scholarly journals Experimental hybridization to produce F1 from a cross between gogo-dryland and paddy-field rice cultivars subjected to different environmental conditions in Indonesia

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.L. Adiredjo ◽  
Damanhuri . ◽  
Respatijarti .
Keyword(s):  
Paddy Field ◽  
Rice Yield ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Brown Rice ◽  
T Test ◽  
Rice Cultivars ◽  
Experimental Hybridization ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Parental Lines ◽  
Staple Crop

Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is a staple crop in Indonesia. Despite its main importance for the Indonesia’s food supply, the production is influenced by several factors. One factors which influence rice yield is drought stress. The experiment was conducted in two fields namely Talok village and Jatimulyo village. The parental lines were gogo-dryland and paddy-field rice types. In Talok village, the success rate of hybridization ranged from 47% to 85% while in Jatimulyo village 16.33% to 38.67%. The result of student T-test for the width of brown rice in Talok village field showed a significant difference through Situ Bagendit x Ciherang and Situ Bagendit x Cibogo. While in Jatimulyo village field, student T-test for the length of brown rice showed very significant difference through Inpago x IR64 and Inpago x Ciherang. Besides, the width of brown rice showed very significant difference through Inpago x IR64 and Inpago x Ciherang.

scholarly journals A Combined Method of Image Processing and Artificial Neural Network for the Identification of 13 Iranian Rice Cultivars

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yousef Abbaspour-Gilandeh ◽  
Amir Molaee ◽  
Sajad Sabzi ◽  
Narjes Nabipur ◽  
Shahaboddin Shamshirband ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Image Processing ◽  
Brown Rice ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Rice Cultivar ◽  
Rice Cultivars ◽  
Texture Properties ◽  
Effective Components ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Artificial Neural

Due to the importance of identifying crop cultivars, the advancement of accurate assessment of cultivars is considered essential. The existing methods for identifying rice cultivars are mainly time-consuming, costly, and destructive. Therefore, the development of novel methods is highly beneficial. The aim of the present research is to classify common rice cultivars in Iran based on color, morphologic, and texture properties using artificial intelligence (AI) methods. In doing so, digital images of 13 rice cultivars in Iran in three forms of paddy, brown, and white are analyzed through pre-processing and segmentation of using MATLAB. Ninety-two specificities, including 60 color, 14 morphologic, and 18 texture properties, were identified for each rice cultivar. In the next step, the normal distribution of data was evaluated, and the possibility of observing a significant difference between all specificities of cultivars was studied using variance analysis. In addition, the least significant difference (LSD) test was performed to obtain a more accurate comparison between cultivars. To reduce data dimensions and focus on the most effective components, principal component analysis (PCA) was employed. Accordingly, the accuracy of rice cultivar separations was calculated for paddy, brown rice, and white rice using discriminant analysis (DA), which was 89.2%, 87.7%, and 83.1%, respectively. To identify and classify the desired cultivars, a multilayered perceptron neural network was implemented based on the most effective components. The results showed 100% accuracy of the network in identifying and classifying all mentioned rice cultivars. Hence, it is concluded that the integrated method of image processing and pattern recognition methods, such as statistical classification and artificial neural networks, can be used for identifying and classification of rice cultivars.

scholarly journals Proteomics of Seed Nutrition-Associated Proteins in Germinated Brown Rice in Four Thai Rice Cultivars Analyzed by GeLC-MS/MS

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarunyaporn MAKSUP ◽  
Sarintip PONGPAKPIAN ◽  
Sittiruk ROYTRAKUL
Keyword(s):  
Total Phenolic Content ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Brown Rice ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Rice Cultivars ◽  
Serine Carboxypeptidase ◽  
Germinated Brown Rice ◽  
Associated Proteins ◽  
Germinated Seeds

Brown rice (BR) and germinated brown rice (GBR) of Oryza sativa L. are popularly consumed by Asians because of their important healthy diet components. They are known to contain bioactive compounds and nutrients, such as phenolics, vitamins, fatty acids, and sugars, which help to maintain good health and reduce the incidences of various chronic diseases. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of germination on changes of nutrition-associated proteins in 4 rice cultivars. After germination for 24 h, the changes of seed nutrition-associated proteins were examined by shotgun proteomics. The total proteins from non-germinated seeds and 24 h germinated seeds of 4 rice cultivars were extracted and analyzed by in-gel digestion coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (GeLC-MS/MS). A total phenolic content was analyzed from the crude methanol extract of those grains after germination for 0, 24, and 48 h using Folin-Ciocalteu assay. The analysis showed that seed nutritional-associated proteins, especially phenolic-associated proteins, increased after germination according to the accumulation of the total phenolic content. The expressions of 6 phenolic-associated proteins, including phenylalanine ammonia-lyase, serine carboxypeptidase-like protein, isoflavone-7-O-methyltransferase, isoflavonoid glucosyltransferase, glycosyltransferase family 61 protein and UDP-glucose flavonoid 3-O-glucosyltransferase were increased by 2.20 - 15.90 folds after germination. This study provides evidence that rice germination for 24 h has essentially influenced the increased nutritional values of BR and the phenolic biosynthetic pathway.

scholarly journals Identification of a Novel QTL for Chlorate Resistance in Rice (Oryza sativa L.)

Agriculture ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 360 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nkulu Rolly Kabange ◽  
So-Yeon Park ◽  
Dongjin Shin ◽  
So-Myeong Lee ◽  
Su-Min Jo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Candidate Genes ◽  
Phenotypic Variation ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
In Silico Analysis ◽  
Parental Line ◽  
Chlorate Resistance ◽  
Specific Pcr ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Parental Lines

Chlorate resistance analysis is an effective approach commonly used to distinguish the genetic variation between Oryza sativa L. ssp. indica and japonica, and predict the nitrogen use efficiency (NUE). This study aimed at investigating the response of a doubled haploid (DH) population derived from anther culture of 93-11 × Milyang352 exposed to 0.1% potassium chlorate (KClO3) at the seedling stage. The results revealed that the parental rice lines 93-11 (indica) and Milyang352 (japonica) showed distinctive phenotypic responses. The parental line 93-11 scored highly sensitive (0% survival) and Milyang352 scored resistant (66.7% survival) 7 days after treatment. The DH lines reflected the differential phenotypic response observed in parental lines. Interestingly, we identified a novel quantitative trait locus (QTL) for chlorate resistance on chromosome 3 (qCHR-3, 136 cM, logarithm of the odds—LOD: 4.1) using Kompetitive Allele-Specific PCR (KASP) markers. The additive effect (−11.97) and phenotypic variation explained (PVE; 14.9%) indicated that the allele from Milyang352 explained the observed phenotypic variation. In addition, shoot growth showed a significant difference between parental lines, but not root growth. Moreover, in silico analysis identified candidate genes with diverse and interesting molecular and physiological functions. Therefore, this study suggested that the QTL qCHR-3 harbors promising candidate genes that could play a role in the regulation of nitrogen metabolism in rice.

scholarly journals Characteristics of Five Turkish Rice Cultivars (Oryza sativa L.) Grown under the Environmental Conditions of the Republic of Macedonia

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 17
Author(s):  
Dobre Andov ◽  
Danica Andreevska ◽  
Emilija Simeonovska ◽  
Trajche Dimitrovski
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Rice Cultivars ◽  
Republic Of Macedonia ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Standard Cultivar

The Turkish rice cultivars 'Kiziltan', 'Gala', 'Halilbey', 'Gönen' and 'Paşali' were evaluated under typical environmental conditions and production technology of the Kochani rice producing region in the Republic of Macedonia and compared to the standard cultivar 'San Andrea'. The field trial was set up during 2013 and 2014 in randomized complete block design in 3 replications. The Turkish rice cultivars showed shorter period from seeding to flowering compared to the standard. Significantly lower plant height and panicle length in the Turkish cultivars was determined, based on 30 plants per cultivar. 'Paşali' cultivar produced the highest average number of productive tillers (586.67 m-2), while 'Gönen' the lowest (448.50 m-2), based on 3 samples. The Turkish rice cultivars achieved higher average paddy rice yield (based on 3 samples per cultivar), with significant difference between means only for 'Paşali', where the highest value was obtained (9591.78 kg ha-1). The Turkish rice cultivars generally showed better results than the standard and as such are potentially suitable for cultivation in the Republic of Macedonia.

scholarly journals Efficiency of N uptake and rice yield on various composition of quail manure and inorganic fertilizer in paddy field of Palur, Sukoharjo, Central Java

2011 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-18
Author(s):  
GALIH NICO SUPRAMUDHO ◽  
JAUHARI SYAMSIYAH ◽  
MUJIYO MUJIYO ◽  
SUMANI SUMANI
Keyword(s):  
Paddy Field ◽  
Rice Yield ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Block Design ◽  
N Uptake ◽  
Inorganic Fertilizer ◽  
Lower Efficiency ◽  
Central Java ◽  
Total Soil ◽  
Two Factors

Supramudho GN, Syamsiyah J, Mujiyo, Sumani. 2012. Efficiency of N uptake and rice yield on various composition of quail manure and inorganic fertilizer in paddy field of Palur, Sukoharjo, Central Java. Bonorowo Wetlands 2: 11-18. The objective of the research was to find out the influence of manure and inorganic fertilizer on the efficiency of N uptake and the yield of rice plant (Oryza sativa L.). Using inorganic fertilizer continuously can decrease of rice production which resulted by saturated agrochemistry material and the lower efficiency of N uptake by plants. To overcome the problem, it is necessary to fertilize equally, both manure and inorganic fertilizer. The research is conducted at rice field Palur Sukoharjo and Soil Chemistry and Fertility Laboratory of Agriculture Faculty, Sebelas Maret University, Surakarta. This research represents experimental research by using randomized completely block design (RAKL) factorial with two factors. There are three factors manure i.e. O1 (non manure), O2 (manure 3 tons/ha.), O3 (manure 6 tons/ha.) and three factors inorganic fertilization i.e. A1 (non inorganic fertilizer), A2 (Urea 15-kg/ha + ZA 50 kg/ha + SP-36 75 kg/ha + KCl 50 kg/ha), A3 (Urea 300 kg/ha + ZA 100 kg/ha + SP-36 150 kg/ha + KCl 100 kg/ha). The statistic analysis of the research uses F test, Kurscal-Wallis Test, and DMR test 5%. The result shows that there have no interaction between manure and inorganic fertilizer to result N total soil, N uptake and milled dry paddy weight. The equal intake of manure 6 tons/ha + Urea 300 kg/ha + ZA 100 kg/ha + SP-36 150 kg/ha + KCl 100 kg/ha give result N total soil, efficiency of N uptake and milled dry paddy weight at the highest value, respectively 0.5%, 55.5%; 17.33 kg/ha (6.66 ton/ha.).

scholarly journals Genetic Basis of Combining Ability for Various Quantitative Traits Using CMS Lines of Rice (Oryza sativa L.)

2018 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-135
Author(s):  
Mostafa Mamdouh Elshenawy ◽  
Galal Bakr Anis ◽  
Walid Hassan Elgamal ◽  
Ebrahim Abd-Elsalam Ramadan
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Heading Date ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
High Yield ◽  
F1 Hybrids ◽  
Rice Cultivars ◽  
Cms Line ◽  
Parental Lines

Summary Line × Tester experiment was carried out at the Experimental Farm of Rice Research and Training Center (RRTC), Sakha, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt during three growing seasons to evaluate the performance of 21 F1 hybrids along with their parents. Three cytoplasmic male sterile lines, two wild abortive (Wild Abortive); IR69625A, IR70368A and one (Kalinga) K17A as female were tested with seven cultivars/lines as testers. The analysis of variance detected that, highly significant variations among genotypes (parental lines with their crosses) for all traits in both seasons and in their combined analysis. Two hybrid combinations; IR69625A×Giza178 and IR69625A×Giza179 were recorded the best values for grain yield under both seasons and their combined. General combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA) effects of genotypes for the studied traits were estimated. The results indicated that, K17A (female) and Giza 179 (male) were the best combiner for early heading date and could be useful to breed early maturing rice cultivars. The CMS line IR69625A and Giza178, Giza179 gave highly significant and positive GCA value and so appeared to be good parental lines combiner in hybrid combinations for high grain yield/plant. The positive values of GCA mean increased for grain yield/plant, which could be useful in breeding programs for high yield potential rice cultivars. The hybrid combination IR69625A×Giza179 showed highly significant and positive SCA estimates under both seasons and their combined. In conclusion, it is clear that this hybrid seemed promising hybrid for earliness and high grain yield under Egyptian conditions.

scholarly journals Selenium Decreases the Cadmium Content in Brown Rice: Foliar Se Application to Plants Grown in Cd-contaminated Soil

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuochen Jiang ◽  
Bin Du ◽  
Qixia Wu ◽  
Haiwei Zhang ◽  
Youyu Deng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidative Activity ◽  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Rice Yield ◽  
Physiological Stress ◽  
Brown Rice ◽  
Cadmium Content ◽  
Rice Cultivars ◽  
Cd Contamination ◽  
Stems And Leaves ◽  
Cd Translocation

AbstractCadmium (Cd) contamination in agricultural soils has become a serious issue owing to its high toxicity threat to human health through the food chain. The purpose of this paper is to explore the availability of foliar selenium (Se) application in reducing Cd enrichment in brown rice. A field experiment from 2017 to 2019 was conducted to investigate the effects of foliar Se application on the physiology and yields of three rice cultivars and their accumulation of Cd in low-Cd and high-Cd soils. The grain protein contents and yields of rice plants grown in the high-Cd soil were lower than those of plants cultivated in the low-Cd soil by 27.85% and 6.82%, whereas the malondialdehyde (MDA) and Cd contents were higher by 66.06% and 91.47%, respectively. Se application reduced Cd translocation from the stems and leaves to the spikes, decreasing the Cd content in brown rice by 40.36%. Additionally, Se enhanced the antioxidative activity, glutathione and protein contents, and rice yield (7.58%) and decreased the MDA and proline contents. However, these Se effects weakened under the high-Cd soil. Foliar Se application can alleviate Cd-induced physiological stress in brown rice while improving its yield and reducing its Cd content.

scholarly journals Effect of Clearance on Mechanical Damage of Processed Rice

2017 ◽  
Vol 65 (5) ◽  
pp. 1469-1476
Author(s):  
Salih K. Alwan Alsharifi ◽  
Akbar Arabhosseini ◽  
Mohammad H. Kianmehr ◽  
Ali M. Kermani
Keyword(s):  
Rice Yield ◽  
Brown Rice ◽  
Mechanical Damage ◽  
Factorial Experiment ◽  
Rice Cultivars ◽  
Broken Rice ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Head Rice ◽  
Head Rice Yield ◽  
Better Than

The effect of rubber rolls in husking machine (Yanmar type) on rice cultivars of Tarm Hashemi (TH) and Daillman Mazandarani (DM) were tested during husking at three clearances of 0.4, 0.6 and 0.8 mm between cylinders. The experiments were carried out in a factorial experiment under complete randomized design with three replications. The results showed that the TH cultivar was significantly better than the DM in all studied conditions. The results showed broken rice of 6.239 % and 6.729 %, cracked grain percentage of 3.787 % and 4.671 %, brown rice (husked rice) of 82.049 % and 80.113 %, husking efficiency of 84.719 % and 83.152 % and head rice yield of 70.633 % and 69.202 % for TH and DM, respectively. The clearance of 0.8 mm was significantly superior to the levels of 0.4 and 0.6 mm in all studied conditions.

The Influence of Age and Gender on Mandibular Indices among the Libyan Population

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Bone Mineralization ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
T Test ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Libyan Population

Radiographic Mandibular Indices serve as easy and relatively cheap tools for evaluating bone mineralization. Objectives: To examine the effect of age and gender on three mandibular indices: the panoramic mandibular index (PMI), the mandibular ratio (MR) and the mandibular cortical index (MCI), among Libyan population. Methods: The three indices were measured on 317 digital (OPGs) of adult humans (155 males, 162 females). The sample was divided into six age groups (from 18-25 years through 56-65 years). The measurements were analyzed for interactions with age and sex, using SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Studies) software version no. 22. The tests employed were two way ANOVA, the unpaired T-test and chi-square test. Results: The mean PMI fluctuated between 0.37 s.d. 0.012 and 0.38 s.d. 0.012. among the sixth age groups. One-way ANOVA statistical test revealed no significant of age on PMI. On the other hand gender variation has effect on PMI, since independent sample t-test disclosed that the difference between the male and female PMI means statistically significant. ANOVA test showed that the means of MR among age groups showed a negative correlation i.e. MR mean declined from 3.01 in 18-25 age groups to 2.7 in 55-65 age groups. In contrary, the gender showed no effect on MR according two sample t-test at p> 0.05. In regards with MCI, statistical analysis showed that it affected by age that is C1 was decreasing by age while C2 and C3 were increased by age. Using chi square test the result indicated that there is a significant difference among the different age group and the two genders in MCI readings. Conclusion: PMI was influenced significantly by age but minimally by the gender. MR is not affected by gender but has a negative correlation with age. MCI is affected by both age and gender

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