scholarly journals Passive smoker during pregnancy is a risk factor of low birth weight

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 12
Author(s):  
Kanda Izzatul Aini Ardelia ◽  
Gatut Hardianto ◽  
Djohar Nuswantoro

Objectives: to analyze the relationship between passive smoker of pregnant women with low birth weight (LBW).Materials and Methods: This study is an observational analytic research with case control design, which is LBW as case group and normal birth weight as control group. The location is in Wonokusumo Health Centre, Surabaya, period January 2016 – December 2017. Study sample was 68, consisting of 34 cases and 34 controls. The dependent variable is LBW, while the inde-pendent variable is passive smoking of pregnant women. Sample was excluded multiple births and congenital defects. To determine a significant level, the data collected will be tested with the statistical test Chi-square at significance level ?=0.05.Results: The results showed that a majority (61.5%) of passive smoker of pregnant women are cases. After Chi-square test obtained by value p=0.027 (p?0,05) and OR analysis obtained by 3.04 (CI 95% 1.117 – 8.274), which means there is a relationship between passive smoker of pregnant women with LBW.Conclusion: Passive smoker of pregnant women is relationship with decreased birth weight.

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irnawati Irnawati ◽  
Mohammad Hakimi ◽  
Tunjung Wibowo

Background: Low birth weigth babies (LBW) are most likely a cause of the infant mortality and morbidity. Many factors causes LBW babies as maternal health, behavior during pregnancy, environmental  as well as fetal and placental factors. Negative behavior during pregnancy such as exposure of cigarette smoke can affect the body’s supply of oxygen from mother to fetus and placenta. Exposure to cigarette smoke may also reduce maternal folic acid level which causes disruption of fetal growth inside the womb.Objective: This study was aimed to fnd out the risk of low birth weight baby in the passive smoker pregnant woman.Method: The study used a case control design. The subject consisted of mothers who delivered at RSU dr. Zainoel Abidin in Banda Aceh municipality. The case group were mothers who delivered babies of less than 2,500 grams and the control group were those who delivered babies of 2,500 grams or more. Each group consisted of 105 mothers (1:1). Sample were taken using non probability with consecutive sampling method. Data analysis used univariable method with frequency distribution, bivariable with chi square and multivariable with logistic regression.Results: Passive smoker pregnant woman exposed the 1-10 cigarettes a day had risk 2,4 times greater of getting low birth weight baby (OR=2,42; 95%CI 1,24-4,71). Pregnant mother exposed to ≥11 cigarettes a day had the risk 3,1 times greates in having LBW infants than those not exposed (OR=3,1; 95%CI 1,50-6,70).Conclusion: Passive smoker of pregnant mother increased the risk of low birth weight babies.


2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 373
Author(s):  
Novianti Tysmala Dewi ◽  
Dhenok Widari

Background: Stunting is a nutritional problem that has a high prevalence in Indonesia. Stunting among children under two years of age has a higher risk compared to other age groups because it will permanently affect the physical and cognitive development of children in the future. Factors that can cause stunting include low birth weight and infectious diseases.Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between low birth weight and infection disease with incident of stunting among children under two years of age in Maron sub district, District of Probolinggo, East Java. Methods: This research was an observational research with case-control design. Sampling technique using multistage random sampling. the study was conducted in June until July 2018. The samples of study were 52 children (26 stunted children in case group and 26 normal growth children in control group. Data collection of infectious diseases was carried out by structured questionnaire interviews and medical records while low birth weight was obtained by looking at KIA book. Stunting was determined from measurement of children's recumbent length by metline. Data were analyzed by using chi square test for determining odds ratio. Results: The results showed that low birth weight (p=0.042; OR=0.157; 95% CI: 0.030-0.822) and infection disease (p=0.049; OR=3.071; 95% CI: 1.155-11.861) had significant relation with stunting among children under two years of age. Conclusions: Low birth weight and infection disease in the last 3 months increased the risk of 0.157 and 3.017 times stunting among children under two years of age. It is recommended for children under two years of age who have low birth weight and infectious disease should be given special attention by Integrated Health Post and there should be a monitoring related development routinely so developmental disruptions can be identified and immediately get the treatment. ABSTRAKLatar Belakang:Stunting merupakan masalah gizi yang memiliki prevalensi tinggi di Indonesia. Stunting pada baduta memiliki risiko lebih tinggi jika dibanding dengan kelompok usia lain karena akan berdampak secara permanen terhadap perkembangan fisik dan kognitif anak dimasa depan. Faktor penyebab stunting diantaranya adalah berat badan lahir rendah dan penyakit infeksi.Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk untuk menganalisis hubungan antara berat badan lahir rendah dan penyakit infeksi dengan kejadian stunting pada baduta di Desa Maron Kidul Kecamatan Maron, Kabupaten Probolinggo.Metode: Jenis penelitian menggunakan desain case-control. Sampel diambil dengan teknik sampel acak bertahap. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan Juni hingga Juli 2018. Besar sampel sebanyak 52 baduta (26 anak stunting dan 26 anak non-stunting). Pengumpulan data penyakit infeksi dilakukan dengan wawancara kuisioner terstruktur dan rekam medik sedangkan berat badan lahir rendah diperoleh dengan melihat buku KIA. Penentuan stunting baduta diperoleh melalui pengukuran panjang badan dengan metline. Data dianalisis menggunakan chi-square untuk menentukan odds ratio.Hasil:  Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ada hubungan berat badan lahir rendah (p=0.042; OR=0,157; 95% CI: 0,030-0,822), dan penyakit infeksi (p=0,049; OR=3,071; 95% CI: 1,155-11,861) dengan kejadian stunting pada baduta.  Kesimpulan:Berat badan lahir rendah dan Rerat badan lahir rendah dan dutdah diperoleh dengan melihat buku KIA. of alcohol penyakit infeksi dalam 3 bulan terakhir meningkatkan risiko sebesar 0,157 dan 3,017 kali terhadap kejadian stunting pada baduta. Disarankan untuk baduta yang memiliki masalah BBLR dan penyakit infeksi diberikan perhatian khusus oleh posyandu serta perlu dilakukan peninjauan terkait perkembangan secara rutin agar gangguan perkembangan yang mungkin terjadi dapat segera dikenali dan diatasi.


2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 66
Author(s):  
Imelda Fitri ◽  
Rizki Natia Wiji

Background: Based on neonatal nursing installation data at Arifin Achmad Regional Hospital in Riau Province, newborns with low birth weight have always been the highest cases.Objective: This study aimed to examine the effect of macronutrient status (carbohydrate, protein, fat) and gestational weight gain on pregnancy outcomes.Method: The design used in this study was case-control. The study sample was 74 respondents, the case group was 37 mothers with babies born with low birth weight and the control group was 37 mothers with babies born with normal birth weight. Macronutrient intake was collected with a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Data were analyzed by using the Chi-Square test (p<0,05).Results: Intake of low carbohydrate has 3 times risk for low birth weight (OR=3.46; 95%CI:1.25-9.47), intake of low fat has 5 times risk for low birth weight (OR=5.11; 95%CI:1.88-13.93), and intake of low protein has a 12 times risk for low birth weight (OR=12.21; 95%CI:3,97-37,94). A gestational weight gain is not following the IOM recommendations increased the risk of giving birth to a low weight baby (OR=3,96; 95%CI:1,49-10,53).Conclusion: Pregnant women with a low intake of carbohydrates, proteins, fats, and weight gain are not following the recommended increased the risk of giving birth to a low weight baby.


2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 306 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miftah Fatmawati ◽  
Rudatin Windraswara

Berat badan lahir rendah (BBLR) menjadi salah satu penyebab utama mortalitas bayi. Permasalahan yang muncul adalah apakah ada hubungan antarapaparan pestisida pada masa kehamilan dengan kejadian BBLR di daerah pertanian. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui faktor risiko yang berhubungan dengan kejadian BBLR. Penelitian ini merupakanstudi case control. Subjek dibagi menjadi dua kelompok: kelompok kasus sejumlah 25 petanidengan riwayat melahirkan BBLR dan kelompok kontrol yang merupakan tetangga dari subjek kasus tanpa riwayat melahirkan BBLR sejumlah 25 petani. Pengumpulan data penelitian ini menggunakan wawancara dan observasi. Analisis data menggunakan analisis univariat dan bivariat (chi square dan fisher sebagai alternatifnya). Faktor risiko yang terbukti berhubungan dengan kejadian BBLR antara lain: pekerjaan ibu hamil yang berkaitan dengan pestisida (OR = 6,769); kelengkapan alat pelindung diri (APD) saat beraktivitas di ladang (OR= 18,857); dan penyimpanan pestisida (OR= 12,667). Saran yang direkomendasikan adalah menghindari pekerjaan yang berkaitan langsung dengan pestisida selama masa kehamilan, jika memang harus ikut dalam kegiatan pertanian maka ibu hamil sebaiknya menggunakan APD lengkap.   Low birth weight becomes one problem that may cause infant mortality. This study aimed to find the relation between pesticide exposure during pregnancy and low birth weight. This was case control study. The subjects were divided into two groups: 25 farmers with low birth weight infants as case group, and subjects 25 farmers with normal birth weight infants wholived around the case group as control group. Data were collected with interview and observation. Data were analyzed by univariate and bivariate analysis (chi-square test and fisher test). Risk factors during pregnancy that associated with lowbirth weight were activities with pesticide during pregnancy (OR= 6,769); personal protective equipment completeness (OR= 18,857); and storage of pesticide (OR= 12,667). Recommended to pregnant farmer to avoid activity with pesticide during pregnancy. Pregnant farmer should use personal protective equipment completely when agricultural activities could not be avoided


2016 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 25
Author(s):  
Edy Marjuang Purba ◽  
Theodola Baning Rahayujati ◽  
Mohammad Hakimi

Teenage pregnancy and low birth weight infants in GunungkidulPurposeThis study aimed to determine any association between teenage pregnancy and low birth weight in Gunungkidul district.MethodThe study used a retrospective cohort design. Samples were 394 people consisting of 197 people in the case group and 197 people in the control group. Case group subjects were teenage pregnant women (<20 years), while control group subjects were adult pregnant women (≥20 years) and both groups delivered a live birth. Case group were taken from all health centers that had complete record and control group were taken using systematic random sampling.ResultsTeenage pregnancy increases the risk of low birth weight babies. Related external factors consist of chronic energy deficiency, anemia and antenatal care visits, while the level of education and hypertension were not related.ConclusionMothers suffering from less chronic energy and anemia increase the risk of giving birth to low birth weight babies, especially in teenage mothers.


2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 116
Author(s):  
Afrina Begum ◽  
Joya Sree Roy ◽  
Nilufer Sultana ◽  
Noorjahan Begum

<p><strong>Objective:</strong> The present study has been conducted to investigate the role of plasma homocysteine on neonatal birth weight.</p><p><strong>Methods:</strong> This prospective cross sectional analytical study was conducted in the inpatient department of obstetrics &amp; gynecology, Dhaka Medical College Hospital on 120 term, singleton pregnant women. Pregnant women with plasma total bomocysteine &gt;15 µmol/L were termed as having hyperhomocysteinemia (case, n = 25), while women with plasma total homocysteine ≤15 µmol/L were considered as notmal (control, n = 95). Neonatal birth weight was the main outcome variable which was compared between case and control groups. <strong></strong></p><p><strong>Result:</strong> The entire women in the case group were in their 3rd decades, while 80% of the control group were in this age range and 10% was below 20 and 10% above 30 years old. The cases were older than the controls (25.6 ± 2.0 vs. 23.7 ± 4.7 years, p = 0.051 ). Over three-quarters (76%) of the cases were SSC level educated, while majority (84.2%) of the controls was primary level educated. Eighty percent of the neonates born of mothers with hyperhomocysteinemia were of low birth weight as opposed to only 9.5% in the control group. The mothers of case-group carry nearly 40(95% of CI= 11.5 - 126.4) times higher risk of having low birth weight babies than the mothers with nonnal homocysteine level. The mean birth weight of neonates of case group was observed to be significantly higher (2.8 ± 0.4 kg) than that of control group (2.2 ± 0.4 kg). Correlation between the two variables shows that as plasma homocysteine level of women increases the birth weight of neonates decreases bearing an inverse relationship between these two variables (r = - 0.326, p &lt; 0.001 ). <strong></strong></p><p><strong>Conclusion:</strong> Pregnant women with elevated plasma total homocysteine carry much higher risk of giving low birth weight babies than the women with normal or low level of total homocysteine. Thus, measuring total homcysteine during pregnancy is of much clinical importance as corrective measure could be taken to avert the adverse pregnancy outcome.</p>


2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 95
Author(s):  
Hetriana Leksananingsih ◽  
Slamet Iskandar ◽  
Tri Siswati

Background: Riskesdas in 2013 showed that Yogyakarta (DIY) had a prevalence of stunted new kid in school is less than the national average, which is 14.9% (MOH, 2013). Stunted or short, is a linear growth retardation has been widely used as an indicator to measure the nutritional status of individuals and community groups. Stunted can be influenced by several factors: birth weight, birth length match and genetic factors. Objective: To determine the weight, length of low birth weight and genetic factors as predictors of the occurrence of stunted on elementary school children. Methods: The study was a case control analytic. Research sites in SD Muhammadiyah Ngijon 1 Subdistrict Moyudan. The study was conducted in May and June 2015. The subjects were school children grade 1 to grade 5 the number of cases as many as 47 children and 94 control children. With the inclusion criteria of research subjects willing to become respondents, was present at the time of the study, they have a father and mother, and exclusion criteria have no data BB and PB birth, can not stand upright. The research variables are BBL, PBL, genetic factors and TB / U at this time. Data were analyzed by chi-square test and Odd Ratio (OR) calculation. Results: In case group as much as 91.5% of normal birth weight and length of 80.9% of normal birth weight, most of the height of a normal mother and father as many as 85.1%. In the control group as much as 78.7% of normal birth weight and 61.7% were born normal body length, height mostly normal mom and dad that 96.7% of women and 90.4% normal normal father. Statistical test result is no significant correlation between height mothers with stunted incidence in school children, and the results of chi-square test P = 0.026 with value Odd Ratio (OR) of 3.9 and a range of values from 1.091 to 14.214 Cl95%. Conclusion: High maternal body of mothers can be used as predictors of the occurrence of stunted school children and mothers with stunted nutritional status have 3.9 times the risk of having children with stunted nutritional status.


2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-35
Author(s):  
KHartina Burhan ◽  
Dahliah Dahliah ◽  
Nevi Sulvita Karsa

In 2011, there were 32.4 million pregnant women aged 15-49 years in the world experiencing anemia. Data (WHO 2011) shows that around (30%) pregnant women in Indonesia experience anemia. This figure is higher compared to some other countries in Southeast Asia such as Malaysia (27%), Singapore (28%), and Vietnam (23%). This study aims to determine the relationship of anemia in pregnant women with the incidence of low birth weight babies (LBW) in the Mother and Child Hospital Sitti Khadijah 1 Makassar in 2018. Research conducted is descriptive analytic using cross sectional method in which a study, variables including risk factors and variables including effects are observed at once at the same time. Based on data from 70 pregnant women who have anemia, there are 66 pregnant women classified as mild anemia (94.3%) and 4 pregnant women with moderate anemia category (5.7%). Of the 23 pregnant women who gave birth to LBW babies were categorized into mild anemia as many as 22 (31.4%) and moderate anemia as much as 1 (1.42%). Based on the chi-square statistical test results obtained p value> 0.05 (p = 0.601) which means there is no significant relationship between anemia in pregnant women with the incidence of low birth weight in the Mother and Child Hospital Sitti Khadijah 1 Makassar in 2018.


2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 58-62
Author(s):  
Mardiaturrahmah Mardiaturrahmah ◽  
Anjarwati Anjarwati

The maternal mortality rate is 19,500 to 20,000 people every year or occurs every 26-27 minutes. The caus of maternal death is bleeding 30.5%, infection 22,5%, gestosis 17,5 and anesthesia 2%.  The infant mortality rate is around 10,000 to 280,000 per 18-20 minutes. The cause of infant mortality is due to Low Birth Weight (LBW) of 15/1000%.  The infant mortality rate in Indonesia is still the highest problem in other ASEAN countries. The infant mortality rate in Indonesia from 2008 was around 248 per 100,000 live births. Basic Health Research (RISKESDA) 2013 shows there are still 10,2% of babies with LBW, which is less than 2,500 grams. Neonatal death because LBW is basically affected by the nutritional status of pregnant women. This study aims to determine the relationship between the nutritional status of pregnant women and the  incidence  of  LBW. This  quantitative  research  uses  a  case  control  approach  using  a  retrospective approach. The population in this study were mothers who had given birth to babies during the last two years (2016-2017). The sampling technique uses total sampling for control cases by using a ratio of 1: 1 for the case group of 40: 40 samples. Analysis using Chi Square with p value 0,000 (OR=3,500, CI 95%=2,313-5,296). There is a relationship between nutritional status of pregnant women and the incidence of LBW. Health Technology Assessment (HTA) which can seek 1000 first day of life can be a breakthrough in assessing and providing interventions of nutrition in families, especially in pregnant women.


2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 331
Author(s):  
Dwi Putri Rahayu Tampubolon ◽  
Lilik Herawati ◽  
Ernawati Ernawati

Abstrak Latar Belakang : Preeklampsia tetap menempati peringkat pertama sebagai penyebab tingginya Angka Kematian Ibu (AKI) di Surabaya dari tahun 2013-2017 sebesar 28.92 %. Tingginya angka preeklampsia bisa dicegah dengan dilakukannya skrining preeklampsia yang mudah dilakukan pada trimester I dan II yaitu dengan dilakukannya skrining Mean Arterial Presure (MAP), Roll Over Test (ROT), Indeks Masa Tubuh (IMT) di fasilitas kesehatan dasar. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hubungan antara Skrining Preeklampsia (MAP, ROT, IMT) yang dilakukan pada ibu hamil trimester I dan trimester II serta kejadian preeklampsia. Metode : Penelitian ini adalah penelitian Retrospektif, Case Control dengan sampel pada kelompok kasus yaitu pasien preeklampsia pada saat trimester I dan II yang dilakukan skrining preeklampsia sedangkan untuk kelompok kontrol, ibu hamil normal yang juga dilakukan skrining preeklampsia pada trimester I dan II. Hasil : Didapatkan besar sampel 189 ibu hamil dengan preeklampsia selama 1 tahun, pengambilan sampel dengan teknik consecutive sampling. Hasil pemeriksaan diperoleh pada kelompok kasus didapatkan pasien dengan MAP (+), ROT (+), IMT (+) berturut-turut adalah 43 (95.6 %), 18 (40 %) dan 18 (40 %), sedangkan pada kelompok kontrol diperoleh hasil 18 (40 %) sampel MAP (+), 26 (57.8 %) ROT (+), 5 (11.1 %) IMT (+). Hasil uji statistik Chi Square menunjukan adanya hubungan signifikan antara skrining MAP dan IMT dengan kejadian preeklampsia dengan nilai p berturut-turut (p 0.0001, OR = 32.250 dan p 0.002, OR = 5.333 ), namun tidak didapatkan hubungan antara skrining ROT dengan kejadian preeklampsia (p 0.092 OR = 0.487). Didapatkan hubungan ketiga skrining (MAP, ROT, IMT) dengan kejadian preeklampsia (p 0.001, OR 4.529). Kesimpulan : Pasien MAP (+) dan IMT (+) mempunyai resiko sebesar 32 kali dan 5 kali pada preeklampsia. Skrining ROT (+) tidak mempunyai hubungan dengan kejadian preeklampsia.AbstractBackground: Preeclampsia still ranks first as the cause of the high Maternal Mortality Rate (MMR) in Surabaya from 2013-2017 at 28.92%. The high rate of preeclampsia can be prevented by conducting pre-eclampsia screening that is easy to do in the first and second trimesters by doing Mean Arterial Presure (MAP) screening, Roll Over Test (ROT), Body Mass Index (BMI) in basic health facilities. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between Preeclampsia Screening (MAP, ROT, BMI) performed in first trimester and second trimester pregnant women and the incidence of preeclampsia. Methods : This study was a retrospective study, case control with samples in the case group, namely preeclampsia patients during the first and second trimesters of preeclampsia screening, while for the control group, normal pregnant women who were also screened for preeclampsia in the first and second trimester. Results There was a sample of 189 pregnant women with preeclampsia for 1 year, taking samples by consecutive sampling technique. The results of the examination were obtained in the case group obtained patients with MAP (+), ROT (+), BMI (+) respectively 43 (95.6%), 18 (40%) and 18 (40%), while in the control group obtained results of 18 (40%) samples of MAP (+), 26 (57.8%) ROT (+), 5 (11.1%) BMI (+). The Chi Square statistical test results showed a significant relationship between MAP and BMI screening with the incidence of preeclampsia with p values in a row (p 0.0001, OR = 32,250 and p 0.002, OR = 5,333), but no association between ROT screening and the incidence of preeclampsia ( p 0.092 OR = 0.487). Obtained the third screening relationship (MAP, ROT, BMI) with the incidence of preeclampsia (p 0.001, OR 4,529). Conclusion: MAP (+) and BMI (+) patients have 32 times and 5 times higher risk of preeclampsia. Screening for ROT (+) has no relationship with the incidence of preeclampsia.


Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document