Polymeric Foam Pressure-sensing Pens for Measuring Written Language Production

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carson Miller Rigoli ◽  
Mickäel Pruvost ◽  
Annie Colin ◽  
Eva Wittenberg
Keyword(s):  
Language Production ◽  
Behavioral Science ◽  
Pressure Sensors ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Human Cognition ◽  
Pressure Sensing ◽  
Handwriting Behavior ◽  
New Research ◽  
External Behavior

Abstract To understand human cognition, cognitive and behavioral scientists measure external behavior using a variety of tools. However, many of these tools are not sensitive enough to detect small changes in behavior, they are too costly, or they can only be used in dedicated lab space, thus limiting behavioral science from studying many populations. Here, we present a reliable, robust, cost-effective device that can measure small modulations in human handwriting behavior through pressure sensing on the writing instrument itself. This is made possible through a cross-disciplinary approach, combining advantages of new, high-sensitivity pressure sensors and experimental psycholinguistics. We show that this instrument is reliable and sensitive to the typical pressure range in writing. Then, we present a proof of concept from an experimental replication and demonstrate the utility of handwriting pressure measurement in a classic experimental paradigm, thus opening new research directions in psycholinguistics, cognitive science, and psychology.

scholarly journals Flexible Ecoflex®/Graphene Nanoplatelet Foams for Highly Sensitive Low-Pressure Sensors

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (16) ◽  
pp. 4406
Author(s):  
Marco Fortunato ◽  
Irene Bellagamba ◽  
Alessio Tamburrano ◽  
Maria Sabrina Sarto
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Pressure Sensors ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Low Pressure ◽  
Human Motion ◽  
Compression Tests ◽  
Piezoresistive Sensors ◽  
Human Motion Detection ◽  
Pressure Regime

The high demand for multifunctional devices for smart clothing applications, human motion detection, soft robotics, and artificial electronic skins has encouraged researchers to develop new high-performance flexible sensors. In this work, we fabricated and tested new 3D squeezable Ecoflex® open cell foams loaded with different concentrations of graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) in order to obtain lightweight, soft, and cost-effective piezoresistive sensors with high sensitivity in a low-pressure regime. We analyzed the morphology of the produced materials and characterized both the mechanical and piezoresistive response of samples through quasi-static cyclic compression tests. Results indicated that sensors infiltrated with 1 mg of ethanol/GNP solution with a GNP concentration of 3 mg/mL were more sensitive and stable compared to those infiltrated with the same amount of ethanol/GNP solution but with a lower GNP concentration. The electromechanical response of the sensors showed a negative piezoresistive behavior up to ~10 kPa and an opposite trend for the 10–40 kPa range. The sensors were particularly sensitive at very low deformations, thus obtaining a maximum sensitivity of 0.28 kPa−1 for pressures lower than 10 kPa.

Review of high sensitivity fibre-optic pressure sensors for low pressure sensing

2020 ◽  
Vol 121 ◽  
pp. 105841 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Vorathin ◽  
Z.M. Hafizi ◽  
N. Ismail ◽  
M. Loman
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Sensors ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Low Pressure ◽  
Fibre Optic ◽  
Pressure Sensing

Novel silicone-based capacitive pressure sensors with high sensitivity for biomedical applications

e-Polymers ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Khalil Arshak ◽  
Deirdre Morris ◽  
Olga Korostynska ◽  
Essa Jafer ◽  
Arousian Arshak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Properties ◽  
Carbon Black ◽  
Silicone Rubber ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Pressure Sensors ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Pressure Sensing ◽  
Mechanical And Electrical Properties ◽  
Full Investigation ◽  
Carbon Loading

Abstract In this work, an investigation of the pressure-sensing properties of a silicone rubber was conducted. Small amounts of carbon black were added to the silicone during fabrication and the effect on the sensitivity was explored. A full investigation of the mechanical and electrical properties of each composition shows that adding carbon black to the material greatly increases its sensitivity to pressure. This increase in sensitivity appears to be related to improvements in the material’s permittivity, which increases with carbon loading.

Design of biomimetic human-skin-like tactile flexible sensor

Sensor Review ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 397-406
Author(s):  
Xiaozhou Lu ◽  
Xi Xie ◽  
Qiaobo Gao ◽  
Hanlun Hu ◽  
Jiayi Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Skin ◽  
Pressure Sensor ◽  
Material Selection ◽  
Pressure Sensors ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Structure Design ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Lower Electrode ◽  
Pressure Sensing ◽  
Content Type

Purpose The hands of intelligent robots perceive external stimuli and respond effectively according to tactile or pressure sensors. However, the traditional tactile and pressure sensors cannot perform human-skin-like intelligent properties of high sensitivity, large measurement range, multi-function and flexibility simultaneously. The purpose of this paper is to present a flexible tactile-pressure sensor based on hyper-elastics polydimethylsiloxane and plate capacitance. Design/methodology/approach With regard to this problem, this paper presents a flexible tactile-pressure sensor based on hyper-elastics PDMS and plate capacitance. The sensor has a size of 10 mm × 10 mm × 1.3 mm and is composed of four upper electrodes, one middle driving electrode and one lower electrode. The authors first analyzed the structure and the tactile-pressure sensing principle of human skin to obtain the design parameters of the sensor. Then they presented the working principle, material selection and mechanical structure design and fabrication process of the sensor. The authors also fabricated several sample devices of the sensor and carried out experiments to establish the relationship between the sensor output and the pressure. Findings The results show that the tactile part of the sensor can measure a range of 0.05-1N/mm2 micro pressure with a sensitivity of 2.93 per cent/N and a linearity of 0.03 per cent. The pressure part of the sensor can measure a range of 1-30N/mm2 pressure with a sensitivity of 0.08 per cent/N and a linearity of 0.07 per cent. Originality/value This paper analyzes the tactile and pressure sensing principles of human skin and develop an intelligent sensitive human-skin-like tactile-pressure sensor for intelligent robot perception systems. The sensor can achieve to imitate the tactile and pressure function simultaneously with a measurement resolution of 0.01 N and a spatial resolution of 2 mm.

scholarly journals High Sensitivity Fiber Gas Pressure Sensor with Two Separated Fabry–Pérot Interferometers Based on the Vernier Effect

Photonics ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 31
Author(s):  
Xiaokang Song ◽  
Liangtao Hou ◽  
Xiangyu Wei ◽  
Hang Su ◽  
Chang Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Sensor ◽  
Pressure Sensors ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Single Mode ◽  
Gas Pressure ◽  
Pressure Sensing ◽  
Fabry Perot ◽  
Inner Diameter ◽  
Vernier Effect ◽  
Micro Cavity

A high sensitivity optical fiber gas pressure sensor based on paralleled Fabry–Pérot interferometers (FPIs) was demonstrated. One micro-cavity FPI is used as a reference FPI (FPI-1) to generate a Vernier effect and the other FPI (FPI-2) is used as a sensing tip. Both FPIs are connected by a 3-dB coupler to form a paralleled structure. The FPI-1 was fabricated by fusion splicing a piece of hollow core fiber (HCF) between two sections of single-mode fibers (SMF), whereas FPI-2 was formed by fusion splicing a section of HCF between SMF and a piece of HCF with a slightly smaller inner diameter for sensing pressure. The gas pressure sensitivity was amplified from 4 nm/MPa of single FPI to 45.76 nm/MPa of paralleled FPIs with an amplification factor of 11.44 and a linearity of 99.9%. Compared with the traditional fiber gas pressure sensors, the proposed sensor showed great advantages in sensitivity, mechanical strength, cost, and temperature influence resistant, which has potential in adverse-circumstance gas pressure sensing.

scholarly journals High-Porosity Foam-Based Iontronic Pressure Sensor with Superhigh Sensitivity of 9280 kPa−1

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Qingxian Liu ◽  
Yuan Liu ◽  
Junli Shi ◽  
Zhiguang Liu ◽  
Quan Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Sensor ◽  
Mechanical Stability ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Pressure Sensors ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Soft Materials ◽  
Polyurethane Foams ◽  
High Porosity ◽  
Functional Layer

Abstract Flexible pressure sensors with high sensitivity are desired in the fields of electronic skins, human–machine interfaces, and health monitoring. Employing ionic soft materials with microstructured architectures in the functional layer is an effective way that can enhance the amplitude of capacitance signal due to generated electron double layer and thus improve the sensitivity of capacitive-type pressure sensors. However, the requirement of specific apparatus and the complex fabrication process to build such microstructures lead to high cost and low productivity. Here, we report a simple strategy that uses open-cell polyurethane foams with high porosity as a continuous three-dimensional network skeleton to load with ionic liquid in a one-step soak process, serving as the ionic layer in iontronic pressure sensors. The high porosity (95.4%) of PU-IL composite foam shows a pretty low Young’s modulus of 3.4 kPa and good compressibility. A superhigh maximum sensitivity of 9,280 kPa−1 in the pressure regime and a high pressure resolution of 0.125% are observed in this foam-based pressure sensor. The device also exhibits remarkable mechanical stability over 5,000 compression-release or bending-release cycles. Such high porosity of composite structure provides a simple, cost-effective and scalable way to fabricate super sensitive pressure sensor, which has prominent capability in applications of water wave detection, underwater vibration sensing, and mechanical fault monitoring.

Concluding Summary

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carrie Figdor
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
External Factors ◽  
Cognitive Capacity ◽  
Human Cognition ◽  
Conceptual Foundation ◽  
The Social ◽  
New Research ◽  
Internal And External Factors ◽  
Conceptual Confusion

Chapter 10 provides a summary of the argument of the book. It elaborates some of the benefits of Literalism, such as less conceptual confusion and an expanded range of entities for research that might illuminate human cognition. It motivates distinguishing the questions of whether something has a cognitive capacity from whether it is intuitively like us. It provides a conceptual foundation for the social sciences appropriate for the increasing role of modeling in these sciences. It also promotes convergence in terms of the roles of internal and external factors in explaining both human and nonhuman behavior. Finally, it sketches some of the areas of new research that it supports, including group cognition and artificial intelligence.

scholarly journals Multiplexed detection of SARS-CoV-2 and other respiratory infections in high throughput by SARSeq

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramesh Yelagandula ◽  
◽  
Aleksandr Bykov ◽  
Alexander Vogt ◽  
Robert Heinen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Influenza A ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Massively Parallel ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Viral Spread ◽  
Saliva Analysis ◽  
Double Blinded ◽  
Generation Sequencing

AbstractThe COVID-19 pandemic has demonstrated the need for massively-parallel, cost-effective tests monitoring viral spread. Here we present SARSeq, saliva analysis by RNA sequencing, a method to detect SARS-CoV-2 and other respiratory viruses on tens of thousands of samples in parallel. SARSeq relies on next generation sequencing of multiple amplicons generated in a multiplexed RT-PCR reaction. Two-dimensional, unique dual indexing, using four indices per sample, enables unambiguous and scalable assignment of reads to individual samples. We calibrate SARSeq on SARS-CoV-2 synthetic RNA, virions, and hundreds of human samples of various types. Robustness and sensitivity were virtually identical to quantitative RT-PCR. Double-blinded benchmarking to gold standard quantitative-RT-PCR performed by human diagnostics laboratories confirms this high sensitivity. SARSeq can be used to detect Influenza A and B viruses and human rhinovirus in parallel, and can be expanded for detection of other pathogens. Thus, SARSeq is ideally suited for differential diagnostic of infections during a pandemic.

CMOS-MEMS Based Current Mirror MOSFET Embedded Pressure Sensor for Healthcare and Biomedical Applications

2013 ◽  
Vol 647 ◽  
pp. 315-320 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pradeep Kumar Rathore ◽  
Brishbhan Singh Panwar
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Sensor ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Circuit Simulation ◽  
Applied Pressure ◽  
Pressure Sensors ◽  
Cmos Technology ◽  
Current Mirror ◽  
Sensing Element ◽  
Pressure Sensing ◽  
Cmos Mems

This paper reports on the design and optimization of current mirror MOSFET embedded pressure sensor. A current mirror circuit with an output current of 1 mA integrated with a pressure sensing n-channel MOSFET has been designed using standard 5 µm CMOS technology. The channel region of the pressure sensing MOSFET forms the flexible diaphragm as well as the strain sensing element. The piezoresistive effect in MOSFET has been exploited for the calculation of strain induced carrier mobility variation. The output transistor of the current mirror forms the active pressure sensing MOSFET which produces a change in its drain current as a result of altered channel mobility under externally applied pressure. COMSOL Multiphysics is utilized for the simulation of pressure sensing structure and Tspice is employed to evaluate the characteristics of the current mirror pressure sensing circuit. Simulation results show that the pressure sensor has a sensitivity of 10.01 mV/MPa. The sensing structure has been optimized through simulation for enhancing the sensor sensitivity to 276.65 mV/MPa. These CMOS-MEMS based pressure sensors integrated with signal processing circuitry on the same chip can be used for healthcare and biomedical applications.

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