scholarly journals The development of concepts of landscape functions in view of optimizing the environment conservation

2015 ◽  
pp. 16-25
Author(s):  
V. I. Kiriushin
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Functional Analysis ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Human Society ◽  
Ecological Risks ◽  
Ecological Functions ◽  
Land Owners ◽  
The Social

The objectives relating to the optimization of the environment conservation involve the determination of biotope sensibility, valuation and forecasting of the landscape sustainable development and excessive anthropogenic loads, assessment of ecological risks and possible adverse consequences, analysis of conflicts, choice of methods for protection and development of the territory, determination of proportions between the agricultural lands and priority trends in land use, compromise decision-making and elaboration of methods to bring in correspondence the interests of land owners. These tasks are solved on the basis of landscape functional analysis. The major ecological functions are the following: bioecological (biotopic and biocenotic, bioproduced, bioenergetic, biogeochemical, concentrated, oxidation-reduced, destructed, activated-inhibited, sanitary); atmospheric (gaseous, heat exchanged, hydroatmospheric); lithospheric (relief-forming, lithological); hydrological and hydrogeological ones. Based upon the identification and assessment of ecological functions of landscapes the social-economic functions are determined to meet the requirements of the human society.

From Census Tract to Neighborhood Planning

1979 ◽  
Vol 1 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 5-26
Author(s):  
Wesley Nakajima
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Urban Planning ◽  
Physical Environment ◽  
Architectural Design ◽  
The United States ◽  
Human Society ◽  
Cultural Perspective ◽  
The Social ◽  
Physical Elements ◽  
Planning Policies

In recent years, applied anthropologists in urban research have begun to focus attention upon the process of urban planning. Traditionally, urban planners in the United States were drawn from architecture, engineering, and geography. These planners were primarily concerned with the physical environment, land use, and architectural design. A problem with their planning policies was that they reflected planners' strong physical interests and seemingly neglected to consider the human society for which planning was being done. In recognition of this problem, the applied anthropologists can make a significant contribution to the evaluation and development of more comprehensive, humanistic planning policies. The socio-cultural perspective of the anthropologists complements that of the "physical" planners. Furthermore, applied anthropology concepts and methodology, which facilitate direct observation of a population within its environment, function to articulate the social with the physical elements of a plan. In doing so, human behavior patterns and felt needs can be related to the physical environment, land use, and architectural design and can thus improve the overall quality of urban planning.

scholarly journals Índice de Vulnerabilidade Socioambiental na Área da Gleba “C” da Universidade Federal do Pará, no Município de Belém

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 2322-2337
Author(s):  
Maria Carolina Chaves de Sousa ◽  
Peter Mann de Toledo ◽  
Filipe Gomes Dias
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Environmental Issues ◽  
The State ◽  
Environmental Vulnerability ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Environmental ◽  
The Right

At the beginning of the 20th century, urbanization and occupation of privileged spaces at the expense of “lowland” spaces and close to a floodplain. The “lowlands” were occupied by a population, mostly with socioeconomic needs, forming housing groups susceptible to flooding and flooding. To bring the recognition of rights to these occupants, a land regularization work was carried out by the Federal University of Pará - UFPA, together with public entities from the State and the Union. The article aims to present and compare the degree of socio-environmental vulnerability in the area of land C of UFPA in the municipality of Belém, object of land regularization activity, applying indicators and indices related to social, economic, legal and environmental issues. The results show that the degree of vulnerability is high in the years surveyed, concluding that the legal regularization work carried out in the area was only patrimonial, in order to transfer responsibilities for land use to the beneficiary residents and the recognition of the right of that title by law. . Effective land regularization work should involve a set of bodies responsible for the social, environmental, urban and land areas so that, in a concatenated and long-term manner, the work carried out is carried out so that the results are captured by the indicators and that the data decrease the degree of socio-environmental vulnerability in the studied area.

scholarly journals RESEARCH OF APPROACHES TO THE ASSESSMENT OF CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY OF MEDIUM-SIZED BUSINESSES

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (197) ◽  
pp. 63-69
Author(s):  
E.P. Troshina ◽  
◽  
T.A. Chizhova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Social Responsibility ◽  
Social Responsibility ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Scientific Work ◽  
Self Assessment ◽  
The Public ◽  
Social Mission ◽  
The Social ◽  
Corporate Social

With the increasing role assigned to the social mission of business in the formation of a positive image in front of the public, the problem of evaluating the activities in the field of corporate social responsibility (CSR) by organizations focused on successful development is becoming increasingly relevant. The article discusses the various approaches currently used in practice (including standards, sustainability indices, self-assessment models) that allow evaluating the activities of organizations in the field of CSR. Such a variety of evaluation methods is due to the fact that each of them has a number of limitations in its application, which should be considered. As a result of systematization of the approaches to CSR assessment considered in the framework of the study, their comparative analysis was carried out in key areas of CSR. A significant result of the presented scientific work is the determination of the most appropriate method for assessing the activities of mediumsized businesses in all areas of CSR (environmental, social, economic, stakeholders, neighborliness).

scholarly journals Methodological base for the implementation of the magnetic levitation transport technology project in Russia

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (3 suppl. 1) ◽  
pp. 13-20
Author(s):  
Georgii V. Igolkin
Keyword(s):  
Social Economic ◽  
Magnetic Levitation ◽  
Economic Effect ◽  
Evaluation Criteria ◽  
Technology Project ◽  
Potential Market ◽  
The Social ◽  
Transport Industry ◽  
Comprehensive Study

Aim: determine the methodological basis for forecasting social economic effect from  implementation of major infrastructure projects in world practice. To compile an individual list of evaluation criteria based on recent research about technical capabilities of magnetic levitational transport technology (MLTT) transport. Methods: statistical methods of transport industry analysis and interbranch balance method are applied. Results: the potential market for application of technology has been identified and a forecast for changing transport industry matrix has been made. Conclusion: this article is the basis for conducting a comprehensive study of the social-economic response of the MLTT project implementation in Russia and determination of optimal parameters for public-private partnership during its realization.

scholarly journals Understanding the Impacts of Aggregate Production on Agriculture and Identifying Mitigating Strategies

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeff Reichheld and Emily Hehl
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Best Practices ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Planning Process ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Promising Practices ◽  
Land Use Impacts ◽  
Quantitative And Qualitative Research ◽  
Land Owners ◽  
Negative Impacts

Across Ontario, aggregate extraction provides economic stimulus for many rural locales, but these operations significantly alter the landscapes upon which they occur and are often considered a nuisance to adjacent land owners. Especially in Southern Ontario, these operations frequently occur on agricultural land or within close proximity to productive farmland. Given the potentially disruptive nature of aggregate extraction, it is important to understand their impacts on nearby farms so that measures to mitigate these impacts can be developed and implemented. Thus, research is needed that understands the social, economic, environmental and land use impacts of aggregate operations to help ensure that adjacent agricultural operations prosper. This research therefore seeks to identify the farm operator’s perspective on impacts on crop and livestock production, along with corresponding best practices that can be utilized to mitigate these impacts. Additionally, this project will involve a jurisdictional scan to identify social, economic, environmental and land use impacts, as well as quantitative and qualitative research intended to identify impacts on agriculture (such as dust, noise and water) and promising practices that aggregate operators and municipal planners could use to limit these impacts. The goal is to see these best practices implemented early in the planning process to avoid conflict and negative impacts on agricultural production from future aggregate operations. The project is supported by a three-year research grant from OMAFRA.

scholarly journals Risk and Social Theory in Environmental Management

2012 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Management ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Social Theory ◽  
Applied Research ◽  
Human Society ◽  
Risk And Uncertainty ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
Key Concepts ◽  
Solid Foundation

Risk and Social Theory in Environmental Management marks a timely contribution, given that environmental management is no longer just about protecting pristine ecosystems and endangered species from anthropogenic harm; it is about calculating and managing the risks to human communities of rapid environmental and technological change. Firstly, the book provides a solid foundation of the social theory underpinning the nature of risk, then presents a re-thinking of key concepts and methods in order to take more seriously the biophysical embeddedness of human society. Secondly, it presents a rich set of case studies from Australia and around the world, drawing on the latest applied research conducted by leading research institutions. In so doing, the book identifies the tensions that arise from decision-making over risk and uncertainty in a contested policy environment, and provides crucial insights for addressing on-ground problems in an integrated way.

Social Choice in an Islamic Economic Framework

1991 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 259-274
Author(s):  
Masudul A. Choudhury
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Social Choice ◽  
Social Order ◽  
Islamic Law ◽  
State Variables ◽  
Economic Framework ◽  
The Social ◽  
Individual Task ◽  
Islamic Economic

In this paper, the decision-making character of shura, the consultativedemocratic concept in an Islamic social order, will be shown to clearly definethe determination of both state variables (socioeconomic variables) and policyvariables and the simulative interactions between them. These variables willthen be shown to configure the consumption, production, and distributionmenus in an Islamic political economy. They will thus be shown as clearlydefined variables that help to formulate the social choice, the social welfarefunction, and the institutional decision-making problems in an Islamic politicoeconomicorder.Shuratic Decision Making in the Perspective ofOrganizational TheoryThe Islamic shuratic (i.e., based on shura) decision-making process isthe centerpiece of organhtional behavior in Islamic institutions. The followingis a technical explanation of this process in light of modem organizationaltheory:’(a) Shura is structured into representative decision makers fromvarious walks of life (“sharees”).(b) “The abstract nature of each individual task” is carried outby ijtihad and the interpretations and implementation of theShari’ah (Islamic law) to various socioeconomic problems ...

scholarly journals Penerapan Fuzzy SAW untuk Rekomendasi Penentuan Penerima Bantuan Pembangunan Rumah Tidak Layak Huni

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-42
Author(s):  
Rony Arzian ◽  
Zaenal Abidin ◽  
Pahrul Irfan ◽  
Muhammad Yunus
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Recommendation System ◽  
Black Box ◽  
Fuzzy Variables ◽  
The Poor ◽  
The Social ◽  
Weight Value ◽  
Manual Testing ◽  
Support Decision Making

Construction of Non-Habitable Homes (RTLH) is a government program managed by thesupervision of the Social Service (Dinas Sosial) in the form of housing construction assistancefunds for the poor. In its realization, assistance is still often found to be lacking on target. It isbecause the determination of beneficiaries is not correctly selected, and there are no standardmethods based on existing criteria. These problems require a system that can providerecommendations that conform to clear standards and use techniques that accounted. FuzzySimple Additive Weighting (SAW) method is one method used in decision making. This methodcalculates criteria to get ranking weights to support decision making. The process of selectingcriteria and determining fuzzy variables carried out as a primary process in this method. Afterthe fuzzification weight value obtained, ranking done to use as a reference in the decision makingof recipients. Based on the results of manual testing, the system made is under the effects ofmanual calculations with a level of accuracy reaching 100%, so that implemented as a basis formaking decisions. While testing, the black box system found that all the requirements tested canrun following the overall system functionality. With this recommendation system, it can help thedecision to find the recipients of the Fund for Non-Occupable Homes Construction Assistanceso that it is more targeted.

Gendering Post-Keynesian Monetary Macroeconomics With Situated Knowledge

2017 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 567-573
Author(s):  
Brenda Spotton Visano
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Financial Instability ◽  
Practical Consideration ◽  
Situated Knowledge ◽  
Complex Type ◽  
The Social ◽  
Fundamental Uncertainty ◽  
Gendered Theory

This paper suggests that the conception of fundamental uncertainty grounding post-Keynesian monetary macroeconomics is consistent with a particularly complex type of decision making characterized by the social determination of preferences and outcomes. Contrary to the argument that positivism grounds post-Keynesian analysis, such a framework of analysis reflects a world in which knowledge is situated. As a practical consideration, this paper considers briefly the implications for a gendered theory of financial instability in a Post-Keynesian monetary framework.

scholarly journals PRINCIPAL APPROACHES TO ENSURING ECONOMIC HOMEOSTASIS FROM THE POSITION OF SUSTAINABLE FINANCE

2021 ◽  
pp. 34-42
Author(s):  
Igor Bystryakov ◽  
Dmytro Klynovyi
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Economic System ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Specific System ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
Self Sufficiency ◽  
The Social ◽  
Sustainable Finance

The purpose of the article is to outline the basic principles of achieving economic homeostasis and determination of the basic principles of homeostasis of economic systems from the standpoint of the concept of sustainable finance. It was found that the determining factor for the sustainability of the economic system is to ensure both its system-wide homeostasis and homeostasis in each of the subsystems in social, economic and environmental dimensions, which can be realized through a specific system of sustainable finance. It is determined that three factors should play an important role in the system of sustainable finance: building feedback mechanisms between the economic system and the environment and within its elements; creation of financial reserves and construction of channels of their direction on the needs of sustainable development; strengthening the links between finance and the real sector of production. The concept of systemic homeostasis is considered in the context of sustainable development management as a balanced state of dynamic self-sustaining balance in the development of socio-ecological and economic entities, which are considered as living systems of organized complexity. The focus is on proactive forms of homeostasis management, the essence of which, in contrast to reactive forms, is to respond to changes in the interaction of the system with its environment actively and purposefully. Financial dominance is considered as a separate fundamental functional component of the sustainable management system, the role of which is to ensure effective distribution relations between the social, economic and environmental components of the economy, and within each of them through appropriate institutions, mechanisms and tools. Principles of the dominant approach, functionality, vertical and horizontal integration feedback and self-sufficiency are proposed on the basis of the paradigmatic concept of sustainable finance. It is shown that their use will allow to build an internally stable financial component, which is capable to provide homeostasis in the socio-ecological and economic system and the rate of sustainable development at 3–4 % of annual economic growth.

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