scholarly journals The Hepatotoxic and Nephrotoxic Effects of Purwoceng (Pimpinella pruatjan Molk.) Roots Ethanol Extract Administration in Subchronic Dose

Molekul ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 163
Author(s):  
Fitranto Arjadi ◽  
Nur Signa Aini Gumilas ◽  
Ika Murti Harini ◽  
Vitasari Indriani ◽  
Lantip Rujito
Keyword(s):  
Dose Level ◽  
Rattus Norvegicus ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Serum Glutamic Pyruvic Transaminase ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Wistar Strain ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Purwoceng (Pimpinella pruatjan Molk) is an original Indonesian herb which is known to have an aphrodisiac effect. The active compounds in Purwoceng potentially have hepatotoxic and nephrotoxic effects.This study was aimed to analyze the effect of subchronic administration of Purwoceng roots ethanol extract to Wistar Strain of Rattus norvegicus rats. The method of this subchronic toxicity study was an experimental post test only with control group design. Forty male Rattus norvegicus were randomly divided into four groups and get 28-days treatment. Group A as control received aquadest and 1% CMC (carboxymethyl cellulose), group B, C, and D were given Purwoceng roots ethanol extract of 42, 84, and 168 mg/KgBW/day and 1% CMC. Parameters tested were the levels of urea, creatinine, SGPT (serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase), SGOT(serum oxaloacetic pyruvic transaminase), kidney and hepar histopatology.The results showed a statistically significant for the liver histopathological in group B, creatinine, urea, and kidney histopathology  in group C. Our study concluded that subchronic administration of Purwoceng (Pimpinella pruatjan Molk) roots ethanol extract could induce hepatotoxicity at the 42 mg/KgBW/day dose level and nephrotoxicity at the 84 mg/KgBW/day dose level.

scholarly journals Dosis Efektif Enoxaparin dalam Mencegah Terjadinya Trombosis pada Anastomosis Arteri Femoralis Tikus

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 34
Author(s):  
I Made Suka Adnyana ◽  
Iswinarno Doso Saputro
Keyword(s):  
Free Flap ◽  
Rattus Norvegicus ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Group Design ◽  
Wistar Strain ◽  
Post Test

Tujuan: untuk mengetahui dosis efektif enoxaparin dalam mencegah terjadinya trombosis pada anastomosis mikrovaskular. Metode: penelitian ini bersifat eksperimental dengan rancangan the randomized post test only control group design. Terdapat 33 tikus jantan Rattus norvegicus Wistar strain yang dikelompokkan menjadi tiga perlakuan yaitu perlakuan A (enoxaparin 0,75 mg/kg), B (enoxaparin 1  mg/kg), dan C (kontrol). Tuck model anastomosis dilakukan pada arteri femoralis, kemudian luas trombus yang terjadi pada pembuluh darah dibandingkan dengan diameter lumen pembuluh darah diukur dengan graticule lens dan dinyatakan dalam persen. Hasil: trombus terbentuk pada semua subyek penelitian baik pada kelompok perlakuan maupun kontrol. Rerata persentase luas trombus pada kelompok enoxaparin 0,75 mg/kg adalah 24,3%, enoxaparin 1 mg/kg sebesar 19,8% dan kelompok NaCl 0,9% sebesar 79,4%. Terdapat perbedaan antara perlakuan pemberian enoxaparin dosis 0,75 mg/kg dan 1 mg/kg dengan kontrol, namun tidak ada perbedaan bermakna rerata persentase luas trombus diantara kelompok enoxaparin dosis 0,75 mg/kg dan dosis 1 mg/kg (p=0,624). Perlu dilakukan penelitian secara klinis guna melihat efektivitas enoxaparin dalam meningkatkan patensi anastomosis pada free flap maupun replantasi. Simpulan: pemberian enoxaparin dosis 0,75 mg/kg dan enoxaparin dosis 1 mg/kg secara subkutan efektif mengurangi persentase luas trombus pada anastomosis arteri femoralis tikus. Tidak terdapat perbedaan efektivitas yang bermakna dalam mengurangi persentase luas trombus pada anastomosis arteri femoralis tikus setelah diberikan dosis enoxaparin 0,75 mg/kg dan 1 mg/kg secara subkutan.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF CHEWING MARSHMALLOW CONTAINING BETEL CHEW IN REDUCING STREPTOCOCCUS MUTANS AND PLAQUE INDEX ON CHILDREN

2019 ◽  
pp. 83-86
Author(s):  
RINDIT PAMBAYUN ◽  
ADE PUTRI ◽  
MEIDY TRI YUDA ◽  
SITI RUSDIANA PUSPA DEWI ◽  
TRI WARDANI WIDOWATI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Plaque Index ◽  
Chemistry Laboratory ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Islamic School ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Objective: Marshmallow is a soft candy loved by all levels of society, especially children. Sucrose contained in marshmallow increases the growth of Streptococcus mutans and plaque. Betel chew as Indonesian traditional plants add in marshmallow was believed to decrease S. mutans and plaque. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of chewing marshmallow containing betel chew in reducing S. mutans and plaque index in children. Methods: This research was a quasi-experimental with pre-test and post-test control group design. It was conducted in the Laboratory of Agricultural Chemistry, Laboratory of Agricultural Technology Department, and Islamic School of Al-Amalul Khair. Thirty students were divided into two groups. Group A was chewing marshmallow without betel chew and Group B was chewing marshmallow containing betel chew. Results: The results showed that chewing marshmallow without betel chew increased the growth of S. mutans and plaque index significantly. Chewing marshmallow without betel chew inhibited the growth of S. mutans and dental plaque formation. Conclusion: Chewing marshmallow containing betel chew reduces S. mutans and plaque index on children.

scholarly journals EFEK EKSTRAK ETHANOL DAUN KELOR (MORINGA OLEIFERA) TERHADAP PROTEKSI FUNGSI HATI DAN HISTOPATOLOGI TIKUS PUTIH (RATTUS NORVEGICUS) YANG DIINDUKSI KARBONTETRAKLORIDA (CCL4)

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 177-185
Author(s):  
Siti Hardiyanti Nawir ◽  
Peter Kabo ◽  
Ilhamjaya Pattelongi
Keyword(s):  
Liver Function ◽  
Rattus Norvegicus ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Blood Chemistry ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Moringa Oleifera Leaves ◽  
One Way Anova

Abstrak Kerusakan hati menjadi salah satu penyakit dengan prevalensi yang tinggi khususnya di negara berkembang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat adanya efek ekstrak ethanol daun kelor (Moringa oleifera) terhadap proteksi fungsi hati dan histopatologi tikus putih (Rattus norvegicus) yang diinduksi karbontetraklorida (ccl4). serta menentukan dosis efektif dari kombinasi tersebut. Penelitian ini dilakukan secara eksperimental laboratorium menggunakan metode eksperimen dengan desain post test only control group pada tikus wistar. Tikus dibagi menjadi 5 kelompok, yaitu kelompok kontrol positif (ekstrak kurkuma), kontrol pembanding (NaCMC 1%) dan 3 kelompok pemberian ekstrak dengan 3 variasi dosis masing-masing 250 mg/kgBB, 500 mg/kgBB dan 750 mg/kgBB. Dilakukan pengamatan terhadap uji profil kimia darah yang meliputi SGOT dan SGPT serta dilanjutkan dengan uji histopatologi. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa adanya perbedaan perubahan hasil pengukuran darah fungsi hati (SGOT dan SGPT) antar kelompok selama 8 hari. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa adanya perbedaan perubahan hasil pengukuran profil kimia darah antar kelompok selama perlakuan. Berdasarkan hasil uji one way ANOVA pada pengukuran SGOT dan SGPT terdapat hasil tes bermakna (P<0,05). Hasil uji histopatologi menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbaikan fungsi dan struktur hati pada kelompok pemberian ekstrak etanol daun kelor. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa ekstrak etanol daun kelor (Moringa oleifera) memiliki kemampuan sebagai hepatoprotektor terhadap fungsi hati pada dosis 750 mg/kgBB. Abstract Liver damage is one of the diseases with high prevalence especially in developing countries. This study aims to see the effect of ethanol extract of Moringa oleifera leaves on liver function protection and histopathology of white rat (Rattus norvegicus) induced by carbontetrachloride (CCl4). and determine the effective dose of the combination. This research was conducted experimentally using a laboratory experimental method with a post test only control group design in wistar rats. Rats were divided into 5 groups, namely the positive control group (curkuma extract), comparative control (NaCMC 1%) and 3 groups giving extracts with 3 variations of each dose of 250 mg / kgBB, 500 mg / kgBB and 750 mg / kgBB. Observations were made on the blood chemistry profile test which included SGOT and SGPT and continued with histopathological testing. The results showed that there were differences in changes in the results of liver function blood measurements (SGOT and SGPT) between groups for 8 days. The results showed that there were differences in changes in the measurement results of blood chemistry profiles between groups during treatment. Based on the results of the one way ANOVA test on SGOT and SGPT measurements there were significant test results (P <0.05). The results of histopathological tests showed that there was an improvement in liver function and structure in the group given ethanol extract of kelor leaves. It can be concluded that the ethanol extract of Moringa oleifera leaves has the ability as a hepatoprotector of liver function at a dose of 750 mg / kgBB.

scholarly journals The Effect of Medroxy Progesterone Acetate Hormone Administration to Endometrial Thickness of the Female Rattus norvegicus Wistar strain

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 94
Author(s):  
Devi Yulita
Keyword(s):  
Rattus Norvegicus ◽  
Endometrial Thickness ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Gonadotropin Secretion ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
White Rats ◽  
Wistar Strain ◽  
Post Test

Many alternative contraceptives can be used as needed. The most effective type of contraception is injection contraception because it is relatively safe, effective, simple and inexpensive. Contraceptive users must be selective in choosing contraception because there is no method of contraception that is safe and effective for all acceptors. The side effects of Medroxy Progesterone Acetat injection include bleeding disorders such as amenorrhoea, weight gain, high blood pressure, acne, spotting. Medroxy Progesterone Acetat is a progestin contraceptive regimen that is often used and works long-term. The mechanism of action of Medroxy Progesterone Acetate injection is to inhibit gonadotropin secretion so that it will prevent the maturation of primary follicles in the ovary and also prevent ovulation and cause endometrial depletion.The research design is the post test only control group design. The population in this research  are the white rats species Rattus norvegicus Wistar strain. The samples are taken randomly from all populations that met the following sample criteria: Female rats, Aged 12-14 weeks, having a body weight of 150 - 200 grams.The results showed that Medroxy Progesterone Acetate hormone affects the thickness of the endometrium, and there is a difference in the histological picture of endometrial thickness due to the administration of the Medroxy Progesterone Acetate hormone and without the administration of the Medroxy Progesterone Acetate hormone

scholarly journals No Acute Toxicity Tests of Purwoceng (Pimpinella pruatjan Molk.) Ethanolic Extract on Male Albino Rat by Determined Hepatorenal Function Test and Histopathology

Molekul ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 117
Author(s):  
Fitranto Arjadi ◽  
Dhadhang Wahyu Kurniawan ◽  
Yudhi Wibowo ◽  
Wahyu Siswandari ◽  
Lantip Rujito
Keyword(s):  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Toxicity Tests ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Acute Administration ◽  
Albino Rat ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
Group B

Pimpinella pruatjan Molkis a local indegineuos plant speciescommonly used  aphrodisiac.This studywas performed to analyze the effect of acute administration of purwoceng (Pimpinella pruatjan Molk.) roots ethanol extract to liver and kidney histological damagein rats. The study used an experimental approachusing post test only with control group design. Rats were randomly divided into five groups; 3 rats in each group. Group A as a control group received aquadest, group B, C, D, and E were given purwoceng roots ethanol extract dose of 5 mg/kgBW, 50 mg/kgBW, 300 mg/kgBW, and 2000 mg/kgBW respectively.Liver histological damage was assessed by a modification of the Roenigk score, whereaskidney damage was by the semiquantitative scoring of proximal tubular necrosis. UV test was used to quantify the AST and ALT levels, the measurement of blood urea levels was using the Urease-GLDH method, and Jaffe methodwas used to access the creatinine levels.Kruskal-Wallis test showed that liver and kidney histologicalparameterswere not significantly affected, as well as theblood urea and creatinine levels (p>0.05).Meanwhile,ALT level wasonly parameters which showed the significant test (p <0.05)among groups. Study concluded that the liver and kidney histological appearance, AST, blood urea, and creatinine levels in the male albino rat were not significantly affected by acute administration of Purwoceng roots in various dosesbut  the ALT level was significantly affected

scholarly journals Study of Sub-Acute Toxicity Profile of Fenugreek (Trigonellafaenum-Graecum) Seeds in Kidney Tissues of Albino Rat: A Randomized Control Trial

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-43
Author(s):  
Sefa Sarwath Alam ◽  
Ashish Kumar Mazumder ◽  
Rasheda Akhter ◽  
Selim Md Jahangir
Keyword(s):  
Dose Level ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Toxicity Profile ◽  
Fenugreek Seeds ◽  
Group A ◽  
Recovery Group ◽  
Group B ◽  
Group D

Background : The objective of the present study was to evaluate the sub-acute toxic effects of ethanol extract of fenugreek seeds on kidney tissues of albino rats. Materials and methods: The present study was conducted on 30 albino rats divided into Group A, B, C, D and R. Group A (Control group) was treated with distilled water. Group B, Group C and Group D were treated orally with ethanol extract of fenugreek seeds at a dose of 1.25 gm/kg/day, 2.5 gm/kg/day and 5 gm/kg/day respectively for 90 consecutive days. Group R (Recovery group) was treated with seed extract of 5 gm/kg/day for 90 days followed by no treatment for next 28 days to observe any toxic effect if present in highest dose whether reversible or not. On 91st day all the animals of Group A, Group B, Group C and Group D were sacrificed and Group R was sacrificed on 119th day. Blood sample was collected from all the rats by cardiac puncture before sacrifice for measurement of biochemical and hematological parameters, and kidneys were collected for histopathological examination after sacrifice. Results: Upto 2.5 gm /kg/day dose level, all parameters of all experimental groups were statistically not significant when compared with control group. At 5 gm/kg/ day dose level the seeds extract produced statistically significant change in biochemical parameters such as serum creatinine and blood urea. In gross microscopic examination of kidney, at the highest dose level showed the sign of cell injury like cellular swelling, hemorrhage, inflammatory cells infiltration, necrosis etc. Interestingly, these biochemical and microscopic findings at the highest dose level were absent in recovery group. Conclusion: Finally, the study revealed that ethanol extract of fenugreek seeds was non toxic up to 2.5 gm/kg/day dose level and produce renal toxicity at 5 gm/kg/day dose level in sub acute toxicity test. So, if needed to use in higher therapeutic dose the toxicity profile of seeds extract must be re-evaluated. Chatt Maa Shi Hosp Med Coll J; Vol.18 (1); Jan 2019; Page 36-43

Pengaruh Ekstrak Bawang Putih Terhadap Kadar Serum Kreatinin Tikus Hipertensi Two Kidney One Clipp (Effect of Allium sativum Extract to Serum Creatinine of Two Kidney One Clipp Hypertension Rat)

MEDULA ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sapto Raharjo ◽  
Gustavita Maria Bandong ◽  
Tien Tien ◽  
Andi Noor Kholidha Syarif ◽  
Agus Chahyadi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rattus Norvegicus ◽  
Allium Sativum ◽  
Experimental Parameter ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Wistar Strain ◽  
Post Test

Background: Garlic (Allium sativum) has long been used both as a food and traditional medicine. Several studies have shown  potential of garlic (Allium sativum) as an antihypertensive. In previous in vitro study found that dipeptide on garlic extract after hydrolyzed by the enzyme papain have ACE inhibitory activity. Induction of hypertension with 2 Kidney One Clip (2K1C) methodcauses the kidneys lose their physiological functions. A.sativum is expected to ameliorate kidney function. This study aimed to analyze creatinine levels in rat induced by 2K1C. Method: These study was an in vivo study with Pre-Post Test Only Control group Design. Before treatment, 30 subjects induced hypertension by 2K1C method. Treatment was conducted for four weeks. The recent study was conducted on 36 Rattus norvegicus, Wistar strain were divided into 6 groups. Measurement of creatinine was conducted by spectrophotometry method. Result: The results showed that there were significant differences in creatinine levels between groups (p < 0.05) both in the pre-test and post-test. The normal group and hypertension group did not have significant differences in creatinine pre- and post-test levels (p > 0.05). A.sativum 75m/kgBB gave the best decrease in creatinine levels up to 1.75 mg/dL compared to the A.sativum 25mg/kgBB and A.sativum group 50 mg/kgBB. There were significant differences in creatinine levels A.sativum 75 mg/kgBB and captopril (p <0.05). Conclusion: There was significant differences in creatinine levels of hypertensive rats between groups and the most effective dose was 75 mg / kg. Keywords: A.sativum, hypertension, creatinine, 2K1C Latar Belakang: Bawang putih (Allium sativum) telah lama digunakan, baik sebagai bahan masakan maupun sebagai obat tradisional. Beberapa studi menunjukkan potensi bawang putih (A. sativum) sebagai antihipertensi. Pada penelitian sebelumnya secara in vitro ditemukan bahwa dipeptida pada ekstrak bawang putih setelah dihidrolisis dengan enzim papain memiliki aktivitas inhibisi terhadap ACE. Induksi hipertensi 2 Kidney One Clip (2K1C) menyebabkan ginjal kehilangan fungsi fisiologisnya. Pemberian A.sativum  diketahui mampu memperbaiki fungsi ginjal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kadar kreatinin pada tikus yang diinduksi 2K1C. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian in vivo dengan menggunakan rancangan Control Group Time Series Experimental. Parameter dalam penelitian ini adalah tekanan darah. Sebelum perlakuan, subjek diinduksi hipertensi dengan metode 2K1C. Perlakuan dimulai pada minggu ke-enam setelah induksi. Perlakuan berlangsung selama empat minggu. Subjek yang digunakan dalam penelitian adalah tikus putih (Rattus norvegicus, strain Wistar), sebanyak 36 ekor dibagi dalam 6 kelompok: normal/sehat (tidak diinduksi), hipertensi yang diberi kaptopril, hipertensi yang diberi ekstrak A.sativum 25mg/kgBB, hipertensi yang diberi ekstrak A. sativum 50mg/kgBB, hipertensi yang diberi ekstrak A. sativum 75mg/kgBB, dan hipertensi tanpa perlakuan. Pengukuran kreatinin dilakukan menggunakan metode spektrofotometri. Hasil: Analisis statistik menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan kadar kreatinin signifkan pada setiap kelompok (p < 0.05) baik pre-test maupun post-test. Kelompok normal dan hipertensi tidak memiliki perbedaan signifikan pada kadar kreatinin pre dan post-test (p > 0.05). Kelompok A. sativum 75m/kgBB menunjukkan penurunan kadar kreatinin yang sangat signifikan hingga 1.75 mg/dL dibanding kelompok  A. sativum 25mg/kgBB and A. sativum group 50 mg/kgBB. Terdapat perbedaan kadar kreatinin yang signifikan antara kelompok A. sativum 75 mg/kgBB dan captopril (p <0.05). Simpulan: Terdapat perbedaan kadar kreatinin yang signifikan antar kelompok dan penurunan kadar kreatinin terbaik yaitu pada dosis  75 mg / kg. Kata Kunci: A.sativum, hipertensi, kreatinin, 2K1C

Pengaruh Pemberian Ekstrak Rumput Laut Merah (Kappaphycus alvarezii) terhadap Kadar LDL Pada Tikus Putih (Rattus Norvegicus) Jantan Galur Wistar Yang Diberi Diet Tinggi Lemak

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 112
Author(s):  
MENTARI AMENDA SAPUTRI ◽  
HERIN SETIANINGSIH
Keyword(s):  
Rattus Norvegicus ◽  
Kappaphycus Alvarezii ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Group Design ◽  
Post Test ◽  
One Way Anova ◽  
Test Control

<p class="Default">Penyakit kardiovaskular merupakan penyebab kematian nomor satu di dunia. Gaya hidup masyarakat terutama dalam mengkonsumsi diet yang tidak sehat dapat meningkatkan kadar LDL yang dapat menyebabkan  penyakit kardiovaskular. Rumput laut merah (<em>Kappaphycus alvarezii</em>)<em> </em>yang banyak dibudidayakan di Indonesia mengandung flavonoid dan triterpenoid yang diduga dapat menurunkan kadar LDL. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian ekstrak rumput laut merah (<em>Kappaphycus alvarezii</em>) <em> </em>terhadap kadar LDL pada tikus putih (<em>Rattus norvegicus</em>) jantan galur Wistar yang diberi diet tinggi lemak. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian eksperimental murni laboratorik dengan rancangan penelitian <em>Post Test Control Group Design. </em>Sampel yang digunakan adalah 24 ekor tikus putih (<em>Rattus norvegicus</em>) jantan galur Wistar yang dibagi ke dalam tiga kelompok: kelompok yang diberi diet standar selama 28 hari (K1), kelompok yang diberi diet tinggi lemak selama 28 hari (K2), dan kelompok yang diberi diet tinggi lemak selama 28 hari dan pada hari ke-15 sampai hari ke-28 diberi ekstrak rumput laut merah (<em>Kappaphycus alvarezii</em>) dengan dosis 140mg/200grBB/hari (K3). Hasil analisis statistik <em>One Way Anova </em>menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan kadar LDL yang signifikan antara ketiga kelompok pada penelitian ini (p&lt;0,001). Kadar LDL pada K2 (=16,00±3,29) meningkat secara bermakna dibandingkan dengan K1 (=10,62±1,77). Sedangkan kadar LDL pada K3 (=6,88±2,42) menurun secara bermakna dibandingkan dengan K2. Dari hasil penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa ekstrak rumput laut merah (<em>Kappaphycus alvarezii</em>) berpengaruh terhadap kadar LDL darah pada tikus putih (<em>Rattus norvegicus</em>) jantan galur Wistar yang diberi diet tinggi lemak.</p><p><strong>Kata kunci</strong> : diet tinggi lemak, LDL, <em>Kappaphycus alvarezii</em></p>

EFFECT OF YOGA ON CARDIOVASCULAR EFFICIENCY

2019 ◽  
pp. 12-16
Author(s):  
Brij Bhushan Singh ◽  
Shubi Mirja ◽  
Samiya Husain
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Technique ◽  
Step Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Group A ◽  
Cardio Vascular ◽  
Level Of Significance ◽  
Group B ◽  
Experimental Group

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of yogic practices on cardio-vascular efficiency. Material and methods: Total Forty (40) subject’s boys/girls were selected as the sample of the study through the random sampling and their age ranged between 20 to 25 years from the Department of Physical Education, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh. The subjects were divided into two groups comprising 20 subjects in each group, namely group “A” (the experimental group) performs yogic practices (Asanas, Pranayamas and Kriyas) and group “B” (the control group) served as control. Statistical technique: for the assessment of the cardiovascular efficiency through Harvard step test pre and post-test was conducted and t-test was applied for the analysis. Result: revealed that there exist a significant difference between group A and group B, at .05 level of significance. On the basis of the pre and post-test among experimental and control group, experimental group found better than the control group on cardiovascular efficiency and significant result were found in this study.

scholarly journals Peningkatan Keterampilan Sosial dan Motorik Halus Anak Melalui Pembelajaran Berbasis Proyek

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-33
Author(s):  
Wuni Arum Sekar Sari
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Development ◽  
Project Based Learning ◽  
Fine Motor ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Social Emotional Development ◽  
Social Emotional ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Group A ◽  
Experimental Group

This study examines the effect of project-based learning on children’s social-emotional development and children’s fine motoric development. This study uses a Quasi-Experimental Design. Control-Group Design (Pre-test and Post Test) or Nonequivalent [Pretest and Post Test] Control-Group Design, the experimental group (A) and the control group (B), were selected without a random assignment procedure. In these two groups, both pretest and posttest were carried out. Only the experimental group (A) was treated. This research was conducted at RA Uniform Debit and RA Kusuma Mulia, Ngino, Plemahan, Kediri. Data were collected using observation sheets, descriptive statistical data analysis, and paired t-test with alpha <0.05.  Based on the results of different tests with the Paired t-test, the Sig. As much as 0.000, where this value is less than 0.05, reject H1 and accept H0, there are differences in social-emotional development and fine motor skills between before (pretest) and after (posttest) getting project-based learning the experimental group and the control group. The average value shows that the social-emotional development after being given the Project-Based learning was more significant than the social-emotional development, namely 26.03> 20.44 in the experimental group and 22.10> 20.23 in the control group. Likewise, fine motor development before being given the Project-Based learning, namely 14.97> 11.84 in the experimental group and 13.03> 11.97 in the control group. This means that the project-based learning given to RA students in Plemahan, Kediri is more effective than learning in the control group.

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