scholarly journals Prevalence, Characteristics, and Associated Risk Factors of Wrist Fractures in Americans Above 50: the Cross-sectional NHANES Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juncai Ye ◽  
Qiao Li ◽  
Jing Nie
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Wrist Fracture ◽  
Population Characteristics ◽  
Excessive Drinking ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Wrist Fractures ◽  
Standing Height ◽  
Potential Risk Factors

Abstract BackgroundWrist fractures, also known as distal radius fractures, are the most common fractures occurred in the upper limb. This study is conducted in the purpose of evaluating the prevalence, characteristics, and associated factors of wrist fractures in Americans that aged 50 and above.MethodsData of Americans aged 50 or above from the year 2013 to 2014 and 2017 to 2018 in NHANES was extracted and analyzed. Based on orthopedist's diagnosis, we further conducted surveys to determine the condition of wrist fractures, and collected relevant epidemiological and demographic data. The prevalence of wrist fractures and other statistics were calculated to study population characteristics and analyze potential risk factors associated with wrist fractures.ResultsThe prevalence of wrist fractures among Americans whose age was 50 or above was 12%, with similar results between men and women patients (male 12.8 % vs female 11.4 %, P = 0.267). Male and female Americans’ first wrist fracture occurred at a mean age of 29.4. 17.8% of Americans aged 50 and above had experienced two fractures, while 1.7% of Americans even experienced four or more fractures. The top two causes of the first fracture were falling down from standing height (56%) and violent falls (34.8%). Multivariate analysis showed that osteoporosis (OR = 2.2, 95% CI = 1.7-2.9), excessive drinking (OR = 1.8, 95% CI = 1.3-2.4), smoking (OR = 1.6, 95% CI = 1.2-2.1), prednisolone administration (OR = 1.5, 95% CI = 1.1-2.1) and obesity (OR = 0.8, 95% CI = 0.6-0.9) were independently associated with wrist fractures. Gender was not an independent risk factor associated with wrist fractures.ConclusionsThe prevalence of wrist fractures in Americans aged 50 and above was 12 %. The prevalence was similar between male and female patients. Falling from a standing height was the main cause of the first wrist fracture. Osteoporosis, excessive drinking, smoking and prednisolone administration were risk factors of wrist fractures, while obesity was negatively correlated.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Potential Risk Factors Associated with High Sodium : Intake among Chinese-Haw Tribal in the Rural Area of Chiang Rai Province, Northern Thailand

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-29
Author(s):  
Phatcharin Winyangkul ◽  
Lakkana Thaikruea ◽  
Penprapa Siviroj ◽  
Sakda Pruenglampoo
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Potential Risk ◽  
Sodium Intake ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Dietary Sodium ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High Sodium ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
High Sodium Intake ◽  
Potential Risk Factors

Background: Sodium intake has a known association with increasing hypertension, cause of death from Cardiovascular Diseases (CVDs) worldwide. Ethnic group is increasingly exposed to risk factors to CVD causing of the urbanization and cultural changes. Methods: This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the prevalence and potential factors associated with high sodium intake in the Chinese-Haw tribe in Chiang Rai province. Stratified random sampling was used to recruit participants. Face-to-face interviews were used for demographic data and assessment of dietary sodium knowledge, self-efficacy and food consumption. For dietary sodium intake, first-morning urine were collected for identifying concentration of sodium in millimoles per litre (mmol/L) using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. Unconditional multiple logistic regression was used for determining risk factors associated with high sodium intake. Results: There were 302 participants of which majority were women (71.9%), with average age of 49.50 years (±12.12 S.D.). The prevalence of sodium intake was 90.70% more than 2,000 mg/day (High). The association between potential risk factors and high sodium intake revealed that men had higher risk than women (Risk Ratio 1.13, 95%CI 1.07 - 1.19). Multivariate analysis revealed only gender can predict a high sodium intake after adjusted for smoking patterns and alcohol consumption (adjusted odds ratio 13.73, CI 1.43 - 131.95). Conclusion: Prevalence of excess sodium intake per day in the Chinese-Haw tribe was high. This might lead to unhealthy effects. The population at risk should receive appropriate intervention urgently.

scholarly journals Risk factors for community transmission of SARS-CoV-2. A cross-sectional study in 116,678 people

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eyrun F. Kjetland ◽  
Karl Trygve Kalleberg ◽  
Camilla Lund Søraas ◽  
Bato Hammarström ◽  
Tor Åge Myklebust ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Lower Odds ◽  
Potential Risk Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional Design ◽  
Lower Odds Ratio

AbstractBackgroundThe risk factors for SARS-CoV-2 transmission are not well characterised in Western populations. We sought to identify potential risk factors for transmission and actionable information to prevent for SARS-CoV-2.MethodsIndividuals tested for SARS-CoV-2 at four major laboratories were invited. In addition, participants were sampled by convenience after a media campaign. Self-reported test results were compared with laboratory results, demographic data and behavioural facts were collected using a digital platform. In a cross-sectional design positive cases were compared with negative and untested control groups.FindingsApproximately 14 days after a countrywide lockdown in Norway, 116,678 participants were included. Median age was 46 years, 44% had children in preschool or in school; 18% were practicing health professionals. International flights, contact with infected, and gatherings of more than 50 people, were associated with high risk. Health professionals who used public transport were at higher risk of testing positive than those who did not. Having undergone light infections, the last six months was strongly associated with lower odds ratio of SARS-CoV-2 positivity. Contact with children, use of hand sanitiser and use of protective gloves in private were also associated with lower odds ratio of testing positive for SARS-CoV-2.InterpretationFurther research is needed to explore if being a parent or looking after children is associated with lower risk of SARS-CoV-2 positivity in the next phases of the pandemic. Immunological research should be done to determine the effects of prior trivial infections on SARS-CoV-2 infection. We confirm that large gatherings during the pandemic should be avoided and those who are infected, or under suspicion thereof, posed very high risks to others this population.

scholarly journals HAVING CONTACT HISTORY WITH TB ACTIVE CASES AND MALNUTRITION AS RISK FACTORS OF TB INCIDENCE: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY IN NORTH SUMATERA, INDONESIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 192-198
Author(s):  
Frans Yosep Sitepu ◽  
Wiwit Aditama ◽  
Elpiani Depari
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Health Centers ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Potential Risk Factors

Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality. It is carrying a heavy public health problem burden in Indonesia. This study aimed to determine the risk of poor knowledge of TB, socioeconomic status, malnutrition and contact history with TB cases with the incidence of TB in Medan. This was a cross sectional study conducted between May – August 2019 in Medan municipality, in the three highest TB cases incidence public health centers (puskesmas). Structural interviews were conducted to solicit demographic data, clinical data, as well as the risk factors. Logistic regression was conducted to assess the potential risk factors associated with the infection. We enrolled 260 clinically suspected cases of TB, comprising 135 (51.9%) cases positive for TB and 125 (48.1%) cases negative for TB. In multivariate model, those who had contact history with active TB cases and those who malnourished had higher odds of having TB infection, with adjusted odds ratio (aOR): 5.58 (95%CI:3.13–9.93) and aOR: 3.36 (95%CI: 1.87–6.02), respectively. Having contact history with TB active case and malnutrition were the most significant risk factors of TB incidence in Medan municipality, North Sumatera, Indonesia. Therefore, educating patients on the importance of cough or sneezes etiquette procedures including use of face masks to minimize the risk of infection.

scholarly journals Seroprevalence of Leptospira in Racehorses and Broodmares in New Zealand

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1952
Author(s):  
Charlotte F. Bolwell ◽  
Chris W. Rogers ◽  
Jackie Benschop ◽  
Julie M. Collins-Emerson ◽  
Brooke Adams ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Level Information ◽  
Potential Risk Factors ◽  
Thoroughbred Racing

A cross-sectional survey was conducted to determine the seroprevalence of Leptospira in a cohort of horses and to evaluate potential risk factors for Leptospira seropositivity in horses in New Zealand. The convenience sample included 499 Thoroughbred racing and breeding horses from 25 commercial properties in North Island, New Zealand. A questionnaire was used to collect demographic data on horses and property-level information on grazing and management practices, pest (rodent) management, access to natural waterways, other livestock on the property, and possible contact with wildlife. The microscopic agglutination test was used to test sera for serovars Ballum, Copenhageni, Hardjo (bovis), Pomona, and Tarassovi. Logistic regression was used to investigate the risk factors for Leptospira seropositivity to at least one serovar and for each serovar individually. A total of 124 (25%, 95% confidence interval (CI) 21–29%) horses had positive titres to any one of the five serovars. The seroprevalence of Ballum, Copenhageni, Hardjo (bovis), Pomona, and Tarassovi was 5% (95% CI 3–7%), 9% (95% CI 7–12%), 6% (95% CI 4–8%), 6% (95% CI 4–8%), and 6% (95% CI 4–8%), respectively. Broodmares, compared to racehorses and alternately grazing horses with sheep, increased the odds of exposure to any one serovar, whilst grazing the same time as sheep and alternately grazing horses with cattle increased the odds of exposure to Ballum and Hardjo (bovis), respectively. Historical exposure to Leptospira in racing and breeding horses was identified, and risk factors were consistent with pasture-based exposure.

scholarly journals The Prevalence and Risk Factors of Wrist Pain among Young Adults in UTAR during Movement Control Order: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 191-202
Author(s):  
Kiruthika Selvakumar ◽  
Liow Yi Sheng
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Movement Control ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Wrist Pain ◽  
Repetitive Movement ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Potential Risk Factors

Introduction: For the past few years wrist pain has been related to repetitive movement of the hand, and the cases has been increasing dramatically. There are numerous factors that causes wrist pain especially occupational factors. Different population has been investigated regarding work-related wrist pain such as, factory workers, programmers, and even gamers. Up to now, there is no data baseline about the prevalence and risk factors of wrist pain among young adults. Objectives: To investigate the prevalence and risk factors of risk pain among young adults in University Tunku Abdul Rahman (UTAR) during Movement Control Disorder. Methods: Questionnaire was adapted from Patient Rated Wrist Evaluation Score (PRWE), Self-Developed Demographic Data was used to determine prevalence and potential risk factors for wrist pain on young adults in UTAR during Movement Control Disorder, by using convenient sampling method. Results: A total number of 144 participants had completed the questionnaire. Most of the participants were 20-25 years old. There are 100 female participants (69.4%) and 44 male participants (29.9%) who enrolled in this research. The prevalence of wrist pain among young adults in UTAR during Movement Control Disorder is relatively high according to PRWE score (71.53%) while according to self-modified questionnaire there are 33 participants who felt the pain at the wrist (22.92%). Conclusion: Repetitive movement of the wrist and poor ergonomics of the hand are the factors that cause of wrist pain among young adults in UTAR. Key words: Prevalence, risk factors, wrist pain, young adults, Movement Control Disorder.

scholarly journals Sero-epidemiological survey of bluetongue disease in one-humped camel (Camelus dromedarius) in Kassala State, Eastern Sudan

2021 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Molhima M. Elmahi ◽  
Mohammed O. Hussien ◽  
Abdel Rahim E. Karrar ◽  
Amira M. Elhassan ◽  
Abdel Rahim M. El Hussein
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Potential Risk ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Potential Risk Factors ◽  
Eastern Sudan

Abstract Background Bluetongue (BT) is a vector-borne viral disease of ruminant and camelid species which is transmitted by Culicoides spp. The causative agent of BT is bluetongue virus (BTV) that belongs to genus Orbivirus of the family Reoviridae. The clinical disease is seen mainly in sheep but mostly sub-clinical infections of BT are seen in cattle, goats and camelids. The clinical reaction of camels to infection is usually not apparent. The disease is notifiable to the World Organization for Animal Health (OIE), causing great economic losses due to decreased trade and high mortality and morbidity rates associated with bluetongue outbreaks. The objective of this study was to investigate the seroprevalence of BTV in camels in Kassala State, Eastern Sudan and to identify the potential risk factors associated with the infection. A cross sectional study using a structured questionnaire survey was conducted during 2015–2016. A total of 210 serum samples were collected randomly from camels from 8 localities of Kassala State. The serum samples were screened for the presence of BTV specific immunoglobulin (IgG) antibodies using a competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (cELISA). Results Seropositivity to BTV IgG was detected in 165 of 210 camels’ sera accounting for a prevalence of 78.6%. Potential risk factors to BTV infection were associated with sex (OR = 0.061, p-value = 0.001) and seasonal river as water source for drinking (OR = 32.257, p-value = 0.0108). Conclusions Sex and seasonal river as water source for drinking were considered as potential risk factors for seropositivity to BTV in camels. The high prevalence of BTV in camels in Kassala State, Eastern Sudan, necessitates further epidemiological studies of BTV infection in camels and other ruminant species to better be able to control BT disease in this region.

Prevalence of Types, Frequency and Risk Factors for Complications after Exodontia

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Oral Surgery ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Dental Trauma ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Outpatient Department ◽  
Impacted Tooth ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Mandibular Third Molars

Background: Exodontia is one of the most frequently carried out procedures by a dental surgeon, mostly on an outpatient department basis. The reasons for performing exodontia include non-restorable teeth, periodontal disease, dental trauma, impacted tooth, orthodontic treatment and toothache. Complications in dental extraction are a commonly encountered problem in dental clinics. This knowledge can help dental surgeons make extractions less invasive, traumatic and complicated, enabling quicker recovery of the socket. The aim of this study was to recognize types, frequency and risk factors for complications after exodontia. Methods: This cross-sectional study enrolled patients who had exodontia done from July- September 2019, visiting OPD of the Oral surgery department of Altamash Institute of Dental Medicine, Karachi. Risk factors included demographic data, general health, past medical and dental history. Spearman’s correlation test was used to establish any relationship of variables with complications. Results: The study patients (126) included 72 females (mean age 39.1±13.39) and 54 males (mean age 41.1±14.93). The overall complications rate was found to be 7.1%, mainly arising from maxillary and mandibular third molars. The most common complications encountered were Hemorrhage, Pain, and Trismus. Increasing age and specific teeth extracted were associated with an increased risk for complications. However, post-operative complications which were encountered most of them were minor and handled on an outpatient department basis. Conclusion: Frequency and risk factors for complications after exodontia were found low3 (37.5%). While age and teeth extracted cannot be directly altered, these factors maybe indirectly modified, resulting in a potential decrease of postoperative complications.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Risk Factors of Infection with Soil Transmitted Helminths in Children from Bandjoun, the West Region of Cameroon

2020 ◽  
pp. 34-43
Author(s):  
Vanessa Rosine Nkouayep ◽  
Peter Nejsum ◽  
Dzune Fossouo Dirane Cleopas ◽  
Noumedem Anangmo Christelle Nadia ◽  
Atiokeng Tatang Rostand Joël ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
National Programme ◽  
Soil Transmitted Helminths ◽  
Ancylostoma Duodenale ◽  
Potential Risk Factors ◽  
Stool Samples ◽  
Associated Risk Factors

Background: Soil-transmitted helminths (STHs) continue to be a public health problem in developing countries. In Bandjoun, annual deworming is usually administered to school-age children through the national programme for the control of schistosomiasis and soil-transmitted helminthiasis in Cameroon. However, official data on the level of STH infections are scarce in this locality. Methods: We investigated the prevalence and associated risk factors of STHs among children in Bandjoun with the intention to help design future intervention plans. We obtained demographic data and potential risk factors through the interview of children using a structured questionnaire. Stool samples from these children were collected and examined for helminth eggs using Willis’ technique. Results: Three STHs were identified with an overall prevalence of 8.7%. These nematodes were Ascaris lumbricoides (8.3%), Trichuris trichiura (0.3%) and hookworms (Ancylostoma duodenale, Necator americanus) (0.7%). Failure to wash hands before meals (AOR: 2.152 [1.056-4.389]) was the main predictor associated with Ascaris infections. Not eating food picked up from the ground (AOR: 0.494 [0.261-0.937]) and not raising pigs at home (AOR: 0.109 [0.045-0.268]) reduced risk of infection. Conclusion: We recommend that STHs control interventions in Bandjoun focus on the good management of domesticated pigs, the avoidance of contact with soil and handwashing from the earliest ages as a part of daily hygiene practice.

scholarly journals Risk factors for mortality among inpatients with smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sidra Hameed ◽  
Faisal Faiyaz Zuberi ◽  
Sagheer Hussain ◽  
Syed Khalid Ali
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Smoking History ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Creative Commons ◽  
Smear Positive Pulmonary Tuberculosis

Objective: To evaluate risk factors having significant effect on mortality of smear positive Pulmonary Tuberculosis (PTB) inpatients. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at Ojha Institute of Chest Diseases, Dow University Hospital Ojha Campus, Karachi. One hundred and seventy (170) inpatients of smear positive PTB confirmed by Acid Fast Bacilli (AFB) smear, aged between 13-80 years were enrolled by using consecutive sampling technique while patients with drug resistant Tuberculosis (TB) and extra pulmonary TB were excluded from the study. Selected patients were interviewed for collecting demographic data and risk factor data by using a standard questionnaire. Results: Out of 170 PTB inpatients, mortality was observed in 23 (13.5%) patients among which male patients were 12 (52.2%), and female were 11 (47.8%). Mortality was significantly associated with increasing age (p=0.003), socioeconomic status (p=0.019), anemia (p=0.03), Chronic Liver Disease (CLD) (p=0.005), Diabetes Mellitus (DM) (p=0.001), Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) (p=0.007), Hypertension (HTN) (p=0.006), recurrent TB (p=0.001), and smoking (p=0.001). Conclusion: Increasing age, poverty, smoking history, and presence of comorbidities like DM, CLD, HIV, hypertension, and anemia are associated with higher mortality in smear positive PTB cases. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.5.919 How to cite this:Hameed S, Zuberi FF, Hussain S, Ali SK. Risk factors for mortality among inpatients with smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis. Pak J Med Sci. 2019;35(5):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.5.919 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document