scholarly journals Bioremediation of lead using bacterial isolates and study their plant relieving effect on wheat under metal contamination

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (1-2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Prashakha J. Shukla ◽  
Vishwa R. Vyas
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Stress Condition ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Wheat Plant ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Heavy Metal Resistance ◽  
Metal Resistance

Increasing concentration of heavy metals due to various anthropogenic activities is a serious problem. To overcome this issue, many chemical and physical methods are available but they are either directly or indirectly harmful to nature. By these methods more quality of chemicals are wasted. So, bioremediation is the best method to remove pollutants. It is an eco-friendly and cost-effective process. A low concentration of heavy metal is required to plant for their growth and metabolic process but at higher concentration, plants do not survive. With the use of microbes, we can survive plants at certain levels. During this work heavy metal tolerating microorganism was isolated and purified. Various tests were performed like staining, minimum inhibitory concentration, multiple heavy metal resistance, multiple antibiotic resistance, biochemical test, DNA isolation, in vitro examination of the wheat plant under the stress condition of lead (1000ppm).

scholarly journals A Rapid and High Throughput MIC Determination Method to Screen Uranium Resistant Microorganisms

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 21
Author(s):  
Meenakshi Agarwal ◽  
Rajesh Singh Rathore ◽  
Ashvini Chauhan
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Microbial Growth ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Heavy Metal Resistance ◽  
Conventional Technique ◽  
Metal Resistance ◽  
Growth Media ◽  
Ongoing Work ◽  
Solid Plate ◽  
Synthetic Media

The assessment of minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) is a conventional technique used for the screening of microbial resistance against antibiotics, biocides, and contaminants such as heavy metals. However, as part of our ongoing work, we have observed biases associated with using traditional liquid MIC method to screen microbial heavy metal resistance, including both bacterial and fungal strains. Specifically, the addition of uranium into synthetic media causes immediate precipitation prior to the initiation of microbial growth, thus hampering the optical density measurements, and the obtained MIC values are thus flawed and inaccurate. To address this discrepancy, we report the optimization and development of a serial-dilution-based MIC method conducted on solid growth media supplemented with uranium, which is more accurate, relative to the testing of MICs performed in liquid cultures. Notably, we report on the efficacy of this method to screen not only bacteria that are resistant to uranium but also demonstrate the successful application to yeast and fungal isolates, for their ability to resist uranium, is more accurate and sensitive relative to the liquid method. We believe that this newly developed method to screen heavy metal resistance, such as uranium, is far superior to the existing liquid MIC method and propose replacing the liquid assay with the solid plate MIC reported herein.

scholarly journals Analysis of the Genome of the Heavy Metal Resistant and Hydrocarbon-Degrading Rhizospheric Pseudomonas qingdaonensis ZCR6 Strain and Assessment of Its Plant-Growth-Promoting Traits

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 214
Author(s):  
Daria Chlebek ◽  
Tomasz Płociniczak ◽  
Sara Gobetti ◽  
Agata Kumor ◽  
Katarzyna Hupert-Kocurek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Growth Promotion ◽  
Sulfur Metabolism ◽  
Heavy Metal Resistance ◽  
Metal Resistance ◽  
Minimal Inhibitory Concentrations ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting

The Pseudomonas qingdaonensis ZCR6 strain, isolated from the rhizosphere of Zea mays growing in soil co-contaminated with hydrocarbons and heavy metals, was investigated for its plant growth promotion, hydrocarbon degradation, and heavy metal resistance. In vitro bioassays confirmed all of the abovementioned properties. ZCR6 was able to produce indole acetic acid (IAA), siderophores, and ammonia, solubilized Ca3(PO4)2, and showed surface active properties and activity of cellulase and very high activity of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid deaminase (297 nmol α-ketobutyrate mg−1 h−1). The strain degraded petroleum hydrocarbons (76.52% of the initial hydrocarbon content was degraded) and was resistant to Cd, Zn, and Cu (minimal inhibitory concentrations reached 5, 15, and 10 mM metal, respectively). The genome of the ZCR6 strain consisted of 5,507,067 bp, and a total of 5055 genes were annotated, of which 4943 were protein-coding sequences. Annotation revealed the presence of genes associated with nitrogen fixation, phosphate solubilization, sulfur metabolism, siderophore biosynthesis and uptake, synthesis of IAA, ethylene modulation, heavy metal resistance, exopolysaccharide biosynthesis, and organic compound degradation. Complete characteristics of the ZCR6 strain showed its potential multiway properties for enhancing the phytoremediation of co-contaminated soils. To our knowledge, this is the first analysis of the biotechnological potential of the species P. qingdaonensis.

scholarly journals Response of the callus cells of fir (Abies nordmanniana) to in vitro heavy metal stress

2017 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Nawrot-Chorabik
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Heavy Metal Stress ◽  
Heavy Metal Resistance ◽  
Metal Resistance ◽  
Stress Factors ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Abies Nordmanniana ◽  
Long Time

Abstract The aim of the presented research was to investigate the effect of three heavy metals - lead, cadmium and copper - on the callus cells of Abies nordmanniana. The toxicity degree and toxicity effect of the selected heavy metals was determined on the embryonic level. On the basis of the spectrometric analyses as well as macroscopic and microscopic observations, this research referred to the accumulation of heavy metals in tissues, assuming that this mechanism is related to the acquisition of tolerance by cells exposed to this type of abiotic stress. Moreover, the effect of the genotype of fir on the cell defence, that is, the induction of tolerance, was analysed. Understanding of the issues related to the heavy metal resistance of plant genotypes in future may contribute to the selection of genotypes of individuals that are more resistant to stress factors, particularly in the multi-directional and rational forest management. The results showed that lead (20 mg l-1), which proved to be the most toxic amongst the three examined heavy metals, has the most severe negative effects on the tissue of fir trees. Copper (20 mg l-1) was accumulated for a long time in the cells of fir trees, and it was not degraded or excreted outside the tissues even after three weeks of in vitro culture. Of the three tested genotypes, G14 had the greatest tendency to accumulate each of the examined metals, that is, it appeared to be the least tolerant genotype.

scholarly journals Heavy metal resistance properties of bacteria from different soil types in Horo Guduru Wollega, Ethiopia

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (11) ◽  
pp. 320
Author(s):  
Melkamu T. Addisu ◽  
Adugna M. Bikila
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Environmental Concern ◽  
Heavy Metal Resistance ◽  
Metal Resistance ◽  
Soil Types ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Bacterial Isolates

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> The quality of life on earth is linked inseparably to the overall quality of the environment. Soil pollution with heavy metals has become a critical environmental concern due to its potential adverse ecological effects. The study explored the heavy metals resistance properties of bacteria isolated from fertilizer applied agricultural and non-agricultural soils.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> The soil samples were collected from both fertilizer applied agricultural soils and non-agricultural soils. After identification and characterization of the isolates from both soil types, six (6) similar bacterial isolates were selected to screen for resistance against Cobalt (Co<sup>+</sup>), Lead (Pb<sup>2+</sup>), Cromium (Cr<sup>+3</sup>), Mercury (Hg<sup>2+</sup>), Nickel (Ni<sup>2+</sup>), Cadmium (Cd<sup>2+</sup>) and Zinc (Zn<sup>2+</sup>) heavy metals. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) for the bacterial isolates were determined by gradually increasing the concentration of heavy metals on agar plates until the isolates failed to show growth.  </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> The isolates from fertilizer applied agricultural soil showed the highest resistance against the selected heavy metals than those isolated from fertilizers not applied (nonagricultural) soils.</p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> From this result it can be seen that fertilizer has significant role in influencing the heavy metal resistance properties of bacteria and these heavy metal resistant bacteria can be useful for the bioremediation of heavy metal contaminated environment. </p>

scholarly journals In vitro evaluation of some halophilic bacterial isolates as biofertilizers

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. A. Samsonova ◽  
I. M. Ibrahim ◽  
Yu. P. Fedonenko ◽  
S. A. Konnova
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Halophilic Bacteria ◽  
Heavy Metal Resistance ◽  
Metal Resistance ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
In Vitro Evaluation

For six strains of halophilic bacteria, nitrogen fixation ability, production of phytohormones and siderophores, the solubilization of phosphates, and heavy metal resistance were revealed.

scholarly journals Heavy Metal Tolerance Trend in Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase Encoding Strains Recovered from Food Samples

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (9) ◽  
pp. 4718
Author(s):  
Kashaf Junaid ◽  
Hasan Ejaz ◽  
Iram Asim ◽  
Sonia Younas ◽  
Humaira Yasmeen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Metal Tolerance ◽  
Heavy Metal Tolerance ◽  
Heavy Metal Resistance ◽  
Metal Resistance ◽  
Food Samples ◽  
Esbl Production ◽  
Extended Spectrum ◽  
Retail Food ◽  
Esbl Producers

This study evaluates bacteriological profiles in ready-to-eat (RTE) foods and assesses antibiotic resistance, extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) production by gram-negative bacteria, and heavy metal tolerance. In total, 436 retail food samples were collected and cultured. The isolates were screened for ESBL production and molecular detection of ESBL-encoding genes. Furthermore, all isolates were evaluated for heavy metal tolerance. From 352 culture-positive samples, 406 g-negative bacteria were identified. Raw food samples were more often contaminated than refined food (84.71% vs. 76.32%). The predominant isolates were Klebsiella pneumoniae (n = 76), Enterobacter cloacae (n = 58), and Escherichia coli (n = 56). Overall, the percentage of ESBL producers was higher in raw food samples, although higher occurrences of ESBL-producing E. coli (p = 0.01) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (p = 0.02) were observed in processed food samples. However, the prevalence of ESBL-producing Citrobacter freundii in raw food samples was high (p = 0.03). Among the isolates, 55% were blaCTX-M, 26% were blaSHV, and 19% were blaTEM. Notably, heavy metal resistance was highly prevalent in ESBL producers. These findings demonstrate that retail food samples are exposed to contaminants including antibiotics and heavy metals, endangering consumers.

scholarly journals Genome-Driven Discovery of Enzymes with Industrial Implications from the Genus Aneurinibacillus

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 499
Author(s):  
Majid Rasool Kamli ◽  
Nada A. Y. Alzahrani ◽  
Nahid H. Hajrah ◽  
Jamal S. M. Sabir ◽  
Adeel Malik
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Heavy Metal Resistance ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Metal Resistance ◽  
The Family ◽  
Antiviral Activities ◽  
Genome Level ◽  
Genome Analyses ◽  
Unique Species

Bacteria belonging to the genus Aneurinibacillus within the family Paenibacillaceae are Gram-positive, endospore-forming, and rod-shaped bacteria inhabiting diverse environments. Currently, there are eight validly described species of Aneurinibacillus; however, several unclassified species have also been reported. Aneurinibacillus spp. have shown the potential for producing secondary metabolites (SMs) and demonstrated diverse types of enzyme activities. These features make them promising candidates with industrial implications. At present, genomes of 9 unique species from the genus Aneurinibacillus are available, which can be utilized to decipher invaluable information on their biosynthetic potential as well as enzyme activities. In this work, we performed the comparative genome analyses of nine Aneurinibacillus species representing the first such comprehensive study of this genus at the genome level. We focused on discovering the biosynthetic, biodegradation, and heavy metal resistance potential of this under-investigated genus. The results indicate that the genomes of Aneurinibacillus contain SM-producing regions with diverse bioactivities, including antimicrobial and antiviral activities. Several carbohydrate-active enzymes (CAZymes) and genes involved in heavy metal resistance were also identified. Additionally, a broad range of enzyme classes were also identified in the Aneurinibacillus pan-genomes, making this group of bacteria potential candidates for future investigations with industrial applications.

scholarly journals Retromobilization of heavy metal resistance genes in unpolluted and heavy metal polluted soil

1995 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 191-203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva M. Top ◽  
Helene Rore ◽  
Jean-Marc Collard ◽  
Veerle Gellens ◽  
Galina Slobodkina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Heavy Metal Resistance ◽  
Metal Resistance ◽  
Polluted Soil

Screening of heavy metal and antibiotic resistance among Proteus vulgaris isolates from hospital wastewater of Northern India

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manzar Alam ◽  
Mohd Imran ◽  
Syed Sayeed Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Multiple Drug Resistance ◽  
Heavy Metal Resistance ◽  
Metal Resistance ◽  
Antibiotics Resistance ◽  
Proteus Vulgaris ◽  
Resistance To Antibiotics ◽  
Transfer Frequency ◽  
Resistance Patterns

Background: Microbial resistance to antibiotics and heavy metals is a rising problem in the world today. All the Proteus vulgaris isolates showed their MIC in between 50-1600 µg/ml. Of 70% and 46% of the isolates showed their MIC at 800-1200 µg/ml against Zn2+ and Cu2+ while 80% of the isolates showed their MIC at 100-200 µg/ml against Ni2+, respectively. All Proteus vulgaris isolates also exhibited multiple resistance patterns (2-7 heavy metals) in different combination of metals. The Multi metal resistance Index (MHMR) ranges were found (0.04-0.5). Methods: A high level of antibiotics resistance was observed against Methicillin (100%) and least to Oflaxicin (6%), Gentamycine and Neomycin (10%). All Proteus vulgaris isolates also showed multiple drug resistance patterns (2-12 antibiotics) in different combination of antibiotics. The MAR index ranges were found (0.02-0.7). Of 98%, 84% and 80% of the total isolates showed urease, gelatinase and amylase activity. Results: The Proteus vulgaris isolates contained plasmid of size ranging from 42.5 to 57.0kb and molecular weight of plasmids ranged from 27.2 to 37.0 MD. Incidences of resistance transfer, 7 pairs of isolates were assessed for the transfer of the antibiotic/ heavy metal resistance markers. The higher (4.4x10-1 and 3.4x10-1) transfer frequency was observed among antibiotic and heavy metal while lower transfer frequency were (5.0x10-2 and 1.0x10-2) showed against antibiotic and heavy metal in both the medium from the entire site tested, respectively. Conclusion: Indicating the high threat of environmental pollution and appearance of heavy metal resistance which may support the enlargement of resistance to antibiotics among the pathogens.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document