Repositioning Nigeria: Application of Marketing Communication Tools by Political Parties in Campaign Programs

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (9) ◽  
pp. 20-28
Author(s):  
Glory Basil ◽  
Agnes E. Bassey
Keyword(s):  
Political Parties ◽  
Public Relations ◽  
Survey Research ◽  
Word Of Mouth ◽  
Marketing Communication ◽  
Political Campaign ◽  
Communication Tools ◽  
Cross River ◽  
Cross River State ◽  
Level Of Significance

The study examined application of marketing communication tools by political parties in campaign programs in Cross River State in repositioning Nigeria. Campaign programs have been marred with the use of thugs for rallies, attacks, programs and ideologies between opposing political parties. In order to curb these problems, the study examines the effect of advertising, word-of-mouth marketing, and public relations in campaign programs. Survey research design was adopted, in which questionnaire were administered to 200 respondents in four local government Area in Cross River State. Three hypotheses were formulated and tested at 0.05 level of significance. The results show that marketing communication tools enhance political campaign programs. It was, therefore, recommended that political parties should employ the use of intense advertising without intemperate words to achieve campaign objectives peacefully.

scholarly journals Contributions of Tourism to Community Development

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 121
Author(s):  
Mbagwu, Felicia. O ◽  
Bessong, Columbus. Deku ◽  
Anozie, Okechukwu. O
Keyword(s):  
Community Development ◽  
Group Discussion ◽  
Test Statistics ◽  
Cross River ◽  
Cross River State ◽  
High Extent ◽  
Banking Institutions ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Level Of Significance ◽  
Descriptive Survey

This study focused on contributions of tourism to community development in Cross River State, Nigeria. Two research questions and two null hypotheses guided the study. The study adopted descriptive survey research design. The population used for the study was 357 respondents comprising, 101 community leaders and 256 tourism staff. A 21-item questionnaire and focus group discussion guide were used to elicit information from respondents and discussants. The questionnaire was analyzed using mean and standard deviation, t-test statistics was used to test the null hypotheses at 0.05 level of significance and the FGD was analyzed qualitatively. Findings from the study revealed among others, that tourism attracted banking institutions and communication industries; thus contributed to a high extent in economic development and very high extent in social development of Cross River State, Nigeria. Some recommendation was made based on the research findings.

Comparative Analysis of Marketing Communication Tools Adopted by Telecommunication Service Firms

2016 ◽  
pp. 76-95
Author(s):  
Kavaldeep Dixit ◽  
Neha Jain
Keyword(s):  
Public Relations ◽  
Personal Selling ◽  
Sales Promotion ◽  
Telecommunication Service ◽  
Service Firms ◽  
Marketing Communication ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Communication Tools ◽  
Strategic Issues ◽  
Cellular Telephony

The increase in number of players in cellular telephony has raised the expectation level of customers compelling firms to devise strategies to gain competitive edge. Thus, the main objective of this research is to comparatively study employees and customer's awareness regarding marketing communication tools adopted by Bharti Airtel and Idea Cellular in eastern Rajasthan. In the present study communication tools pertaining to advertising, sales-promotion, personal selling, direct marketing, events and public relations have been considered and analyzed. The present research will also attempt to explore the sources of information referred to by customers while opting for telecommunication services. The study will involve a sample of 250 existent customers and 25 employees for Bharti Airtel and Idea Cellular respectively and the methodology employed will be structured questionnaire for customers and employees separately with reference to eastern Rajasthan. By identifying the strategic issues that affect customer decisions the present research will contribute to the understanding of the influence of communication tools on customers. It would also enable marketing managers to identify impact of these dimensions and to concentrate firm's efforts on those factors which enhance customer awareness. It is an exploratory study.

scholarly journals National Poverty Eradication Programme and Poverty Reduction in Nigeria: Empirical Investigation of the Programme Impact in Cross River State

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 269 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnes Sylvester Antai ◽  
Anam, Bassey Ekpenyong
Keyword(s):  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Conditional Cash Transfer ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Poverty Eradication ◽  
Eradication Programme ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross River ◽  
Cross River State ◽  
Level Of Significance ◽  
The Impact

The study examines the impact of the National Poverty Eradication Programme on poverty reduction in Cross River State. To guide the study, two major hypotheses were stated and primary data were obtained from 361 respondents from the benefactors of the State government Conditional Cash Transfer. The data obtained were tested using Chi-square statistical tool at. 05 degree of significance to examine the level of impact. The analysis of data in reveals that the calculated value of chi square (18.1) was greater than the table value of chi (9.49), tested at. 05 level of significance. This implied that the implementation of NAPEP has a significant impact on entrepreneurial development among youths in Cross River State. In table 2, the results obtained also showed that the calculated value of chi square (15.1) is greater than the table value of chi (9.49), tested at .05 level of significance, meaning that the null hypothesis was ignored and the alternative that the implementation of NAPEP has significant impacts on the provision of micro credit facilities to entrepreneur in Cross River State was accepted. However, the results obtained called for attention to other areas of interest neglected by the programme. These were identified to include the need to harness agriculture, water and solid minerals resources and conservation efforts especially in the rural-areas where the main occupation is agriculture. This concern formed the baseline for policy recommendations.

scholarly journals Sleep Quality and Academic Performance of Upper Basic Education Students in Social Studies in Cross River State, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 43
Author(s):  
S. D. Edinyang ◽  
Veronica Nakanda Effiom ◽  
John Edwin Effiom ◽  
Doris Ushie ◽  
Amina Odugbo Adams
Keyword(s):  
Academic Performance ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Social Studies ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Survey Research ◽  
Basic Education ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Education Students ◽  
Cross River ◽  
Cross River State

This paper analyzed sleep quality and academic performance of Upper Basic Education (UBE) students in Social Studies. One research question and statement of hypothesis were formulated to guide the study. The literature review was done dependent on the variable under examination. The survey research design was used in the study. The outcome of the research uncovered that there is an impact of sleep quality on the academic performance of students in social studies.

scholarly journals Entrepreneurial skills and retention ability among students of faculty of education, University of Calabar, Cross River State, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-34
Author(s):  
Emmanuel Ubi Omini ◽  
Aniah Bernard Beshigim
Keyword(s):  
Survey Design ◽  
Book Publishing ◽  
Cross River ◽  
Cross River State ◽  
Youth Service ◽  
Entrepreneurial Skills ◽  
Faculty Of Education ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Level Of Significance ◽  
The Relationship

This study determined the relationship between entrepreneurial skills and retention ability among students of faculty of education, University of Calabar, Cross River States. Correlational survey design was adopted for the study. The population of the study comprised of UTME 2018/2019 academic session 200-400 level students and this was also used as sample. A validated research-made questionnaire with reliability range of 0.81-0.89 was used for data collection. The data collected were analysed using Pearson Product Moment Correlation at 0.05 level of significance. The result of the analysis showed that acquisition of indexing skills and book publishing skills significantly relate with retention ability. It was recommended among others that support grants from school management and government should be granted to graduates with passion and enthusiasm to set-up their own business ventures on indexing and book publishing upon  graduation either from their various institutions or after graduation from the National Youth Service Corps (NYSC).

scholarly journals The socio-economic importance of Calabar Carnival on the economic development of Cross River State

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 77-85
Author(s):  
Felicia Ebeyin Odere ◽  
◽  
Felix Ojong ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Youth Development ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Economic Importance ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Income Generation ◽  
Cross River ◽  
Cross River State ◽  
Infrastructural Development ◽  
Level Of Significance

The study investigates the socio-economic importance of the Calabar Carnival on the economic development of Cross River State, Nigeria. To establish the relationship between the festival and the development of Cross Rivers State, hypotheses were formulated based on the identified major independent variables namely: employment creation, income generation, and infrastructural development while the dependent variable is the Calabar Carnival Festival. Literatures related to the major variables of the study were reviewed. To generate data for hypotheses testing, questionnaire was used; survey research design was adopted for study while utilizing the convenience sampling technique to select the respondents (300) for study. The generated data were statistically tested at a 0.05 level of significance using Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient analysis. The analysis showed that the Calabar carnival has significant relationship with job creation, income generation, and infrastructural development in Cross River State. Based on the result of the findings, the study recommended the need for tourism industry be fortified with security and as well be privatized. Also, the study recommends that youth development should be a cardinal point in the carnival as a promotional strategy in other to accelerate the state's socio-economic development.

5. Promotions (marketing communications) and social media

2021 ◽  
pp. 63-79
Author(s):  
Kenneth Le Meunier-FitzHugh
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Public Relations ◽  
Direct Marketing ◽  
Personal Selling ◽  
Digital Marketing ◽  
Marketing Communication ◽  
Sales Promotions ◽  
Communication Tools ◽  
Brand Values ◽  
Potential Customers

This chapter explores promotions, which are made up of a range of marketing communication tools that are critical in supporting the organization’s offer and conveying their brand values. They are designed to reach, interest, and engage customers in conversations and to encourage them to purchase their products. Promotional tools include advertising, sales promotions, public relations, direct marketing (on- or offline), sponsorship, and personal selling. Today, communication activities are being totally reinvented by the growth of social media and digital marketing. Indeed, the development of different types of social media has created opportunities to develop digital marketing that has an immediacy of interaction and increased intimacy with potential customers.

scholarly journals Employing Descriptive and Parametric Statistics to Analyse Entrepreneurship Opportunity As A Catalyst For Youth Employment

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 68-75
Author(s):  
Thomas Achoda Omang
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Skill Acquisition ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Local Government Area ◽  
Youth Employment ◽  
Technological Advancement ◽  
Design Data ◽  
Cross River ◽  
Cross River State ◽  
Level Of Significance

The study examines how entrepreneurship opportunities have solved the problem of youth employment and underemployment in Calabar South Local Government Area, Cross River State, Nigeria. Adopting the survey research design, data was gathered from four hundred (400) youths from Calabar using cluster, purposive and simple random sampling techniques. The instrument of data collection is a structured questionnaire. The generated data were appropriately coded and analyzed using simple percentages and Multiple Regression Analysis at a 0.05 level of significance. Results show that an entrepreneurship opportunity significantly solves the problem of youth employment and underemployment in Calabar South Local Government Area, Cross River State, Nigeria.  The study recommended, among others, that: Skill acquisition program should be organized periodically where talks on entrepreneurship and practical participation will be carried out. Workshop on capacity building and skill acquisition will go a long way to ensure technological advancement and rapid growth/development of the society

scholarly journals Provision of Security Facilities and Security Personnel Service Delivery in Universities in Cross River State, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 125
Author(s):  
Comfort R. Etor ◽  
Eno Etudor-Eyo ◽  
Godfrey E. Ukpabio
Keyword(s):  
Service Delivery ◽  
Cross River ◽  
Cross River State ◽  
Security Service ◽  
Ex Post ◽  
Security Personnel ◽  
Ex Post Facto ◽  
Tear Gas ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
Level Of Significance

The study examined provision of security facilities and security personnel service delivery in Universities in Cross River State, Nigeria. Three research questions and one hypothesis guided the study. The ex-post facto design was adopted for the study. The population of the study comprised 440 security personnel while the sample size was 400 security personnel. Two researchers developed and validated instruments entitled “Provision of Facilities Questionnaire (POFQ) and Security Personnel Service Delivery Questionnaire (SPSDQ) were used for data collection. The reliability estimates of the instrument were determined using Cronbach Alpha Analysis and the coefficients of 0.80 and 0.83 were obtained. Descriptive statistics was used to answer the research questions while Pearson Product Moment Correlation was used to test the hypothesis at 0.05 level of significance. The finding of the study showed that there exist a disparity in the provision of security facilities in the institutions with the minimum provision of 11.10 and maximum of 26.00 facilities by State and Federal Universities respectively. The level of provision of security facilities in the two institutions studies indicated two levels of inadequate and moderate with a grand mean of 2.5135 and standard deviation of .92773. The level of security service delivery in the Universities in Cross River State depend on the level of availability of security facilities for use by security personnel is evident that there are three levels of security service delivery in Universities. The finding of the study also revealed that there is a significant relationship between provision of security facilities and security personnel service delivery. Based on the findings, it was recommended that the administrators should provide adequate security facilities such as hand guns, CCTV, tear gas, bullet proof vests and so on for effective security personnel service delivery.

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