scholarly journals INHIBITORY ACTIVITY OF ULIN BARK (Eusideroxylon zwageri) EXTRACT TO Lactobacillus acidophilus

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 117
Author(s):  
Ina Rezki Rahmasari ◽  
I Wayan Arya Krishnawan Firdaus ◽  
Renie Kumala Dewi
Keyword(s):  
Lactobacillus Acidophilus ◽  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Chlorhexidine Digluconate ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Eusideroxylon Zwageri

Background: Lactobacillus acidophilus is a bacterium  which plays a role in dental caries. It is believed as a pioneering bacterium in advanced caries and much likely to be isolated in dentin caries zone, resulting in the needed for tooth restoration. The use of 2% Chlorhexidine digluconate as cavity cleanser is recommended as an effort to prevent seconday caries but can cause side effects. One of the natural materials that can be used as a cavity cleanser is ulin bark extract (Eusideroxylon zwageri), a traditional medicine originally from Kalimantan, because it contains phenolic, flavonoid, tannin, alkaloid, saponin and terpenoid. Purpose: To discover the inhibitory activity of ulin bark extract on Lactobacillus acidophilus growth. Methods:  This was a true experimental laboratory and post test only with control group design, that used 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, 100% concentrations of ulin bark extracts and  K(+) 2% Chlorhexidine digluconate. Difussion method was used to test inhibitory activity with 6 treatment groups and 4 replications, comprising a total of 24 samples. All groups were incubated for 24 hours at 37ºC temperature. The inhibition zone was measured using calipers. Results: The 20%, 40%, 60%, 80% and 100% concentration of ulin bark extracts and 2% Chlorhexidine digluconate had an average inhibition zone of 7.17 mm, 9.02 mm, 11.14 mm, 13.06 mm, 15.17 mm and 19.22 mm. One Way ANOVA and Post Hoc Bonferroni tests showed significant difference between all groups. Conclusion: Ulin bark extract can inhibit Lactobacillus acidophilus growth starting from 20%, 40%, 60%, 80% and 100% concentration.

scholarly journals The Antibacterial Effect of Ethanol Edamame Seeds (Glycine Max (L) Merril) Extract to E.coli Bacteria

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 137
Author(s):  
Diayu Putri Akhita ◽  
Edy Junaidi ◽  
Septa Surya Wahyudi
Keyword(s):  
Average Diameter ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Test ◽  
The Times

Abstract Infectious diseases can occur in all parts of the body. One of the causes infection in humans is Eschericiae coli bacteria. Eschericiae coli is a rod-shaped bacteria, a gram negative bacteria, facultative aerobics and classified family member of Enterobacteriaceae from the Gammaproteobacteria class. Along the times, E.coli bacteria have resistent to some antibiotics. So we need a new alternative. There is a antibacterial substance in the isoflavon group contained in edamame. Genistein is a main isoflavon in edamame that have antiinflammation, antibacterial, and antioxidant effects. The purpose of this study was to determine is there any antibacterial effects in ethanol edamame seeds extract to E.coli bacteria. This study used a true experimental research design in vitro with a post test only control group design.  The average diameter results of the inhibition zone were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis method and obtained p = 0.001 which means there are significant differences in at least two groups. After that, the Mann Whitney post hoc test was conducted and a significant difference was found in the positive and negative control groups for all groups but there was no difference in the treatment group, both groups K1, K2 and K3 for all groups. Keywords : Edamame, Antibacterial, E.coli

scholarly journals The Difference of Antibacterial Power Between Cocoa Peel (Theobroma cacao) Extract 6% Compared to NaOCL 5% Againts Lactobacillus acidophilus

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 67
Author(s):  
Tamara Yuanita ◽  
Dian Agustin Wahjuningrum ◽  
Mega Selvia
Keyword(s):  
Lactobacillus Acidophilus ◽  
Average Diameter ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Post Test ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Peel Extract

Background: Lactobacillus acidophilus is a gram-positive rod-shaped bacteria which mostly causes chronic caries lesions. In the process of cavity preparation it is reported that it is not possible to remove all microorganisms and even bacteria can survive even after removal of the necrotic tissue. Efforts to stop the growth of these bacteria are by chemical cavity cleanser using a 5% NaOCl, but this material have disadvantages including irritating periradicular tissue, unpleasant odor, and toxicity. Due to its disadvantages, it is hoped that natural ingredients can be used as alternatives. Cocoa peel extract has active compounds of tannins, flavonoids, alkaloids, terpenoids, and saponins which have antibacterial ability with a concentration of 6% according to the non-toxic minimum kill concentration of Lactobacillus acidophilus. Purpose: To analyze the difference in antibacterial power between the extract of cocoa bark with a concentration of 6% compared to 5% NaOCl against Lactobacillus acidophilus. Methods: This study was a laboratory experimental in vitro with a post test-only control group design. Using diffusion method against Lactobacillus acidophilus grown in tubes containing BHIB, then cultured in a petridish which contains a nutrient agar and is divided into 2 parts extract cocoa peel extract 6% and NaOCl 5%, then each petridish given a paper disc that has been poured 10μl by each material, then incubated inthe incubator for 2x24 hours at 37oC and observe the diameter of the inhibition zone formed using a caliper. Results: The average diameter of the inhibition zone formed in the 6% cocoa peel extract was 11.8375 mm and NaOCl 5% was 26.0344 mm against Lactobacillus acidophilus. Conclusion: There is a difference in antibacterial power between 6% cocoa peel extract and 5% NaOCl against Lactobacillus acidophilus.

scholarly journals THE EFFECT OF ULIN (Eusideroxylon zwageri) STEM BARK EXTRACT ON THE GROWTH OF Candida albicans ON ACRYLIC RESIN DENTURE PLATES

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 31
Author(s):  
Annisa Fitri Yuniar ◽  
I Wayan Arya Krishnawan Firdaus ◽  
Rahmad Arifin
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Acrylic Resin ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Chlorhexidine Gluconate ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Stem Bark Extract ◽  
Eusideroxylon Zwageri

ABSTRACTBackground: Candida albicans is the main microorganism that causes denture stomatitis, thus denture soaking in cleansing solution is needed to protect them from Candida albicans contamination. The 0.2% Chlorhexidine gluconate is one of denture cleansers that induce side effects at prolonged use. An alternative ingredient that can be used as a denture cleanser is ulin stem bark extract. Objective: To determine the effect of ulin stem bark extract at 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, 100% concentration on the growth of Candida albicans on acrylic resin denture plates. Method: True Experimental with post-test only with control group design was employed under 7 treatment groups consisting ulin stem bark extract at 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, 100% concentration, 0.2% Chlorhexidine gluconate, and aquadest in a total of 28 samples. Acrylic resin samples that had been exposed to Candida albicans weresoaked in respective treatment for 15 minutes. Results: The average of Candida albicans colonies on acrylic resin denture plates after soaking in ulin bark extract at 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, 100% concentration, 0.2% Chlorhexidine gluconate, and aquadest were 29.5 CFU/ml, 13.0 CFU/ml, 0 CFU/ml, 0 CFU/ml, 0 CFU/ml, 0 CFU/ml, and 155 CFU/ml. Based on Mann Whitney test, there was no significant difference when ulin stem bark extract at 60% concentration was compared to 0.2% Chlorhexidine gluoconate. Conclusion: Ulin stem bark extract at 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, and 100% concentration have been proven to reduce Candida albicans colonies on acrylic resin denture plates, and the 60% concentration is equivalent to 0.2% Chlorhexidine gluconate.Keywords: Candida albicans,Eusideroxylon zwageri, Heat cured acrylic resin. Ulin stem bark extract.

PERBANDINGAN KEMAMPUAN KOMUNIKASI MATEMATIS SISWA YANG MENGGUNAKAN METODE SILIH TANYA BERBANTUAN KARTU MODEL DAN METODE MAKE A MATCH

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 32
Author(s):  
Ahmad Farham Majid ◽  
Ismail Ismail ◽  
Mardhiah Mardhiah ◽  
Fitriani Nur
Keyword(s):  
Total Sample ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Match Method ◽  
Mathematical Communication ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Purposive Sampling ◽  
Group Design ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Quasi Experimental

AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kemampuan komunikasi matematis siswa yang menggunakan metode silih tanya berbantuan kartu model dan metode make a match. Jenis penelitian ini adalah quasi eksperimen dengan desain penelitian non equivalent pretest-posttest control group design. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa kelas VII SMPN 4 Sungguminasa Kab. Gowa berjumlah 351 siswa dan total sampel berjumlah 64 siswa dengan teknik pengambilan sampel purposive sampling. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah tes yang terdiri dari pretest dan posttest dan non tes berupa lembar observasi. Berdasarkan hasil analisis data nilai siswa menggunakan statistik deskriptif rata-rata nilai kemampuan komunikasi matematis siswa yang diajar menggunakan metode silih tanya berbantuan kartu model adalah 86,84 dengan kategori sedang dan yang diajar menggunakan metode make a match adalah 77,78 dengan kategori sedang. Berdasarkan analisis statistik inferensial bahwa terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan antara kemampuan komunikasi matematis siswa yang menggunakan metode silih tanya berbantuan kartu model dengan yang menggunakan metode make a match pada kelas VII SMPN 4 Sungguminasa Kab. Gowa. AbstractThis study aims to determine the mathematical communication ability of students who use card-assisted questions method and make a match method. This type of research is a quasi-experimental research with nonequivalent pretest-posttest control group design. The population in this study were all VII grade students of SMPN 4 Sungguminasa, Gowa Regency with 351 students and a total sample of 64 students with purposive sampling techniques. The instrument used in this study was a test consisting of pre-test and post-test and non-test that is observation sheet. Based on the data analysis results that average the value of students’ mathematical communication skills who were taught using the card-assisted questions was 86.84 in the medium category and those who taught using make a match method were 77.78 in the medium category. The results of inferential statistical analysis that there is a significant difference between the mathematical communication abilities of students who use card-assisted questions and using the make a match method in class VII of SMPN 4 Sungguminasa, Gowa Regency.

The effect of patience training on university students’ patience and life satisfaction levels

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 712-719
Author(s):  
Ayşe Eliüşük Bülbül ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
University Students ◽  
Wilcoxon Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Satisfaction Scale ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Test ◽  
And Control ◽  
Experimental Group

The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of the "patience training program" on the patience and life satisfaction levels of university students. The study was organized as a pre-test, post-test experiment and control group design. For a total of 30 students from which were 17 in the control group and 17 in the experimental group, patience training was given for 5 weeks. The "Patient Scale" developed by Schnitker (2010) and adapted to Turkish by Eliüşük and Arslan (2016) and the "Life Satisfaction Scale" developed by Diener, Emmons, Larsen and Griffin (1985) and adapted to Turkish by Dağlı and Baysal (2016) were used as a data collection tool in the study. The "Wilcoxon" test was used for the comparison of in-group differences in the analysis of obtained data and the "Mann-Whitney U" test was used in examining the differences between the two groups. As a result of the study, it was observed that the patience and life satisfaction average scores of students in the experimental group receiving "patience training" increased significantly, while there was no significant difference in the patience and life satisfaction averages scores of the control group students.

scholarly journals EFFECTIVITY ANTIBACTERIAL ZINC OXIDE EUGENOL WITH ZINC OXIDE PROPOLIS FOR ENDODONTIC TREATMENT IN PRIMARY TEETH

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 113
Author(s):  
Erwid Fatchur Rahman ◽  
Sandy Christiono
Keyword(s):  
Zinc Oxide ◽  
Enterococcus Faecalis ◽  
Agar Plate ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Blood Agar Plate ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Normality Test ◽  
Zinc Oxide Eugenol ◽  
Post Test

Background: Enterococcus faecalis is generally found on the failure of root canal treatments. Zinc oxide propolis is believed to have an antibacterial effect on that bacteria. This research aimed to compare bacteriostatic effect of zinc oxide eugenol (ZOE) and zinc oxide propolis (ZOP) as the sealer materials of root canal.Method: This was an experimental research with post-test only control group design with two different groups (ZOE and ZOP). Culture of Enterococcus faecalis bacteria was smeared on Blood Agar Plate media with six times replication per group and kept inside incubator for 24 hours. The result was obtained from the inhibition zone formed around the pasta.Result: The average result of ZOE and ZOP was 27.7 mm and 13.45 mm respectively. Normality test using Shapiro-Wilks showed that data was normal (p>0.05). Then, the data was analysed using Independent Samples T-test. The result showed that there was different inhibition zone between ZOE group and ZOP group (p<0.05).Conclusion: Based on the result, it can be concluded that ZOP has lower antibacterial effectiveness of the Enterococcus faecalis than ZOE.

scholarly journals USING SOCIOGRAM TO IMPROVE THE WRITING AND SPEAKING ACHIEVEMENTS OF THE EIGHT GRADE STUDENTS OF SMPN 1 JARAI

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 269
Author(s):  
Yoga Pratama
Keyword(s):  
Eighth Grade ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Eighth Grade Students ◽  
Post Test ◽  
And Control ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Test Control

The objectives of this study were to find out whether or not there was significant improvement in writing and speaking achievements of the eighth grade students of SMPN1 Jarai after they were taught by using Sociogram, to find out whether or not there was significant improvement in each aspect of writing and speaking achievements of the eighth grade students of SMPN1 Jarai after they were taught by using Sociogram, to find out whether or not there was significant difference in writing and speaking achievements between the eighth grade students of SMP 1 Jarai who were taught by using Sociogram and those who were not, and to find out the perception of the eighth grade students of SMPN 1 Jarai after they were taught by using Socoiogram. In this paper, an experimental research method with pre and post test control group design was used with 70 students as the sample divided into two groups, experimental and control group. However, only the students of the experimental group were taught by using Sociogram. The obtained data were analyzed by using t-test. The students were given questionnaire to know their perceptions. The result showed that there was a significant difference in both students? writing and speaking achievements after they were tought by using Sociogram. Furthermore, it was found that there was a significant difference in students? writing and speaking achievement between the experimental and control groups. In conclusion, Sociogram improves the students? writing and speaking achievements.

scholarly journals Efektivitas ekstrak kulit kayu rambutan (Nephelium lappaceum L.) terhadap Candida albicansThe effectiveness of rambutan (Nephelium lappaceum L.) bark extract on the growth of Candida albicans

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 139
Author(s):  
Masdelina Nasution ◽  
Minasari Nasution ◽  
Mirza Hasibuan ◽  
Yumi Lindawati
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Group Design ◽  
Nephelium Lappaceum ◽  
Post Test

Pendahuluan: Ekstrak kulit kayu rambutan memiliki senyawa aktif yang digunakan sebagai  antijamur terutama pada Candida albicans. Candida albicans pada rongga mulut dapat menyebabkan kandidiasis lidah. Salah satu faktor predisposisi yang memicu kandidiasis adalah terganggunya ekologi mulut atau perubahan mikrobiologi mulut karena pemakaian antibiotika dalam waktu yang lama oleh karena itu diperlukan antibiotik berbahan herbal yang dapat digunakan secara topikal. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui efektivitas daya hambat ekstrak kulit kayu rambutan terhadap pertumbuhan Candida albicans pada konsentrasi 80%, 40%, 20%,10%, konsentrasi minimum daya hambat (KHM) dan daya bunuh (KBM) ekstrak kulit kayu rambutan terhadap Candida albicans. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan eksperimental laboratoris dengan rancangan penelitian post test only control group design. Sampel yang digunakan adalah Candida albicans yang diisolasi dari penderita kandidiasis lidah dan dibiakkan di Laboratorium Mikrobiologi RS USU. Pengujian efektivitas ekstrak kulit kayu rambutan terhadap pertumbuhan Candida albicans dengan metode dilusi dan difusi, ekstrak kulit kayu rambutan dibuat dengan teknik maserasi menggunakan pelarut etanol 70% dengan berbagai konsentrasi (80%, 40%, 20% dan 10%). Hasil: uji Kruskal- Wallis menunjukkan perbedaan zona hambat yang signifikan pada beberapa konsentrasi. KHM Ekstrak kulit kayu rambutan diperoleh 20%, dan KBM 40%. Simpulan: bahwa ekstrak kulit kayu rambutan memiliki efektivitas antijamur terhadap Candida albicans.Kata kunci: kulit kayu rambutan, KHM, KBM, Zona hambat, Candida albicans.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Model SFAE Berorientasi Tri Hita Karana Terhadap Hasil Belajar IPA

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 202
Author(s):  
I G. N. Pt. Adi Laksana Putra
Keyword(s):  
Primary Schools ◽  
Science Achievement ◽  
Fifth Graders ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Test ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Academic Year ◽  
Experimental Group

This study aimed at investigating the effect of Student Facilitator and Explaining (SFAE) technique based on Tri Hita Karana towards students’ science achievement in fifth grade of Buleleng district primary schools cluster XV academic year 2017/2018. This study was an experimental study utilizing non-equivalent post-test only control group design. The population of this study was fifth graders of Buleleng district primary schools cluster XV and the sample of this study was fifth graders of SD Negeri 2 Kalibukbuk as the experimental group and fifth graders of SD Negeri 3 Anturan as the control group. The data collection was utilizing instrument in the form objective test. Then, the obtained data was analysis using both descriptive and inferential (t-test) statistical analysis. The result showed that there was a difference of mean score between both groups. The mean score for experimental group was 23,12 while the mean score for control group was 16,21. Furthermore, hypothesis testing showed that tobs>tcv (tobs=6,821 > tcv=1,99962). Based on the result of the study, it can be concluded that there was a significant difference on students’ science achievement between the students taught using Student Facilitator and Explaining (SFAE) technique based on Tri Hita Karana and the students taught without Student Facilitator and Explaining (SFAE) technique based on Tri Hita Karana at fifth graders of Buleleng district primary schools cluster XV academic year 2017/2018

scholarly journals Is Training Effective to Develop Individual’s Soft Skills in Organizations? Emphatic Communication Training on Friendly and Helpful Behavior in Private Hospital

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-13
Author(s):  
Ferdinand Hindiarto ◽  
Rahmat Hidayat ◽  
Bagus Riyono
Keyword(s):  
Management Practices ◽  
Private Hospital ◽  
Soft Skills ◽  
Skill Training ◽  
Communication Training ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Experimental Group

Background: Training is a common activity done in HR management practices. However, previous studies on the effectiveness of trainings show inconsistent results, in particular, on developing soft skills. Theoretically, achieving effectiveness is more difficult compared to hard skill training. Objectives: This study is aimed at examining whether training is effective to develop individual’s competencies in an organization, especially in the area of soft skills. Methods: This research uses experimental method by The Untreated Control Group Design with Pre-Post-Test. The study was conducted at a private hospital X in Semarang city. The participants of this study comprised of 496 subjects, which were divided into experimental and control groups. The intervention given to the experimental group was empathic communication training which is aimed at building sumeh (friendly) and nulungan (helpful) behavior, as the actualization of organizational values. The measurement of friendly and helpful behavior was done before and after the intervention, that was by post-test 1 and post-test 2. Results: There was a significant difference between the scores of pre-test and post-test 1 and there was no difference between the scores of post-test 1 and post-test 2 for experimental group. For the control group, there was no difference either between the scores of pre-test and post-test 1 or between post-test 1 and post-test 2. Conclusion: Emphatic communication training is effective to develop friendly and helpful behavior, where both of the behaviors are included in soft skills category.

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