scholarly journals Activated carbon from termite feces impregnated with silver: Preparation and evaluation of antimicrobial activity and ecotoxicity

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-24
Author(s):  
Giovanna Manesco ◽  
Carla Albertina Demarchi ◽  
Alexandre Bella Cruz ◽  
Jean Felipe Fossá Calisto ◽  
Rafael Martello ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Microbial Growth ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Chlorophyll Synthesis ◽  
Artemia Salina ◽  
Water Disinfection ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Seedling Germination ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Preparation And Evaluation

Silver has a potent antimicrobial action, but its use is still restricted due to toxicity and aggregation problems. Impregnation with active carbon (AC) has been suggested as an alternative to solve this problem. In this study, termite feces were used to prepare composites containing silver nanoparticles and AC. Reducing agents and different amounts of H2 SO4 and silver were used. Antimicrobial activity was assessed using the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and the kinetics of microbial growth of S. aureus, E. coli and C. albicans. Phytotoxicity and acute toxicity were assessed for Cucumis sativus and Artemia salina. The composites that presented MIC 500 μg/mL for S. aureus and E. coli were AC25Ag (6 μg/mL Ag) and AC25AgB (78 μg/mL Ag), respectively. AC6AgS showed antimicrobial activity in C. albicans with MIC of 500 μg/mL (23 μg/mL Ag). AC25AgB inhibited the growth of S. aureus and E. coli for 48 and 32 h, respectively. At a concentration of 10 g/L, the compounds showed deleterious effects on seedling germination and elongation and on the chlorophyll synthesis of C. sativus. The composites showed no toxicity to A. salina. Based on these results, AC25AgB has the potential to be used in water disinfection.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Activity of Allium chinense G. Don.

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 129-138
Author(s):  
Frans Grovy Naibaho ◽  
Maria Bintang ◽  
Fachriyan Hasmi Pasaribu
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Microbial Growth ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽  
Salmonella Typhi ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Allium Chinense

This study aims to analyze antimicrobial activity of Allium chinense G. Don extract against Eschericia coli, Salmonella typhi, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis and Candida albicans, and to examine the active compounds. Allium chinense G. Don was extracted using maseration method and treated with ethanol 70% (v/v), ethanol 96% (v/v), ethyl acetate, n-hexane, and aquadest. Antimicrobial activity assay was conducted using agar difusion method and compounds analysis using Gas chromatography-mass­spectrometry (GC-MS). Antimicrobial activities assay showed that all extracts could inhibit microbial growth. Ethyl acetate extract has the highest antimicrobial activity against all the microbial test. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of ethyl acetate extract against C. albicans, B. subtilis, E. coli, S. aureus, S. typhi was 25, 100, 250, 250, 1000 mg ml-1 respectively. As many as 25 compounds were derived from GC-MS analysis and most of them were known as the antimicrobial compounds. This study revealed that Allium chinense G. Don contains biologically active compunds as antimicrobial agent particularly anti Candida.

Synthesis and Structures of Halo-Substituted Aroylhydrazones with Antimicrobial Activity

2012 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
pp. 343 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mei Zhang ◽  
Dong-Mei Xian ◽  
Hai-Hua Li ◽  
Ji-Cai Zhang ◽  
Zhong-Lu You
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Diphenyl Tetrazolium Bromide

A series of new halo-substituted aroylhydrazones have been prepared and structurally characterized by elemental analysis, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and IR spectra, and single crystal X-ray diffraction. The compounds were evaluated for their antibacterial (Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas fluorescence) and antifungal (Candida albicans and Aspergillus niger) activities by the MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide) method. Among the tested compounds, N′-(2-chloro-5-nitrobenzylidene)-2-fluorobenzohydrazide showed the most effective antimicrobial activity with minimum inhibitory concentration values of 0.82, 2.5, 1.7, 15.2, and 37.5 μg mL–1 against B. subtilis, S. aureus, E. coli, P. fluorescence, and C. albicans, respectively. The biological assay indicated that the presence of the electron-withdrawing groups in the aroylhydrazones improved their antimicrobial activities.

scholarly journals Optimization of Extraction of Phenolic Compounds with Antimicrobial Properties from Origanum vulgare

Processes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 1032
Author(s):  
Taja Žitek ◽  
Dragana Borjan ◽  
Andrej Golle ◽  
Željko Knez ◽  
Maša Knez
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Supercritical Fluid Extraction ◽  
Supercritical Fluid ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Optimal Conditions ◽  
Fluid Extraction ◽  
Origanum Vulgare ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Design Expert

Oregano (Origanum vulgare) is considered to be a good and cheap source of phenolic compounds with favorable biological activities, especially antimicrobial and antioxidant properties. Hypothesis/Purpose: The current work explored the optimization of the process conditions of solid–liquid extraction from Origanum vulgare to obtain extracts with high antimicrobial activity. We investigated which parameters promoted different efficiencies, leading to the maximum extraction of phenols and the consequent highest level of biological activity. Design-Expert Pro 11 was selected to design and analyze the experiments. The extracts were obtained by maceration as a simple method to recover value-added compounds from plant material, and supercritical fluid extraction was carried out as a green method with a high selectivity to obtain the compounds of interest. Pressure, temperature, and time were varied to obtain extracts with high antioxidant and antimicrobial activity. According to the results obtained using Design-Expert, the optimal conditions for maceration were at a temperature of 83 °C. The 1,1′-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrase method was used for the determination of antioxidant potential, while microdilution methods were used to determine the antimicrobial potential with regard to Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Candida albicans. A level of antioxidant activity of 87.21% was achieved. Supercritical fluid extracts showed higher antioxidant activity at a higher temperature of 60 °C and higher pressure of 25 MPa, although the results at 40 °C and 25 MPa were similar. The lowest minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values were 0.147 mg/mL for S. aureus, 0.728 mg/mL for E. coli, and 0.311 mg/mL for C. albicans. Overall, the optimal conditions for supercritical fluid extraction were 25 MPa and 40 °C. On the other hand, amounts of 0.208 mg/mL for S. aureus, 1.031 mg/mL for E. coli and 0.872 mg/mL for C. albicans were obtained using maceration. The MIC values of extracts obtained by supercritical fluid extraction were comparable to the minimum inhibitory concentration values obtained by different conventional techniques, such as those of Clevenger and Soxhlet.

scholarly journals A PRELIMINARY STUDY ON ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF Imperata cylindrica

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-66
Author(s):  
Ahmad Fahmi Harun Ismail ◽  
Othman Abd Samah ◽  
Abubakar Sule
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Imperata Cylindrica ◽  
Diffusion Test ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Polybutylene Succinate ◽  
Inhibition Zones ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
Mic Value

Antimicrobial properties of the methanol, chloroform or polybutylene succinate (PBS) extracts of leaves and rhizome from Imperata cylindrica were investigated against five clinical isolates of bacteria, namely Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans. In disc diffusion test the three types of extracts showed varied levels of antimicrobial activity against the tested isolates, with inhibition zones ranging from 6.33 ± 0.58 to 11.67 ± 8.14 mm diameters. The highest activity was exerted by the methanol leaves extract on P. aeruginosa (11.67 ± 8.14mm) at 50 mg/ml and the least activity was exerted by both the leaves and rhizome extracts of the plant at 1mg/ml on B. subtilis, P. aeruginosa, S. aureus and E.coli (6.33 ± 0.58mm) respectively. A minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) value of 25mg/ml was obtained for the methanol, chloroform, PBS leaves or rhizome extracts on B. subtilis, P. aeruginosa, S. aureus and E. coli

scholarly journals ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF CHIVES AND GINGER EXTRACT ON ESCHERICHIA COLI AND SALMONELLA SPP. ISOLATED FROM BROILER CHICKENS

2019 ◽  
Vol 128 (3B) ◽  
Author(s):  
Phan Vu Hai ◽  
Hoang Thi Hong Van ◽  
Nguyen Van Chao ◽  
Nguyen Dinh Thuy Khuong ◽  
Thuong Thi Thanh Le ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Minimum Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
Ginger Extract ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Bactericidal Effects

The chives and ginger’s bulbs were extracted by ethanol 96%, 72%, 48% within 5, 10 and 15 days for each concentration (15, 30 and 45 days in total, respectively). The solidified extract then was used for antibacterial activity against E. coli and Salmonella spp. isolated from fecal of chickens with diarrhoea. The results showed that both ginger and chive, which socked and leached for greater than 30 days gave better antibacterial ability. Extracts diluted at concentrations of 5 µg/µl, 7.5 µg/µl and 10 µg/µl of ginger and chive bulbs are resistant to both bacteria. Compared with antibiotics, E. coli was resistant to amoxicillin, whereas Salmonella spp. was resistant to gentamicin and amoxicillin. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of chives extract (30 days) was 16-63 (31-125) mg/ml and ginger extract (30 days) was 16-80 (2-4) mg/ml; overall, the results indicated that both extract had bacteriostatic/bactericidal effects on E. coli and Salmonella spp.

scholarly journals Phytochemical screening and antimicrobial activity of extracts of Cassia alata L. leaves and seeds

2019 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 378-383
Author(s):  
P. T. Q. Le
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Disc Diffusion ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Disc Diffusion Method ◽  
Total Polyphenol ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Cassia Alata ◽  
Paper Disc

The aim of the study is to determine the presence of some bioactive compounds in Cassia alata L. leaves and seeds extracts such as tannins, saponins, anthraquinones and flavonoids. Total polyphenol contents (TPC) of leaves and seeds extracts are 59.211 mg GAE/g DW and 1.816 mg GAE/g DW, respectively, while their antioxidant capacities (AC) are 8.14 μmol Fe/g DW and 2.75 μmol Fe/g DW, respectively. The antimicrobial activity is determined by the paper disc diffusion method combined with the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). Leaves extract inhibits S. aureus and E. coli at MIC of 400 mg/mL; S. enteritidis and B. subtilis at MIC of 800 mg/mL. Besides, seeds extract also inhibits S. aureus at MIC of 200 mg/mL; E. coli, S. enteritidis and B. subtilis at MIC of 400 mg/mL. However, leaves and seeds extracts of C. alata do not show any inhibitions on the growth of A. niger. Keywords: Antibacterial activity, Antioxidant, Cassia alata L., Extract, MIC.

The Application of Antibacterial Components of Euphorbia Humifusa Willd on Silk Fabrics

2012 ◽  
Vol 441 ◽  
pp. 315-319 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lan Wu ◽  
Pei Jian Zhou ◽  
Xiao Fang Wang
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Rare Earth ◽  
Minimal Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Process Parameters ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Antibacterial Property ◽  
Silk Fabric ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Extract Concentration ◽  
Silk Fabrics

The minimal inhibitory concentration of the natural antibacterial components extracted from euphorbia humifusa willd (EHW) was investigated. The optimized fixation process and the antimicrobial activity of the treated silk fabrics were also studied. The results of the experiments indicated that the optimized fixation process parameters were extract concentration 60%, pH 4, 90°C and 60 minutes and the silk fabric had excellent antibacterial property. After 30 washing cycles the inhibitory rate of the silk fabric decreased from 100% to 61.8% and from, 89.31% to 67.86% against St.aureus and E. coli, respectively. A further treatment with rare earth improved the antibacterial durability of the silk fabric.

Antibacterial Activity of Phenyllactic acid Against Staphylococcus Epidermidis and Its Microbial Production: Modelling and Optimization-Based Analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianxiong Ye ◽  
Yuxian Chen ◽  
Guanxuan Peng ◽  
Xinwei Yang ◽  
Jianzhong Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Phenyllactic Acid ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Modelling And Optimization ◽  
Production Modelling

Abstract Phenyllactic acid (PLA), an organic acid with extensive antimicrobial activity, is considered as a promising natural preservative to replace chemical preservatives. In order to study the inhibitory pattern of PLA, this paper established a novel mathematical model for the growth of Staphylococcus epidermidis under PLA inhibition. The simulated results showed that the relationship between the antimicrobial activity of PLA against S. epidermidis and its concentration was suitable to be represented by an exponential function. Based on the proposed model, the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of PLA against S. epidermidis were evaluated. The computed results were found to match experimental data. The MBC value was found to be independent of the initial biomass of S. epidermidis from both the simulated results and experimental data, revealing that PLA was not consumed while killing the bacteria. Another kinetic model was established to describe the production of PLA by the engineered Escherichia coli. This model was then used to calculate the minimum biomass of E. coli to produce the MBC of PLA. The proposed models help to understand the inhibitory pattern of PLA, serving as a theoretical guide for the selection an appropriate strain to improve the product shelf-life.

scholarly journals In Vitro Antimicrobial Activity of Various Cefoperazone/Sulbactam Products

Antibiotics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 77
Author(s):  
Ming-Jen Sheu ◽  
Chi-Chung Chen ◽  
Ying-Chen Lu ◽  
Bo-An Su ◽  
Chun-Cheng Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
The Other ◽  
In Vitro Activity ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Carbapenem Resistant ◽  
Multidrug Resistant Organisms

This study aims to assess the in vitro activity of different samples of cefoperazone/sulbactam (CFP/SUL) against multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs). Clinical isolates of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-Escherichia coli, ESBL-Klebsiella pneumoniae, carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CR-AB), and carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (CR-PA) were collected. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and time-killing methods were used to assess and compare the in vitro activities of different samples of cefoperazone/sulbactam (CFP/SUL) against these MDROs. For ESBL-E. coli, ESBL-K. pneumoniae, and CR-PA, product C had smaller variations than product A and B (p < 0.05). For CR-AB, product B had the largest variation compared to the other two products (p < 0.05). In the time-killing studies, significant differences among the products when used at 16/16 µg/mL were noted for ESBL-E. coli, ESBL-K. pneumoniae, and CR-AB isolates. In conclusion, this study demonstrated the significantly different activity of different products of CFP/SUL against MDROs.

scholarly journals Chemical profile and antimicrobial potential of essential oils of Cymbopogon citratus (DC.) Stapf, Ocimum basilicum Linn and Aniba rosaeodora Ducke

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gustavo Oliveira Everton ◽  
Paulo Sérgio Santos Júnior ◽  
Rebecca Jemima Pereira Araújo ◽  
Aline Medeiro Ferreira ◽  
Paulo Roberto Barros Gomes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Physicochemical Parameters ◽  
Artemia Salina ◽  
Chemical Profile ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Diffusion Technique ◽  
Mueller Hinton ◽  
Major Chemical

The study evaluated the chemical profile, antimicrobial activity and toxicity of essential oils (EOs) of C. citratus, O. basilicum and A. rosaeodora. The EOs were extracted by hydrodistillation, the chemical profile was determined using the physicochemical parameters and the chemical composition was obtained by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The toxicity assay followed the Artemia salina Leach bioassay. To perform the antimicrobial activity, the Disc Diffusion technique and the Mueller Hinton Broth Dilution (MH) technique were used. The physicochemical parameters of the EOs showed satisfactory results. The major chemical composition of the EO of A. rosaeodora presented linalool (93.60%), the EO of C. citratus exhibited geranial (43.96%) and EO of O. basilicum found methyl chavicol. All EOs in this study had LC50 between 582 mg L-1 and 282 mg L-1. The antimicrobial activity of EO C. citratus demonstrated inhibition halos for S. aureus of 25 mm and 25 mm for E. coli, EO of O. basilicum exhibited inhibition halo of 18 mm for E.coli and 20 mm for S. aureus and EO of A. rosaeodora presented 11 mm for E. coli and 15 for S. aureus. As the values of MIC and MBC found, the EO of O. basilicum presented a more effective inhibitory action against S. aureus. It was concluded that the observed biological potentials encourage the application potentials in the efficiency of the control of pathogenic microorganisms.

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