scholarly journals KAJIAN POSKOLONIAL GERAKAN PEMIKIRAN DAN SIKAP ULAMA PESANTREN TEGALSARI DALAM PUSARAN KONFLIK MULTIDIMENSIONAL DI JAWA (1742-1862)

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 189
Author(s):  
Saifuddin Alif Nurdianto ◽  
Hermanu Joebagio ◽  
Djono Djono
Keyword(s):  
Religious Education ◽  
Historical Research ◽  
Economic Cycle ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Post Colonial ◽  
The People ◽  
Political Approach ◽  
History Of ◽  
Practical Politics

<div class="Section1"><p class="Iabstrak"><strong>Abstract: </strong><em>Pesantren Tegalsari was one of the most influential religious-education institutions in Java during 18-19 century. Those years were the golden era of Pesantren Tegalsari which was known as an institution that produced “pujangga” </em>(<em>Javanese intellectuals</em>)<em> and the people of Tegalsari village was well known for producing high quality of dluwang </em>(<em>traditional paper</em>)<em>. On the other hand, the 18-19 century itself was a time of turmoil, both socially and politically. Some events such as Geger Pacina </em>(<em>1742</em>)<em>, Javanese Succession War III </em>(<em>1746–1755</em>)<em>, Java War </em>(<em>1825-1830</em>)<em>, and Cultuurstelsel </em>(<em>1830–1917</em>)<em> were crucial moments in the history of Indonesia, especially in Java. At this point, the ulema </em>(<em>Islamic scholars</em>)<em> of Pesantren Tegalsari played an important role. Thought and attitude movements of ulema </em>(<em>Islamic scholars</em>)<em> in Pesantren Tegalsari had determined the existence of the pesantren and the economic cycle of local commmunity. Historical research with post-colonial political approach was used to study the thought and attitude movement of ulama </em>(<em>Islamic scholars</em>)<em> in Pesantren Tegalsari during 1742–1862. The result of this research shows that Pesantren Tegalsari had a political line to not engage in practical politics. This political line was followed by all the leaders of Pesantren Tegalsari. As the result, Pesantren Tegalsari developed into an institution that produced poets and transformed into a place to seek legitimacy in social, academic, and politic</em>.</p><p class="Iabstrak"><strong>Abstrak:</strong> Pesantren Tegalsari merupakan salah satu lembaga pendidikan-keagamaan yang paling berpengaruh di Jawa abad 18-19. Tahun-tahun tersebut merupakan masa keemasan dari Pesantren Tegalsari yang dikenal sebagai lembaga pencetak <em>pujangga</em> (intelektual Jawa). Bagi masyarakat Desa Tegalsari sendiri, tahun-tahun itu adalah masa perekonomian yang dikembangkan sedang mengalami pertumbuhan yang pesat. Desa Tegalsari terkenal sebagai daerah penghasil <em>dluwang</em> (kertas tradisional) berkualitas tinggi yang diekspor ke berbagai daerah. Di sisi yang lain, abad 18-19 sendiri merupakan masa yang penuh dengan gejolak, baik secara sosial maupun politik. Beberapa peristiwa seperti <em>geger pacina </em>(1742), Perang Suksesi Jawa III (1746-1755), Perang Jawa (1825-1830), dan kebijakan tanam paksa (1830-1917) merupakan momen-momen krusial dalam perjalanan sejarah Indonesia, khususnya di pulau Jawa. Pada titik inilah ulama Pesantren Tegalsari, sebagai salah satu pimpinan lembaga pendidikan-keagamaan paling berpengaruh di Jawa abad 18-19 sekaligus tokoh panutan bagi masyarakat sekitar, memiliki peranan penting. Gerakan pemikiran dan sikap dari ulama Pesantren Tegalsari menjadi sangat menentukan eksistensi pesantren dan perputaran roda perekonomian masyarakat sekitar. Penelitian historis dengan pendekatan politik-poskolonial akan digunakan untuk mengkaji gerakan pemikiran dan sikap ulama Pesantren Tegalsari tahun 1742-1862. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Pesantren Tegalsari memiliki garis politik untuk tidak terjun dalam politik praktis. Garis politik inilah yang diikuti oleh semua pimpinan Pesantren Tegalsari. Hasilnya adalah, Pesantren Tegalsari berkembang menjadi lembaga pencetak <em>pujangga</em> dan menjelma sebagai tempat untuk men­cari legitimasi, baik secara sosial, akademik, maupun politik</p></div>

A Premise for Precolonial Nuba History

1987 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 369-374 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jay Spaulding
Keyword(s):  
South Carolina ◽  
Cultural Traditions ◽  
Post Colonial ◽  
African Languages ◽  
Current State ◽  
The People ◽  
History Of ◽  
Primary Focus

Near the center of the Democratic Republic of the Sudan lies a tract of broken, elevated terrain about the size of South Carolina. The region, by common convention, is called the Nuba Mountains, and the people who live there, through a familiar if misleading generalization, the Nuba. The inhabitants of the Nuba Mountains have long attracted the attention of students of African languages and cultures, for in these respects they exhibit very great diversity among themselves as well as distinctiveness in relation to the Arab and Nilotic cultural traditions that dominate the surrounding lowlands on every side. No scholar has yet deliberately undertaken to write a history of the Nuba, but many have found themselves constrained to make tangential statements or assumptions about Nuba history in the course of constructing studies with some other primary focus. The sum of these tangential comments and assumptions may read as the current state of Nuba historiography. The present study addresses a stimulating clash of opinion among those whose interests have led them to comment peripherally on the more remote Nuba past. The issue at stake is the existence, or non-existence, of a state form of government among the Nuba in precolonial times.Students of the Nuba during the colonial and post-colonial periods have seldom failed to assign considerable importance to the role of successive Sudan governments in directing the destiny of the Nuba, however they may differ in assessing the quality of this intervention.

The Use of Factice in Rubber Manufacture

1936 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 621-625 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. H. Hurlston
Keyword(s):  
Early History ◽  
Intrinsic Properties ◽  
Rubber Content ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Rubber Industry ◽  
History Of

Abstract The two main classes of vulcanized oil substitute or factice are heat-cured brown factice and cold-cured white factice. They were both introduced into the rubber industry at about the same time (1846–1847), the former variety by Anderson and the latter by Parkes. It has been stated (Twiss, Trans. Inst. Rubber Ind., 7, 234 (1931)) that Parkes first opened a proofing factory at Birmingham but that the business was shortly afterwards absorbed by Chas. Macintosh & Co. and transferred to Manchester. This probably dates the commencement of the use of white factice in proofings. The early history of the development of the use of brown factice on a works scale is more obscure. As the name implies, these vulcanized oils were used in the first place as ingredients which could economically substitute part of the crude rubber content of mixings, but as time went on it became apparent to compounders that these materials possessed intrinsic properties which made them almost indispensable in certain mixings, both for ease of manufacture and for high quality of the resultant article. The utility of factices in the general rubber trade is therefore in many respects analogous to that of reclaimed rubbers.

Staring at the Screen: Interview with Photographer Robbie Cooper

2017 ◽  
pp. 14-19
Author(s):  
Iza Pevec ◽  
Robbie Cooper
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Virtual Worlds ◽  
Role Playing ◽  
Media Content ◽  
Human Consciousness ◽  
Human Element ◽  
The People ◽  
History Of ◽  
Alter Ego

From the beginnings of the photography, portrait photography has had a special aura – reading one’s own facial expressions and those of others is after all a very human trait. In his project Immersion, British artist Robbie Cooper presents a specific type of portraits – portraits of people as media consumers. We are all aware of the frightening statistics of the average number of hours spent behind the screen, yet Cooper’s intention was not to moralise. A diverse spectrum of people’s expressions captured during watching various media content tells only one part of our human story. In the Immersion, the screen becomes some kind of mirror, recording intense expressions of the portrayed persons, captured with an in-built camera. Because of the accompanying sound, we can guess what the people are watching – the content includes everything, from video games, pornography to snuff movies. Stills from the movies have less documentary value. With the help of the high quality of the photos, the frozen grimaces become peculiarly similar to the classical portraits from the history of art. Almost eccentric grimaces confuse us and at the same time remind us how realistic virtual reality feels. Cooper had already explored our relationship towards virtual reality in his project Alter Ego, in which he sets the gamers of virtual games next to their avatars. He was interested in the human element of virtual worlds by questioning what imaginary personas can tell us about their creators. Throughout our conversation, questions of human consciousness arose. Keywords: expressive face, grimace, human character and facial expression, media content, Robbie Cooper, role-playing

The Past, Present and Future of International Health Evaluation Association (IHEA)

2002 ◽  
Vol 41 (03) ◽  
pp. 191-195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shigeaki Hinohara
Keyword(s):  
International Health ◽  
Health Screening ◽  
Health Evaluation ◽  
Great Effort ◽  
The Past ◽  
The People ◽  
History Of ◽  
Disciplinary System ◽  
High Level

SummaryIn this paper I mention the 19-year history of International Health Evaluation Association (IHEA) which was started in Washington D.C. by the great effort of Dr. G. Gilbert in Hawaii. In 1973 three regions were organized in this Association: 1) U.S.A., 2) Europe and 3) Pan-Pacific including Asia.I also mention the history of periodical health checkups in U.K., U.S.A. and Japan. In Japan it started in 1954, however, after adapting the system of Automated Multiphase Health Testing designed by the Kaiser Foundation of Auckland, Calif., in 1973, Japanese people paid much attention to this health screening system and the number of hospitals and clinics for health screening has increased tremendously and the number of examinees amounted to 2,875,449 in 2001.Finally, I conclude that IHEA should create a multi-disciplinary system to sustain a lifestyle with a high level of Quality of Life (QOL) for the people who really want to live fruitful lives by the successive health education.

EuroPsy: The Development of Standards for High-Quality Professional Education in Psychology

2011 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 104-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ingrid Lunt
Keyword(s):  
Professional Practice ◽  
Professional Education ◽  
Bologna Process ◽  
European Federation ◽  
The European Union ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Professional Mobility ◽  
History Of ◽  
High Level

The paper presents a brief history of the EuroPsy initiative which began in 1998 and is now in the process of implementation across European countries in the European Federation of Psychologists’ Associations (EFPA). EuroPsy defines a standard of professional education that aims to promote a high quality of education and professional practice for psychologists. The initiative was substantially supported by developments within the European Union (EU) and more widely in Europe, in particular the so-called Bologna process. This process, however, had a major political focus with an explicit commitment to facilitate mobility. Concerns for quality and a high level of professional education and an implied focus on consumer or client protection may not always sit easily with a commitment to facilitating professional mobility. This paper presents some of the challenges and potential tensions inherent in the EuroPsy.

Post-colonial state, and its political elites And its political approach, from ((1958 - 1968))

2019 ◽  
pp. 38
Author(s):  
Fawaz Hammad Mahmoud
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Colonial State ◽  
Post Colonial ◽  
British Occupation ◽  
The People ◽  
The First World War ◽  
Political Approach ◽  
Dominant Parties ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Military

The State of Iraq was formed in 1921 and described as a product of the British occupation state. This was in line with what was planned by the occupation government in all fields of intellectual, cultural and political. This resulted in the establishment of the "King of Iraq" of Arab origins, as well as contributed groups of tribal or economic influence to contribute to the establishment of the Iraqi state, where the Iraqi society was suffering from poverty and ignorance and disease under the Ottoman Empire, and others may see that the Iraqi state, which came under the umbrella Britain, after the First World War, may not differ in terms of dealing with the Iraqi society from the Ottoman administration, and may be a continuation of, and worse, and therefore there was concern, and fear of all steps of the government, even if it was positive, and increased military intervention through coups policy The state and its apparatus to calculate the dominant parties But it turned into a preoccupation with the minds of the people, the futility or futility of such coups, which are no more than conflicts between families, parties, and perhaps people, using the violence that the military led to express in the three coups which We gave it our attention in this study, which included, after this introduction, three investigations and a conclusion.

Avoidant and Defensive: Adult Attachment and Quality of Apologies

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karina Schumann ◽  
Edward Orehek
Keyword(s):  
Adult Attachment ◽  
Attachment Styles ◽  
Attachment Avoidance ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Defensive Strategies ◽  
Important Decision ◽  
The People ◽  
Emotional Vulnerability ◽  
Emotional Aspects

After committing an offense, transgressors face an important decision regarding how to respond to the people they hurt. Do they make themselves emotionally vulnerable by offering high-quality, comprehensive apologies? Or do they seek to protect themselves with defensive strategies, such as justifications and excuses? In two studies, we examined the link between attachment styles and apology quality. We hypothesized that because people high in attachment avoidance are uncomfortable with emotional vulnerability and tend to defensively disengage from emotional aspects of relationships, they would offer less comprehensive and more defensive apologies. In Study 1, participants imagined hurting a friend and then rated their likelihood of using each of eight apology elements and five defensive strategies. In Study 2, participants wrote a real email to a person they had hurt. Our prediction was supported in both studies, suggesting that attachment avoidance plays an important role in how transgressors manage their offenses.

scholarly journals Due Process in the United Nations

2016 ◽  
Vol 110 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Devika Hovell
Keyword(s):  
United Nations ◽  
Due Process ◽  
Coconut Oil ◽  
The People ◽  
Jean Bodin ◽  
The Face ◽  
History Of ◽  
The United Nations ◽  
Procedural Reform

“For hard it is for high and stately buildings long to stand except they be upholden and staid by most strong shores, and rest upon most sure foundations”—Jean Bodin, The Six Books of a Commonweale (1576)It has been said of the redemptive quality of procedural reform that it is “about nine parts myth and one part coconut oil.” Yet, as the recent history of the United Nations shows, failure to enact adequate procedural reform can have damaging consequences for an organization and its activities. In the targeted-sanctions context, litigation in over thirty national and regional courts over due process deficiencies has had a “significant impact on the regime,” placing it “at a legal crossroads.” In the peacekeeping context, the United Nations’ position that claims in the ongoing Haiti cholera controversy are “not receivable” has been described in extensive and uniformly critical press coverage as the United Nations’ “Watergate, except with far fewer consequences for the people responsible.” Complacency in the face of allegations of sexual abuse by UN blue helmets led to the unprecedented ousting of a special representative to the secretary-general in the Central African Republic. Economizing on due process standards is proving to be a false economy.

scholarly journals Pendampingan Komunitas Produsen Kecap Skala Rumah Tangga di Kelurahan Putat Jaya Kecamatan Sawahan Kota Surabaya

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 106-112
Author(s):  
Wiwik Handayani ◽  
Sulastri Irbayuni ◽  
Luky Susilowati
Keyword(s):  
Community Development ◽  
Coconut Water ◽  
Soy Sauce ◽  
High Price ◽  
Fixed Income ◽  
High Quality ◽  
The People ◽  
Asset Based Community Development

Today, efforts to build the entrepreneurship of society have begun to grow. Making Soy Sauce is an opportunity for home industry to increase the level of economy of the community. However, the obstacle faced by the community is the high price of soybeans and the condition of the people in the Putat Jaya village who do not have a fixed income and do not have the skills, so it is necessary to find another alternative to making the soy sauce. By using the Asset-Based Community Development (ABCD) method, this study aims to provide training assistance to make soy sauce using cheaper ingredients, but it still has high quality. As a result of this assistance, the community was given counseling and twice practice to makie soy sauce from the basic ingredients of coconut water. The training in making coconut water sauce was successfully carried out, and the residents of Putat Jaya village were able to make good quality of soy sauce with savory taste, so that the community was able to become a soy sauce producer with coconut water and have a community of soy sauce makers.

scholarly journals Yayasan Pendidikan Islam Tompobulu, 1962-2010

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 88
Author(s):  
Resky Ananda ◽  
Mustari Bosra
Keyword(s):  
Public Library ◽  
Public University ◽  
Historical Research ◽  
Islamic Education ◽  
The People ◽  
The World ◽  
Education Study ◽  
Historical Education ◽  
The Times

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui latar belakang, perkembangan, serta dampak keberadaan Yayasan Pendidikan Islam Tompobulu di Kecamatan Tompobulu, Kabupaten Gowa. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian sejarah yang terdiri atas empat tahapan yaitu: heuristik, kritik sumber, interpertasi, dan historiografi. Data untuk penelitian ini diperoleh dari situs resmi dari Badan Pusat Statistik Kecamatan Tompobulu, serta hasil wawancara dengan beberapa pihak yang berperan penting dalam Yayasan Pendidikan Islam Tompobulu. Beberapa sumber buku yang terkait dengan dengan kajian penulis yang diperoleh dari Perpustakaan Kota Makassar, Perpustakaan Umum Universitas Negeri Makassar, Perpustakaan Prodi Pendidikan Sejarah, serta beberapa situs di internet. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa keberadaan Yayasan Pendidikan Islam Tompobulu memiliki peranan penting dalam dunia pendidikan di Kecamatan Tompobulu. Yayasan ini berdiri sebagai solusi bagi masyarakat Tompobulu yang mengalami kendala dalam pendidikan. Seiring dengan berjalannya waktu, maka yayasan ini juga mengalami perkembangan mengikuti zaman, sehingga  madrasah-madrasah naungan Yayasan Pendidikan Islam Tompobulu mampu bersaing dengan sekolah-sekolah lain yang ada di Kabupaten Gowa, khususnya di Kecamatan Tompobulu. Yayasan ini memiliki peranan yang besar dalam mencerdaskan serta meningkatkan mutu perekonomian masyarakat Kecamatan Tompobulu. Kata kunci : Yayasan, Pendidikan Islam, Tompobulu Abstract This research and writing aims to determine the background, development, and impact of the existence of the Tompobulu Islamic Education Foundation in Tompobulu District, Gowa Regency. This study uses a historical research method which consists of four stages, namely: heuristics, source criticism, interpretation, and historiography. Data for this study were obtained from the official website of the Central Statistics Agency of Tompobulu District, as well as the results of interviews with several parties who played an important role in the Tompobulu Islamic Education Foundation. Several book sources related to the study of writers obtained from the Makassar City Library, Makassar Public University Public Library, Historical Education Study Library, and several sites on the internet. The results of this study indicate that the existence of the Tompobulu Islamic Education Foundation has an important role in the world of education in Tompobulu District. This foundation stands as a solution for the people of Tompobulu who experience obstacles in education. As time goes by, the foundation also develops with the times, so that the Islamic Education Foundation Tompobulu madrassas are able to compete with other schools in Gowa Regency, especially in Tompobulu District. This foundation has a large role in educating and improving the economic quality of the people of Tompobulu Distric. Keywords: Foundation, Islamic Education, Tompobulu

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