scholarly journals Quanton Fields: Evolution and Degrees of Freedom

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
AYMAN KASSEM MOHAMMED
Keyword(s):  
Electromagnetic Waves ◽  
Maxwell Equations ◽  
Degrees Of Freedom ◽  
Space Time ◽  
The Third ◽  
Space And Time ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Physical Phenomena

The concept of space time had been the subject of debate for so long, here another version will be discussed in the form of space and time fields where a new concept of energy constraining can explain the interactions between those fields. This model comes in three parts : energy constraining , where the evolution of the quanton and its different transitions are discussed, the second part , energy fields, their degrees of freedom and the third part electromagnetic waves as relativistic quantons and the generic form of Maxwell equations in terms of space and time fields. This work shows that the origin many of the physical phenomena can be traced back to the quanton based world .

scholarly journals Quanton Fields: Evolution and Degrees of Freedom

2021 ◽  
pp. 44-80
Author(s):  
Ayman Kassem
Keyword(s):  
Electromagnetic Waves ◽  
Degrees Of Freedom ◽  
The Third ◽  
Space And Time ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Physical Phenomena

For long time the nature of spacetime had been the subject of debate, here another version will be discussed in the form of space and time fields where a new concept of energy constraining can explain the interactions between those fields. This model comes in three parts: energy constraining, where the evolution of the quanton fields and their different transitions are discussed, the second part, energy fields, their degrees of freedom and the third part: electromagnetic waves as relativistic quantons and the generic form of Maxwell quations in terms of space and time fields. This work links many of the physical phenomena back to the quanton based world.

GENRE OF IN MODERN TATAR LITERATURE: FEATURES OF FUNCTIONING (BASED ON THE MATERIAL OF R. GABDULKHAKOVA'S "SMALL" PROSE)

2021 ◽  
pp. 83-90
Author(s):  
В.Р. Аминева
Keyword(s):  
Space Time ◽  
Moral Truth ◽  
First Person ◽  
The Third ◽  
Third Person ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Lyrical Subject ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Third Person

На материале произведений современной татарской писательницы Р. Габдулхаковой выявляются конститутивные черты жанра парча в современной татарской литературе. Охарактеризованы жанровые разновидности парчи в творчестве Р. Габдулхаковой, которые соответствуют двум направлениям сюжетного движения: от внешнего к внутреннему или от единичного к универсальному и двум типам повествования - от 1-го или от 3-го лица. Художественное завершение в парчах первого типа определяется постижением некой нравственной истины, вытекающей из лично пережитой лирическим субъектом ситуации, в парчах второго типа оно создается переходом от отдельных явлений к их суммирующему итогу. Сделан вывод о том, что внутреннюю меру жанра определяет характер соотношения повествовательной фабулы и обобщающей ее «концовки». Описаны свойственные этому жанру пространственно-временные отношения и принципы организации субъектной сферы. Структурообразующая роль в парчах Р. Габдулхаковой отводится субъективно-лирическому началу в повествовании. В произведениях писательницы проявились как особенности ее творческой индивидуальности, так и типологические черты женской прозы в целом с ее повышенной эмоциональностью, автобиографичностью и проникновенностью. Большинство миниатюр Р. Габдулхаковой написаны от первого лица и представляют сознание женщины, сосредоточенной на переживании своего одиночества и «холода жизни», безответной любви и позднего раскаяния, боли утраты, преследующей каждого человека после ухода матери. Парчи, написанные от третьего лица, раскрывают сознание человека, знающего о существовании объективных закономерностей и пытающегося найти личный выход из безнадежных ситуаций. В творчестве Р. Габдулхаковой парча функционирует как синтетический жанр, вбирающий в себя элементы других жанровых форм. On the material of works of the modern Tatar writer R. Gabdulhakova the constitutive features of the genre of the parcha are revealed. Genre varieties of parcha in the work of R. Gabdulkhakova are characterized, which correspond to two directions of plot movement: from the external to the internal or from the individual to the universal, and two types of narrative-from 1 or 3 persons. Artistic completion in the parcha of the first type is determined by the realization of a certain moral truth arising from the situation personally experienced by the lyrical subject, in the parcha of the second type it is created by the transition from individual phenomena to their summing result. It is concluded that the internal measure of the genre determines the nature of the relationship between the narrative plot and its generalizing "ending". Space-time relations and principles of organization of the subject sphere peculiar to this genre are described. The structure-forming role in the parcha of R. Gabdulkhakova is assigned to the subjective-lyrical beginning in the narrative. The works of the writer manifested both the features of her creative individuality and the typological features of female prose in general with its increased emotionality, autobiography and penetration. Most of R. Gabdulhakova’s miniatures are written in the first person and represent the consciousness of a woman focused on experiencing her loneliness and “cold life”, unrequited love and late repentance, the pain of loss that haunts every person after leaving her mother. Рarcha written in the third person reveal the consciousness of a person who knows about the existence of objective laws and tries to find a personal way out of hopeless situations. Allegorical or symbolic imagery at the same time turns a personal scenario - into a typical, universal human one. In the work of R. Gabdulhakova parcha functions as a synthetic genre, incorporating elements of other genre forms.

Statistics in Deterministic Sciences: An Introduction

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gidon Eshel
Keyword(s):  
Physical System ◽  
Degrees Of Freedom ◽  
Probability Distributions ◽  
Dynamical Variable ◽  
Natural Sciences ◽  
The State ◽  
Space And Time ◽  
Ocean Atmosphere ◽  
Relevant Variables ◽  
Physical Phenomena

This chapter focuses on the relevance of statistics in deterministic science. While most physical phenomena of concern to natural sciences are governed by fundamental, mostly known, physics, their application to such complex systems as the ocean, atmosphere, or ecosystems is monumentally difficult. For most such systems, the full problems—the values of all relevant variables at all space and time locations—are essentially intractable, even with the fastest computers. Hence, there is always more to the focus of inquiry that cannot be modeled; we must somehow fill in the gaps. This is where statistics come in. Until the state of the physical system under investigation is fully quantified (i.e., until the value of every dynamical variable is perfectly known at every point in space and time), there is a certain amount of indeterminacy in every statement made about the state of the system. The remainder of the chapter discusses probability distributions and degrees of freedom.

Review of Kikhney, L. (2017). Under the sign of acmeism: Collected articles. Moscow: Azbukovnik. 608 pages.

2019 ◽  
pp. 384-389
Author(s):  
V. A. Gavrikov
Keyword(s):  
General Theory ◽  
World View ◽  
Specific Character ◽  
Silver Age ◽  
Fourth Section ◽  
The Third ◽  
Space And Time ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Written Word ◽  
Time Continuum

The main goal of the collection is to define the specific character of Acmeism as a separate trend inside Russian Modernism. This specification is derived through a series of basic categories like space and time continuum, the philosophy of the written word, and poetic semantics, etc. The collection is divided into several sections. The first, a summary of the general theory about the subject, discusses the significance of Acmeism in the Silver Age semantic paradigm. The second section is devoted to O. Mandelstam’s poetry, and in particular his logos concept. The third centres on A. Akhmatova’s poetics, with particular attention to her world view. It also includes several papers on A Poem Without a Hero [Poema bez geroya]. The fourth section covers various aspects of works by acmeists N. Gumilyov, V. Narbut, and M. Zenkevich. 

scholarly journals PHENOMENOLOGY FOR AN EXTRA DIMENSION FROM GRAVITATIONAL WAVES PROPAGATION ON A KALUZA–KLEIN SPACE–TIME

2005 ◽  
Vol 14 (01) ◽  
pp. 1-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
EMANUELE ALESCI ◽  
GIOVANNI MONTANI
Keyword(s):  
Gravitational Waves ◽  
Extra Dimension ◽  
Electromagnetic Waves ◽  
Degrees Of Freedom ◽  
Background Field ◽  
Space Time ◽  
Tensor Fields ◽  
Dynamical Degree ◽  
The Waves ◽  
Kaluza Klein

In the present work we analyze the behavior of 5-dimensional (5-d) gravitational waves propagating on a Kaluza–Klein background. We face separately the two cases in which the waves are generated before and after the process of dimensional compactification respectively. We show that if the waves are originated on a 5-d space–time which fulfills the principle of general relativity, then the process of compactification cannot reduce the dynamics to the pure 4-d scalar, vector and tensor degrees of freedom. In particular, while the electromagnetic waves evolve independently, the scalar and tensor fields couple to each other; this feature appears because when the gauge conditions are split, the presence of the scalar ripple prevents the 4-d gravitational waves from becoming traceless. The phenomenological issue of this scheme consists of an anomalous relative amplitude of the two independent polarizations which characterize the 4-d gravitational waves. Such profile of polarization amplitudes, if detected, would outline the extra dimension in a very reliable way, because a wave with non-zero trace cannot arise from ordinary matter sources. We discuss the above mentioned phenomenon either in the case of a unit constant value of the background scalar component (when the geodesic deviation is treated with precise outputs), or assuming such background field as a dynamical degree. Only qualitative conclusion are provided here, because the details of the polarization amplitudes depend on the choice of specific metric forms. Finally, we perturb a real Kaluza–Klein theory showing that in this context, while the electromagnetic waves propagate independently, the 4-d gravitational waves preserve their ordinary structure, while the scalar plays for the role of source.

UPAYA MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR IPA MELALUI PENGGUNAAN VIDEO PEMBELAJARAN BAGI SISWA KELAS IV DI SDN 187/IV KOTA JAMBI

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 93
Author(s):  
Juniar Siregar
Keyword(s):  
Action Research ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Research Report ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Classroom Action Research

This study presents a research report on improving students’ Learning results on IPA through Video. The objective was to find out whether students’ learning result improved when they are taught by using Video. It was conducted using classroom action research method. The subject of the study was the Grade IV students of SDN 187/IV Kota Jambi which is located on Jln. Adi Sucipto RT 05 Kecamatan Jambi Selatan, and the number of the students were 21 persons. The instruments used were test. In analyzing the data, the mean of the students’ score for the on fisrt sycle was 65,4 (42,85%) and the mean on cycle two was 68,5 (37,15%) and the mean of the third cycle was 81,4 (100%). Then it can be concluded that the use of video on learning IPA can improve the students’ learning result. It is suggested that teachers should use video as one of the media to improve students’ learning result on IPA.Keywords : IPA, students’ learning result, video

Enhaching Primary Students’ Science Learning Outcome Utilizing Visual Multimedia

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 109
Author(s):  
Nurmi Nurmi ◽  
Hadi Putra ◽  
Penti Nursida ◽  
Khoiro Mahbubah ◽  
Neni Hermita
Keyword(s):  
Learning Outcomes ◽  
Science Learning ◽  
Learning Outcome ◽  
Visual Media ◽  
Primary Students ◽  
Average Score ◽  
The Third ◽  
Third Grade Students ◽  
The Subject ◽  
3Rd Grade

This study aims to improve 3rd grade students’ science learning outcomes bylearning to use visual multimedia. This research method uses classroom actionresearch. The subject of this research was the third grade students of secondsemester of elementary school which conducted 30 students. Based on theresults of research by using visual media, it have been found that theimprovement learning outcome, seen from the initial average score before theaction of 3rd grade class students from 65.5 to 83.83. The results of this studyindicate that with the use of visual media can improve student learningoutcomes.

Biographical Studies of G.I. Gurdjieff

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-35
Author(s):  
Joseph Azize
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Research ◽  
Source Material ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Subject

The various published biographies and biographical notices of G.I. Gurdjieff (c.1865-1949) are of diverse style, quantity and content. While some have made considerable contributions to the subject, most attempts have reacted for or against Gurdjieff’s status as what might call an ‘Enlightened Master’. Little biographical writing on Gurdjieff has questioned the scope, reliability and prejudices of the sources. Further, possible resources have been neglected. The development in Gurdjieff’s ideas is often overlooked, his life is not sufficiently related to that development, and the lack of comparative research has failed to highlight Gurdjieff’s unique contributions. This article is structured in four parts. The first is an introduction, followed by an overview of existing biographical studies of Gurdjieff. The third part addresses bias in these studies, and this is followed by suggestions for future studies. It is concluded that fieldwork regarding the biography of Gurdjieff has been hampered by imperfect methodology. However, with better use of the source material, some of which has only recently been discovered, and a rigorous use of sources, a more balanced and nuanced picture of Gurdjieff’s life, and the development of his ideas and methods, should emerge.

IMPROVING STUDENTS’ ACHIEVEMENT IN WRITING RECOUNT TEXT THROUGH THINK PAIR SHARE

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hotria Manik ◽  
Elia Masa Ginting
Keyword(s):  
Action Research ◽  
Quantitative Data ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Writing Achievement ◽  
The Third ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Class Viii ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Writing Tests

This study attempts to improve students’ writing achievement in recount text through Think-Pair-Share Strategy. This study was conducted by using classroom action research. The subject of the research was class VIII-1 SMPN 1 Pematangsiantar. The number of the students was 32 students, consisted of 5 males and twenty seven females. The research was conducted in two cycles and consisted of six meetings. The instruments for collecting data were writing tests as the quantitative data and diary notes, observation sheet, interview sheet and questionnaire sheet as qualitative data. Based on the writing score, students’ scores kept improving in every test. In analyzing the data, the mean of the students’ score for the first test as a pre-test was 57.84, for the second test as a post test I was 73.56, for the third test as a post test II was 77.56. Based on diary notes, observation sheet and questionnaire sheet, it was found that students were actively involved in writing process. The result of the research showed that Think-Pair-Share Strategy can improve students’ achievement in writing recount text.   Keywords: Think Pair Share, Writing, Recount text, Action research

THE EFFECT OF APPLYING DEMONSTRATION METHOD ON STUDENTS’ ACHIEVEMENT IN SPEAKING SKILL AT THE THIRD GRADE OF SMK PAB 3 MEDAN ESTATE

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Meryanti Napitupulu And Anni Holila Pulungan
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Vocational High School ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Speaking Test ◽  
The Third ◽  
Speaking Skill ◽  
The Subject ◽  
And Control ◽  
Experimental Group

This study was conducted as an attempt to discover the effect of applying Demonstration Method on students’ achievement in speaking skill. It was an experimental research. The subject was students of Grade XII, Vocational High School (Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan: SMK), which consisted of 79 students. The research was divided into two groups: experimental and control groups. The instrument used to collect the data was speaking test. To obtain the reliability of the test, the writer applied Kuder Richardson 21 formula. The result of the reliability was 0.7, and it was found that the test was reliable. The data were analyzed by using t-test formula. The analysis showed that the scores of the students in the experimental group were significantly higher than the scores of the students in the control group at the level of significant m = 0.05 with the degree of freedom (df) 77, t-observed value 8.9 > t-table value 1.99. The findings indicate that using Demonstration Method significantly affected the students’ achievement in speaking skill. So, English teachers are suggested to use Demonstration Method in order to improve students’ achievement in speaking skill.

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