scholarly journals THE CHARACTERISTICS OF ONCO-UROLOGICAL MORBIDITY OF MOSCOW POPULATION IN 2006-2015

2019 ◽  
Vol 61 (5) ◽  
pp. 250-256
Author(s):  
Ashot R. Gevorkyan
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Bladder Cancer ◽  
Kidney Cancer ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
National Average ◽  
Average Level ◽  
Male Population ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Urological Diseases ◽  
Moscow Population

The article presents the analysis of trends specific for onco-urological morbidity of Moscow population on the basis of data of official statistical reports for 2006-2015. It is established that prostate cancer is the most actual onco-urological problem in Moscow. The level of morbidity of prostate cancer in the capital exceeds the corresponding average level in the Russian Federation. During 2006-2015, the morbidity of prostate cancer in Moscow increased up to 33.6% i.e. from 52.7 to 70.4 cases per 100 000 of male population. In Moscow, in 2015, morbidity of kidney cancer made up to 11.73 and bladder cancer - 9.72 cases per 100 000 of population. As compared with 2006, morbidity of prostate cancer decreased up to 3.1% and morbidity of bladder cancer increased up to 9.2%. In Moscow, for morbidity of prostate cancer and bladder cancer are specific lower levels in comparison with national average indices. It is demonstrated that efficiency of target oncologic preventive examinations, timeliness of detection of onco-urological diseases and also efficiency of their treatment in Moscow is higher than in the Russian Federation on the whole. At that, in Moscow 31.6% of cases of prostate cancer, 29,7% of cases of kidney cancer and 17.7% of bladder cancer are detected at stage III-IV of disease. The results of implemented study testify necessity of development of urological care of population, including its out-patient section that effects efficiency and timeliness of detection and effectiveness of treatment of onco-urological diseases.

scholarly journals Statistics of malignant tumors of urinary and male urogenital organs in Russia and the countries of the former USSR

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 15-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. M. Axel ◽  
V. В. Matveev
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Bladder Cancer ◽  
Kidney Cancer ◽  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Testis Cancer ◽  
Male Population ◽  
Study Objective ◽  
Former Ussr

The study objective is to analyze incidence of cancer morbidity and morality in Russia and some former Soviet states. Prevalence of urinary and male urogenital organs cancer continues to grow. Morphological verification of the diagnosis varied from 58.5 % (at bladder cancer in Tajikistan) up to 93.7 % (in Russia), at a prostate cancer the maximum values are registered in Russia, Belarus and Ukraine (91–99 %); at kidney cancer in Russia, Belarus and Uzbekistan (84 %). In 2012–2017 years the increase of kidney cancer incidence in Russia (in men) made 13.8 %; at a prostate cancer, growth of the standardized rates is registered in all provided countries of the former USSR (except Kyrgyzstan). Decrease in incidence rates of bladder cancer is registered at men in Belarus, Moldova, Kazakhstan, Armenia and Kyrgyzstan. In Russia and Belarus mortality rates of kidney and a bladder cancer decreased; at a prostate mortality rate for the 5 anniversary is stable in Belarus; its insignificant increase was in Russia (for 3.4 %). The increase of penis cancer incidence in Russia was 24 %. The ratio of the maximum and minimum incidence rates among regions of Russia reached 16-fold sizes (at penis cancer) and 6-fold sizes – at testis tumours. Above, than on average in Russia (2.1 per 100 thousand, male population) testis cancer cases in Belarus (3.0 per 100 thousand). In 2012–2017 the increase of testis cancer incidence in Russia was 16.7 %.

scholarly journals Racial Differences in Incident Genitourinary Cancer Cases Captured in the National Cancer Database

Medicina ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (7) ◽  
pp. 671
Author(s):  
Dylan T. Wolff ◽  
Thomas F. Monaghan ◽  
Danielle J. Gordon ◽  
Kyle P. Michelson ◽  
Tashzna Jones ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
United States ◽  
Bladder Cancer ◽  
Kidney Cancer ◽  
The United States ◽  
Coverage Rate ◽  
National Cancer Database ◽  
Genitourinary Cancer ◽  
Coverage Rates ◽  
Capture Rates

Background and Objectives: The National Cancer Database (NCDB) captures nearly 70% of all new cancer diagnoses in the United States, but there exists significant variation in this capture rate based on primary tumor location and other patient demographic factors. Prostate cancer has the lowest coverage rate of all major cancers, and other genitourinary malignancies likewise fall below the average NCDB case coverage rate. We aimed to explore NCDB coverage rates for patients with genitourinary cancers as a function of race. Materials and Methods: We compared the incidence of cancer cases in the NCDB with contemporary United States Cancer Statistics data. Results: Across all malignancies, American Indian/Alaskan Natives subjects demonstrated the lowest capture rates, and Asian/Pacific Islander subjects exhibited the second-lowest capture rates. Between White and Black subjects, capture rates were significantly higher for White subjects overall and for prostate cancer and kidney cancer in White males, but significantly higher for bladder cancer in Black versus White females. No significant differences were observed in coverage rates for kidney cancer in females, bladder cancer in males, penile cancer, or testicular cancer in White versus Black patients. Conclusions: Differential access to Commission on Cancer-accredited treatment facilities for racial minorities with genitourinary cancer constitutes a unique avenue for health equity research.

scholarly journals Review of the Current Epidemiological Situation on the Incidence of Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome in the World and Forecast of the Incidence for the Territory of the Russian Federation in 2019

2019 ◽  
pp. 30-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. A. Savitskaya ◽  
V. A. Trifonov ◽  
G. Sh. Isaeva ◽  
I. D. Reshetnikova ◽  
N. D. Pakskina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Downward Trend ◽  
Average Level ◽  
The World ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Autonomous Regions ◽  
Epidemiological Situation

The paper presents analysis of epidemiological situation on hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome around the world and in the Russian Federation over the period of 2009–2018. 5855 cases of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome were registered in Russia in 2018 (3.99 per one hundred thousand of the population). Downward trend is observed as compared to 2017 (by 29.6 %). Cases of cluster infection were not reported. It is established that the highest level of morbidity, exceeding the average level across Russia 3.9 times, was noted in the Volga Federal District, where 77.5% of the total cases occurred. The territory of the Russian Federation was differentiated by the HFRS incidence rates. The areas with high levels of morbidity included the entities of the Russian Federation with intensive index range between 9.08 and 41.39 per one hundred thousand of the population, among them Republics of Bashkortostan, Mari El, Tatarstan, and Mordovia, Udmurt and Chuvashi Republics, Kirov, Nizhny Novgorod, Penza, Samara, Ulyanovsk, Kostroma, Yaroslavl, and Jewish Autonomous Regions. The forecast for preservation of tense epidemiological situation on HFRS incidence in the territory of the Volga Federal District was substantiated.

scholarly journals The incidence of skin melanoma in the Russian Federation and federal districts

2018 ◽  
pp. 161-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. P. Malishevskaya ◽  
A. V. Sokolova ◽  
L. V. Demidov
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Annual Rate ◽  
First Year ◽  
Visual Localization ◽  
Skin Melanoma ◽  
Average Annual Rate ◽  
Male Population ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
The Russian Federation

Over the past 40 years, the incidence of skin melanoma in the world has increased approximately 3-fold.To study the current epidemiological situation of skin melanoma in the Russian Federation, data on the absolute, coarse and standardized incidence rates of melanoma (S43) in the male and female populations were analyzed. The specific gravity of the melanoma patients detected actively was analyzed at different stages of the tumor process who died within the first year since the diagnosis was established between 2006–2016.The incidence of skin melanoma in the Russian population is characterized by a constant increase of indexes, the average annual rate of increase in the incidence of the Russian Federation’s population of melanoma is 2 times higher than that of the general oncological morbidity. A higher average annual rate and a general increase in the incidence of SM is recorded in the male population. Only every 4th patient in the RF is detected actively, despite the fact that melanoma is a tumor of visual localization. In general, only one third of patients with skin melanoma (32.8%) are diagnosed in the first stage of the tumor process in the Russian Federation. Over the period from 2006 to 2016 in Russia, the indicators of neglect on skin melanoma significantly decreased by 40.6%, however they remain at an unacceptably high level. The index of the first-year lethality from skin melanoma in Russia for the period from 2006 to 2016 decreased by 26.01%.To improve the index of active detection of patients with SM, especially in the early stages, it is necessary to create a system for interaction of primary contact physicians with the patient (dermatovenerologists, cosmetologists, therapists) with the oncological service, the formation of on-alertness among physicians of all specialties, and among the population.

scholarly journals 33rd Annual Congress of the European Association of Urology in 2018: Review of oncological topics

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-182
Author(s):  
A. S. Markova
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Bladder Cancer ◽  
Kidney Cancer ◽  
European Association ◽  
Poster Sessions ◽  
Annual Congress ◽  
European Association Of Urology

From 16 th to 20 th of March, 2018, the 33 rd Annual Congress of the European Association of Urology took place in Copenhagen. Doctors from 78 countries participated in the event. 4,381 abstracts were submitted, 1,338 of which were selected for poster sessions. Prostate cancer, kidney cancer, and bladder cancer were the most studied topics and constituted about a half of all accepted abstracts. In this article, a review of the most significant and interesting reports on cancer urology from the EAU Congress in 2018 is presented.

Key problems of increasing Russia’s rating in the world economy

2022 ◽  
pp. 4-21
Author(s):  
Aleksei Vasilyevich Tebekin ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Development ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Political Development ◽  
World Economy ◽  
International Competitiveness ◽  
Average Level ◽  
Global Development ◽  
Low Level ◽  
The World ◽  
The Russian Federation

The article presents the results of a comprehensive analysis of the key problems that prevent Russia from raising the rating in the world economy, affecting the problem of the Russian Federation joining the five largest economies in the world. When studying the problems of increasing Russia’s ranking in the world economy, based on data from the Humanitarian Portal, estimates were made of the relative (in world comparison) level of development of the Russian Federation in terms of demographic development, social development, institutional development, political development, economic development, scientific and technological development, communication development, reputation development, global development. A distinctive feature of the studies presented is the reliance not on the country’s rating itself in the international comparison system, but on the relative assessment of this rating, taking into account the total number of countries covered by the corresponding rating. The analysis of the relative ratings of the international competitiveness of the Russian Federation was carried out using the desirability function H. D. Harrington (also known as the universal verbal-numerical scale), which allows you to translate relative quantitative assessments into qualitative ones. Based on the analysis, it is shown that at present Russia does not have objective prerequisites for joining the fi ve largest economies in the world, since the Russian Federation does not have a very high level of assessment according to the Harrington method according to none of the groups of indicators of international competitiveness. Most of the assessment groups (level of demographic, social, institutional, economic and social development) have an average level. A number of assessment groups (the level of scientifi c and technical, reputation and global development) have an average level. And the group for assessing the level of political development has a low level. Analysis of the structure of «pain points» of international competitiveness of the Russian Federation, corresponding to a very low level on the Harrington universal verbal-digital scale, showed that most of them are associated with problems of social development (suicide rate, level of quality of life, level of alcohol consumption, number of prisoners, level of happiness), indicating an insuffi cient level of motivation of the population for development.

scholarly journals The Impact of Metformin Use with Survival Outcomes in Urologic Cancers: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Xiangyang Yao ◽  
Haoran Liu ◽  
Hua Xu
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Overall Survival ◽  
Bladder Cancer ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Kidney Cancer ◽  
Subgroup Analysis ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Effect Model ◽  
Urologic Cancers ◽  
The Impact

Background. Conflicting results exist between the potential protective effects of metformin and the prognosis of urologic cancers. This meta-analysis summarized the effects of metformin exposure on the recurrence, progression, cancer-specific survival (CSS), and overall survival (OS) of the three main urologic cancers (kidney cancer, bladder cancer, and prostate cancer). Methods. We systematically searched PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Wanfang, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure databases (January 2010 to December 2019), which identified studies regarding metformin users and nonusers with urologic cancers and extracted patient data. A random effect model or fixed effect model was used to analyze hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results. Among the 1883 confirmed studies, 27 eligible studies were identified, including 123,212 participants. In prostate cancer, patients using metformin have significant benefits for recurrence ( HR = 0.74 ; 95% CI: 0.61-0.90; P = 0.007 ; I 2 = 56 % ), CSS ( HR = 0.74 ; 95% CI: 0.61-0.91; P = 0.002 ; I 2 = 79 % ), and OS ( HR = 0.76 ; 95% CI: 0.65-0.90; P < 0.001 ; I 2 = 86 % ). Moreover, further subgroup analysis showed that the beneficial effects of metformin may be more significant for patients receiving radical radiotherapy. For kidney cancer, metformin was beneficial for progression ( HR = 0.80 ; 95% CI: 0.65-0.98; P = 0.14 ; I 2 = 46 % ). Analysis revealed that the effect of metformin on the overall survival of kidney cancer patients may be related to nationality (American: HR = 0.76 ; 95% CI: 0.59-0.98; P = 0.88 ; I 2 = 0 % ). For bladder cancer, no obvious benefits of metformin use were identified. However, subgroup analysis indicated that metformin may improve the recurrence of bladder cancer, but this improvement was only found in patients with a median follow-up time of more than 4 years ( HR = 0.43 ; 95% CI: 0.28-0.67; P = 0.61 ; I 2 = 0 % ).

RNAseq in addition to next generation sequencing in advanced genitourinary cancers reveals transcriptomic silencing of DNA mutations: Implications for resistance to targeted therapeutics.

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (7_suppl) ◽  
pp. 583-583 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacob J. Adashek ◽  
Shumei Kato ◽  
Rahul Parulkar ◽  
Christopher Szeto ◽  
Sandeep K. Reddy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Bladder Cancer ◽  
Next Generation Sequencing ◽  
Kidney Cancer ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
Dna And Rna ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Dna Alterations ◽  
Generation Sequencing

583 Background: Next generation sequencing (NGS) for advanced tumors is becoming more routine. However, not all patients respond to precision matched treatments. We hypothesized that one potential reason for treatment failure with targeted therapy could be discrepancies between DNA alterations and RNA expression. Methods: Tumor samples from patients with metastatic kidney, bladder, and prostate cancer were analyzed by whole exome or whole genome NGS and RNA sequencing (CLIA-certified laboratory; NantOmics LLC, Santa Cruz, CA). Only known pathogenic driver alterations were analyzed in the current study. Results: Of 45 patients, 10 had kidney cancer, 18 had bladder cancer; and 17 had prostate cancer. Median age was 66 years (range, 28 - 86). The most commonly altered genes were TP53 (35.6% [16/45]), PIK3CA (15.6% [7/45]), FGFR3 (11.1% [5/45]), ALK (8.9% [4/45]), and ATM (8.9% [4/45]). In total, 86 pathogenic DNA alterations were identified; 17 of these (19.8%) were not observed at the RNA level. Among 45 patients, 31.1% (14/45) had ≥1 DNA alteration that was not expressed at the RNA level. Discordance between DNA and RNA was seen in 40% of patients with kidney cancer (4/10), 28% of patients with bladder cancer (5/18), and 29% with prostate cancer (5/17). Examples of genes that had pathogenic DNA alterations not seen at the RNA level included ALK (four discordant cases), KDR (three discordant cases) and GNAS (one discordant case). On the other hand, alterations involving certain genes showed 100% concordance between DNA and RNA: TP53 [N = 16], PIK3CA [N = 7], and FGFR3 [N = 5]). Conclusions: A significant number of patients with genitourinary tumors had DNA alterations that are silenced at the RNA level (19.8%). Transcriptomic silencing merits additional investigation as a mechanism that could mediate resistance to therapeutics targeted at cognate alterations.

Dynamics of the incidence of sexually transmitted infections in different groups of the adult population in the Russian Federation in 2011–2019

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 58-73
Author(s):  
A.A. Kubanov ◽  
◽  
E.V. Bogdanova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Male Population ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Female Population ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Gender Groups

Objective. To describe the dynamics of the incidence of six sexually transmitted infections among different age and gender groups of the adult population in the Russian Federation. Materials and methods. The analysis of data from the federal statistical observation of the incidence of sexually transmitted infections in the Russian Federation in 2011–2019. Results. In the Russian Federation, in all age and gender groups of the adult population during the period 2011–2019, there was a decrease in the incidence of early forms of syphilis, trichomoniasis, gonococcal and chlamydia infections. There were changes in the age structure of the number of cases of sexually transmitted infections with an increase in the proportion of cases detected among people aged 40 or over. The increase in the incidence of late and other unspecified forms of syphilis was noted among the male population aged 30 years or over and the female population aged 40 years or over. In 2019, compared to 2011, the increase in the incidence of anogenital warts and anogenital herpes virus infection was recorded among the male population aged 40 or over. Key words: age and gender groups, incidence, sexually transmitted infections, the Russian Federation

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