scholarly journals Efficiency evaluation of sewage treatment technologies: Implications on aquatic ecosystem health

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Umara Qayoom ◽  
Sami Ullah Bhat ◽  
Irfan Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Batch Reactor ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Total Coliform ◽  
Lake Ecosystem ◽  
Dal Lake ◽  
Treatment Technologies ◽  
Treatment Facilities ◽  
Srinagar City

Abstract This research paper tries to identify and address issues related to efficiency of Sewage Treatment Plants (STPs) and their implications on the Dal Lake ecosystem in Srinagar city, Kashmir, India. Fluidized Aerobic Bioreactor (FAB) and Sequential Batch Reactor (SBR) technologies having been recently installed along the periphery of Dal Lake were evaluated for efficiency for a continuous period of 24 months from December 2016 to November 2018. Apart from chemical quality, total coliform (TC), fecal coliform (FC), and fecal streptococci (FS) analyses were also carried out. Major highlights of our work using one-way ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) revealed significant variations (p < 0.05) in Total Suspended Solids (TSS), Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), ammonia (NH3-N), total phosphorus (TP), TC, FC, and FS. Our findings indicate that both technologies are struggling for removal efficiency, which is very low, especially in FAB during three to four months of winter season where a very high drop in the working efficiency of the STP was observed. The treatment facilities did not meet the prescribed standards in respect of TSS, BOD, NH3-N, TP, TC, FC, and FS thereby having the potential to compromise public health and trophic status of Dal Lake.

scholarly journals Performance evaluation and upgrade options for existing sequencing batch reactor for nutrient removal

2019 ◽  
Vol 268 ◽  
pp. 06007
Author(s):  
Jahziel Lantin ◽  
Jeremy Ynnos Abenoja ◽  
Jason Ly ◽  
Cheenee Marie Castillones ◽  
Arnel Beltran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Performance Evaluation ◽  
Membrane Bioreactor ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Sequencing Batch Reactor ◽  
Batch Reactor ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Treatment Facility ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Hierarchy Process

Assessment and upgrade of existing sewage treatment plants (STPs) are necessary due to the revision of the existing effluent regulations which now monitors nutrients including ammonia, nitrate and phosphates. The aim of this study is the performance evaluation of four sequencing batch reactor (SBR) type of STP based on the following parameters: biological oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), total suspended solids (TSS), nitrates, ammonia, phosphates and pH; and their potential upgrade based on the revised regulations stated in DAO 2016-08. Four sequencing batch reactor (SBR) type of STP were assessed for 12 weeks for this study. Results showed noncompliance with nutrient levels, thus upgrade is necessary. Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP), a Multi-Criteria-Analysis (MCA) tool, was used to select the best option for upgrade among options that include (1) additional SBR tank, (2) diverting wastewater to another treatment facility, and (3) converting the SBR into membrane bioreactor (MBR). Considering the criterion for upgrade, option 2 was the most preferred decision followed by option 1 then option 3.

Analysis of Advantages and Disadvantages of Sewage Treatment Technology and its Application in Rural Areas of Beijing

2011 ◽  
Vol 71-78 ◽  
pp. 4774-4777
Author(s):  
Ying Li ◽  
Jing Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Implementation Process ◽  
Treatment Technology ◽  
Application Range ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Treatment Technologies ◽  
Treatment Facilities ◽  
Specific Implementation ◽  
Current Stage

At the current stage, sewage treatment technologies in rural areas of Beijing are applied frequently, they have their own advantages and disadvantages in the specific implementation process. Combining with the recent investigation of operation management of sewage treatment facilities in rural areas of Beijing, analyze advantages and disadvantages of rural sewage treatment technology and its application range in Beijing, aiming at provide a reference on the application of sewage treatment technology in rural areas of Beijing.

scholarly journals Biodegradation of Sewage Wastewater Using Autochthonous Bacteria

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Purnima Dhall ◽  
Rita Kumar ◽  
Anil Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Biological Treatment ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Bacillus Pumilus ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Total Suspended Solids ◽  
Inoculum Size ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plants ◽  
Treatment Facilities ◽  
Autochthonous Bacteria

The performance of isolated designed consortia comprisingBacillus pumilus, Brevibacterium sp, and Pseudomonas aeruginosafor the treatment of sewage wastewater in terms of reduction in COD (chemical oxygen demand), BOD (biochemical oxygen demand) MLSS (mixed liquor suspended solids), and TSS (total suspended solids) was studied. Different parameters were optimized (inoculum size, agitation, and temperature) to achieve effective results in less period of time. The results obtained indicated that consortium in the ratio of 1 : 2 (effluent : biomass) at 200 rpm, 35°C is capable of effectively reducing the pollutional load of the sewage wastewaters, in terms of COD, BOD, TSS, and MLSS within the desired discharge limits, that is, 32 mg/L, 8 mg/L, 162 mg/L, and 190 mg/L. The use of such specific consortia can overcome the inefficiencies of the conventional biological treatment facilities currently operational in sewage treatment plants.

scholarly journals Effluent Treatment Technologies and Cost Research

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 6752-6757
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Wastewater ◽  
Microbial Growth ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Batch Reactor ◽  
Industrial Effluent ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Industrial Effluents ◽  
Effluent Treatment ◽  
Treatment Technologies ◽  
The Common

The Common Effluent Treatment Plants (CETP) minimizes the pollution from industrial effluents. This plant monitors the reduction of physical and biochemical parameters such as total suspended solids (TSS), biological oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), dissolved oxygen (DO), heavy metals etc. The Sequential Batch Reactor (SBR), a variation of the ASP, combines all the treatment steps and processes into a single basin. An improved SBR process is Attached Growth Batch Reactor (AGBR) technology that provisions for microbial growth on the settled media/bed to treat the industrial wastewater using enzymes. This technology, when used to treat polluted river water, achieved about 90% of reduction of wastewater parameters. Hence the same is envisioned for the treatment of industrial effluent. In all the above methods the sludge settlement occurs. It contains biodegradable carbon content which could be used as feed for Biogas Digesters to produce Methane. The present study aims at examining the benefits of combining AGBR and Biogas Digester to implement the 3Rs (Reduce, Recycle, Reuse) [1]

scholarly journals Efficiency of Sequential Batch Reactor (SBR) based sewage treatment plant and its discharge impact on Dal Lake, Jammu & Kashmir, India

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 517-524
Author(s):  
Mukesh Ruhela ◽  
Adil Ahmad Wani ◽  
Faheem Ahamad
Keyword(s):  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Batch Reactor ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Continuous Increase ◽  
Sequential Batch Reactor ◽  
Dal Lake ◽  
Confluence Zone ◽  
The Impact

Dal Lake is the second largest and most beautiful Lake in the state of Jammu and Kashmir and is the major centre of tourist activities. Due to the continuous increase in the population, the generation of domestic wastewater also increased. The present study was carried out to assess the efficiency of Sequential Batch Reactor (SBR) based Sewage Treatment Plant (STP) located at Brari Numbal and its discharge impact on the physicochemical properties of Dal Lake. The sample was collected from the selected sampling sites (inlet and outlet of SBR based STP, upstream, confluence zone, and downstream of Dal Lake) for five months (November 2019 to March 2020) and analysed using the standard methodologies. The plant shows maximum removal efficiency for BOD (79.85%) although the effluent BOD was found above the standard limit. The minimum removal efficiency of the plant was observed in the case of pH (3.46%). The gain in the case of DO was observed +851.55%. All the sites of Dal Lake were found polluted but the confluence zone and downstream were more polluted in comparison to the upstream due to the discharge of STP outlet into Dal Lake with higher BOD and COD (21.39% increase in BOD, 43.29% increase in COD; 80.10% increase in iron, 65.61% increase in ammonical nitrogen, and 101% increase in phosphate concentration). Besides this, discharge of the huge quantity of untreated wastewater from the city into the lake is also responsible for the degraded water quality of Dal Lake. It can be concluded that efficiency of the plant was in moderate condition and it needs further modifications. This is the first study showing the impact of SBR-STP effluent on Dal Lake.

Near-infrared spectroscopic assessment of contamination level of sewage

2010 ◽  
Vol 61 (8) ◽  
pp. 1957-1963 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tetsuya Inagaki ◽  
Yukari Shinoda ◽  
Mitsuhiro Miyazawa ◽  
Hitoshi Takamura ◽  
Satoru Tsuchikawa
Keyword(s):  
Water Samples ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Nir Spectroscopy ◽  
Sewage Water ◽  
Contamination Level ◽  
Spectral Variation ◽  
Background Interference ◽  
Treatment Facilities

We examined the use of near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy as a rapid technique for the evaluation of sewage quality. Influent water samples, primary sedimentation tank water samples, and final effluent water samples were collected from sewage treatment facilities in Nagoya, Japan and their NIR spectra obtained. Partial least squares (PLS) models for total phosphate (TP), total nitrogen (TN), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), total organic carbon (TOC), and turbidity of sewage water were constructed from the NIR data. The models provided good correlation between measurements obtained conventionally and those predicted from spectroscopy. Spectral variation induced by background interference in samples affected accuracy. Loading plots and score plots derived from PLS regression analysis resolved the background interference and allowed highly accurate predictions. Spectral variation induced by contamination in the sewage was a main predictor of sewage quality. These results show that NIR spectroscopy shows potential for in-line, non-destructive measurement of sewage quality.

scholarly journals Physicochemical and bacteriological characterization of raw sewage from the Meknes region Morocco

2018 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
pp. 02007
Author(s):  
Ouallal Hassan ◽  
El Hamzaoui Najia ◽  
Sbiti Mohammed ◽  
Machkor Mohammed ◽  
Messaoudi Lahcen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fecal Coliform ◽  
Bacterial Load ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Total Coliform ◽  
Ammonium Nitrogen ◽  
Limit Values ◽  
The One ◽  
Nitrogen Phosphorus

The region of Meknes suffers from a significant delay in the water sector, including sewage treatment. The Urban waste water in the region originates from various activities; households, industry, agriculture and hospital. These waters are released in to nature without any treatment, which constitutes a serious risk for the environment. The objective of this research is to characterize the physicochemical and bacteriological pollution of the three sewage collectors of the Meknes region (Aïn Choubbik, Oued Ouislane and Aïn Taoujdate). Indeed, the pollution parameters; biological and chemical oxygen demand are abnormally high, which indicates clearly that waste waters is rich of reducing or oxidizing organic materials. Ammonium, nitrogen, phosphorus and heavy metals concentrations exceed the limit values. So these waters are classified as bad or very bad quality. On the one hand, the presence of a large bacterial load indicates fecal contamination. The total coliform, fecal coliform and fecal streptococci levels are high exceeding exceed the values specified the WHO guidelines and the Moroccan standards. This situation is likely to cause serious and irreparable damage to the environment groundwater. To counter this, make the necessary investment in sewage treatment and other remedial measures is key to preventing pollution and its spread.

Aerobic sequential batch reactor for domestic sewage treatment: parametric optimization and kinetics studies

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Neela Acharya ◽  
Vijay Kumar ◽  
Vandana Gupta ◽  
Chandrakant Thakur ◽  
Parmesh Kumar Chaudhari
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Batch Reactor ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Domestic Sewage ◽  
Initial Value ◽  
Sequential Batch Reactor ◽  
Treated Water ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Study Process

Abstract Domestic sewage (DS) was first treated in aerobic sequential batch reactor (SBR). In order to increase the treated water quality, DS from SBR was further treated using electrocoagulation (EC) and Ion exchange (IE) process. In the SBR study, process parameters such as hydraulic retention time (HRT) and reactor fill time (t f ) was optimized at various volume exchange ratio (VER) of 0.534, 0.4, 0.266, and 0.133. The best HRT and t f were observed to be 0.78 day (d) and 2 h, respectively, providing 72.37% chemical oxygen demand (COD) reduction (initial value of COD = 270 mg/dm3). Kinetics of biodegradation in SBR was also studied. The second stage treatment was performed in EC reactor at 1 ampere (A) current for 30 min electrolysis time (t R). EC reactor, further reduced COD and biological oxygen demand (BOD) up to 72 and 21 mg/dm3 from its average initial COD and BOD of 94 and 23 mg/dm3, respectively. Second stage treatment in IE process reduced hardness, sulphate, and phosphate up to 15, 0.05, and 0.13 mg/dm3 from its initial value 350, 5.48 and 1.16 mg/dm3, respectively. The treated water can be used as potable water after disinfection as its water quality is near to river water.

scholarly journals Forecasting Past and Future Trend of Physio-Chemical Parameters in Dal Lake, Srinagar Kashmir, India using Statistical Analysis and Modelling

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 1043-1051 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Winter Season ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Water Quality Monitoring ◽  
Future Trend ◽  
Summer Season ◽  
Quality Monitoring ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
The Past ◽  
Dal Lake ◽  
Increasing Trends

The paper presents an overview of recent physiochemical investigations on Dal lake with emphasis on lake, longterm water quality monitoring data from Lake and Water Development Authority (LAWDA1997-2017, published and unpublished data) with present analysis of Dal Lake to compare the water trends for pH, dissolved oxygen, chemical oxygen demand(COD),NO3 -N,Total Phosphorus(TP) and Transparency. The main sampling efforts include visit to 36 samplingsitesto find the past and future trend of these physio chemicalparameters(pH, DO, COD, NO3 -N, TP and Transparency).Maximum decreasing trendline was found for pH in Nigeen basin in summer season and lowertrends were found inNehru park basin in winter season. Maximum decreasing trendline was found for DO in Nigeen basin in summer season and lower trends were found in Nehru park basin in winter season. COD has shown maximum increasing trends in all basins mostly in Nigeen basin in summer season and lower decreasing trends in Hazratbal basin in autumn season, concentration of NO3 -N and TP have shown increasing trends in all basins of lake mostly in Nigeen basin in summer season and lower increasing trends in Nehru park basin in winter season. Trend of transparency has shown decreasing trends in all basins of lake particularly in Nigeen basin in summer season and lower trends can be seen mostly in Nehru park basin in winter season. Tourism influx,maximum use of pesticides and fertilizers in the horticultureandagriculture fields during the growing season (June–August) in the Dal Lake shows a drastic change of these parameters through these years and the influx of tourists visiting this lake has increased in the summer months which isresponsible for eutrophication of Dal Lake and needs serious managerial actions.

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