially for a developing country like India. Materials and Methods Descriptive study involving patients, presenting to the casualty of Government Medical College, Kozhikode, Kerala, was performed, and various demographic features were analyzed. Usage of helmet and history of alcohol intake were also noted. Patients were evaluated according to their presenting Glasgow coma scale (GCS), investigated and either operated or managed conservatively, and their outcome was assessed with Glasgow outcome score (GOS) at 3 months. Results Bike drivers formed the single largest proportion of RTA victims (53.7%). Proportion of helmet users was 17.9%, whereas 21.9% were found with history of alcohol intake. There was a consistent trend toward a favorable outcome in patients with no alcohol intake (17.08% deaths compared with 34.07% patients with alcohol intake) and with helmet usage (14.55% compared with 22.18% in patients without helmet). However, the absolute contribution of these factors cannot be inferred. Conclusion Various factors related to RTA need evaluation for pooling and compilation of data at regional and national levels. Mandatory helmet laws and strict implementation and provision of subsidized helmets (standard, full coverage) will go a long way in reducing the burden on limited health resources.

scholarly journals Analysis of forensic autopsies in year 2018 at forensic medicine department, Faisalabad Medical University, Faisalabad.

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (10) ◽  
pp. 2199-2202
Author(s):  
Muhammad Qasim ◽  
Muhammad Sharjeel Khalid ◽  
Muhammad Danyal Amjad ◽  
Mobin Inam Pal
Keyword(s):  
Forensic Medicine ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Teaching Hospitals ◽  
Preventive Strategy ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Gender Based ◽  
Medical University

Objectives: The study was aimed to audit autopsies in the year 2018 and promoting statistical approach in Forensic Medicine. Also to study the gender based distribution of cases and study shifting trends in weapon of offence. Study Design: Retrospective Study. Setting: Post Mortem Unit of the Department of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology, Faisalabad Medical University, Faisalabad. Period: From 1st January, 2018 to 31st December, 2018. Material & Methods: Autopsy was performed on 248 cases reported to Post Mortem Unit. Study Material was collected from the Post Mortem Unit of Allied Hospital and DHQ Hospital Faisalabad which are referral tertiary care teaching hospitals affiliated with Faisalabad Medical University, Faisalabad. Results: Out of a total 248 autopsies conducted 178 (71.77%) were males and 70 (28.23%) were females. The male to female ratio was 2.54:1. Most used weapon of offence was Firearm. Followed by firearm the second major cause of death was road traffic accidents which were followed by Asphyxia (12.9% of total autopsies). Conclusion: Ban on illegal possession of Firearms - educational lectures to Public and steps to raise the literacy rate along with the improvement of socioeconomic status of the society. Preventive-strategy to create an awareness of safe traveling practices especially among the groups at high risk.

scholarly journals Comparison of road traffic accidents presenting to the emergency department of a teaching hospital before and during lockdown

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 4297
Author(s):  
Siddharth Rao P. S. ◽  
Sumayya Nazneen Sayyada ◽  
Souri Reddy Pyreddy
Keyword(s):  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Mass Casualties ◽  
Road Traffic Accidents ◽  
Patient Demographics ◽  
Disproportionate Number ◽  
Type Of Injury ◽  
The Impact

Background: Road traffic accidents (RTAs) are a major cause of misery, disability and death globally, with a disproportionate number occurring in developing countries. With COVID-19 reaching pandemic proportion, a nationwide lockdown was announced on 24 March 2020 which resulted in the complete closure vehicular movement. This study aimed to assess the impact of lockdown on the number of RTAs brought to our rural tertiary care teaching hospital situated on National highway number 65.Methods: Medico-legal records were reviewed retrospectively at Kamineni institute of medical sciences hospital. The cases were classified into two groups. The pre-lockdown group included cases reporting to casualty from 1 April 2019 to 31 July 2019. The lockdown group included cases reporting to casualty from 1 April 2020 to 31 July 2020. Patient demographics, type of injury, time of injury, mode of injury were collected for all cases and analysed using simple mathematical tools.Results: There was a significant decrease in the total number of RTAs during lockdown phases 1 and 2 and during unlocking phases 1 and 2 by 52.1%. Bike skid was the most common mode of injury. The highest number of RTAs was observed between 6 am to 6 pm and the most commonly affected gender was male especially in the age group of 15-45 years.Conclusions: RTA numbers can be reduced by strict implementation of traffic rules and better road infrastructure. One positive effect of the measures implemented to control the spread of COVID-19 was the reduction of traffic accidents and mass casualties.

scholarly journals Incidence of Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo in Head Injury Patients

2021 ◽  
pp. 188-194
Author(s):  
Celastina Synthia ◽  
. Rameshwar
Keyword(s):  
Head Injury ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Posterior Canal ◽  
Positional Vertigo ◽  
Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo

Background: Traumatic brain injury is a common secondary cause of  Benign Paroxysmal  Positional Vertigo(BPPV). Objective: To determine the incidence and clinical profile of patients with BPPV in mild and moderate head injury. Materials and Methods: A prospective observational study done in patients admitted with  mild and moderate head injury who developed BPPV from January 2020 to March 2020 in a tertiary care hospital of  South India. Demographic and clinical parameters were noted and were treated with canalith repositioning procedures. Results: Among 42 patients admitted with mild and moderate head injury, 9(21.4%) were diagnosed with BPPV in the follow up. The male female ratio was 2.5:1. The mean age was 44 ±21.4years.Two wheeler accidents contributed to nearly half of (55.6%) traumatic BPPV. Posterior canal was commonly involved in 7(77.8%) followed by horizontal in 2 (22.2%).The type of head injury was mild in 7 (77.8%) and moderate in 2 (22.2%) in traumatic BPPV patients. 5 (55.6%) patients with BPPV had abnormal findings in neuroimaging. 4 (44.4%) patients developed recurrent BPPV in our cohort. Conclusion: The incidence of traumatic BPPV was 21.4% in our study. Road traffic accidents due to two wheeler accidents were the common mode of head trauma. Posterior canal was commonly involved in three fourth of cases. Recurrence of vertigo was documented in 4 (44.4%).

scholarly journals A descriptive study of cranio-cerebral injuries admitted in tertiary care center of coastal Andhra Pradesh

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 384-390
Author(s):  
R. Sivakumar ◽  
B.V. Subrahmanyam ◽  
S.V. Phanindra ◽  
Ashok Munivenkatappa ◽  
S. Satish Kumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Care Center ◽  
Skull Fracture ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Clinical Aspects ◽  
Retrospective Data ◽  
Cerebral Contusion ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
One Year

Abstract Introduction: Demographic and clinical profile of traumatic brain injury (TBI) of a particular place is very crucial for strengthening the guidelines. The details of same are scant from a tertiary institute, Nellore district. The present study aims to explore the demographic, injury and clinical aspects of cerebro-cranial injury patients from an institute setup. Methods: The study consists of two years retrospective data and one year prospective data. The study was approved by institute ethical committee. The patient data was entered on pre designed proforma that includes the desired variables. The data analysis was done using StatsDirect software. Both prospective and retrospective data was merged for analysis. Percentages for categorical data and mean values for continuous data were calculated. Results: There were total of 336 patients. Patients in age group of 21 to 50 years constituted 67% and males were four times higher than females. Nearly one fourth of patients were influenced by alcohol. Three fourth of accidents were due to road traffic accidents (RTAs) followed by falls (17%) and assault (6%). About one tenth of patients were pedestrians. One fourth of patients had associated injuries other than head and brain. On CT findings majority of patients had cerebral contusion (46%) followed by skull fracture (40%), SDH (28%) and EDH (23%). Twenty two patients died in the study period. Conclusion: Knowledge of injury and its later consequences to public is very important. Strict rules to consider safety precautions and compulsory family insurances should be encouraged. Rules to prevent paediatric drive.

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