scholarly journals Peculiarities of alcohol consumption in female urban population of different social and professional status

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 148-166
Author(s):  
Margarita Pozdnyakova ◽  
Viktoria Bruno
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Social Status ◽  
Women Leaders ◽  
Deviant Behavior ◽  
High Risk Group ◽  
Alcoholic Beverages ◽  
Professional Status ◽  
Positive Trend ◽  
Business Women ◽  
The Government

The aim of the work is to study the prevalence of alcohol consumption and features of alcoholic behavior among working urban women with different professional and social status. The situation with the involvement of various groups of women in alcohol consumption is analyzed on the basis of quantitative and qualitative long – term studies conducted by the team of Sector of Sociology of Deviant Behavior of ISRAS – FCTAS RAS. The article analyzes the features of alcoholic behavior – the regularity and intensity of alcohol consumption, the structure of consumed alcoholic beverages – among women leaders, specialists with higher education without subordinates, women employees and workers of various qualifications. The main motives of alcohol consumption in these groups were revealed. It is shown that, despite the recorded positive trend of recent years towards a decrease in alcoholism among women in large cities, the nature of alcohol consumption in some socio-professional groups of women has changed significantly. Business women with a high social status who drink alcohol have a heavier alcohol habits. The article considered the influence of the epidemic of coronavirus infection and the self-isolation regimeintroduced by the government of the Russian Federation in spring of 2020 on alcoholic behavior of women with different socio-professional status. It was found that according to many indicators of alcoholic behavior, business women represent a high-risk group. The factors contributing to the alcoholization of business women are identified, the role of alcohol in their life, the motives of consumption are considered. It is shown that significant factors of alcoholization of business women and women-leaders are the need to follow the business culture with its inherent practice of alcohol consumption, the desirability of a woman’s compliance with opposing social norms, as well as work stress. In an effort to adapt to the current difficult conditions, business women resort to alcohol.

scholarly journals BUDAYA KONSUMSI MINUMAN BERALKOHOL (STUDI KASUS PADA MASYARAKAT MOSKONA DI KELURAHAN BINTUNI BARAT, DISTRIK BINTUNI BARAT, KABUPATEN TELUK BINTUNI)

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 147-153
Author(s):  
Frans Yerkohok ◽  
Sanggar Kanto ◽  
Anif Fatma Chawa
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Deviant Behavior ◽  
Alcoholic Beverages ◽  
Religious Leaders ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
The People ◽  
Alcoholic Drinks ◽  
The Government ◽  
Very High

Abstrack. This article is a socio-cultural study of the culture of consuming liquor. This research was conducted using a qualitative method with a case study approach to the Moskona community in West Bintuni Village, West Bintuni District, Bintuni Bay Regency. Using Herbert Blumer's theory of symbolic interactionism, this study seeks to understand the meaning of alcohol consumption for the people of Moscow and the economic, social, and health impacts of the culture of consuming alcoholic beverages. The results of this study reveal that the consumption of alcoholic drinks does come from outside and has developed into a habit in society, and people perceive alcoholic drinks as a form of brotherhood and kinship between groups of people when sitting together. Various efforts have been made by elements of society such as traditional leaders, religious leaders, and the government, such as very high customary fines for people who commit deviant behavior after consuming liquor, but in reality, the rate of accidents and fights after consuming alcoholic beverages is still high. This study also shows that the persistence of alcohol consumption in the community is related to family, economic and social factors.Keyword : Indigenous people, Liquor, Teluk BintuniAbstrak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana perkembangan komsumsi minuman beralkohol pada masyarakat Moskona yang berada di Kelurahan Bintuni Barat, Distrik Bintuni, Kabupaten Teluk Bintuni, sehingga menjadi sebuah budaya. Sselain itu juga untuk memahami makna konsumsi minuman beralkohol bagi masyarakat Moskona serta dampak ekonomi, sosial dan budaya dari konsumsi minuman beralkohol, dengan menggunakan Teori Interaksionisme Simbolik dari Herbert Blumer. Hasil penelitian mengungkapkan bahwa konsumsi minuman beralkohol memang datang dari luar dan berkembang menjadi sebuah kebiasaan pada masyarakat, dan masyarakat memaknai minuman beralkohol sebagai bentuk persaudaraan dan kekerabatan di antara kelompok masyarakat saat duduk bersama. Berbagai upaya yang dilakukan oleh elemen masyarakat seperti tokoh adat, tokoh agama, dan pemerintah sudah dilakukan seperti denda adat yang sangat tinggi kepada masyarakat yang melakukan perilaku menyimpang pasca mengkonsumsi minuman beralkohol, namun dalam kenyataannya tingkat kecelakaan dan perkelahian pasca konsumsi minuman beralkohol masih tetap tinggi. Bertahannya kebiasaan konsumsi minuman beralkohol pada masyarakat ada kaitannya dengan faktor keluarga, individu pelaku konsumsi dan maraknya minuman beralkohol yang beredar luas di tengah masyarakat, oleh karena itu upaya yang diharapkan oleh peneliti adalah pemerintah mengambil sikap tegas dengan mengeluarkan Peraturan Daerah (PERDA) terkait minuman beralhokol, untuk mampu meredam berdar luasnya minuman beralkohol tersebut.Kata Kunci : Minuman beralkohol, Peraturan Daerah, Teluk Bintuni

scholarly journals REGIONAL EPIDEMIOLOGY OF ALCOHOLIC DEPENDENCE SYNDROME

2019 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 79-85
Author(s):  
Raisa Ya. Khamitova ◽  
D. V. Loskutov
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Alcohol Dependence ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Psychotic Disorders ◽  
Chronic Alcoholism ◽  
Alcoholic Beverages ◽  
Consumption Pattern ◽  
Positive Trend ◽  
Alcohol Dependence Syndrome

Introduction. There are variable patterns of alcohol consumption in Russia that differ significantly between the regions. Awareness and knowledge of those regional differences are key to the effectiveness of measures to prevent and minimise possible damage to public health caused by alcohol consumption. The purpose. To identify regional characteristics of the dynamics of alcoholism and alcoholic psychosis and dependencies with indicators of the implementation and consumption of alcohol in Mari El in 2006-2017. Material and methods. In a retrospective analysis, they included state statistics and bulletins of the Office of Rospotrebnadzor on RME on the primary incidence and prevalence of alcohol dependence syndrome, chronic alcoholism, AP, acute alcohol poisoning, sales of alcohol through a distribution network in 2006-2017. Results. In the reported period of 2006-2017 there was a decline in determination coefficient (R2) from 0.76 to 0.96 for newly diagnosed cases of alcohol dependence in general, alcoholic psychosis and alcoholism in Mari El. There was a significant decline from 221.6 to 47.5 per 100 thousand in the range of values between regions, but higher rates remained among the rural and urban areas (p = 0.0002). The dynamics of the prevalence of alcoholic psychotic disorders and alcoholism were also on decline. Conclusion. The direction and extent of changes in the medical consequences of alcohol consumption (such as primary morbidity and prevalence of alcohol dependence syndrome, alcoholic psychosis and alcoholism, average duration of the course, number of alcoholic psychosis) in the region and indicators of the implementation and consumption of alcoholic beverages in the reported period can be evaluated as positive. It is crucial to ensure the positive trend in the alcohol consumption pattern and impact on public health in the region becomes a long-lasting one. At the same time, it is necessary to increase attention to the assistance and treatment provided to drug users patient.

scholarly journals Estonia: Problems created by border-trade for applying high-tax alcohol policy

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (Supplement_4) ◽  
Author(s):  
T Täht ◽  
H Laarmann
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Global Strategy ◽  
Alcohol Policy ◽  
Alcoholic Beverages ◽  
Policy Document ◽  
Excise Tax ◽  
Awareness Campaigns ◽  
Border Trade ◽  
The Government ◽  
Over Exploitation

Abstract In early 2000s, Estonia had one of the highest levels of alcohol consumption globally. In 2008, the average salary could buy 62 litres of strong spirits, compared with 28 litres in 2000; the increase of affordability was one of the highest in the EU. Since then, alcohol consumption per capita has been reduced by a third, which has also led to a reduction in related problems: mortality from alcohol-related illnesses has fallen by 40%. This was achieved with the progressive adoption of measures that rely heavily, but not exclusively, on increasing excise taxes. In 2014 a comprehensive alcohol policy document was adopted, paving the way to the measures in all 10 areas of WHO global strategy to reduce harmful use of alcohol. Since then Estonia has launched treatment programme and awareness campaigns, restricted advertising and the exposure of alcohol in the public sphere. By 2017, the over-exploitation of the tax-based measures backfired. The twofold alcohol price difference between Estonia and Latvia, resulting from doubling the excise tax for beer and raising significantly those for other alcoholic beverages, caused an unintended increase in cross-border trade between the two countries. This, in turn, caused a new wave of public discussion around pricing policies, and a loss of popular support for tax increases. As a first step to address the problem, the government halved the tax increase planned for February 2018, thus increasing beer tax by 9% and spirits tax by 5%. Tax increases scheduled for 2019 and 2020 were cancelled, and taxes on spirits, beer and cider were cut by 25% instead. This resulted in Latvia decreasing their spirits taxes by 15% in turn. This development forces health promoters to seek new ways to reduce harm to public health and win back support to healthy policy choices.

scholarly journals Estimating Unrecorded International Trade of Alcohol and Forgone Revenue in Bangladesh

2020 ◽  
pp. 53-60
Author(s):  
S. M. Humayun Kabir ◽  
Saidul Alam ◽  
Estiaque Bari ◽  
Towfiqul Islam Khan
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Market Value ◽  
Alcoholic Beverages ◽  
Female Adult ◽  
Narcotics Control ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
The Government ◽  
Bangladeshi Population ◽  
Official Data ◽  
Per Capita Alcohol Consumption

This study attempted to estimate the value of unrecorded liquor trade in Bangladesh. In addition, tried to estimate the revenue government lost through unrecorded liquor trade. Globally, a significant share of liquor trade takes place through informal or illegal channels and remain unrecorded. In Bangladesh, average annual per capita alcohol consumption reached 0.9 liters in 2016. About 3.5% of the male and 1% of the female adult Bangladeshi population regularly intake alcoholic beverages. Estimated demand for liquor in Bangladesh was nearly 2.5 million liters in 2016, whereas, legally permitted level of consumption was only 0.10 million liters. As both production and import of liquor is highly regulated, trade through informal channels meet the excess demand in Bangladesh. In this paper, using official data from the Department of Narcotics Control (DNC), Bangladesh, we estimate the market value of unrecorded liquor production and trade. We find that the estimated annual value of unrecorded consumption of liquor from domestic production is nearly between USD 11 million and USD 28 million; while, unrecorded trade of liquor is nearly between USD 120 million and USD 190 million. Hence, the government is losing potential revenue equivalent to about USD 0.9 million to USD 2.2 million at production stage and USD 9.5 million to USD 15.2 million at import stage. 

Udział kobiet w działalności prawotwórczej Senatu II Rzeczypospolitej

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 207-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paweł Fiktus
Keyword(s):  
World War I ◽  
Social Services ◽  
Social Issues ◽  
Political Life ◽  
Alcoholic Beverages ◽  
Second Republic ◽  
National Minorities ◽  
Participation Of Women ◽  
The Government ◽  
Political Groups

At the end of World War I, in many European countries women won the active and passive right to vote. Poland was one of the first countries, where women were allowed to participate in political life. Already at the time of establishing the Legislative Sejm (1919) the first women-MPs took their seats in Parliament. Similarly, the situation presented itself in the case of the Senate. During its first session (1922) women participated in the works of the upper chamber. The purpose of this paper is to present the participation of women in the legislative work of the Senate in various terms of office. The participation of women in the legislative work of Parliament was characterized by their involvement in issues concerning education or social services, while avoiding participation in the legislative work or that dealing with political matters. The situation presented itself differently as regards women’s involvement in the work of the Senate. A good example here was the activity of Dorota Kałuszyńska, who – during the work on the so called April Constitution of 1935 – not only participated in it very actively, but also ruthlessly attacked the then ruling camp. Another very interesting episode related to activities of women in the Senate was an informal covenant during the work on the bill to limit the sale, administration and consumption of alcoholic beverages. Belonging to different political groups: the said D. Kłuszyńska as a representative of the Polish Socialist Party, Helena Kisielewska from the Bloc of National Minorities and Hanna Hubicka of BBWR [the Nonpartisan Bloc for Cooperation with the Government] unanimously criticized the regulations in force, which – in their opinion – did not fulfill their role when it came to anti-alcohol protection. The participation of women as far as their number was concerned was indeed small, but the Senate (like Parliament) of the Second Republic functioned in the period when women had just begun their activity on the legislative forum. Undoubtedly, it was a very interesting period, in which women had the benefit in the form of gaining their parliamentary experience. For example, it gave rise to subsequent activities of Dorota Kłuszyńska, who actively participated in the legislative works of the Sejm in the years 1947–1952, dealing with social issues or family.

Ransoming Russians from Tatars: Justification and Practice

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 91-99
Author(s):  
Donald Ostrowski
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Social Status ◽  
Russian Orthodox ◽  
Orthodox Church ◽  
Russian Government ◽  
Russian Orthodox Church ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
Sliding Scale ◽  
The Government ◽  
Modern Russian

The early modern Russian government and Russian Orthodox Church identified as one of their main duties the ransoming of Russian Christians from Muslim Tatar captors. The process of ransoming could be an involved one with negotiations being carried on by different agents and by the potential ransomees themselves. Different amounts of ransom were paid on a sliding scale depending upon the ransomee’s social status, gender, and age. One of our main sources for the justification of this practice was the Stoglav (100 Chapters) Church Council in 1551, which discussed the issue of ransom in some detail. The Law Code (Ulozhenie) of 1649 specifies the conditions and amounts to be paid to redeem captives. Church writers justified the ransoming of Christian captives of the Muslim Tatars by citing Scripture, and they also specified that the government should pay the ransom out of its own treasury.

Effects of thwarted interpersonal needs and acute alcohol consumption on cognition and affect about death

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Young-Sil Kwon ◽  
Seung-Cheol Kim ◽  
Yu-Ra Lee ◽  
Myoung-Ho Hyun
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Aggressive Behavior ◽  
Interpersonal Relationships ◽  
Clinical Assessment ◽  
Significant Interaction ◽  
Affective Responses ◽  
Alcoholic Beverages ◽  
Related Risk ◽  
Cognitive Priming ◽  
Interpersonal Needs

We investigated the effects of thwarted interpersonal needs and acute alcohol consumption on cognitive and affective responses regarding death, with data from 67 students who were drinkers of alcoholic beverages. Each student was randomly assigned to 1 of 4 groups distinguished by the presence or absence of both thwarted interpersonal needs and acute alcohol consumption. Cognitive priming bias about death-related risk and fearlessness about death were assessed. Results show significant interaction effects between thwarted interpersonal needs and acute alcohol consumption on cognitive priming bias about death-related risk and fearlessness about death. The findings contribute to explaining how acute alcohol consumption can transform individuals' self-aggressive desire into behavior. Therefore, careful clinical assessment of individuals' frustration in interpersonal relationships and their alcohol consumption is required to prevent risks associated with self-aggressive behavior.

Women, the Parliament and Political Participation in Post-Soviet Kyrgyzstan

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 134-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cholpon Turdalieva ◽  
Medet Tiulegenov
Keyword(s):  
Political Participation ◽  
Social Status ◽  
Public Perception ◽  
Financial Resources ◽  
Professional Status ◽  
Gender Quotas ◽  
Parliamentary Elections ◽  
Party Leaders ◽  
The Public ◽  
Women's Participation

This paper explores women’s participation in parliamentary elections in post-Soviet Kyrgyzstan. Using various methods, it offers an interdisciplinary perspective on factors that affect the likelihood of women participating successfully in parliamentary elections. This study supports the general literature on the effects of gender quotas and proportional representation, but its results on other factors are mixed. The factor of financial resources is significant, though its impact has been reduced with the introduction of gender quotas, while other factors—such as social status—may not be particularly important. The public perception of a woman in politics is not the greatest obstacle to women’s representation, and a female candidate’s professional status may often be attractive to party leaders.

scholarly journals Self-Rated Aversion to Taste Qualities and the PROP Taster Phenotype Associate with Alcoholic Beverage Intake and Preference

Beverages ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 37
Author(s):  
Gary J. Pickering ◽  
Margaret K. Thibodeau
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Red Wine ◽  
Alcoholic Beverage ◽  
Likert Scale ◽  
White Wine ◽  
Sensory Attributes ◽  
Taste Perception ◽  
Alcoholic Beverages ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Beverage Type

Consumers often identify “taste” as an important factor when selecting alcoholic beverages. Although it is assumed that reduced alcohol consumption in PROP super-tasters is due to a greater dislike of the nominally aversive sensations that they experience more intensely (e.g., bitterness) when compared to PROP non-tasters, this question has not been specifically asked to them. Therefore, we examined consumers’ self-reported aversion towards specific sensory attributes (bitter, hot/burn, dry, sour, sweet, carbonation) for four alcoholic beverage types (white wine, red wine, beer, spirits) using a convenience sample of U.S. wine consumers (n = 925). Participants rated 18 statements describing different combinations of sensory attributes and alcoholic beverages on a 5-point Likert scale (e.g., Beer tastes too bitter for me). Individuals who tended to agree more strongly with the statements (i.e., they were more averse; p(F) < 0.05) tended to (i) consume less of all beverage types, (ii) consume a higher proportion of white wine (p(r) < 0.05), and (iii) were more likely to be female or PROP super-tasters. The results suggest that self-reported aversion to specific sensory attributes is associated with not only lower overall intake of alcoholic beverages, but also a shift in the relative proportions of beverage type consumed; a key finding for studies investigating how taste perception impacts alcohol consumption.

Social housing for urban households sheltering children responsible for the "kuluna" and "black babies" phenomena in Congo Brazzaville.

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 424-437
Author(s):  
Alain Symphorien Ndongo
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Social Order ◽  
Social Housing ◽  
Spiritual Development ◽  
Deviant Behavior ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Urban Housing ◽  
The Government ◽  
Family Warmth ◽  
Congo Brazzaville

Housing as a place where household members spend about half (12 hours) of their daily time, including six to eight hours in sleep, is one of the essential conditions in the fight against poverty and precariousness.  The current Congolese urban environment is facing serious problems: small plots of land, lack of suitable housing in relation to the size and composition of households, overcrowding, and water and electricity supplies. This situation is becoming critical with the appearance of deviant behavior among children aged between 10 and 30. The government and its development partners have demonstrated their powerlessness face to this situation, leaving thousands of children on the streets without education or family warmth to form real criminal gangs. These street children have created the phenomena of "kuluna" and "black babies". It has been shown that these one act in this way for their survival, claiming their rights. In this study, we find innovative proposals to provide households sheltering adulterine and adoptive children with low-cost social housing, in order to restore the image of the head of the household and provide the children with a pleasant space for their physical, economic, cultural and spiritual development. This will undoubtedly help to find solutions to the problems facing children and indeed Congolese society as a whole today. The study revealed that if the government does not take practical measures in response to the phenomena created by wayward children, especially "black babies" and "kuluna", there will be a massive adherence of other children, especially the adulterine and adoptive ones. There will be a risk of the phenomena will to be exported to rural areas. The study recommends a "State - Household" partnership in the manufacture of new types of urban housing for households housing children likely to integrate or create gangs, jeopardizing social order and public security.

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