scholarly journals Deteksi Karakteristik Peluruhan Radionuklida Medis 99Mo Untuk Memperoleh 99mTc Menggunakan Spektrometer Gamma dengan Sumber Standar Cair Campuran 133Ba dan 152Eu

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 96
Author(s):  
Mawar - Mawar ◽  
Sri Dewi Astuti ◽  
Siska Febriana
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Medicine ◽  
Half Life ◽  
Liquid Mixture ◽  
Product Formation ◽  
Optimal Time ◽  
Bone Scanning ◽  
Radioisotope Production ◽  
Technetium 99M ◽  
The Third ◽  
99Mtc Generator

Technetium-99m (99mTc) is a subsidiary of metastable 99Mo with a half-life of 6 hours. The relatively short half-life, causing 99mTc widely used for diagnostic purposes in nuclear medicine, especially in bone scanning for a faster decay. This research aims to determine the optimal time to product formation of 99mTc until elution profiles have detected 99Mo energy. The instrument used is the 99Mo/99mTc generator with standard sources 133Ba and 152Eu liquid mixture. The results obtained showed that 99mTc radioisotope production is still good until the third day elution 99Mo, whereas in the fourth to ninth day 99Mo energy detected on the decline, so that the activity of the 99mTc resulting product cannot be used for diagnosis.

Excretion of Technetium in Human Milk

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1983 ◽  
Vol 71 (5) ◽  
pp. 841-842
Author(s):  
M. JEFFREY MAISELS ◽  
RONALD O. GILCHER
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Medicine ◽  
Breast Milk ◽  
Human Milk ◽  
Breast Feeding ◽  
Half Life ◽  
Milk Protein ◽  
Radioactive Material ◽  
Nursing Mother ◽  
Technetium 99M

The radioisotope technetium-99m(99mTc) is widely used in nuclear medicine for a variety of scanning procedures. On occasion, it may be necessary to perform such studies on a nursing mother, and it is important to know what dose of radioactive material a nursing infant might receive and how soon after the isotope administration the mother may resume breast-feeding. Technetium is one of the halide elements and is handled, biologically, much like iodine.1 Like iodide,2,3 the pertechnetate ion (99mTcO4-) is concentrated in the thyroid gland1,4 and stomach5,6 and in the breast milk of nursing mothers4-6 and women with the amenorrhea-galactorrhea syndrome.7 In this report we present studies on 99mTcO4- in breast milk, including its binding to milk protein, biologic half-life, and calculations of radioactivity that might be ingested by a nursing infant.

scholarly journals Overall External Surface Dose Rate Measurement of 131I Package and 99mTc Generator at the National Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-14
Author(s):  
Ferdoushi Begum ◽  
Kamila A Quadir ◽  
Md Nahid Hossain ◽  
Md Anwar Ul Azim ◽  
Layla Saroware Banu
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Medicine ◽  
Dose Rate ◽  
External Surface ◽  
Radiation Hazard ◽  
Surface Dose ◽  
Rate Measurement ◽  
Radioisotope Production ◽  
Dose Rates ◽  
Rate Limit ◽  
99Mtc Generator

Measuring the external surface dose rate of the radioisotope I-131in order to reduce the radiation hazard during the transportation of this is to perform at National Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences (NINMAS) to the hospitals and clinics is a very basic but important requirement. Measured the external surface dose rate of I-131 after receiving the isotope send to NINMAS in shielded packages by Monrol N.P. Company, Turkey and Radioisotope Production Division (RIPD). The authors also measured the external surface dose rate of Tc-99m generator supplied by RIPD, AERE, Saver, Dhaka, Bangladesh, to check whether the radioisotopes package shielding are within the dose rate limit. From this study, the dose rate was found relatively higher for I-131 transportation by the smaller vehicle than large vehicle, although dose rate in both categories of vehicles are within the permissible limit. The external surface dose rates for Tc-99m generator were also found to be within the permissible limit.Bangladesh J. Nuclear Med. 19(1): 9-14, January 2016

Investigations on skeletal growth zones via bone scans as base of determination of optimal time for surgery in mandibular asymmetry

2000 ◽  
Vol 39 (05) ◽  
pp. 121-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Werz ◽  
P. Reuland
Keyword(s):  
Bone Growth ◽  
Region Of Interest ◽  
Tracer Uptake ◽  
Optimal Time ◽  
Mandibular Bone ◽  
The Third ◽  
Mandibular Asymmetry ◽  
Bone Scans ◽  
Epiphyseal Plates

Summary Aim of the study was to find out wether there is a common stop of growth of mandibular bone, so that no individual determination of the optimal time for surgery in patients with asymmetric mandibular bone growth is needed. As there are no epiphyseal plates in the mandibular bone, stop of growth cannot be determined on X-ray films. Methods: Bone scans of 731 patients [687 patients (324 male, 363 female) under 39 y for exact determination of end of growth and 44 (21 male, 23 female) patients over 40 y for evaluation of nongrowth dependant differences in tracer uptake] were reviewed for the study. All the patients were examined 3 hours after injection of 99mTc-DPD. Tracer uptake was measured by region of interest technique in different points of the mandibular bone and in several epiphyseal plates of extremities. Results: Tracer uptake in different epiphyseal plates of the extremities shows strong variation with age and good correlation with reported data of bone growth and closure of the epiphyseal plates. The relative maximum of bone activity is smaller in mandibular bone than in epiphyseal plates, which show well defined peaks, ending at 15-18 years in females and at 18-21 years in males. In contrast, mandibular bone shows no well defined end of growing but a gradually reduction of bone activity which remains higher than bone activity in epiphyseal plates over several years. Conclusion: No well defined end of growth of mandibular bone exists. The optimal age for surgery of asymmetric mandibular bone growth is not before the middle of the third decade of life, bone scans performed earlier for determination of bone growth can be omitted. Bone scans performed at the middle of the third decade of life help to optimize the time of surgical intervention.

scholarly journals Applications of Radiolabelled Curcumin and Its Derivatives in Medicinal Chemistry

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (14) ◽  
pp. 7410
Author(s):  
Matteo Mari ◽  
Debora Carrozza ◽  
Erika Ferrari ◽  
Mattia Asti
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Medicine ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Clinical Application ◽  
Medicinal Chemistry ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Present Review ◽  
Chemical Modifications ◽  
Technetium 99M ◽  
Curcumin Derivatives ◽  
Gallium 68

Curcumin is a natural occurring molecule that has aroused much interest among researchers over the years due to its pleiotropic set of biological properties. In the nuclear medicine field, radiolabelled curcumin and curcumin derivatives have been studied as potential radiotracers for the early diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease and cancer. In the present review, the synthetic pathways, labelling methods and the preclinical investigations involving these radioactive compounds are treated. The studies entailed chemical modifications for enhancing curcumin stability, as well as its functionalisation for the labelling with several radiohalogens or metal radionuclides (fluorine-18, technetium-99m, gallium-68, etc.). Although some drawbacks have yet to be addressed, and none of the radiolabelled curcuminoids have so far achieved clinical application, the studies performed hitherto provide useful insights and lay the foundation for further developments.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the effect of an extract of sabugueiro (Sambucus australis) on the labeling of blood constituents with technetium-99m

2007 ◽  
Vol 50 (spe) ◽  
pp. 161-166
Author(s):  
Camila Godinho Ribeiro ◽  
Bernardo Machado Rebello ◽  
Rosane de Figueiredo Neves ◽  
Sebastião David Santos-Filho ◽  
Adenilson de Souza da Fonseca ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Medicine ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Trichloroacetic Acid ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Chemical Substances ◽  
Blood Constituents ◽  
Technetium 99M

Sambucus australis (sabugueiro) has been used to treat inflammatory and rheumatologic disorders. Blood constituents labeled with technetium-99m (99mTc) have been used in nuclear medicine to obtain diagnostic images. The aim of this work was to evaluate the effect of a sabugueiro extract on the labeling of blood cells with 99mTc. Blood samples from Wistar rats were incubated with sabugueiro extract and the radiolabeling assay of blood constituents was carried out. After centrifugation, samples of plasma and blood cells were separated. Aliquots of plasma and blood cells were precipitated with trichloroacetic acid and centrifuged to isolate soluble and insoluble fractions. The radioactivity in each fraction was counted and the percentage of activity (%ATI) was determined. Incubation with sabugueiro extract altered significantly (p<0.05) the %ATI incorporated to the blood constituents. These results could be explained due the presence of chemical substances in the sabugueiro extract that present redox and/or chelating action altering the labeling of the blood constituents with 99mTc.

Chelators and metal complex stability for radiopharmaceutical applications

2019 ◽  
Vol 107 (9-11) ◽  
pp. 1087-1120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nkemakonam C. Okoye ◽  
Jakob E. Baumeister ◽  
Firouzeh Najafi Khosroshahi ◽  
Heather M. Hennkens ◽  
Silvia S. Jurisson
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Medicine ◽  
Metal Complex ◽  
Complex Stability ◽  
Critical Aspect ◽  
Technetium 99M ◽  
Diagnostic Nuclear Medicine ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Therapeutic Nuclear Medicine

Abstract Diagnostic and therapeutic nuclear medicine relies heavily on radiometal nuclides. The most widely used and well-known radionuclide is technetium-99m (99mTc), which has dominated diagnostic nuclear medicine since the advent of the 99Mo/99mTc generator in the 1960s. Since that time, many more radiometals have been developed and incorporated into potential radiopharmaceuticals. One critical aspect of radiometal-containing radiopharmaceuticals is their stability under in vivo conditions. The chelator that is coordinated to the radiometal is a key factor in determining radiometal complex stability. The chelators that have shown the most promise and are under investigation in the development of diagnostic and therapeutic radiopharmaceuticals over the last 5 years are discussed in this review.

scholarly journals Second Wave of COVID-19 Pandemic in Malaysia and the Impact on Nuclear Cardiology Services: An Institutional Experience

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 25
Author(s):  
Ahmad Zaid Zanial ◽  
Syifaa Aminudin ◽  
FatinHayani Mohamad Najib ◽  
Siti Zarina Amir Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Medicine ◽  
Infection Control ◽  
Nuclear Cardiology ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Main Difficulty ◽  
Technetium 99M ◽  
Institutional Experience ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Second Wave

Introduction: Nuclear cardiology applying radioactive tracer and hybrid imaging techniques are able to provide information needed to detect and evaluate ischaemic heart diseases. In our centre, nuclear cardiology services involving stress and rest myocardial perfusion scans and viability studies contribute about 40% of overall scan workload. The second wave of COVID- 19 pandemic in Malaysia announced by the end of February 2020 has affected nuclear cardiology services.Objectives: Our aims were to determine the impact of COVID-19 pandemic second wave on the nuclear cardiology imaging studies performed as well as to ascertain crucial institutional experience especially unavoidable problem and adjustment during the period.Methods: A review of Technetium-99m tetrofosmin radiopharmaceutical dispensing data and scan records for 1st February to 31st August 2019 and 2020 was conducted at Nuclear Medicine Department, Hospital Kuala Lumpur. Figures were compiled and statistical analysis done. Survey and focus discussion conducted involving nuclear medicine physicians, pharmacists and physic officers to identify the main difficulty faced and most important Job-adapting measure taken.Results: A total of 1109 cardiac radiopharmaceutical doses dispensed during the studied period but were less when compared to 1342 doses dispensed last year. Significant reduction was noted in April and May 2020 with only 69 and 67 cases respectively in comparison with monthly average of 192 cases in 2019. Although some scan appointments were postponed to avoid the usual waiting area congestions, the main difficulty faced was Technetium-99m generator supply disruption with limited production in Europe and international transportation restriction. Implementing infection control standard operating procedure (SOP) instructions as part of routine work practice with emphasis of time, distance and shielding concept was the most important Job-adapting measure.Conclusion: Nuclear cardiology services were affected by the second wave of COVID-19 pandemic locally. Main problem ascertained was disruption of radioactive supply. Most important adjustment was infection control SOP implementation.International Journal of Human and Health Sciences Supplementary Issue: 2021 Page: S25

Laboratory and field studies on the degradation of fipronil in a soil

Soil Research ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 40 (7) ◽  
pp. 1095 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guang-Guo Ying ◽  
Rai Kookana
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Half Life ◽  
Soil Moisture Content ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Transformation Product ◽  
Laboratory Studies ◽  
The Third ◽  
High Soil Moisture ◽  
Sulfone Derivatives

Degradation of a new insecticide/termiticide, fipronil, in a soil was studied in the laboratory and field. Three metabolites of fipronil (desulfinyl, sulfide, and sulfone derivatives) were identified from soils after treatment. Laboratory studies showed that soil moisture content had a great effect on the degradation rate of fipronil and products formed. High soil moisture contents (>50%) favored the formation of a sulfide derivative of fipronil by reduction, whereas low soil moisture (<50%) and well-aerated conditions favored the formation of fipronil sulfone by oxidation. Microorganisms in soil accelerated the degradation of fipronil to sulfide and sulfone derivatives. The third transformation product, a desulfinyl derivative, was formed by photodecomposition of fipronil in water and on the soil surface under sunlight. The desulfinyl derivative degraded rapidly in field soils with a half-life of 41–55 days compared with an average half-life of 132 days for fipronil. The half-life of the 'total toxic component' (fipronil and its metabolites) in field soil was 188 days on average.

THE TAKIZAWA PIXE FACILITY COMBINED WITH A BABY CYCLOTRON FOR POSITRON NUCLEAR MEDICINE

1992 ◽  
Vol 02 (01) ◽  
pp. 47-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. SERA ◽  
T. YANAGISAWA ◽  
H. TSUNODA ◽  
S. FUTATSUGAWA ◽  
S. HATAKEYAMA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Medicine ◽  
Radiation Shielding ◽  
Radioisotope Production ◽  
Pixe Analysis ◽  
Technical Problems ◽  
Proton Beams ◽  
Mev Protons

A new PIXE facility combined with a small cyclotron (alias Baby Cyclotron) established exclusively for medical use is described. Sufficient amount of 2.9-MeV protons can be extracted from the cyclotron by accelerating H2+-ions with acceleration parameters for 8.3-MeV deuterons. Some technical problems for applying the cyclotron to PIXE analysis, such as elimination of deuteron contamination from proton beams and radiation shielding of the PIXE room during radioisotope production in the cyclotron vault, are reported.

scholarly journals Treatment of Joint-Bleedings in Hemophiliacs with Antibodies to Factor VIII with High doses of Fraction Feiba.

1977 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kl. Schimpf ◽  
K. Zimmermann ◽  
P. Zeltsch
Keyword(s):  
Knee Joint ◽  
Factor Viii ◽  
Half Life ◽  
Clinical Effect ◽  
Single Injection ◽  
Life Time ◽  
Joint Effusion ◽  
The Third ◽  
Inhibitor Level ◽  
High Doses

Observations in 3 patients demonstrated, that joint-bleedings can be controlled with high doses of fraction FEIBA alone or in combination with factor (f) VIII on out-patient basis. First patient, inhibitor 5-10 units (u) per ml, suffered from 24 joint-bleedings within 392 days. 2o of them could be stopped by a single injection of 150-200 u of fraction FEIBA per kg bodyweight (bw). A combination of 90 u of FEIBA and 36 u of f VIII per kg bw had the same effect. But after 5 injections of this combination within 6 weeks, the inhibitor level had risen from 10 to 240 u per ml. During further treatment with 180 u of fraction FEIBA without addition of f VIII, the inhibitor fell down with a half life time of 50 days. The clinical effect of fraction FEIBA was not influenced by the elevated antibody level. Two further patients, inhibitors 2-4 and 32 u respectively, obtained combined injections of 50-100 u of FEIBA plus 36-42 u of f VIII. One patient was on a prophylaxis of 3 injections weekly for 193 days. After 57 injections the inhibitor had fallen from 2-4 u to unmeasurable values. The third patient obtained the above mentioned dosis twice a day for treatment of a knee joint effusion. After 1 week the inhibitor was diminished from 32 to 13 u.

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