scholarly journals The identification of drug related problems (DRPs) using profilaxis antibiotics in orthopedic surgical patients at a Government Hospital in Yogyakarta

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 210-225
Author(s):  
Happy Elda Murdiana
Keyword(s):  
Drug Interaction ◽  
Antibiotic Prophylaxis ◽  
Orthopedic Surgery ◽  
Drug Information ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Government Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Government ◽  
Drug Problems ◽  
Potential Interactions

Background: Antibiotic prophylaxis in orthopedic surgery cases aims to prevent surgery site infections (SSI). For antibiotic prophylaxis, it is recommended to use the first generation of cephalosporin, namely cefazolin which can kill the bacteria commonly found in orthopedic surgery infection. The prophylactic administration of cefotaxime is not the first line but is definitive for surgical prophylaxis. Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the rationale for the use of antibiotic prophylaxis for orthopedic surgery, the drug problems (DRPs) that occurred and their potential interactions. Method: This study was conducted using a cross sectional design with a total sampling technique of medical record samples from January to February 2019 at the Government Hospital in Yogyakarta. Observational analytical descriptive data processing by ensuring the appropriate of indications, route of administration, timing of administration and an appropriate of prophylactic doses as well as how to compare DPRs to the literature and analysis of potential co drug interaction with Drug Information Handbook (DIH), AHFS Clinical Drug Information, Drug Interaction Facts, and Interactions Stockley’s Drug Interaction. Results: All patients received appropriate therapy for indication, type of drug, routes of administration for pre and postoperative. All patients received an under dose of ranitidine and 1 patient (1,69%) received an over dose of piracetam. Potential interactions that occur include ketorolac-ranitidine, NSAIDs with other NSAIDs, NSAIDs-ranitidine, NSAIDs-ACEi, NSAIDs-bisoprolol, bisoprolol-calcium, calcium-vitamin C, and paracetamol-ranitidine. Conclusion: Pre and postoperative prophylactic antibiotics are rational. The accompanying drug, ranitidine and piracetam were not properly doses. Drug interactions in this study are potential. Keywords: prophylaxis antibiotic, orthopedic surgery, cefotaxim, DRPs

PERCEIVED EFFECTS OF STREET HAWKING ON THE WELL-BEING OF CHILDREN IN ANYIGBA, DEKINA LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OF KOGI STATE, NIGERIA

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 01-07
Author(s):  
Alfred Eboh
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Survey Design ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Local Government Area ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Perceived Effects ◽  
The Government

Background: The hawking of wares by children has been a serious issue confronting the Nigerian society. Children hawk in some of the most horrible conditions conceivable, where they face a serious risk of injury, chronic illness, kidnapping, rape or death. Objective: The focus of this study was to assess the perceived effects of street hawking on the well-being of children in Anyigba, Dekina Local Government Area of Kogi State. Methods: The population of this study consists of parents of the street hawkers in Anyigba while cross-sectional survey design was used through the purposive sampling technique to choose the sample size of one hundred and sixty-two (162) respondents. The validated structured questionnaire and In-Depth Interviews (IDIs) served as the instruments for the data collection respectively. The hypotheses were tested using Chi-Square at a predetermined 0.05 level of significance. The quantitative data were analysed with the aid of the SPSS (version 20). Results: The results indicated among others that street hawking had significant social implications and physical consequences on children's moral behaviour as well as health status in the study area. Conclusion: The study, therefore, concluded that the government of Kogi State should carry out an enlightenment campaign through the media and religious institutions on the negative consequences of street hawking are recommended as panacea. Also, the child right act instrument and its implementation should be strengthened in order to curb street hawking in the study area.

scholarly journals TINGKAT STRES MAHASISWA S1 KEPERAWATAN TINGKAT SATU DALAM MENGHADAPI WABAH COVID 19 DAN PERKULIAHAN DARING DI STIKES KARYA HUSADA KEDIRI

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-35
Author(s):  
Melani Kartika Sari
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Mild Stress ◽  
Study Program ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Online Lectures ◽  
New Type ◽  
The Government ◽  
Cross Sectional Design ◽  
Keywords Stress

The Covid-19 outbreak is a new type of disease and is highly contagious. This new virus was previously unknown before infecting many residents of Wuhan, China. This virus is now spreading to most of the world. To prevent its spread, the government urges people to stay at home and learn online. The aimed of this study was to determine the level of stress of first-degree students in the Nursing Study Program at Stikes Karya Husada in dealing with the Covid-10 outbreak and online lectures due to the outbreak. This type of research is a descriptive study with cross sectional design. Sampling was done by purposive sampling technique to get a total sample of 70 respondents. Data were collected using a questionnaire in the form of google and found that most students experienced moderate stress (38.57%), some experienced severe stress (28.57%), and mild stress (32.86%). The stressors that cause the most stress are difficulty understanding online material and worry about contracting Covid-19. Pandemic conditions that are full of uncertainty need to be addressed wisely by various parties. It takes effort to reduce stress by doing a variety of fun activities in the home that can be done by students. Keywords: stress level, students, covid-19, online lectures

scholarly journals GAMBARAN TINGKAT KEPATUHAN MASYARAKAT DALAM PENERAPAN PROTOKOL KESEHATAN POST VAKSINASI COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 43
Author(s):  
Agus Mulyawan ◽  
Rita Sekarsari ◽  
Nuraini Nuraini ◽  
Eriyono Budi
Keyword(s):  
Early Adulthood ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Education Level ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Purposive Sampling ◽  
The Public ◽  
Gender And Education ◽  
Work Area ◽  
Education Levels ◽  
The Government

ABSTRACT Covid-19 is still a serious world problem with the number of cases still rising and falling every day. In response to this, the government is currently aggressively humiliating the Covid-19 Vaccination program and at the same time encouraging the public to continue to carry out health protocols such as wearing masks, washing hands and maintaining distance. This study aims to describe the level of community compliance in the application of post-Covid-19 vaccination health protocols in the Pakuhaji Health Center Work Area. The design in this study was cross sectional. Data collection using online and manual questionnaires. The sample is 85 respondents who have been vaccinated against Covid-19 to 1 or 2, respondents were taken by purposive sampling technique. The results obtained as many as 17 respondents (20%) in the non-compliant category and 68 respondents (80%) in the obedient category. And based on the characteristics of the respondents age, gender, and education. Based on this study, it was found that respondents with early adulthood (18-40 years) were more obedient to the implementation of health protocols. based on gender, female respondents were much more obedient in implementing health protocols and furthermore based on education level, respondents with middle to high education levels were much more obedient in implementing health protocols. ABSTRAK Covid-19 hingga saat ini masih menjadi permasalahan dunia yang serius dengan jumlah kasus yang masih naik turun setiap harinya. Dalam menanggapi hal tersebut pemerintah saat ini sedang gencar malukan program Vaksinasi Covid-19 dan sekaligus menganjurkan masyarakat untuk tetap melakukan protokol kesehatan seperti memakai masker, mencuci tangan dan manjaga jarak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran tingkat kepatuhan masyarakat dalam penerapan protokol kesehatan post Vaksinasi Covid-19 di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Pakuhaji. Desain pada penelitian ini adalah cross sectional. Pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner secara online dan manual. Sample berjumlah 85 responden yang sudah vaksinasi Covid-19 ke 1 atau 2, responden diambil dengan teknik purposive sampling. Hasil penelitian didapatkan sebanyak 17 responden (20%) dengan kategori tidak patuh dan 68 responden (80%) dengan kategori patuh. Dan berdasarkan karakteristik responden usia, jenis kelamin, serta pendidikan. Berdasarkan penelitian ini, ditemukan responden dengan usia dewasa awal (18-40 tahun) lebih patuh terhadap penerapan protokol kesehatan. Selain itu berdasarkan jenis kelamin, responden perempuan jauh lebih patuh dalam penerapan protokol kesehatan dan selanjutnya berdasarkan tingkat pendidikan, responden dengan tingkat pendidikan menenga hingga tinggi jauh lebih patuh dalam penerapan protokol kesehatan.

scholarly journals Awareness and Perception Regarding Corona Virus Disease 19 Outbreak among General Public of Selected Area of Kathmandu

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 67-71
Author(s):  
Kiran Chhetri ◽  
Puspa Kumari Deo
Keyword(s):  
General Public ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
P Value ◽  
Positive Perception ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Negative Perception ◽  
Awareness Campaigns ◽  
The Government

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 is an upcoming contagious respiratory infection caused by a new coronavirus named severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS-CoV2) which is transmitted through the respiratory droplets produced by coughing or sneezing of an infected person. The behavior of the general public will probably have an important bearing on the course of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic. Human behavior is influenced by knowledge and perceptions. This paper aims to identify the awareness and perception regarding COVID-19 among general public. Method: A cross sectional descriptive design was used by using structured online questionnaire through Google form. The study was conducted at certain area of Kathmandu. Sample size was 423 with non probability convenience sampling technique. Result: The findings revealed that overall, 44.9% respondents had low, 34.0% had average and 21% had high level of awareness. Likewise, 56.6% had positive perception and 43.2% had negative perception about COVID outbreak. Also 62% respondents had positive and 37.7% had negative perception about prevention of COVID. There is an association between educational status and level of awareness with ‘p’ value lesser than 0.05 at 95% level of confidence. Conclusion: Majority of respondents were not aware about the outbreak of COVID19. Also more than half of respondents had positive perception about outbreak of COVID 19. The effective measures are being taken by the government and the public, still there remains a need for further awareness campaigns and knowledge of safe interventions to combat the spread of disease. Key words: awareness, perception, COVID19, general public.

scholarly journals Hand washing knowledge and practice among school going children in Duwakot, Bhaktapur: A cross sectional study

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 110-115
Author(s):  
Pratibha Manandhar ◽  
Ram Krishna Chandyo
Keyword(s):  
Private School ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Acute Respiratory Tract Infection ◽  
Hand Washing ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Knowledge And Practice ◽  
The Government ◽  
At Home

Background: Diarrhea and acute respiratory tract infection are the commonest cause of morbidity and mortality in Nepal. Proper hand washing techniques help to reduce the incidence of diarrhea and acute respiratory infection in children.Objective: Objective of this study was to identify hand washing knowledge and practice among school children of Duwakot, Bhaktapur.Methodology: This was a cross-sectional study conducted among 340 students of grade V, VI and VII from both the government and private schools of Duwakot, Bhaktapur. Convenient sampling technique was applied in government schools (due to less number of students) whereas students were randomly selected from private school (due to large number).Result: All the students had knowledge about the hand washing technique before meal and after defecation. Almost all (99.4%) students reported that they wash hand before meal and 92.4% students reported that they practiced hand washing after defecation. But, only 8.5% students at school and 47% students at home regularly washed hand with soap and water. However 91.6% students at school and 81% students at home washed hand only by water due to unavailability of soap.Conclusion: Although students had hand washing knowledge; proper hand washing practices was lagging behind.

The prevalence of potentially beneficial and harmful drug-drug interactions in intensive care units

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hossein Ali Mehralian ◽  
Jafar Moghaddasi ◽  
Hossein Rafiei
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care ◽  
Drug Interaction ◽  
Drug Interactions ◽  
Intensive Care Units ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Potential Ddis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Text Book ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Potential Interactions

Abstract Background The present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the prevalence of potentially beneficial and harmful drug-drug interactions (DDIs) in intensive care units (ICUs). Methods The present cross-sectional prospective study was conducted in two ICUs in Shahr-e Kord city, Iran. The study sample was consisted of 300 patients. The Drug Interaction Facts reference text book [Tatro DS. Drug interaction facts. St Louis, MO: Walters Kluwer Health, 2010.] was used to determine the type and the frequency of the DDIs. Results The participants consisted of 189 patients men and 111 women. The mean age of patients was 44.2 ± 24.6 years. Totally, 60.5% of patients had at least one drug-drug interaction in their profile. The total number of DDIs found was 663 (the mean of the total number of drug-drug interactions was 2.4 interactions per patient). Of all the 663 interactions, 574 were harmful and others were beneficial. In terms of starting time, 98 of the potential interactions were rapid and 565 of them were delayed. In terms of severity, 511 of the potential interactions were moderate. Some of the drugs in the patients’ medical records including phenytoin, dopamine, ranitidine, corticosteroid, dopamine, heparin, midazolam, aspirin, magnesium, calcium gluconate, and antibiotics, the type of ventilation, the type of nutrition and the duration of hospital stay were among the factors that were associated with high risk of potential DDIs (p < 0.05). Conclusions The prevalence of potentially beneficial and harmful DDIs, especially harmful drug-drug interactions, is high in ICUs and it is necessary to reduce these interactions by implementing appropriate programs and interventions.

scholarly journals Parent’s Anxiety Towards Juvenile Deliquency Phenomenon in Bandung, Indonesia

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 52
Author(s):  
Namirotu Fauziah ◽  
Imas Rafiyah ◽  
Tetti Solehati
Keyword(s):  
Juvenile Delinquency ◽  
Trait Anxiety ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Parental Anxiety ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Juvenile Deliquency ◽  
The Government ◽  
Quantitative Descriptive ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Descriptive Method

Juvenile delinquency is a behavior that can disturb the local people, especially parents who have adolescents. Parents who have adloescents will be more anxious and will treat their child in a overprotective way to keep their child from juvenile delinquency. This study aims to know the level of parental anxiety about juvenile delinquency phenomenon in Babakansari Kiaracondong Bandung.This study used quantitative descriptive method with cross sectional approach. The sample which was taken using proporsionate random sampling technique are 258 respondents. The data collection used State-Trait Anxiety for Adults. The results of this study indicate that in the state anxiety most respondents (55.8%) had moderate anxiety level. Whereas, in trait anxiety almost all respondents (76.0%) had moderate anxiety level.The conclusions in this study that the level of anxiety of parents who have adolescents to the phenomenon of juvenile delinquency in Babakansari village are at moderate level. Based on these results, there should be special attention from the government working with community mental nurses to provide interventions such as emotional control, information about juvenile delinquency and help parents develop their ability to resolve problems related to the anxiety.

scholarly journals KONDISI LINGKUNGAN DI DAERAH YANG PERNAH MENGALAMI KEJADIAN LUAR BIASA JAPANESE ENCEPHALITIS

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 79
Author(s):  
Nurhidayah Nurhidayah ◽  
Made Sutarga ◽  
Made Pasek Kardiwinata
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Japanese Encephalitis ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Government ◽  
Cross Sectional Design ◽  
Quota Sampling ◽  
The Village

ABSTRACTCanggu Village is an area that has experienced outbreaks of Japanese encephalitis (JE) in 2015 by JE clinical cases as many as 18 cases. This study aims to determine the environmental conditions, of JE prevention in the village of Canggu. This research is a descriptive cross-sectional design. The sampling technique using quota sampling, from 7 hamlets in the village of Canggu taken each 22 respondents to be sampled in the study to meet the minimum required quota sample. The sampling of this research are respondent that live in radius 100 meters from pig stable. The number of respondents in the interview are as many as 151 people consisting of 17 patients and 134 non JE. The results showed that 82.84% of respondents have a risky environment, whereas respondents that stay near rice terraces 14,28% get JE and respondent that around their house there is a dirty puddle 28,57% get JE. The conclusion from this study is most respondents have a risk of environmental conditions. Where the most part of them is stay close to the field. It is recommended that the government to provide education or counseling equitably to community, not only who have experienced clinical symptoms of JE but also high-risk society.Keywords: Japanese encephalitis, Environmental Conditions, Outbreak

scholarly journals Kepatuhan Ibu Nifas Dalam Pemanfaatan Buku KIA Terhadap Pencegahan Komplikasi Masa Nifas Di Kota TarakanKepatuhan Ibu Nifas Dalam Pemanfaatan Buku KIA Terhadap Pencegahan Komplikasi Masa Nifas Di Kota Tarakan

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 77-86
Author(s):  
Nur Indah Noviyanti ◽  
◽  
Gusrian Gusrian ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Infant Mortality ◽  
Community Health Center ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Infant Mortality Rate ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Right ◽  
Postpartum Mothers

Indonesia is currently still experienced problems related to the high maternal mortality rate (MMR) and infant mortality rate (IMR). So that the government makes efforts to reduce MMR and IMR. In this effort, in 1994 the government issued the MCH booklet, which is one of the strategies in reducing maternal and infant mortality rates, this strategy involves empowering the community, especially families and communities. In order to ensure the use of the MCH handbook in the community, the implementation of the MCH handbook is coordinated directly by the respective regional health offices. During the pandemic postpartum mothers find it difficult to access health facilities because of the right to service. Therefore, to increase mother's knowledge, both about early detection of complications, health education, health promotion, it is hoped that mothers can support them through the KIA book that every pregnant and postpartum mother has. This study aims to determine the relationship between postpartum mother’s adherence to the use of MCH book as an education to prevent complications in the Pandemic Era in the Sebengkok Community Health Center. This type of research used analytical research with cross sectional design. The population in this study were all postpartum mothers who were in the working area of the pusksemas Sebengkok from January to June 2020. The sampling technique in this study was purposive sampling. Based on the chi square test, the value of ρ = 0.011 was obtained, which shows ρ <α (0.05), which means that there is a relationship between postpartum mothers' knowledge of the use of the MCH book during the COVID-19 pandemic.

scholarly journals Gambaran Pengetahuan Wanita Usia Subur Tentang Manfaat IVA Test

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-27
Author(s):  
Fardila Elba ◽  
Imma Kristy Nathalia
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
P Value ◽  
Fisher Exact Test ◽  
Childbearing Age ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Knowledge And Attitude ◽  
The Government ◽  
Low Coverage

The incidence of cervical cancer in Indonesia is quite high at 25.91%. Cervical cancer can be detected early with VIA test. VIA test is one of the first steps to detect abnormalities in the cervix. VIA test is an easy check, cheap, and can be done by the midwife. However, the coverage of VIA test in Indonesia is still low about 2.45% of the target coverage determined by the government that is 80%. The low coverage of VIA test screening in Indonesia is influenced by the low knowledge of women. Women's low knowledge will influence their participation in screening. This research uses cross-sectional method approach. The sample in this study is Women of Childbearing Age aged 15-49 years in the working area of Puskesmas Soreang. Sampling uses proportional stratified random sampling technique with a sample size of 76 respondents. Data analysis uses Fisher Exact Test. The results show that there is a significant relationship between knowledge and attitude of WUS with p value = 0.000 (p > 0.005). Based on the results of this study, it can be concluded that there is a relationship between knowledge and attitude of WUS on VIA test for early detection of cervical cancer.

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