Dating Victimization Among Chilean University Students: Gender Roles and Christian Spirituality

This correlational-multivariate, cross-sectional quantitative study differentially determined by sex the prevalence of dating victimization by violence, the self-perception of victimization, and the attempt to ask for help to end a problematic relationship, as well as analyzing the explanatory weight of the attitudes to gender roles and Christian spirituality on these variables. The study sample, non-probabilistic and by convenience, was comprised of 759 Chilean university students. 63.9% were women and the average age was 20.5 years (SD=1.69). Men report suffering more physical violence and violence by coercion, and women have more tools to perceive their situation of victimization and to ask for help. Transcendent attitudes are a protective factor, stereotypes a risk factor, and the influence of religion is paradoxical. However, the explanatory power of these variables is low. In conclusion, dating violence is a problem present in the study sample, with the experience of victimization being different for men and women.

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Factors associated with dating violence in young university students of Veracruz - Boca del Río

European Journal of Public Health ◽

10.1093/eurpub/ckaa166.1072 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽

Author(s):

S I Valencia Almeida ◽

J E Villegas Domínguez ◽

E A Villegas Vázquez ◽

J C Leyva Chipol ◽

F G Márquez Celedonio

Keyword(s):

Public Schools ◽

University Students ◽

Dating Violence ◽

Private School ◽

Protective Factor ◽

Research Question ◽

Social Situation ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Del Rio

Abstract Introduction In the Mexican - American population, violence occurs between 10 and 40% of initial affective relationships. Veracruz is one of the main Mexican states that suffers violence and is the one with the largest number of femicides (3.44 per 100,000 women). Research question: what are the associated factors in the victimization in the courtship of young university students from the Veracruz - Boca del Río conurbation zone? Methods A cross-sectional, prospective, observational and analytical study was conducted from August to November 2019. University students enrolled in a higher education educational program in public and private universities of Veracruz-Boca del Río, who have had the minus a dating relationship and those who did not agree to participate were excluded. Violence in dating was quantified with the “Questionnaire on Violence in Dating (CUVINO)” (Alfa Cronbach 0.91). The spss v22 software was used to analyze the data. Results 680 participants were included, distributed in private schools (56.47%) and public schools (43.52%), with 444 (65.2%) women and 236 (34.7%) men. The prevalence of dating violence was 74.9%, however, only 21.6% of the participants considered having had such a relationship. The factors associated with dating violence were studying in a private school (OR = 0.62 IC95% 0.4-0.9), witnessing some act of violence in your family (OR = 1.47 IC95% 1.02-2.12), meeting a friend with a relationship violent (OR = 2.0 95% CI 1.4-2.9), believe that abuse exists in courtship (OR = 4.7 95% CI 2.9-7.4) and suspect that you may be in a violent relationship (OR = 4.67 95% CI 2.22- 9.83), while not witnessing any act of violence in your family (OR = 0.61 95% CI 0.4-0.8) is a protective factor to avoid violence in dating, all these values with p < 0.05. It was not associated with violence. Conclusions Violence in dating is associated with behaviors of family members and friends of the violent. Key messages The social situation close to a person influences the violence allowed in their courtship. Young people normalize violence in a relationship, since many of them do not identify it when living it.

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Prevalence and factors associated with anxiety among university students of health sciences in Brazil: findings and implications

Jornal Brasileiro de Psiquiatria ◽

10.1590/0047-2085000000322 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Júlia Vasconcelos de Sá Alves ◽

Waléria de Paula ◽

Patrícia Ribeiro Rezende Netto ◽

Brian Godman ◽

Renata Cristina Rezende Macedo do Nascimento ◽

...

Keyword(s):

University Students ◽

Physical Violence ◽

Social Performance ◽

Prevalence Ratio ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Health Sciences ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Behavioral Issues ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Self Administered Questionnaire

ABSTRACT Objective The aim was to evaluate the prevalence and factors associated with anxiety disorders among university students of health sciences at Federal University of Ouro Preto, Brazil. Methods A cross-sectional study between March to June 2019. Data were collected through a self-administered questionnaire including sociodemographic, academic, family and behavioral issues. The Beck Anxiety Inventory was used to assess anxiety. Estimates were obtained through the prevalence ratio and Poisson multivariate analysis. Results Four hundred and ninety-three students participated with a mean age of 23.1 and predominantly women (79.9%). All students had some degree of anxiety, with the frequency of the severe, moderate and mild forms being 28.0%, 29.8% and 27.0%, respectively. The factors associated with anxiety included having suffered psychological and/or physical violence in childhood, having suicidal thoughts, having a deceased parent, living with parents, being dissatisfied with the course and being in the exam period. Conclusions The prevalence of anxiety was high in our study and family problems prior to entering university seem to significantly influence the degree of anxiety, which may compromise the student’s academic and social performance.

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Antecedents and Moderation Effects of Maladaptive Coping Behaviors Among German University Students

Frontiers in Psychology ◽

10.3389/fpsyg.2021.645087 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Lina Marie Mülder ◽

Nicole Deci ◽

Antonia Maria Werner ◽

Jennifer L. Reichel ◽

Ana Nanette Tibubos ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Emotion Regulation ◽

University Students ◽

Protective Factor ◽

Self Regulation ◽

Working Hours ◽

Coping Behaviors ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Moderation Effects ◽

The Relationship

Prolonging working hours and presenteeism have been conceptualized as self-endangering coping behaviors in employees, which are related to health impairment. Drawing upon the self-regulation of behavior model, the goal achievement process, and Warr's vitamin model, we examined the antecedents and moderation effects regarding quantitative demands, autonomy, emotion regulation, and self-motivation competence of university students' self-endangering coping behaviors (showing prolonging working hours and presenteeism). Results from a cross-sectional survey of 3,546 German university students indicate that quantitative demands are positively related and autonomy has a u-shape connection with self-endangering coping. Emotion regulation was shown to be a protective factor for prolonging working hours. Moreover, self-motivation moderated the relationship between quantitative demands and prolonging of working hours, but not in the assumed direction. Self-motivation showed a systematic positive relationship with prolonging of working hours, but no relationship with presenteeism. Autonomy moderated the relationship of quantitative demands with both self-endangering behaviors. We found no moderating effects for emotion regulation of quantitative demands or autonomy and self-endangering behaviors. Besides further practical implications, the results suggest that lecturers should design their courses accordingly with less time pressure and university students should be trained in the use of autonomy.

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The Link Between Adversity and Dating Violence Among Adolescents Hospitalized for Psychiatric Treatment: Parental Emotion Validation as a Candidate Protective Factor

Journal of Interpersonal Violence ◽

10.1177/0886260520926323 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 088626052092632

Author(s):

Nicole M. Froidevaux ◽

Stacy Metcalf ◽

Corey Pettit ◽

Francesca Penner ◽

Carla Sharp ◽

...

Keyword(s):

At Risk ◽

Dating Violence ◽

Protective Factor ◽

Psychiatric Treatment ◽

Physical Violence ◽

Child Gender ◽

Cumulative Stress ◽

Adverse Experiences ◽

Parental Emotion ◽

Violence Perpetration

Adolescents are at risk for becoming victims or perpetrators for a variety of forms of dating violence, including cyber violence, physical violence, psychological abuse, and sexual abuse. Interestingly, a robust predictor of dating violence is adverse experiences during childhood; however, factors that could mitigate the risk of dating violence for those exposed to adversity have seldom been examined. Using the cumulative stress hypothesis as a lens, the current study examined severity of adverse experiences as a predictor of dating violence within a sample at risk for both victimization and perpetration of dating violence: An adolescent (12–17 years old; N = 137) sample who were receiving inpatient psychiatric treatment. First, the current study aimed to replicate previous findings to determine whether adversity predicted dating violence and whether this varied by gender. Then, the current study examined one factor that could mitigate the relation between adversity and dating violence—parental emotion validation. High rates of maternal emotion validation resulted in no relation between adversity and dating violence perpetration and victimization; however, the relation was present at average and low levels of maternal emotion validation. Next, by adding gender as an additional moderator to the model, we found that high rates of paternal emotion validation extinguished the relation between adversity and dating violence perpetration, but only for adolescent boys. This pattern was not found for maternal emotion validation. Interestingly, the relation between adversity and dating violence victimization did not vary as a function of maternal or paternal validation of emotion for either child gender. These findings are discussed in terms of their meaning within this sample, possible future directions, and their implications for the prevention of dating violence.

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Prevalence, Pattern and Risk Factors of Dating Violence among Undergraduate Students of a Tertiary Institution within Sokoto Metropolis of Sokoto State, Nigeria

International Journal of TROPICAL DISEASE & Health ◽

10.9734/ijtdh/2021/v42i1030487 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 12-26

Author(s):

Habibullah Adamu ◽

Oche Mansur Oche ◽

Muhammad Aisha Isah ◽

Sahabi Abubakar Muhammad ◽

Akilu Abdullahi

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Dating Violence ◽

Undergraduate Students ◽

Physical Violence ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Lifetime Prevalence ◽

Psychological Violence ◽

Tertiary Institution ◽

Cross Sectional

Aim: To determine the prevalence, pattern and risk factors of dating violence among undergraduate students of Usmanu Danfodiyo University Sokoto (UDUS). Methodology: It was a descriptive cross-sectional study involving 340 undergraduate students, selected via multistage sampling technique. A structured self-administered questionnaire was used to collect data from the respondents, and data were analyzed using IBM SPSS version 26.0 and Microsoft Excel 2016. Results: The ages of the respondents ranged from 18 to 29 years, with mean of 22.4±2 years; 218(66.9%) were males, 214(65.6%) were Hausa/Fulani and 266(81.9%) were Muslims. Majority of the respondents have been in a dating relationship for more than one academic year; 106(37.3%) of the dating partners were students of the university, of which 26(24.8%) were class mates. Current and lifetime prevalence of dating violence were 56% and 59.5% respectively. Form of dating violence experienced mostly by respondents was emotional/psychological violence [44(22.4%)], physical violence was the least experienced [27(14.04%)]. Up to 93(48%) of the dating violence took place on campus and 68(35%) of the perpetrators were current partners. Factors associated with dating violence included feeling overburdened by partners’ demands, and spending too much on partner. Conclusion: Current and lifetime prevalence of dating violence were high and emotional violence was the commonest form of dating violence experienced by respondents. There is need for school authorities to put in place mechanisms to identify victims of dating violence and come up with measures aimed at stemming the tide of dating violence in university campuses.

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COVID-19 Pandemic and Eating Disorders among University Students

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu13124294 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (12) ◽

pp. 4294

Author(s):

Marie-Pierre Tavolacci ◽

Joel Ladner ◽

Pierre Dechelotte

Keyword(s):

Eating Disorders ◽

University Students ◽

Social Life ◽

Protective Factor ◽

Vigorous Physical Activity ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Academic Learning ◽

Protective Behavior ◽

Online Questionnaire ◽

Cross Sectional

An online cross-sectional study was conducted in May 2021 to identify factors, such as changes in food choices, lifestyle, risk and protective behavior, mental health, and social demographics, on eating disorders (ED) among students of a French university. Students were invited to fill out an online questionnaire. ED were identified using the French version of the five-item “Sick, Control, One stone, Fat, Food” (SCOFF) questionnaire. The Expali™-validated algorithmic tool, combining SCOFF and body mass index, was used to screen EDs into four diagnostic categories: bulimic ED, hyperphagic ED, restrictive ED and other ED. A total of 3508 students filled the online questionnaire, 67.3% female, mean age 20.7 years (SD = 2.3). The prevalence of ED was 51.6% in women and 31.9% in men (p < 0.0001). Lower food security scores were associated with a higher risk for all ED categories. Depression and academic stress due to COVID-19 were associated with ED regardless of category. Regarding health behaviors, a high adherence to the National nutrition recommendation was a protective factor for the risk of bulimic ED, hyperphagic ED and restrictive ED. A lower frequency of moderate and vigorous physical activity was associated with a higher risk of hyperphagic ED. Our study has shown a high screening of ED among the students of a French university fourteen months after the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic. By disrupting academic learning, jobs and social life, the COVID-19 pandemic could have exacerbated existing ED or contributed to the onset of new ED.

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Factors Affecting Preventive Behavior related to Tuberculosis among University Students in Korea: Focused on Knowledge, Attitude and Optimistic Bias related to Tuberculosis

Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing ◽

10.7739/jkafn.2020.27.3.236 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 27 (3) ◽

pp. 236-245

Author(s):

Myung Soon Kwon ◽

Yun Choi

Keyword(s):

University Students ◽

Explanatory Power ◽

Correlation Coefficients ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Preventive Behavior ◽

Optimistic Bias ◽

Online Data ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Knowledge And Attitude

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify factors affecting preventive behavior related to tuberculosis (TB). The focus was on knowledge, attitude and optimistic bias related to tuberculosis among university students in Korea.Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted with 255 students from 6 universities in 6 regions in Korea. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire online. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficients, and multiple linear regression.Results: The level for scores on preventive behavior for TB was slightly good, knowledge related to TB was moderate, and attitude was good. There was a slight optimistic bias. Knowledge and attitude related to TB were positively correlated with preventive behavior for TB. The factors affecting preventive behavior for TB were attitude (β=.36, p<.001), knowledge related to TB (β=.13, p=.025). The explanatory power of these variables was 26.1% (F=10.98, p<.001).Conclusion: Findings suggest that knowledge and attitude related to TB are major factors influencing preventive behavior for TB. In order to improve preventive behavior for TB, it is necessary to establish effective educational strategies and TB information media utilization that firmly enhance attitude and improve knowledge related to TB in university students in Korea.

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An examination of physical violence against women and its justification in development settings in Uganda

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0255281 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (9) ◽

pp. e0255281

Author(s):

Paul Bukuluki ◽

Peter Kisaakye ◽

Symon Peter Wandiembe ◽

Tina Musuya ◽

Evelyn Letiyo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Secondary Education ◽

Social Norms ◽

Violence Against Women ◽

Primary Education ◽

Physical Violence ◽

Tertiary Education ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Men And Women ◽

Formal Employment

This paper uses data from a community cross-sectional survey to examine the factors that are associated with justification of physical violence against women. Results indicate that respondents who were married at the time of the survey were less likely (OR = 0.29; CI = 0.17–0.52) to agree that it is justified for a man to physically assault his partner that their counterparts who were single. The likelihood to justify physical violence was less likely to happen among respondents with primary education (OR = 0.49; CI = 0.39–0.62), secondary education (OR = 0.40; CI = 0.31–0.53) and vocation or tertiary education (OR = 0.28; CI = 0.19–0.41) than among respondents with no education. Protestants were less likely (OR = 0.77; CI = 0.64–0.94) to justify physical violence than the Catholics. Respondents who were not formally employed were more likely (OR = 1.66; CI = 1.32–2.08) to justify physical violence than their counterparts who were in formal employment in the last three months preceding the survey. Respondents who agreed that it is okay for a man to control his partner’s movements (OR = 1.27; CI = 1.04–1.55), it is okay for a man to have sex with his wife anytime (OR = 2.28; CI = 1.87–2.78), alcohol is the main reason for violence against women (OR = 1.67; CI = 1.33–2.10), men need sex more than women (OR = 1.57; CI = 1.23–1.99) and women know where to obtain support in case of violence (OR = 1.42; CI = 1.00–2.02) were more likely to justify physical violence than respondents who disagreed. The likelihood to justify physical violence was less among respondents who agreed that: violence is not the only way to deal with disagreements (OR = 0.54; CI = 0.33–0.86), it is possible for men to stop violence (OR = 0.62; CI = 0.47–0.82) and it is acceptable for a woman to ask her partner to use a condom (OR = 0.61; CI = 0.51–0.73) than their counterparts who disagreed. There is need to increase investment in social norms change programmes in order to strengthen contestation of tolerance of physical violence among men and women in Uganda.

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