scholarly journals Sustainable removal of soil arsenic by naturally-formed iron oxides on plastic tubes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhao-Feng Yuan ◽  
Tong-Yao Pu ◽  
Chen-Yu Jin ◽  
Wei-Jia Feng ◽  
Jia-Yue Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Tube Wall ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Paddy Soils ◽  
Major Threat ◽  
Fe Oxides ◽  
Soil Arsenic ◽  
Overall Efficiency ◽  
Rice Tissues ◽  
Oxygenic Phototrophs

Abstract Arsenic (As) pollution in paddy fields is a major threat to rice safety. Existing As remediation techniques are costly, require external chemical addition and degrade soil properties. Here, we report the use of plastic tubes as a recyclable tool to precisely extract As from contaminated soils. Following insertion into flooded paddy soils, polyethylene (PE) tube walls were covered by thin but massive Fe coatings of 76.9-367 mg Fe m-2 in 2 weeks, which adsorbed significant amounts of As as well as lead and antimony. The formation of tube-wall Fe oxides was driven by local Fe-oxidizing bacteria with oxygen produced by oxygenic phototrophs (e.g., Cyanobacteria) or diffused from air through the tube wall. The tubes with As-bound Fe oxides can be easily separated from soil and then recycled. We tested the As removal efficiency in a pilot experiment to remove As from ~ 20 cm depth / 80 kg soils in a two-year experiment and achieved an overall efficiency of 152 mg As m-2 soil year-1. The As accumulated in rice tissues was significantly decreased in the treatment. This work provides a low-cost and sustainable soil remediation method for the targeted removal of As from soils and a useful tool for the study and management of the biogeochemical Fe cycle in paddy soils.

scholarly journals Phytoremediation Potential of Native Herbaceous Plant Species Growing on a Paradigmatic Brownfield Site

2021 ◽  
Vol 232 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Matanzas ◽  
E. Afif ◽  
T. E. Díaz ◽  
J. R. Gallego
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Plantago Lanceolata ◽  
Herbaceous Plant ◽  
Plant Interactions ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Medicago Lupulina ◽  
Icp Ms

AbstractPhytomanagement techniques using native species allow the recovery of contaminated soils at low cost and circumvent the ecological risks associated with the use of non-native species. In this context, a paradigmatic brownfield megasite highly contaminated by As and Pb was sampled in order to analyze soil–plant interactions and identify plant species with phytoremediation potential. A survey was first carried out in a 20-ha area to obtain an inventory of species growing spontaneously throughout the site. We then performed another survey in the most polluted sub-area (1 ha) within the site. Pseudototal concentrations of contaminants in the soil, aerial parts of the plants, and roots were measured by ICP-MS. A detailed habitat classification was done, and a specific index of coverage was applied by means of a 1-year quadrat study in various sampling stations. Results converged in the selection of six herbaceous species (Dysphania botrys, Lotus corniculatus, Lotus hispidus, Plantago lanceolata, Trifolium repens, Medicago lupulina). All of these plants are fast-growing, thereby making them suitable for use in phytostabilization strategies. Furthermore, they are all easy to grow and propagate and are generally self-sustaining. All six plants showed accumulation factors below 1, thus revealing them as pseudomethallophytes and excluders. However, L. hispidus and M. lupulina showed translocation capacity and are considered worthy of further study.

A Simulation Study for Fluidized Bed Combustion of Petroleum Coke With CO2 Capture

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinsheng Wang ◽  
Edward J. Anthony ◽  
J. Carlos Abanades
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Fluidized Bed ◽  
Petroleum Coke ◽  
Co2 Capture ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Volatile Content ◽  
Fluidized Bed Combustion ◽  
High Carbon ◽  
Overall Efficiency ◽  
Fluidized Bed Combustor

Petroleum coke is regarded as a difficult fuel because of its high sulphur content and low volatile content. However, its low price and increased production, means that there is a powerful economic stimulus to use it for power generation. In this work, a process simulation has been performed as part of a feasibility study on the utilization of petroleum coke for power generation with low-cost CO2 capture. The proposed system employs a pressurized fluidized bed combustor and a calciner. In the combustor itself, the petroleum coke is burned and most of the CO2 generated is captured by a CaO sorbent under pressurized condition to form CaCO3. The CaCO3 is transported into the calciner where limited proportion of the petroleum coke is burned with pure O2, and calcines the spent sorbent back into CaO and CO2. A nearly pure CO2 stream is obtained from the calciner for subsequent disposal or utilization. The predicted overall efficiency of the combustion is near 40%. The proposed system would also be suitable for firing other high carbon and low ash fuel, such as anthracite.

Unexpected Beneficial Effects of Arsenic on Corn Roots Grown in Culture

2005 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 167 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grant Evans ◽  
Julyette Evans ◽  
Andrea Redman ◽  
Nancy Johnson ◽  
Richard D. Foust
Keyword(s):  
Root Development ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Branch Length ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Chemically Modified ◽  
Transport Studies ◽  
Soil Arsenic ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Arsenic Transport ◽  
First Time

Environmental Context. Phytoremediation, the process of using plants to remove metals from contaminated soils, shows promise as a low-technology method for economically removing arsenic, and other toxic metals, from soil. Arsenic transport studies in vascular plants have examined how arsenic is taken up, chemically modified, and transported from roots to other parts of the plant. No studies, to our knowledge, have examined the effect of low-level doses of arsenic on the roots themselves. This paper shows, for the first time, that arsenic at low levels may beneficially affect root development. Abstract. Corn (Zea mays) roots were grown in culture on modified Strullu–Roman medium in two separate experiments. Roots were exposed to one of four treatments combining arsenic (100 µg L−1 or 0.0 µg L−1) and phosphorous (4.8 mg L−1 or 0.0 mg L−1). The cultures were allowed to grow for 18 days or 21 days before they were used for quantitative measurement of root mass, root length, number of branches, and branch length. Results indicate roots grown in medium lacking phosphate but containing arsenic were longer and had greater mass than roots grown in medium with only phosphate. The data presented here suggest that arsenic at low levels might be beneficial for root development.

scholarly journals Bioremediation of PAH-Contaminated Soils: Process Enhancement through Composting/Compost

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 3684 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tahseen Sayara ◽  
Antoni Sánchez
Keyword(s):  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Polluted Soil ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Chemical Structures ◽  
Hydrophobic Chemical ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
The Stability

Bioremediation of contaminated soils has gained increasing interest in recent years as a low-cost and environmentally friendly technology to clean soils polluted with anthropogenic contaminants. However, some organic pollutants in soil have a low biodegradability or are not bioavailable, which hampers the use of bioremediation for their removal. This is the case of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), which normally are stable and hydrophobic chemical structures. In this review, several approaches for the decontamination of PAH-polluted soil are presented and discussed in detail. The use of compost as biostimulation- and bioaugmentation-coupled technologies are described in detail, and some parameters, such as the stability of compost, deserve special attention to obtain better results. Composting as an ex situ technology, with the use of some specific products like surfactants, is also discussed. In summary, the use of compost and composting are promising technologies (in all the approaches presented) for the bioremediation of PAH-contaminated soils.

scholarly journals Phytoremediation of PAHs in Contaminated Soils: A Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Ibrahim Alkali Allamin ◽  
Mohd Yunus Shukor
Keyword(s):  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Environmental Concern ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Carcinogenic Activity ◽  
Secondary Pollution ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
Transport Loss ◽  
Land Disposal ◽  
Living Organisms

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), which are also part of persistent organic pollutants (POPs), are considered to be especially toxic to humans (carcinogenic), likewise to plants, microorganisms and other living organisms. PAHs soil contamination occurs by storage leaking, transport loss, the land disposal of petroleum waste, and accidental or intentional spills. Due to their ubiquitous occurrence, recalcitrance, bioaccumulation potential and carcinogenic activity, PAHs are a significant environmental concern. The methods of controlling and repairing PAH-contaminated soils mainly include physical remediation, chemical remediation and phytoremediation. However, there was an increasing focus on phytoremediation technologies as a result of their unique advantages, including low cost, lack of secondary pollution and large-area application. Phytoremediation is therefore one of the soil remediation technologies with the greatest potential.

scholarly journals Remediation of Petroleum-Contaminated Soils with Microbial and Microbial Combined Methods: Advances, Mechanisms, and Challenges

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (16) ◽  
pp. 9267
Author(s):  
Xin Sui ◽  
Xuemei Wang ◽  
Yuhuan Li ◽  
Hongbing Ji
Keyword(s):  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Petroleum Hydrocarbons ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Hydrocarbon Contamination ◽  
Environmental Consequences ◽  
Petroleum Hydrocarbon Contamination ◽  
Remediation Strategies ◽  
Microbial Remediation ◽  
Microbiological Techniques ◽  
Petroleum Pollutants

The petroleum industry’s development has been supported by the demand for petroleum and its by-products. During extraction and transportation, however, oil will leak into the soil, destroying the structure and quality of the soil and even harming the health of plants and humans. Scientists are researching and developing remediation techniques to repair and re-control the afflicted environment due to the health risks and social implications of petroleum hydrocarbon contamination. Remediation of soil contamination produced by petroleum hydrocarbons, on the other hand, is a difficult and time-consuming job. Microbial remediation is a focus for soil remediation because of its convenience of use, lack of secondary contamination, and low cost. This review lists the types and capacities of microorganisms that have been investigated to degrade petroleum hydrocarbons. However, investigations have revealed that a single microbial remediation faces difficulties, such as inconsistent remediation effects and substantial environmental consequences. It is necessary to understand the composition and source of pollutants, the metabolic genes and pathways of microbial degradation of petroleum pollutants, and the internal and external aspects that influence remediation in order to select the optimal remediation treatment strategy. This review compares the degradation abilities of microbial–physical, chemical, and other combination remediation methods, and highlights the degradation capabilities and processes of the greatest microbe-biochar, microbe–nutrition, and microbe–plant technologies. This helps in evaluating and forecasting the chemical behavior of contaminants with both short- and long-term consequences. Although there are integrated remediation strategies for the removal of petroleum hydrocarbons, practical remediation remains difficult. The sources and quantities of petroleum pollutants, as well as their impacts on soil, plants, and humans, are discussed in this article. Following that, the focus shifted to the microbiological technique of degrading petroleum pollutants and the mechanism of the combined microbial method. Finally, the limitations of existing integrated microbiological techniques are highlighted.

scholarly journals Lowering the Toxicity of Cd to Theobroma cacao Using Soil Amendments Based on Commercial Charcoal and Lime

Toxics ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 15
Author(s):  
Carla Calixta Calva Jiménez ◽  
Liliana Valentina Pinedo Fernández ◽  
Cristiano E. Rodrigues Reis
Keyword(s):  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Theobroma Cacao ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Order Model ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Residual Concentration ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Soil Cadmium ◽  
Cocoa Seedlings

Carbonaceous and calcareous materials are commonly used as amendments to decrease the Cd mobility in contaminated soils. This study evaluated the effect of amendments applied to cocoa seedlings in the greenhouse, considering the mobilization of soil cadmium toward the seedlings as the main response. The experimental conditions considered soil artificially contaminated with Cd at a concentration of 50 mg Cd kg−1 and applications of amendments in different treatments with the presence of charcoal dust and calcium carbonate. The charcoal was characterized by microscopy and by adsorption tests, and it proved to be a material with macropores, with a maximum capacity of 8.06 mg Cd g−1 and favorable kinetic behavior according to the adjustment of the data obtained to the pseudo-second-order model. The results also showed that the application of liming decreased the mobility of Cd toward the seedlings, with the liming combined with charcoal leading to the absence of Cd in the cocoa seedlings, considering a residual concentration of Cd in the soil of 35 mg Cd kg−1. The results, although limited to a small scale, demonstrated the possibility of applying low-cost and easy-to-handle amendments for the control of Cd in cocoa plantations.

Evaluation of a low-cost commercially available extraction device for assessing lead bioaccessibility in contaminated soils

2013 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 573 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clay M. Nelson ◽  
Thomas M. Gilmore ◽  
James M. Harrington ◽  
Kirk G. Scheckel ◽  
Bradley W. Miller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Extraction Device

scholarly journals Effect of textile effluent on the yield of jute leaves (Corchorus capsularis) in winter season

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 53-60
Author(s):  
M Begum ◽  
MN Gani ◽  
MD Alam
Keyword(s):  
Fresh Water ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Textile Effluent ◽  
Corchorus Capsularis ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Input Cost

A pot experiment was conducted to observe the effect of textile effluent on the yield of newly developed deshi pat shak-1 (Corchorus capsularis), in winter season by the Bangladesh Jute Research Institute (BJRI). There were six treatments of different effluent level including different proportions of fresh water and Recommended Dose of Fertilizer (RDF). It was observed that all the treatments showed significant positive effect on the yield parameters of jute vegetables over the control on agricultural soils. However, in contaminated soils effluent irrigation showed negative effect over the control. The highest yield of vegetative weight in all soils was observed in the treatment T2 where fresh water + 100% RDF were applied. They were 8.83 t/ha, 8.93 t/ha, 9.07 t/ha and 8.13 t/ha in both agricultural and contaminated soils of Narayanganj and Gazipur respectively with high input cost. But the treated pots with 50% effluent + 50% fresh water + 50% RDF gave second highest vegetative weight with low cost in both the agricultural soils, which were 8.25 t/ha and 7.87 t/ha in Narayanganj and Gazipur agricultural soil, respectively. J. Biodivers. Conserv. Bioresour. Manag. 2018, 4(2): 53-60

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