scholarly journals Identification of Secondary Metabolites and Proximate Analysis of Golden Apple Snails (Pomacea canaliculata L.) Meat Extract

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 101
Author(s):  
Meilisha Putri Pertiwi ◽  
Dina Dyah Saputri
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Proximate Analysis ◽  
Pomacea Canaliculata ◽  
Nutritional Content ◽  
Meat Extract ◽  
Feed Manufacturing ◽  
Sustainable Conservation ◽  
Golden Apples ◽  
Hand Sorting

The growth of golden apple snails is very rapid and causes losses of paddy production. Therefore snails are also called pest, especially agricultural pest. Control of golden apple snails can be done by physical hand sorting and then processed into animal feed. Based on research golden apple snails proven have good nutritional content. Efforts to use golden apples nails pets become useful things such as animal feed is a sustainable conservation. Therefore, this study aims to carry out secondary metabolites identification, proximate testing, and antioxidant content of golden apple snails as an initial reference for the basic ingredients of animal feed manufacturing. The method use is hand sorting of golden apple snails at the research location, then brought to the laboratory to carry out the process of secondary metabolites identification, proximate testing, and antioxidant analysis. The results showed a golden apple snails (Pomacea canaliculata L.) extract containing active compunds of alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins and polyphenols, steroids, and glycoside. Proximate analysis showed that golden apple snails extract had a high protein content of 40,83% compared to carbohydrates and fats. These findings suggested that golden apple snailsmeat extract has the potential to be further utilized as an alternative feed for Pangasius sp.Keywords: golden apple snails. Pangasius sp., proximate testing, secondary metabolites.

scholarly journals Biomass Production and Nutrient Content Animal Feed in Kuantan Singingi District

JURNAL TERNAK ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 22
Author(s):  
Infitria Infitria ◽  
Pajri Anwar ◽  
Jiyanto Jiyanto
Keyword(s):  
Biomass Production ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Proximate Analysis ◽  
Quality Analysis ◽  
Nutritional Content ◽  
Forage Production ◽  
Nutrient Quality ◽  
Location Determination ◽  
Plastic Bags

       Forage is a major requirement in increasing ruminant livestock production. Kuantan Singingi Regency is a district that has quite a lot of grasslands whose production and quality of forage are unknown, so this study aims to determine the production and nutritional content of forages in Kuantan Singingi Regency. This research consisted of three stages, survey (field observation and location determination), forage sampling, and nutrient quality analysis. Forage samples were taken in 4 sub-districts, namely the Districts of Central Kuantan, Sentajo Raya, Gunung Toar and Kuantan Mudik. 5 locations were taken for each sub-district, 4 points for each location were taken. The tools used for forage sampling consisted of a 0.5 x 0.5 m2 quadrant, grass shears, sickle, plastic bags of size 10 and size 2 kg, sacks, plastic ropes, and stationery. The analysis of nutrient quality using forage samples in 4 districts using proximate analysis. Forage production data and forage nutrient content were statistically analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA). The results showed that there were differences in production and nutrient content in each sub-district P<0.05. Fresh biomass production showed a significant effect of P<0.05. Fresh forage production ranged from 111.67±16.45 Kg FW/ha/day, while dry forage production ranged from 23.80±5.29 Kg to 187.04±67.35 Kg. The conclusion of this study is that the production and nutritional content of forage in Kuantan Singingi Regency is relatively low, the production of DW/ha/day is 23.80-40.35 Kg, and the CP ranges from 7.85-10.55% DW.

Komposisi Kimia dan Mikrobiologi Bumbu Instan “Soto Madura”

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 25-30
Author(s):  
Ratih Yuniastri
Keyword(s):  
Proximate Analysis ◽  
Acid Number ◽  
Nutritional Content ◽  
Storage Process ◽  
And Storage

Instant seasoning is made by mixing several ingredients and mashing it according to the desired composition. What is offered spices to enhance the flavor and aroma of these herbs. “Soto Madura” needs to be considered to determine the proper packaging and storage process. The spices are then made an analysis of the nutritional content of the spices. The spices were made repeatedly as many 3 times so the repeat data obtained. The analysis carried out includes proximate analysis, analysis of fat damage, and microbilogical content of herbs. The results of the analysis showed the instant seasoning “Soto Madura” contained water of 7,42±0,066%; ash by 1,18±0,056%; protein of 59,04±0,085%; fat 7,77±0,152%; carbohydrates 25,46±0,531%; acid number 0,507±0,035 mg/g; peroxide rate 4,063±0,066 Meg/1000g; free fat (FFA) 0,22±0,036%. For microbiological content, the content of microorganisms in the spices was 1,11x108 colonies; mold 7,9x106 colonies; and coliforn 8,6x106 colonies.

Flavonoids in seeds and grains: physiological function, agronomic importance and the genetics of biosynthesis

1998 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 415-422 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brenda Winkel Shirley
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Condensed Tannins ◽  
Physiological Function ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Flavonoid Biosynthesis ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Genetic Studies ◽  
Plant Seeds ◽  
Reproductive Structures

AbstractFlavonoids are secondary metabolites that are present at high levels in most plant seeds and grains. These compounds appear to play vital roles in defence against pathogens and predators and contribute to physiological functions such as seed maturation and dormancy. At the same time, particular subclasses of flavonoids, such as the proanthocyanidins (condensed tannins), negatively impact the use of seeds and grains in animal feed and can add undesirable qualities to food products for human consumption. This article presents an overview of investigations into the physiological and agronomic aspects of seed and grain flavonoids as well as a review of molecular genetic studies, particularly in maize,Arabidopsisand soybean, where mutants deficient in flavonoid biosynthesis provide useful tools for stydying the metabolic machinery underlying the accumulation of these compounds in reproductive structures.

Performance of weaning and post-weaned steers fed partial or complete extruded diets

1994 ◽  
Vol 1994 ◽  
pp. 72-72
Author(s):  
X. Serrano ◽  
M.D. Baucells ◽  
F. Puchal
Keyword(s):  
Animal Feed ◽  
Heat Processing ◽  
Extrusion Cooking ◽  
Feed Manufacturing ◽  
Lack Of Information ◽  
Food And Feed ◽  
Extruded Products ◽  
Dietary Treatments ◽  
Extrusion Technology ◽  
Made In

Extrusion-cooking has become a well established industrial technology with a number of food and feed applications. In addition to the usual benefits of heat processing, extrusion offers the possibility of modifying the functional properties of feed ingredients and/or of giving them a different texture (Cheftel, 1986). During the last 10-15 years significant advances have been made in the application of extrusion technology to the animal feed manufacturing. However there is a lack of information on the use of extruded products in starter diets for steers. The aim of this experiment was to evaluate the effects on the performance of weaning and post-weaned steers of the inclusion of several extruded ingredients in the diet.Thirty nine 1 to 2 week-old male friesian steers (mean body weight of 54 kg) were randomly assigned to 3 dietary treatments from outcome groups of similar initial weights.

scholarly journals Hummingbird-Leaves-Reared Black Soldier Fly Prepupae: Assessment of Nutritional and Heavy Metal Compositions

Biology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 274
Author(s):  
Giva Kuppusamy ◽  
Chee Kei Kong ◽  
Ganeswaran Chandra Segaran ◽  
Eliyarajan Tarmalingam ◽  
Max Herriman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Nutritional Content ◽  
Black Soldier Fly ◽  
Sesbania Grandiflora ◽  
Fold Reduction ◽  
Matter Basis

Black soldier fly (BSF) larva is an attractive animal feed replacer due to its noticeable nutritional content. However, the conventional rearing method often resulted in BSF with undesirably high heavy metal residues that are harmful to animals. In this work, putrefied Sesbania grandiflora (S. Grandiflora) leaves were employed as feed to rear BSF larvae. The resultant BSF prepupae were found to contain 43.5% protein and 16.7% fat, reflecting a comparable protein content and a 2-fold reduction in crude fat than those reared using conventional kitchen waste. Moreover, high quantities of arginine (25.4 g/kg dry matter basis (DM)), carnitine (32.9 g/kg DM), and short-chain fatty acids, including lauric (40.00%), palmitic (19.20%), and oleic (12.10%) acids, have also been noticed in the BSF prepupae. Furthermore, the BSF larvae have been recorded with 0.185 mg/kg chromium, 0.380 mg/kg selenium, and mercury below the detection limit, which is far lower than those reared using conventional kitchen and agricultural wastes (≈1.7 mg/kg chromium, 1.2 mg/kg selenium, and 0.2 mg/kg mercury). Overall, the study shows that the nutritional quality of BSF prepupae is extensively improved when using S. Grandiflora as their feed. The resultant BSF prepupae may serve as an alternative feed for animal rearing.

Desiccant from Cassava for Dehydration of Alcohol Vapor at Near Azeotropic Concentration

2013 ◽  
Vol 651 ◽  
pp. 126-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Panarat Rattanaphanee ◽  
Watcharapong Laha ◽  
Chontira Boonfung
Keyword(s):  
Water Adsorption ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Packed Bed ◽  
Cassava Starch ◽  
Alternative Technique ◽  
Adsorption System ◽  
Feed Manufacturing ◽  
Alcohol Vapor ◽  
Cassava Pulp

Wet cassava pulp is generated in large quantity during a production of cassava starch. Major utilization of the pulp is in animal feed manufacturing. During a period of low demand, this material could accumulate and decompose causing air pollution in areas surround the starch factories. This research used biomass desiccant prepared from cassava pulp in a bench-scale packed-bed adsorption system to study the dehydration of ethanol and n-propanol vapor at concentration near their azeotropic points. The sorption capacity was found to be 0.053 and 0.119 gwater/gdesiccant for ethanol and iso-propanol at concentration of 80 %(w/w) and 0.109 gwater/gdesiccant for n-propanol at concentration of 65 %(w/w). Alcoholic solutions with concentration higher than their aqueous azeotropic points, which could not be achieved by normal fractional distillation, were obtained in all the experiments. This study elucidates that cassava pulp could be value-added, and water adsorption using cassava-derived desiccant could be an alternative technique for production of high purity alcohols.

Production of Secondary Metabolites by Some Terverticillate Penicillia on Carbohydrate-Rich and Meat Substrates

2007 ◽  
Vol 70 (12) ◽  
pp. 2829-2836 ◽  
Author(s):  
FÉLIX NÚÑEZ ◽  
CARMEN D. WESTPHAL ◽  
ELENA BERMÚDEZ ◽  
MIGUEL A. ASENSIO
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Atmospheric Pressure Chemical Ionization ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Malt Extract Agar ◽  
Malt Extract ◽  
Active Metabolites ◽  
Penicillium Species ◽  
Meat Extract ◽  
Extract Agar ◽  
Dry Cured Ham

Most terverticillate penicillia isolated from dry-cured meat products are toxigenic, but their ability to produce hazardous metabolites on meat-based substrates is not well known. The production of extrolites by selected terverticillate penicillia isolated from dry-cured ham has been studied on carbohydrate-rich media (malt extract agar, Czapek yeast autolysate agar, rice extract agar, and rice), meat extract triolein salt agar, and ham slices. Chloroform extracts from the selected strains grown on malt extract agar were toxic for the brine shrimp (Artemia salina) larvae and VERO cells at a concentration of 2 mg/ml, but 0.02 mg/ml produced no toxic effect. Analysis by high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled with photodiode array detection (DAD) or with mass spectrometry (MS) and an atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (APCI) source revealed different biologically active metabolites: cyclopiazonic acid and rugulovasine A from Penicillium commune; verrucosidin, anacine, puberuline, verrucofortine, and viridicatols from Penicillium polonicum; arisugacin and viridicatols from Penicillium echinulatum; and compactin and viridicatols from Penicillium solitum. Most of these metabolites, including the amino acid–derived compounds, were produced in the media containing high levels of carbohydrates. High concentrations of nitrogen compounds in the medium does not imply a greater production of the metabolites studied, not even those derived from the amino acids. However, molds growing on dry-cured ham are able to synthesize limited amounts of some secondary metabolites, a fact not previously reported. The combination of HPLC coupled with DAD and MS-APCI was useful for identification of closely related terverticillate Penicillium species from dry-cured ham. These techniques could be used to characterize the risk associated with the potential production of secondary metabolites in cured meats.

Proximate Composition of the Apple Seed and Characterization of Its Oil

2007 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiuzhu Yu ◽  
Frederick R. van de Voort ◽  
Zhixi Li ◽  
Tianli Yue
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Proximate Composition ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Proximate Analysis ◽  
Apple Seed ◽  
Protein Components ◽  
Sulfur Containing ◽  
Apple Seeds

Apple seeds, a common byproduct of apple processing, have been examined for their overall proximate composition, fatty acid and amino acid composition of the lipid and protein components, respectively, as well as their key mineral constituents. Proximate analysis indicated that apple seeds are rich in oil content and protein ranging from 27.5 to 28% and 33.8 to 34.5% respectively, comparing favorably with oilseeds. GC analysis indicated high levels of linoleic acid (~49%) with the other dominant fatty acids being oleic, palmitic and stearic acids, ranging from ~39, 7 and 2% respectively. Amino acid analysis indicates that there are substantial amounts of sulfur containing amino acids in the apple seed. The apple seeds also contain significant amounts of phosphorus, potassium, magnesium, calcium and iron, in the order of 720, 650, 510, 210 and 110 mg/100g, respectively. Based on the proximate composition of the apple seeds, if adequate amounts are available as a process byproduct, apple seeds could have value-added potential as a source of edible oil, with the oil cake potentially serving as an animal feed supplement.

scholarly journals The Nutritive Value of Aquatic Plants and their Utilization in Fish and Animal Feed

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Soheir A..Bahnasy, Gamal A. Kamel, Samia E. Saaffan  
Keyword(s):  
Aquatic Plants ◽  
Water Hyacinth ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Proximate Analysis ◽  
Total Amino Acid ◽  
Fish Feed ◽  
Feed Composition ◽  
Whole Plant

Using of dried aquatic plants as daily protein to animal and fish was the topic of investigation in this study. Analyses of different plants (water hyacinth, duckweed and lotus) in Laboratory. This is to evaluate their potentials in animal and feed composition.  The proximate analysis shows that the moisture content ranged from 6.25% in the plant to 32.5% for the crude lipids, the least value of 2.5 to 5.4 in the whole plant while the percentage crude fiber ranged from 4.5 to 11.1% in the whole plant. The percentage crude protein ranged from 8.55% to 14.2 %. In the whole plant duckweed plant is conceder the  prefer plant can used as nutritive  source of animal and fish feed then water hyacinth and lotus. Total amino acid are large amount in water hyacinth than lotus and duckweed (397.638, 175.98 and 95.915 mg/g).    

scholarly journals Bacterial challenge-associated metabolic phenotypes in Hermetia illucens defining nutritional and functional benefits

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Phuc N. Ho ◽  
Poramate Klanrit ◽  
Yupa Hanboonsong ◽  
Umaporn Yordpratum ◽  
Manida Suksawat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Defense Mechanism ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Glutamate Metabolism ◽  
Nutritional Content ◽  
Bacterial Challenge ◽  
Pyruvate Metabolism ◽  
Hermetia Illucens ◽  
Metabolic Phenotypes ◽  
Organic Acids And Sugars

AbstractBlack soldier fly (BSF, Hermetia illucens) is popular for its applications in animal feed, waste management and antimicrobial peptide source. The major advantages of BSF larva include their robust immune system and high nutritional content that can be further developed into more potential agricultural and medical applications. Several strategies are now being developed to exploit their fullest capabilities and one of these is the immunity modulation using bacterial challenges. The mechanism underlying metabolic responses of BSF to different bacteria has, however, remained unclear. In the current study, entometabolomics was employed to investigate the metabolic phenoconversion in response to either Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, or combined challenges in BSF larva. We have, thus far, characterised 37 metabolites in BSF larva challenged with different bacteria with the major biochemical groups consisting of amino acids, organic acids, and sugars. The distinct defense mechanism-specific metabolic phenotypes were clearly observed. The combined challenge contributed to the most significant metabolic phenoconversion in BSF larva with the dominant metabolic phenotypes induced by S. aureus. Our study suggested that the accumulation of energy-related metabolites provided by amino acid catabolism is the principal metabolic pathway regulating the defense mechanism. Therefore, combined challenge is strongly recommended for raising BSF immunity as it remarkably triggered amino acid metabolisms including arginine and proline metabolism and alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism along with purine metabolism and pyruvate metabolism that potentially result in the production of various nutritional and functional metabolites.

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