scholarly journals Konsep Worldview: Usaha Melengkapi Konsep Struktur dalam Teori Strukturasi Giddens

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 220
Author(s):  
Johanis Putratama Kamuri
Keyword(s):  
Social Structure ◽  
Systematic Reviews ◽  
Social Practice ◽  
Structuration Theory ◽  
Research Problem ◽  
Social Practices ◽  
Cognitive Structures ◽  
Cultural Components ◽  
Virtual Structures

The aim of this paper is to complete the concept of structure, in structuration theory, with the concept of worldview. Giddens' structuration theory emphasizes structure as a result as well as a medium for the regularization of social practice. It emphasizes structure in cognition but ignores the structure of society. As a result, the theory does not explain how social practices that produce virtual structures can exist and be practiced continuously in society, before virtual structures are formed in agents’ cognition? Therefore, the concept of structure needs to be complemented with the concept of worldview, which emphasizes the existence of a social structure that reveals itself through cultural components. Systematic reviews, on MacIntyre's thoughts and various thoughts related to the worldview, show that cultural components produce the regularization of social practice. The result is the formation of the worlview as the medium for social practice. It means that the worldview concept emphasizes the correspondence of the society's objective structure and the cognitive structures. This concept can show the existence of the structure of society and the influence of cultural components in it on the regularization of social practice and the formation of the worldview. Worldview concept answers the research problem.

scholarly journals TRANSFORMASI SOSIAL DESA ADAT MENJADI DESA WISATA EDELWEIS: PERPEKTIF TEORI STRUKTURISASI “ANTHONY GIDDENS”

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 53-73
Author(s):  
Setiyo Yuli Handono
Keyword(s):  
Social Change ◽  
Social Practice ◽  
Structuration Theory ◽  
Social Practices ◽  
Structure Control ◽  
Physical Conditions ◽  
Anthony Giddens ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

The phenomenon of social change that occurred in Wonokitri Village, Sub-District of Tosari, Pasuruan Regency was very pronounced from the early 2000s until 2019. Changes not only change physical conditions even socially and economically also change very rapidly. These changes occur through planning and the role of parties from internal and external. The formulation of the problem includes: 1) who are the agents and structures in social change? Wonokitri Village (formerly known as Desa Adat) becomes a Tourism Village; The analysis in this research uses Anthony Giddens' structuration theory which explains the concept of agent and structure, space and time, as well as the relationship of structure with agent's social practice. This type of research is qualitative research with a case study method. Data collection uses observation, which is observing the condition of the village environment and various social practices of agents and the Wonokitri community in relation to the research context, interviews with key and additional informants, and gathering various documentation.The results showed that there were three main agents (tayuban / teropan: pardi and budi, jeep tourism and homestay: sukir) from the Wonokitri community who had influence in the community. The role he does in social change is through socialization, coordination, synergy and cooperation. The existing structure comes from the Wonokitri community and their social practices which are motivated by their practical and discursive awareness as well as the role of community leaders (Village Head: Pak Iksan), traditional leaders (Customary Chair: Pak Kadik) through their structural policies. The relationship between the agent and the structure in change occurs through the scheme of domination structure (control of the agent over the structure), continuing significance (the invitation of the agent to the structure), and achieving the scheme of legitimacy (justification for the agent's efforts by the structure).

scholarly journals Binarism, Identity (Crisis) and Power Structures in Postcolonial Anglophone Fiction: Analyzing Discursive Strategies in The God of Small Things

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 100
Author(s):  
Sundas Tahreem ◽  
Inayat Ullah ◽  
Tariq Khan
Keyword(s):  
Social Structure ◽  
Critical Discourse Analysis ◽  
Social Practice ◽  
Social Practices ◽  
Social Identities ◽  
Power Relationships ◽  
Power Structures ◽  
Language And Literature ◽  
Small Things

Binary relationship among people of a particular society creates a power correlation that becomes a common social practice of that society with the passage of time. Social structure is based on power structure of any society that defines social identities on the basis of collective social ideology. The present study is based on Fairclough’s approach to Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) that takes discourse as social practice. In this study, an effort has been made to show how social practices create power imbalance in the society. The objectives include study of binary relationships that establish power relationships, role of power structures to define social identities, role of ideology to maintain power and hegemony in social structures and to bring into the limelight the resistance of oppressed class against power structures. The study is delimited to the novel, The God of Small Things by Arundhati Roy, and Postcolonial binarism is applied for analysis of the text. Binary relationships of the society have been exclusively studied through Fairclough’s approach to CDA. The analysis shows that social identities are ideologically driven on the basis of power relationships and it is due to ideological construction that certain group of people sets up hegemony and dominated group gives its consent to dominant group. Firstly, discourse forms knowledge which defines social relationship. Secondly, ideology is constructed due to power relationships. Lastly, social roles construct social identities on the basis of ideology. Roy also has created some economically weak and socially marginalized characters in her novel which try to go against established social practices to bring disorder in the hierarchy of social structure. The study has research implications for the fields of Language and Literature as the evaluation deals with the exploration of a literary text through the lens of the theories of language and literature. Researchers can also further the scope of the present study by conducting an exclusive and comprehensive study of the selected novel on marginalization of women in the given society.

Postface: Brokerage as social practice

2021 ◽  
pp. 092137402110340
Author(s):  
Thomas Bierschenk
Keyword(s):  
Social Practice ◽  
Social Practices ◽  
Ideal Type ◽  
Social Actors ◽  
Classical Definition ◽  
Equal Distance ◽  
Social Type ◽  
Strong Concept

This postface argues for a narrow and analytically strong concept of brokerage, which is oriented towards the classical definition by Boissevain. His ideal type emphasises the agency of brokers who actively pursue their own interests and act at an equal distance to the groups between which they mediate. Furthermore, the text argues for thinking of brokerage as a bundle of social practices instead of as brokers in the sense of a social type. While few social actors are fully-fledged brokers, many of them engage in brokerage.

scholarly journals Practices of Piety: An Alternative Approach to the Study of Islamic Movements

Religions ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 520
Author(s):  
Aaron Rock-Singer
Keyword(s):  
Social Practice ◽  
Gender Segregation ◽  
Social Practices ◽  
Islamic Movements ◽  
Alternative Approach ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Do So

This article challenges the dominant organization-centered focus of the study of Islamic movements, and argues for a turn towards social practice. To do so, it traces the rise and spread of Egypt’s leading Salafi movement, Ansar al-Sunna al-Muhammadiyya (e. 1926) and its role in popularizing a series of distinct practices between 1940 and 1990. Based on the full run of this movement’s magazine, al-Hadi al-Nabawi (the Prophetic Guide, 1936–66) and al-Tawhid (Monolatry, 1973–93), the article explores the conditions in which practices such as praying in shoes and bareheaded, gender segregation and the cultivation of a fist-length beard were both politically viable and strategically advantageous. In doing so, it not only casts light on the trajectory of this movement, but also shows how and why the articulation and performance of distinct social practices are central to how Islamic movements shape society.

scholarly journals «Rýhanı dúnıetanym», «rýhanılyq» kategorııalarynyń pedagogıkalyq jáne psıhologııalyq uǵymdary [Pedagogical and Psychological Concepts of the Category “Spiritual Worldview” and “Spirituality”]

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (117) ◽  
pp. 161-174
Author(s):  
B.J. Parıdınova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Structure ◽  
Research Problem ◽  
The State ◽  
Theoretical Understanding ◽  
The Core ◽  
The Social ◽  
Spirituality In Education ◽  
Basic Concepts ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Pedagogical Science

The problem of developing the spiritual worldview and spirituality was the development of society at all stages. The spiritual worldview and spirituality of the individual, teachers in society changed depending on the level of the social structure of the state and its ideology, religious and secular views, the development of pedagogical science. Therefore, the spiritual worldview and spirituality of the whole society is one of the most important characteristics of the pedagogical preparation of the individual. The research problem is relevant in the framework of the program «Rukhani zhangyru». Therefore, we believe that a set of activities under the program is the core of this topic. Spiritual worldview and spirituality is the most important issue in the context of globalization. The purpose of this article is to generalize and systematize this problem, to determine the role and place of the spiritual worldview and spirituality. To achieve the purpose, this study discusses some of the findings of scientists on the problem of spiritual worldview and spirituality in education. The discussed fundamental principles of development and existing scientific works on the problem of spiritual worldview and spirituality. Many actual issues can be considered in the notion of concept since these categories has not yet been studied in science. In this article special attention is paid to spiritual worldview and spirituality and its basic concepts, which is one of the most important problems in pedagogy and psychology. The article the relevance and importance of theoretical understanding of the data category. Presented some theoretical problems of the formation and preservation of spiritual worldview and spirituality. Рухани дүниетанымның даму мәселесі және руханилық қоғам дамуының барлық салаларында өзекті болып саналады. Қоғамдағы тұлғаның, мұғалімнің рухани дүниетанымы мен руханилығы мемлекеттің әлеуметтік құрылысы мен оның идеологиясы, діни және зайырлы көзқарастары, педагогикалық ғылымның дамуы деңгейіне байланысты өзгеріп отырады. Сондықтан барлық қоғам мүшелерінің рухани дүниетанымы мен руханилығы тұлғаның педагогикалық дайындығының маңызды сипаттамалық белгісі болып табылады. Зерттеу мәселесі «Рухани жаңғыру» бағдарламасы аясында өзекті болып саналады. Сол себепті бағдарлама шеңберіндегі шаралар кешені берілген тақырыптың өзегі деп ойлаймыз. Жаһандану шарттарында «Рухани дүниетаным» және «Руханилық» категориялары маңызды мәселе болып табылады. Осы мақаланың мақсаты болып берілген мәселені жинақтау және жүйелеу, рухани дүниетаным мен руханилықтың рөлін, орнын анықтау болып саналады. Мақсатқа жету үшін берілген жұмыста білім берудегі рухани дүниетаным мен руханилық мәселесіне байланысты кейбір қорытындылары қарастырылады. Рухани дүниетаным мен руханилық мәселесіне байланысты дамытудың негізгі қағидалары мен ғылымда бар жұмыстар талқыланады. Өйткені берілген категориялар ғылымда толықтай зерттелмеген және зерттелуі тиіс көптеген өзекті мәселелері жетерлік. Берілген мақалада рухани дүниетаным және руханилықтың, оның педагогикадағы және психологиядағы негізгі түсініктеріне ерекше назар аударылады. Мақалада берілген категорияларды теориялық түсінудің өзектілігі мен маңыздылығы дәйектеледі. Рухани дүниетаным мен руханилықтың қалыптасуы мен сақтаудағы кейбір теориялық мәселелері ұсынылған.

scholarly journals Assessment of management efficiency of city managers (based on focused interviews with entrepreneurs)

2021 ◽  
pp. 119-124
Author(s):  
A.B. Ponamarev
Keyword(s):  
Social Practice ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Research Problem ◽  
Business Community ◽  
City Managers ◽  
Theoretical Terms ◽  
Effective Work ◽  
Institutional Instability ◽  
Business Confidence

The topic of the research is relevant to modern sociological science and social practice. The research problem lies, on the one hand, in the importance of the development of the municipality through contracts for municipal-private cooperation, and on the other hand, in the absence of a comprehensive scientific understanding of the barriers to the implementation of this process. The aim of the research is to assess the effectiveness of the management practices of city managers, in particular, their potential to attract private capital to the municipality. The methodological basis of the research in general theoretical terms is based on the new theory of institutions, in particular, on the concept of institutional evolution by D. North, and in the specific applied - focused interviews conducted with representatives of the business community and local administration in the Southern Federal District. As a result of the research, the following obstacles to the effective work of city managers have been identified: imitation practices, low qualifications of municipal employees, reduced trust of entrepreneurs, high economic risks and institutional instability. To overcome the above problems, the following recommendations have been made: to solve the problems of joining the law on PPP and MPP with anti-corruption legislation, to create a body to support MPP projects and increase business confidence in the municipality by setting clear «rules of the game» in the economic space.

From discursive event to discourse événement: A case study of political–religious discourse in Argentina

2011 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 677-692 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Eduardo Bonnin
Keyword(s):  
Mass Media ◽  
Social Practice ◽  
Political Discourse ◽  
Social Practices ◽  
Religious Discourse ◽  
Theoretical Point ◽  
Political Field ◽  
Strategic Goals ◽  
The Government

This article analyses the interplay between religious and political discourse in Argentina, departing from a case study located in the transition towards democracy in April 1987, and conveying military, political and religious discourse within the conflicts that surrounded the government of President Raúl R. Alfonsín (1983–9). It involved a well-established discourse genre, the homily, within an historical social practice, the Catholic mass; but it also included the violation of one of its main features, namely the monopoly of talk by priests. By challenging the bishop’s monologue, questioned by the homily, President Alfonsín settled a different ground, neither religious nor political, an événement that required urgent recontextualization. The mass media, as privileged agents representing contemporary social practices, recontextualized it through the multimodal attribution of genericity (Adam and Heidmann, 2004) in two main different ways, ascribing the event to either a religious or political field. In both cases, as we will see later, the actions and actors involved were consistently opposite, responding to different ideological motivations and with different strategic goals. The underlying theoretical point is that genres are not fixed in events, but rather represent ways of dealing with the exceptionality of événements that bring out ideological or political tensions.

From Virtual Organization to E-Business

2011 ◽  
pp. 163-175
Author(s):  
James J. Lee ◽  
Bandula Jayatilaka ◽  
Ben B. Kim ◽  
Ted E. Lee ◽  
Pairin Katerattanakul ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grounded Theory ◽  
Social Structure ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Power Distribution ◽  
Virtual Organization ◽  
Structuration Theory ◽  
Business Organizations ◽  
The Social ◽  
Metaphorical Analysis ◽  
Analytical Power

This article shows how the technical hype of 1990s has been transformed into the e-business organizations at the beginning of the 21st century. The authors took an interpretive stance in this study, grounded theory, and investigated the ontology of virtual organization by the metaphorical analysis. The metaphorical analysis adopted in this study provides the analytical power to conceptualize the social structure of virtual organization in the context of structuration theory with the process of grounded theory. As the e-business structuration indicates in this study, virtualization, the metaphor of virtual organization is interpreted as flexible domination, where the rational relationships in power distribution with other e-business characterized temporal (virtual) bond with low switching costs.

Holism and individualism in history and social science

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajeev Bhargava
Keyword(s):  
Social Context ◽  
Social Science ◽  
Social Practice ◽  
Human Action ◽  
Social Practices ◽  
Social Phenomena ◽  
Psychological States ◽  
Moral Principles ◽  
Social Facts ◽  
Individual Actions

Methodological individualists such as Mill, Weber, Schumpeter, Popper, Hayek and Elster argue that all social facts must be explained wholly and exhaustively in terms of the actions, beliefs and desires of individuals. On the other hand, methodological holists, such as Durkheim and Marx, tend in their explanations to bypass individual action. Within this debate, better arguments exist for the view that explanations of social phenomena without the beliefs and desires of agents are deficient. If this is so, individualists appear to have a distinct edge over their adversaries. Indeed, a consensus exists among philosophers and social scientists that holism is implausible or false and individualism, when carefully formulated, is trivially true. Holists challenge this consensus by first arguing that caricatured formulations of holism that ignore human action must be set aside. They then ask us to re-examine the nature of human action. Action is distinguished from mere behaviour by its intentional character. This much is uncontested between individualists and holists. But against the individualist contention that intentions exist as only psychological states in the heads of individuals, the holist argues that they also lie directly embedded in irreducible social practices, and that the identification of any intention is impossible without examining the social context within which agents think and act. Holists find nothing wrong with the need to unravel the motivations of individuals, but they contend that these motivations cannot be individuated without appeal to the wider beliefs and practices of the community. For instance, the acquiescence of oppressed workers may take the form not of total submission but subtle negotiation that yields them sub-optimal benefits. Insensitivity to social context may blind us to this. Besides, it is not a matter of individual beliefs and preferences that this strategy is adopted. That decisions are taken by subtle strategies of negotiation rather than by explicit bargaining, deployment of force or use of high moral principles is a matter of social practice irreducible to the conscious action of individuals. Two conclusions follow if the holist claim is true. First, that a reference to a social entity is inescapable even when social facts are explained in terms of individual actions, because of the necessary presence of a social ingredient in all individual intentions and actions. Second, a reference to individual actions is not even necessary when social facts are explained or understood in terms of social practices. Thus, the individualist view that explanation in social science must rely wholly and exhaustively on individual entities is hotly contested and is not as uncontroversial or trivial as it appears.

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