Factors influencing early initiation of breastfeeding among mothers in Rajshahi district, Bangladesh

Abstract Background Early initiation of breastfeeding (EIBF) is referred as providing the breast milk to the newborn within one hour of birth which ensures that the infant receives the colostrum. The aim of this study was to identify the risk factors associated with early initiation of breastfeeding among mothers in Rajshahi district, Bangladesh. Methods The data was collected from mothers living in Rajshahi district who had at least one child aged 6–24 months from January to March, 2019. The EIBF was measured by a question to mother, “did you provide your breast milk to your infant within one hour after delivered? Frequency distribution, Chi-square and multivariable binary logistic regression model were utilized in this study for getting prevalence and influential factors of EIBF. Results This study revealed that the prevalence of EIBF was 88.4%. Logistic model provided that place of delivery, family monthly income, husbands’ education level, mothers’ nutritional status, mothers’ age, husbands’ occupation, getting pregnancy with planning, mothers taking advice regarding the benefit of breastfeeding during their pregnancy were the influential factors of EIBF among mothers in Rajshahi district, Bangladesh. Conclusions This study identified several modifiable influential factors of EIBF. The customs, culture and other characteristics are almost same across the country in Bangladesh. These factors could be considered to increase the rate of EIBF among mothers in Bangladesh.

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Factors influencing early initiation of breastfeeding among mothers in Rajshahi district, Bangladesh

10.21203/rs.3.rs-34757/v2 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Ummay Ayesha ◽

Abu Sayed Md. Al M ◽

Md. Nurul Islam ◽

Md. Ripter Hossain ◽

Samme Amena Tasmia ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Breast Milk ◽

Binary Logistic Regression ◽

Influential Factors ◽

Early Initiation ◽

Binary Logistic Regression Model ◽

Chi Square ◽

Early Initiation Of Breastfeeding ◽

Protective Antibodies ◽

Chi Square Test ◽

Initiation Of Breastfeeding

Abstract Background: Early initiation of breastfeeding (EIBF) is referred to as providing breast milk to the newborn within one hour of birth. EIBF ensures that the infant receives the colostrum containing highly protective antibodies. This study aimed to identify the influential factors of EIBF among mothers in Rajshahi district, Bangladesh. Methods: The data was collected from mothers living in Rajshahi district who had at least one child aged 6-24 months. This study was conducted from January to March, 2019. The EIBF was measured by a principal question, “Did you provide your breast milk to your infant within one hour after delivery?” Frequency distribution and Chi-square test and multivariable binary logistic regression model were utilized in this study for getting prevalence and influential factors of EIBF respectively. Results: This study revealed that the prevalence of EIBF among mothers in Rajshahi district was 88.4%. Multivariable logistic model provided eight influential factors of EIBF: (i) place of delivery, (ii) family monthly income, (iii) husbands’ education level, (iv) mothers’ nutritional status, (v) mothers’ age, (vi) husbands’ occupation, (vii) getting pregnancy with planning, and (viii) mothers taking advice regarding the benefit of breastfeeding during their pregnancy. Conclusions: This study identified several modifiable influential factors of EIBF. The customs, culture and other characteristics are almost the same across the country. These factors could be considered to increase the rate of EIBF among mothers in Bangladesh.

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Factors influencing early initiation of breastfeeding among mothers in Rajshahi district, Bangladesh

10.21203/rs.3.rs-34757/v3 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Ummay Ayesha ◽

Abu Sayed Md. Al M ◽

Md. Nurul Islam ◽

Md. Ripter Hossain ◽

Samme Amena Tasmia ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Binary Logistic Regression ◽

Influential Factors ◽

Immune Defense ◽

Early Initiation ◽

Binary Logistic Regression Model ◽

Chi Square ◽

Early Initiation Of Breastfeeding ◽

Level Ii ◽

Chi Square Test ◽

Initiation Of Breastfeeding

Abstract Background: Early initiation of breastfeeding (EIBF) act as the first immunization for the newborns, fortify their immune defense system and eventually reduce the mortality rate. This study aimed to identify the influential factors of EIBF among mothers in Rajshahi district, Bangladesh.Methods: A total number of 421 mothers living in Rajshahi district who had at least one child aged 6-24 months were considered as sample. Mothers were selected using multistage random sampling. This study was conducted from January to March, 2019. The EIBF was measured by a principal question, “Did you provide your breast milk to your newborns within one hour after delivery?” Frequency distribution and Chi-square test and multivariable binary logistic regression model were utilized in this study for getting prevalence and influential factors of EIBF respectively. Results: This study revealed that the prevalence of EIBF among mothers in Rajshahi district was 88.4%. Multivariable logistic model provided eight influential factors of EIBF: (i) husbands’ education level, (ii) husbands’ occupation, (iii) family monthly income, (iv) mothers’ age, (v) mothers’ BMI, (vi) place of delivery, (vii) getting pregnancy with planning, and (viii) mothers taking advice regarding the benefit of breastfeeding during their pregnancy. Conclusions: This study identified several modifiable influential factors of EIBF. The customs, culture and other characteristics are almost the same across the country. These factors could be considered to increase the rate of EIBF among mothers in Bangladesh.

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Association of prenatal counselling and immediate postnatal support with early initiation of breastfeeding in Uttar Pradesh, India

International Breastfeeding Journal ◽

10.1186/s13006-021-00372-6 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Vasanthakumar Namasivayam ◽

Bidyadhar Dehury ◽

Ravi Prakash ◽

Marissa Becker ◽

Lisa Avery ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Community Development ◽

Uttar Pradesh ◽

Early Initiation ◽

Health Facilities ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Timely Initiation ◽

Place Of Delivery ◽

Early Initiation Of Breastfeeding ◽

Prenatal Counselling ◽

Initiation Of Breastfeeding

Abstract Background Timely initiation of breastfeeding, also known as early initiation of breastfeeding, is a well-recognized life-saving intervention to reduce neonatal mortality. However, only one quarter of newborns in Uttar Pradesh, India were breastfed in the first hour of life. This paper aims to understand the association of community-based prenatal counselling and postnatal support at place of delivery with early initiation of breastfeeding in Uttar Pradesh, India. Methods Data from a cross-sectional survey of 9124 eligible women (who had a live birth in 59 days preceding the survey) conducted in 25 districts of Uttar Pradesh, India, in 2018, were used. Simple random sampling was used to randomly select 40 Community Development Blocks (sub district administrative units) in 25 districts. The Primary Sampling Units (PSUs), health service delivery unit for frontline workers, were selected randomly from a linelisting of PSUs in each selected Community Development Block. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to assess the association of prenatal counselling and postnatal support on early initiation of breastfeeding in public, private and home deliveries. Results Overall 48.1% of mothers initiated breastfeeding within an hour, with major variation by place of delivery (61.2% public, 23.6% private and 32.6% home). The adjusted odds ratio (aOR) of early initiation of breastfeeding was highest among mothers who received both counselling and support (aOR 2.67; 95% CI 2.30, 3.11), followed by those who received only support (aOR 1.99; 95% CI 1.73, 2.28), and only counselling (aOR 1.40; 95% CI 1.18, 1.67) compared to mothers who received none. The odds of early initiation of breastfeeding was highest among mothers who received both prenatal counselling and postnatal support irrespective of delivery at public health facilities (aOR 2.49; 95% CI 2.07, 3.01), private health facilities (aOR 3.50; 95% CI 2.25, 5.44), or home (aOR 2.84; 95% CI 2.02, 3.98). Conclusions A significant association of prenatal counselling and postnatal support immediately after birth on improving early initiation of breastfeeding, irrespective of place of delivery, indicates the importance of enhancing coverage of both the interventions through community and facility-based programs in Uttar Pradesh.

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Trends in early initiation of breastfeeding in Bangladesh and a multilevel analysis approach to find its determinants

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-84412-5 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Foyez Ahmmed ◽

Muhammad Mahabub Rahaman Manik

Keyword(s):

Wealth Index ◽

Early Initiation ◽

Multiple Birth ◽

Demographic And Health Surveys ◽

Antenatal Visit ◽

Regression Result ◽

Chi Square ◽

Early Initiation Of Breastfeeding ◽

The Hierarchical Structure ◽

Initiation Of Breastfeeding

AbstractEarly initiation of breastfeeding (EIBF) is an essential practice for child health as well as for maternal health. This study aims to determine trends, prevalence, and factors associated with EIBF in Bangladesh. Data for this study were extracted from Bangladesh demographic and health surveys (BDHS) 2004, 2007, 2011, and 2014. This study found an increasing trend in EIBF in Bangladesh irrespective of the different characteristics of mothers and children. Chi-square test was conducted to find the association between EIBF and different factors. Multilevel logistic regression analysis was used to consider the hierarchical structure of the data. Regression result showed that educated parents [Adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 1.14, 95% Confidence Interval (CI) = 1.04, 1.26 ], exposure to media [AOR = 1.13, CI = 1.05, 1.21], 2nd or 3rd birth order [AOR = 1.13, CI = 1.04, 1.23], wanted child [AOR = 1.12, CI = 1.02, 1.23], antenatal visit [AOR = 1.07, CI = 1.00, 1.15], antenatal visit by medically trained provider [AOR = 1.06, CI = 1.00,1.13] and rich wealth index [AOR = 1.10, CI = 1.01, 1.20] were positively associated with EIBF. In contrast, mothers with caesarian delivery [AOR = 0.36, CI = 0.31, 0.40], delivery in private facility [AOR = 0.83, CI = 0.73, 0.95], multiple birth, and higher maternal age were less likely to EIBF.

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Higher rates of early initiation of breastfeeding associated with health facility delivery in Nepal

European Journal of Public Health ◽

10.1093/eurpub/ckaa165.1121 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽

Author(s):

D Dharel ◽

A Bhattarai ◽

Y R Paudel ◽

P Acharya ◽

K Acharya

Keyword(s):

Health Facility ◽

Newborn Care ◽

Facility Delivery ◽

Early Initiation ◽

Health Facility Delivery ◽

Essential Newborn Care ◽

Place Of Delivery ◽

Early Initiation Of Breastfeeding ◽

Nationally Representative ◽

Initiation Of Breastfeeding

Abstract Background Initiation of breastfeeding within one hour from birth is one of the five key essential newborn care messages, implemented along with birth preparedness package since 2008. This study aimed to determine the trend of early initiation of breastfeeding (EIBF) and to assess the effect of health facility delivery on EIBF in Nepal. Methods We analyzed the data from the last four nationally representative Nepal Demographic and Health Surveys (NDHS) conducted in 2001,2006,2011 and 2016. Data on the early initiation of breastfeeding was obtained from the mothers of infants born within 24 months prior to the survey. The explanatory variable was the place of delivery, dichotomized as either the health facility, or home delivery. Survey year had a significant interaction with the place of delivery. Multivariable logistic regression was conducted separately on pooled samples before (NDHS 2001 and 2006) and after (NDHS 2011 and 2016) the program implementation. Adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) for EIBF was calculated after adjusting for predetermined covariates. Results The rate of EIBF increased by 26.5% points (from 32.8% in 2001 to 59.3% in 2016) among infants delivered in a health facility, compared to an increase by 17.1% points (from 29.9% to 47.0%) among home born infants. EIBF increased by 32.5% points before, compared to 49.7% points after BPP. Delivery in a health facility was associated with a higher odd of EIBF in later years (AOR2.3, 95% CI 2.0,2.8), but not in earlier years (AOR1.3, 95% CI 0.9,2.0). Delivery by caesarean section, first-born infant, and lack of maternal education were associated with a lower rate of EIBF in both periods. Conclusions Higher EIBF was associated with health facility delivery in Nepal, only after programmatic emphasis on essential newborn care messages. This implies the need for explicit focus on EIBF at birth, particularly when mother is less educated, primiparous or undergoing operative delivery. Key messages The rate of initiation of breastfeeding within an hour from birth is increasing in Nepal, with higher rates in health facility delivery, as shown by the recent four nationally representative surveys. Programmatic focus on essential newborn care messages may have contributed to significant association of higher rates of early initiation of breastfeeding when delivered in health facility.

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HUBUNGAN PENGETAHUAN SIKAP DENGAN INISIASI MENYUSU DINI PADA IBU POST PARTUM DI RUANG VK IRINA D BLU RSUP PROF R.D. KANDOUMANADO

e-NERS ◽

10.35790/ens.v1i1.1795 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Fransisca M.A. Wowiling ◽

Benny Wantouw ◽

Julia Rottie

Keyword(s):

Post Partum ◽

Early Initiation ◽

Breastfeeding Initiation ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Significance Level ◽

Early Initiation Of Breastfeeding ◽

Chi Square Test ◽

Knowledge And Attitude ◽

Initiation Of Breastfeeding

Abstract: Early Initiation of Breastfeeding is the baby starts to suckle his own soon after birth, as long as the skin is left in contact with his mother, at least 1 hour after birth. How to initiate early breastfeeding baby was named after the breast crawl or crawl seek his own breast. This study aims to gain an overview of the relationship between knowledge and attitude of mothers VK (maternity) Prof Dr Irina D BLU. R.D. Kandou Manado. Design of this study used cross sectional method where the entire population is a normal post partum mothers in space VK (Maternity) Prof Dr Irina D BLU. R.D. Kandou Manado with a sample size of 30 responden. Data responde collected using questionnaires and observation sheets then the data presented preformance cross tabulation tables and chi square test with a significance level of 0.05. Based on the results of the study showed that of the chi square test results obtained ρ value > 0.05. It states that there is no correlation between knowledge and attitude with the implementation of early breastfeeding initiation (IMD) in mothers post partum in space VK (maternity) Prof. Dr Irina D BLU R.D. Kandou Manado. Keywords: Knowledge and Attitude Post Partum Mom, Implementation of Early Initiation of Breastfeeding (IMD). Abstrak: Inisiasi Menyusu Dini adalah bayi mulai menyusu sendiri segera setelah lahir, asalkan dibiarkan kontak dengan kulit ibunya, setidaknya 1 jam setelah lahir. Cara bayi melakukan inisiasi menyusu dini ini dinamakan the breast crawl atau merangkak mencari payudara sendiri. Penelitian ini bertujuan memperoleh gambaran mengenai hubungan pengetahuan dan sikap ibu post partum dengan pelaksanaan inisiasi menyusu dini (IMD) di Ruang VK (bersalin) Irina D BLU RSUP Prof. R.D. Kandou Manado. Desain penelitian ini menggunakan metode cross sectional dimana populasinya adalah keseluruhan ibu post partum secara normal di Ruang VK (Bersalin) Irina D BLU RSUP Prof. R.D. Kandou Manado dengan besar sampel 30 responden.Data dikumpulkan dari responde dengan menggunakan lembar kuisioner dan observasi kemudian data disajikan dalm tabel tabulasi silang dan uji chi square dengan derajat kemaknaan 0,05. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dari hasil uji chi square didapatkan nilai ρ > 0,05. Ini menyatakan bahwa tidak ada hubungan pengetahuan dan sikap dengan pelaksanaan inisiasi menyusu dini (IMD) pada ibu post partum di Ruang VK (bersalin) Irina D BLU RSUP Prof.Dr. R.D. Kandou Manado. Kata kunci: PengetahuandanSikapIbuPost Partum, Pelaksanaan Inisiasi Menyusu Dini (IMD).

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PENGARUH INISIASI MENYUSU DINI TERHADAP KONTRAKSI UTERUS PADA IBU NIFAS DI PUSKESMAS SLAWI KABUPATEN TEGAL

Jurnal SMART Kebidanan ◽

10.34310/sjkb.v6i1.247 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 31

Author(s):

Ike Putri Setyatama ◽

Ika Esti Anggraeni ◽

Siti Erniyati Berkah Pamuji

Keyword(s):

Uterine Contraction ◽

Health Centre ◽

Case Control ◽

Early Initiation ◽

P Value ◽

District Health ◽

Chi Square ◽

Early Initiation Of Breastfeeding ◽

Relationship Of ◽

Initiation Of Breastfeeding

Perdarahan merupakan penyebab utama kematian ibu di Kabupaten Tegal pada Tahun 2017. Berdasarkan hasil survei di Puskesmas Slawi tahun 2018, terdapat 30 ibu bersalin yang mengalami perdarahan postpartum. Inisiasi Menyusu Dini (IMD) adalah perilaku pencarian puting payudara ibu sesaat setelah bayi lahir. Melaksanakan IMD akan menstimulasi produksi hormon oksitosin secara alami. Hormon Oksitosin ini membantu uterus berkontraksi, sehingga dapat mengontrol perdarahan nifas.Tujuan penelitian untuk menganalisis pengaruh IMD terhadap kontraksi uterus pada ibu nifas di Puskesmas Slawi. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah ibu yang bersalin di Puskesmas Slawi periode bulan Januari-Desember tahun 2018 sebanyak 215 responden, dan sampel sebanyak 140 responden. Desain penelitian ini menggunakan metode survei dengan pendekatan case control. Berdasarkan perhitungan Chi Square dengan α = 0,05 diperoleh nilai p sebesar 0,029. Karena nilai p < α berarti secara statistik hasil pengujian signifikan, berarti ada hubungan antara variabel, dan hasil uji statistik pengaruh dengan Regresi Logistik, diperoleh nilai Sig. 0,029, berarti ada pengaruh antara variabel dengan R Square 0,034, berarti bahwa variabel IMD berpengaruh terhadap kontraksi uterus sebesar 3,4%. Kesimpulan dalam penelitian ini ada hubungan dan ada pengaruh IMD terhadap kontraksi uterus ibu nifas di Puskesmas Slawi Kabupaten Tegal. Kata kunci : inisiasi menyusu dini; kontraksi uterusTHE EFFECT OF EARLY INITIATION OF BREASTFEEDING TOWARDS UTERINE CONTRACTION FOR POSTPARTUM MOTHER AT PUSKESMAS SLAWI TEGAL REGENCY Hemorrhage is the main cause of maternal mortality in Tegal regency 2017. Based on the survey at Slawi District Health Centre, in January – December 2018, there were 30 women in labor with postpartum hemorrhage. Early Initiation of Breastfeeding (IMD) is an act performed by the baby in finding mother’s nipple after born. IMD will stimulate oxytocin hormones helping uterine to get contraction and can control hemorrhage after labor. The study was aimed to analyze the effect of IMD towards uterine contraction for postpartum mother at Slawi District Health Centre. The population was women in labor at Puskesmas Slawi as 215 respondents; the sample was 140 women in labor, and performed or not performed IMD The research design applied case control study..Based on Chi Square with α = 0.05, p value was 0.029. It refused Ho; there was a relationship of those variables. The logistic regression described that Sig. value was 0.029; it showed an effect of those variables with R square of 0.034 stating IMD had an effect of uterine contraction as 3.4%. Therefore, there were a relationship and an effect of IMD towards uterine contraction of postpartum mother at Puskesmas Slawi. Keywords: early initiation of breastfeeding; uterine contraction

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Sikap Ibu Hamil terhadap Inisiasi Menyusu Dini

Journal Midwifery Jurusan Kebidanan Politeknik Kesehatan Gorontalo ◽

10.52365/jm.v6i1.319 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 27

Author(s):

Siti Choirul Dwi Astuti

Keyword(s):

Simple Random Sampling ◽

Early Initiation ◽

Reproductive Age ◽

Validity And Reliability ◽

Third Trimester ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Early Initiation Of Breastfeeding ◽

Analytical Research ◽

Initiation Of Breastfeeding

Early initiation of breastfeeding is still difficult to implement because the mother's knowledge about early initiation of breastfeeding is still lacking. Whereas one of the factors that determine the mother's attitude towards early initiation of breastfeeding is because the mother has information about early initiation of breastfeeding. For this reason, the purpose of this study is the influence of knowledge on the mother's attitude to initiate early breastfeeding. The population in this study were all third-trimester pregnant women who visited the RB where the study was conducted and the sample was determined using simple random sampling. This research includes analytical research with a cross-sectional approach. The method used for data analysis using Chi-Square. The questionnaire is used as a tool that has been tested for validity and reliability. The results of this study, the majority of respondents have the characteristics of healthy reproductive age, secondary education and good knowledge have a positive attitude towards early initiation of breastfeeding. This study concludes that there is a relationship between age, education, and knowledge of mothers' attitudes in the early initiation of breastfeeding.

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FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN INISIASI MENYUSU DINI (IMD) DI KABUPATEN BANTUL

Media Ilmu Kesehatan ◽

10.30989/mik.v6i2.193 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

pp. 168-172

Author(s):

Afi Lutfiyati ◽

Fitri Haryanti ◽

Lely Lusmilasari

Keyword(s):

Exclusive Breastfeeding ◽

Maternal Education ◽

Secondary Data ◽

Early Initiation ◽

Bivariate Analysis ◽

Chi Square ◽

Early Initiation Of Breastfeeding ◽

Maternal Occupation ◽

Clinically Significant ◽

Initiation Of Breastfeeding

Background: Early initiation of breastfeeding can reduce the infants mortality under the age of 28 days and can affect exclusive breastfeeding process (Roesli, 2010). In early initiation of breastfeeding and exclusive breastfeeding, there is disparities of each health center in Bantul district. Objective: The aim of this study was to identify the association between maternal education, maternal occupation, place of childbirth, birth attendant, and health provider’s support with early initiation of breastfeeding. Methods: The study was conducted from March 23 to April 13, 2014, used crossectional design. Subjects were the entire breastfeeding mothers with infants aged 6-8 months who meet the inclusion and exclusion criteria (204 samples). Sampling with consecutive tecnique. Data obtained from secondary data and questionnaires. Data Analysis with SPSS using Chi-square test. Results: In bivariate analysis, there was no statistically and clinically significant association between maternal education with early initiation of breastfeeding p=0.882; OR=0.9; 95% CI=0.44 to 2.03, maternal occupation p=0.463 : OR=1.3 : 95% CI=0.65 to 2.59 , and birth attendant p=0.211 : OR=4.8 : 95% CI=3.69 to 6.33. Other factors that have a statistically and clinically significant association with early initiation of breastfeeding is the place of childbitrh p=0.007 OR=16.4; 95% CI=1.78 to 150.96 and health provider’s supports p=0.001 : OR=4.4 : 95% CI=2.03 to 9.68. Conclusions and suggestions: There is statistically and clinically significant association between place of childbirth and health provider’s supports with early initiation of breastfeeding. Further research is expected involving the variable support of her husband/family with a prospective cohort to examine the association between early initiation of breastfeeding with exclusive breastfeeding. Keywords: Early Initiation of Breastfeeding, maternal education, maternal occupation, birth attendant, place of childbirth, health provider’s supports.

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Early initiation of breastfeeding among recently delivered mothers in a rural area of Moradabad, India

International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health ◽

10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20195058 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 6 (11) ◽

pp. 4799

Author(s):

Neha Goyal

Keyword(s):

Rural Area ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Early Initiation ◽

World Health ◽

Outcome Variable ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Timely Initiation ◽

Early Initiation Of Breastfeeding ◽

Initiation Of Breastfeeding

Background: Early initiation of breastfeeding defined by World Health Organization as initiation of breastfeeding within one hour of birth, provides new-borns the best chance for survival, growth and development. Yet the rates of early initiation are still low (41.5%), varying widely in different parts of India. Present study was done to find the proportion of early initiation of breastfeeding and associated factors in a rural area.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among 73 recently delivered mothers residing in a rural area of Moradabad, who were interviewed using a semi structured questionnaire with early initiation of breastfeeding as outcome variable. For statistical analysis Chi-square and Fisher’s exact tests were used.Results: 61.64% recently delivered mothers responded that they had initiated breastfeeding within one hour of delivery. Early initiation was significantly lower among working mothers as compared to housewives. No significant differences in timely initiation have been found with mother age, religion and type of family. However significant association of early initiation was found between full antenatal care (ANC) and breastfeeding counselling.Conclusions: More than sixty percent mothers initiated breastfeeding within an hour of delivery. Full ANC and breastfeeding counselling can help in improving rates of early initiation.

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