scholarly journals Personal strength in the “VIA” model as a predictor of a teacher’s well-being in the professional sphere

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 371-388
Author(s):  
Artur Rean ◽  
◽  
Alexey Stavtsev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Positive Psychology ◽  
Professional Competence ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Personal Factors ◽  
Personal Strengths ◽  
Multiplier Effect ◽  
Action Model ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The One ◽  
The Individual

This article examines the “predictive model of personal well-being of a teacher in the professional sphere” developed by the authors based on a study conducted on a wide sample of teachers in the Russian Federation (N=7946). The presented model is based on the VIA (Values in Action) model, one of the key measures in the scientific direction of positive psychology. In the course of the study, 14 personal strengths out of 24 in the original model, which have the greatest multiplier effect of usefulness for personal well-being in the professional sphere of education were identified. Personal well-being in the professional sphere is described as a set of personal factors, including, first of all, high self-efficacy of the individual and the absence of professional burnout, and secondly, the individual’s general psychological well-being represented by life satisfaction and self-esteem. The authors believe that the resulting model can become an effective tool for the practical application of the concepts of positive psychology. On the one hand, it can be applied in the field of vocational guidance of young people. On the other hand, the model can be used as a tool for the development of professional competence of teachers in the field of personal well-being in the professional sphere, for example, in the form of selecting the most effective positive psychological interventions (PPI). The authors con clude that in the future, it is possible to scale the presented concept to other professional areas.

scholarly journals The Contribution of Food Consumption to Well-Being

2019 ◽  
Vol 74 (Suppl. 2) ◽  
pp. 44-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark D. Holder
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Positive Psychology ◽  
Food Consumption ◽  
Fast Food ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Healthy Foods ◽  
Personal Strengths ◽  
The Relationship

The newly emerging field of positive psychology focuses on the positive facets of life, including happiness, life satisfaction, personal strengths, and flourishing. Research in this field has empirically identified many important benefits of enhanced well-being, including improvements in blood pressure, immune competence, longevity, career success, and satisfaction with personal relationships. Recognizing these benefits has motivated researchers to identify the correlates and causes of well-being to inform them in the development and testing of strategies and interventions to elevate well-being. As positive psychology researchers throughout the world have turned their attention toward facets of food intake, a consensus is developing that the consumption of healthy foods can enhance well-being in a dose-response fashion. The link between unhealthy foods and well-being is less clear. Some studies suggest that under certain conditions, fast food may increase happiness, though other studies demonstrate that fast food can indirectly undermine happiness. The positive impact of food consumption on well-being is not limited to what people consume but extends to how they consume it and social factors related to eating. Though the research suggests that our food intake, particularly fruits and vegetables, increases our well-being, this research is in its infancy. Research specifically focused on subpopulations, including infants and pregnant mothers, is mostly lacking, and the mechanisms that underlie the relationship between food consumption and well-being remain to be elucidated.

scholarly journals FORTALEZAS Y VIRTUDES PERSONALES DEL PROFESORADO Y SU RELACIÓN CON LA EFICACIA DOCENTE

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 141
Author(s):  
Teresa Mª Perandones González ◽  
Lucía Herrera Torres ◽  
Asunción Lledó Carreres
Keyword(s):  
Teacher Efficacy ◽  
Social Cognitive ◽  
Cognitive Theory ◽  
Predictive Ability ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Theoretical Frameworks ◽  
Personal Strengths ◽  
Personal Virtue ◽  
The One

Abstract.PERSONAL STRENGTHS AND VIRTUES OF TEACHERS AND THEIR RELATIONSHIP WITH TEACHER SELF-EFFICACYThis study examines the relationship between personal strengths and virtues and teacher selfefficacy. For it, it is based on two theoretical frameworks, on the one hand, the contributions of Positive Psychology, and secondly, the principles of Social Cognitive Theory. The study was conducted at all levels of education, from Childhood education to Higher education, in two countries, Dominican Republic and Spain, with a sample of 454 teachers. The instruments used were the Personal Strengths Questionnaire VIA (Values in Action Inventory of Strengths: VIA-IS), which assesses personal strengths, and Teacher Efficacy Scale (Teacher Efficacy Scale), which measures two dimensions: Teacher Effectiveness and Personal Effectiveness. The results obtained through the analysis of correlation and regression indicate, firstly, significant correlations between the two dimensions of the Teacher Efficacy Scale and the six Personal Virtues, and, secondly, the predictive ability with respect to the Effectiveness teaching, a Personal Virtue: Humanity and Love. From this empirical justification, in discussions of work incorporate arises in the initial and continuing teacher education, the Personal Strengths and Virtues, since they are the basis for growth personal and professional effectiveness, well-being and development of the potential of each person.Keywords: personal strengths and virtues, teacher self-efficacy, well-being, love, personal and professional growthResumen.Este estudio analiza la relación entre las fortalezas y virtudes personales y la autoeficacia docente. Para ello se sustenta en dos marcos teóricos de referencia, por una parte, las aportaciones de la Psicología Positiva, y por otra, los postulados de la Teoría Social Cognitiva. El estudio se ha llevado a cabo en todos los niveles educativos, desde la Educación Infantil hasta la Educación Superior, en dos países; República Dominicana y España, con una muestra de 454 docentes. Los instrumentos utilizados han sido el Cuestionario VIA de Fortalezas Personales (Values in Action Inventory of Strengths: VIA-IS), que evalúa las fortalezas personales, y la Escala de Eficacia Docente (Teacher Efficacy Scale), la cual mide dos dimensiones: la Eficacia Docente y la Eficacia Personal. Los resultados obtenidos a través de los análisis de correlación y de regresión señalan, por una parte, correlaciones significativas entre las dos dimensiones de la Escala de Eficacia Docente y las seis Virtudes Personales; y, por otra, la capacidad predictiva, respecto a la Eficacia Docente, de una Virtud Personal: la Humanidad y el Amor. Partiendo de ésta justificación empírica, en las discusiones del trabajo se plantea la incorporación, en la formación inicial y permanente del profesorado, de las Fortalezas y Virtudes Personales, puesto que son la base para el crecimiento y la efectividad personal y profesional, el bienestar y el desarrollo de la potencialidad de cada persona.Palabras clave: fortalezas y virtudes personales, autoeficacia docente, bienestar, amor, crecimiento personal y profesional

scholarly journals Reflection of the category “security” and derivative concepts in the Constitution of the Russian Federation (in the light of the amendments of 2020)

2021 ◽  
pp. 44-59
Author(s):  
Denis Vladimirovich Iroshnikov
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
Public Security ◽  
Security Threats ◽  
Constitutional Amendments ◽  
Major Threat ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The One ◽  
The Individual

This article examines security as the constitutional-legal category through the prism of its consolidation alongside the derivative concepts (national security, public security, environmental safety, and other) in the text of the Constitution of the Russian Federation. Special attention is given to the evolution of the category of “security” in the Constitution of the Russian Federation in the context of amendments introduced in 2020, which also affected constitutional framework of ensuring security. However, the subject of research does not include the question on the need and feasibility of amending the Constitution of the Russian Federation in 2020, as well as implementation of such significant changes without its full revision. The author concludes that from the perspective of improving the constitutional framework of security, it is difficult to assess the constitutional amendments unambiguously. On the one hand, question od security was left out, and some of its aspects were reflected in the text of the Constitution, although the pivotal questions of ensuring security could have been regulated by the constitutional norms in more detail. The author notes that according to the Constitution, the major threat to the individual, society and the state regardless the introduced amendments, is the threat of military nature. In that context, the fundamentals of countering security threats of nonmilitary nature should be reflected in the Constitution more constructively.

scholarly journals Theoretical basis and methodology of strategizing of the private and public sectors of the Kuzbass region as a medial subsystem of the national economy

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 290-299
Author(s):  
V. L. Kvint
Keyword(s):  
National Economy ◽  
Theoretical Basis ◽  
Swot Analysis ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Regional Strategies ◽  
Private And Public ◽  
Public Sectors ◽  
The One ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Investment Capacity

In connection with the growing role of the regions in national socio-economic systems, the article puts forth the theoretical basis and methodology of strategizing for the development of both the private and public sectors of the region as a medial subsystem of the national economy. Essentially, the strategy of regional development is always of a socioeconomic nature and is designed to be focused on improving the material, spiritual and intellectual quality of life of the population. The development of all-encompassing regional umbrella strategies which, on the one hand, must implement the strategies of a higher political, economic or military stratum, and, on the other hand, have a significant impact on the formation of strategies for strategic objects of a lower level, is the most difficult practical task. The absence or weak substantiation of regional strategies, reduces the effectiveness of both national and corporate and municipal strategies. The expediency of analyzing opportunities and threats as it pertains to the internal environment of the strategized object, based on an OTSW analysis, versus a SWOT analysis, is proven. Creating conditions for the intellectual and emotional development of the individual, and his material well-being, is discussed as the main objective of all strategizing and its resulting transformations. The proposed methodology made it possible to discern and pursue the strategic priorities of the Kuzbass region, that have the most competitive advantages, to systematize and draw the contours of the priorities, to justify the investment capacity as it pertains to each priority, over long periods of time, and to assess their social and economic efficiency, mainly for the purposes of the regional public budget.

Positive Psychology: Past, Present, and Future

2009 ◽  
pp. 6-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ed Diener
Keyword(s):  
Positive Psychology ◽  
Good Life ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The Good Life ◽  
Human Functioning ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Individual

This chapter briefly reviews the history of positive psychology, and the endeavor by scientists to answer the classic question posed by philosophers: What is the good life? One piece of evidence for the growth of positive psychology is the proliferation of measures to assess concepts such as happiness, well-being, and virtue. The chapter briefly reviews the importance of C. R. Snyder to the field of positive psychology. Several critiques of positive psychology are discussed. One valid critique is that there is too much emphasis within positive psychology on the individual, and too little focus on positive societies, institutions, and situations. We can profit from considering the various critiques because they will help us to improve the field. Positive psychology has important strengths, such as the number of young scholars and practitioners who are entering the field. The Handbook of Positive Psychology is an outstanding resource for all those who are working in this discipline, and also for others outside of the area, to gain broad knowledge of the important developments that are occurring in our understanding of positive human functioning.

Pathways from adversity to wisdom

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Dorfman ◽  
Igor Grossmann ◽  
David A Moscovitch
Keyword(s):  
Well Being ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Folk Beliefs ◽  
Personal Strengths ◽  
Post Traumatic Growth ◽  
Adverse Experiences ◽  
Epistemic Humility ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
The One ◽  
Health And Well Being

Folk beliefs and philosophers have long suggested that mastering adversity contributes to growth in wisdom –adaptability to the situation, perspectivism, dialectical thinking, and epistemic humility. But existing research on outcomes of adversity suggests a puzzle. On the one hand, cross-sectional studies have found adversity leads to post-traumatic growth in personal strengths such as wisdom. On the other hand, focus on adverse experiences exacerbates negative emotions and thoughts and undermines health and well-being over time. Our chapter highlights the idea that outcomes of adversity may depend on one’s mindset when reflecting on the adverse experience. Adopting a self-distanced mindset rather than the habitual self-focused or self-immersed mindset is likely to enhance wise characteristics. We review evidence-based advances in the study of daily adversity and wisdom, specifically focusing on utilizing longitudinal and experimental methodologies, and address future questions and clinical implications of self-distanced mindsets for growth in wisdom.

Patient orientation is the main focus of the general practitioner’s work

2021 ◽  
pp. 15-20
Author(s):  
Oksana Aleksandrovna Rybachok
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Economic Conditions ◽  
Patient Organizations ◽  
Modern Economic ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Second World ◽  
Modern Technologies

Taking into account the uneven settlement of the population of the Russian Federation, as well as with the aim of adapting the medical sphere to modern economic conditions in the context of the new economic mechanism, the reform of the health care system was started in the late 1990s. As a result of the reorganization of the primary care, a new specialty appeared, i.e. general practitioners, who replaced therapists and pediatricians. For many years, the principle of treatment of the disease was dominant in the Russian health care, without taking into account the individual characteristics of a patient; the introduced reform was aimed at ensuring that the doctor would advise a particular patient for all his/her life, know the characteristics of the organism, and understand the etiopathogenesis of the development of a particular disease. In February 2006, at the second World Patient Congress held in Spain by the International Alliance of Patient Organizations (IAPO), the Declaration on Patient-Centred Healthcare was adopted. It is an alternative program, aimed primarily not at treatment, but at the prevention of diseases, health promotion and the formation of general well-being, based on modern technologies and an individual approach to each patient.

scholarly journals Preparedness of Working Population to Adhere to Legal Constraints and Prohibitions during the COVID-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 223-237
Author(s):  
Olga A. Koropets ◽  
M.V. Сhudinovskikh
Keyword(s):  
Online Survey ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Working Population ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Perceived Severity ◽  
The Public ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Legal Constraints ◽  
The One

In the pandemic times the majority of countries of the world resorted to introduction of prohibitions and constraints. The efficiency of these steps, the public well-being and safety largely depend on the willingness of people to observe them. The article presents the results of the research conducted throughout the territory of the Russian Federation during the first week of the lockdown (announced starting March 30 2020). 269 economically active (employed) respondents (186 women and 83 men aged 18-70) participated in an online survey. The study aimed at establishing the factors affecting the preparedness of the working population to observe the legal restrictions and prohibitions imposed during the initial stage of the COVID-19 pandemic. The authors put forward and confirmed a hypothesis that the preparedness of the working population to comply with the prohibitions and limitations introduced in the pandemic is influenced by the perceived severity of the risk of getting infected during the performance of their professional duties and by the risk of loss of income. The study revealed the correlation between one's individual preparedness to respect the prohibitions and constraints on the one side and the rightful behavior of employers on the other.

Demographic Well-Being: Theoretical Approaches to Definition and Assessment Methodology

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 5-19
Author(s):  
Sergey Ryazantsev ◽  
Timur Miryazov
Keyword(s):  
Population Growth ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Birth Rate ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Its Region ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Demographic Development ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Individual

The article introduces the concept of “demographic well-being”. At the micro level, demographic well-being should be understood as the possibility of realizing matrimonial, reproductive, migration attitudes, which leads to life satisfaction and the achievement of the desired physical, mental, socio-economic state of the individual and the family. Demographic well-being at the level of a country or its region, at the macro level, can be interpreted as a balanced ratio of quantitative and qualitative indicators of the demographic development of a country (region) for at least five years. The article also examines the features of the demographic development of the Russian Federation during the second wave of depopulation. A methodology for assessing demographic well-being based on several criteria is proposed. First, demographic well-being should be characterized by positive (upward) demographic dynamics that have a stable (long-term) character. Secondly, regions in which there is a population growth due to two components – natural and migratory population growth – can be considered demographically prosperous. Regions in which there is a migration or natural decline in population, but there is a general increase, cannot be considered demographically prosperous. Thirdly, the ratio of indicators and the dynamics of fertility and mortality rates can be considered an important point. First of all, this is their direct ratio, where the birth rate should exceed the death rate. At the same time, the birth rate should be close to the population replacement level, and the structure of mortality should have no extreme “surges” in the form of excess mortality in the working age and younger age groups. Fourth, an important point is the qualitative indicators of demographic well-being, including a balanced sex and age structure of the population, the optimal proportion of young people and pensioners, and the availability of labor resources necessary for socio-economic development. The typology of the regions of the Russian Federation according to the indicators of demographic well-being is presented. The authors also propose measures of demographic policy to achieve demographic well-being in the Russian Federation, including federal and regional measures.

THE PERSPECTIVE OF HUMAN ABILITIES IN THE CONTEXT OF POSITIVE PSYCHOLOGY AND EDUCATION

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 837-842
Author(s):  
Venelina Stoeva Stoeva
Keyword(s):  
Positive Psychology ◽  
Interpersonal Relationships ◽  
Personal Growth ◽  
School Environment ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Character Strengths ◽  
Biological Laws ◽  
The One ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Difficult Situations

The issue of human abilities is widely discussed in the field of psychological literature . It has been developed within specific theories as well as therapeutic practices. In the context of modern positive psychology human abilities are placed within the framework of a continuum including the understanding of them as fixed and unchangeable in time, and at the other end of the same continuum is the conviction that they can be improved and developed by making certain efforts. In the second understanding challenges and difficult situations are an integral part of the way towards the realization of the purposes and serve as a springboard for learning new things and for personal growth. The perception of the idea that competencies and skills are determined by biological laws has to do with the desire to avoid risk and failure as well as with a desire for continuous confirmation of current developments. Uncertainty is the factor responsible for choosing not to endeavour and the one which not lead to a different result. According to Carol Dweck someone’s self-acceptnce has significant impact on the choice of a way of living. It is clear that a conviction may have the power to transform an individual's perception of the world. The idea of human abilities can be viewed in the context of the development of character strengths. These are the human competencies in which the implementation of an activity is carried out with ease and leads to a feeling of satisfaction and value. The development of strengths positively correlated with wellbeing and meaning. Leading life according to personal values and goals selected corresponding to individual’s strengths have positive impact on the psychological and physical health. Due to the fact that the understanding of the abilities is formed in early childhood the emphasis in modern educational practices was placed on individual skills and traits to be identified and encouraged. An essential aspect in these two theoretical paradigms is the fact that someone’s self-acceptance as well as the development of strengths are relevant to all other areas of life, i.e. there are a transfer of these skills in areas such as professional commitment, personal life, hobbies, etc. Everyone has his/her own strengths but not everyone has differentiated them. When recognized, the path to their development should go, so that the activities of the individual correspond to the most prominent skills and competences. The set of 24 character strengths includes spheres such as spiritual life, good-heartedness, curiosity, justice. Related to Carol Dweck’s theory we may conclude that they have the powr to change some strategies used in interpersonal relationships as well as in the school environment.

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