scholarly journals Rancang Bangun Sistem Pengolah Air Bersih Standar WHO dan Kemenkes Bagi Warga Dusun Sinan - Desa Gawerejo - Kecamatan Karangbinangun - Kabupaten Lamongan Jawa Timur

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 167
Author(s):  
Purwadi Agus Darwito ◽  
Halimatus Sa’diyah ◽  
Murry Raditya
Keyword(s):  
Ph Value ◽  
Pond Water ◽  
Clean Water ◽  
Filtration Process ◽  
Process Testing ◽  
The People ◽  
Filtration System ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Filtration Stage ◽  
Maintenance Process

Sinan Village is located in Karangbinangun Subdistrict, Lamongan city, which is experiencing a shortage of clean water. The main source of water for the people in that village is originated from river water of Bengawan Solo branches which is mixed with pond water and is collected in a pond. The results of the pH, turbidity and TDS tests that have been carried out show that the Bengawan Solo water does not meet WHO's clean water standards and the standard from Ministry of Health. In this study, the design of the river and pond water filtration control system in the reservoir was carried out. The designed filtration system consists of the deposition stage and filtering stage. Deposition stage is carried out by using alum as a purifying medium and aims to simplify the screening phase. While the screening stage is carried out using stone, sand, charcoal and palm fiber which aims to increase the pH value and reduce the value of turbidity and TDS. The system is designed in a modular manner between each filtration stage to fascillitate the maintenance process of the system and flushing the remaining deposits produced by the filtration process. Testing result of this system is done by varying the variables of volume and height of sand used and it is known that the difference in sand volume used has a significant effect on the levels of TDS, Turbidity, and pH of the resulting clean water.

scholarly journals PEMETAAN TINGKAT PENCEMARAN AIR SUNGAI SIAK SEBELUM DAN SESUDAH MELALUI SISTEM FILTRASI DENGAN 2 KALI PENYARINGAN BERDASARKAN PARAMETER FISIS

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-20
Author(s):  
M. YANUAR PRASETYO ◽  
Riad Syech ◽  
Usman Malik
Keyword(s):  
River Water ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Filtration Process ◽  
Filtration System ◽  
Measurement Results ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Slow Sand Filter ◽  
Sample Points ◽  
Area North

Abstrak Telah dilakukan pemetaan tingkat pencemaran air sungai siak sebelum dan sesudah melalui sistem filtrasi dengan 2 kali penyaringan berdasarkan parameter fisis. Pemetaan dilakukan berdasarkan nilai Konduktivitas, TDS, dan nilai pH dari sampel air yang diambil dibadan air sungai siak, baik sebelum dan setelah proses filtrasi menggunakan saringan pasir lambat yang dibuat dengan bahan utama pasir kuarsa, batu zeolit, batu bioring, arang, busa penyaring dan kerikil. Pengambilan sampel air dilakukan di atas permukaan air Sungai Siak pada 2 sisi sungai yaitu daerah sebelah Utara Sungai Siak di Kecamatan Rumbai Pesisir diambil sebanyak 15 titik sampel, dan sebelah Selatan Sungai Siak di Kecamatan Senapelan diambil sebanyak 15 titik sampel. Pengukuran dilakukan menggunakan konduktiviti meter, dan pH meter, sementara nilai TDS diperoleh melalui perhitungan menggunakan nilai konduktivitas. Hasil pengukuran 30 titik sampel sebelum proses filtrasi menunjukkan daerah B dengan nilai konduktivitas rata-rata 41,3µS/cm, dan nilai TDS rata-rata 26,45mg/L memiliki nilai yang lebih rendah dari daerah A yang memiliki nilai konduktivitas rata-rata 63,93µS/cm dan nilai TDS rata-rata 40,9mg/L. Setelah proses filtrasi dilakukan nilai konduktivitas rata-rata sampel daerah A naik menjadi 204,7µS/cm dan daerah B naik menjadi 156,3µS/cm, kenaikan yang sama terjadi untuk parameter TDS, dan pH. Peningkatan nilai konduktivitas, TDS, dan pH masih berada dibawah ambang batas sehingga sistem filtrasi dengan 2 kali penyaringan berhasil mengubah air Sungai Siak menjadi air bersih.  Abstract Mapping of the level of pollution of Siak river has been carried out before and after through the filtration system with 2 times of filtering based on physical parameters. Mapping is done based on the conductivity value, TDS, and pH value of water samples taken in the Siak river water, both before and after the filtration process using a slow sand filter made with the main ingredients of quartz sand, zeolite stones, bioring stones, charcoal, filter foam and gravel. Water sampling was carried out on the surface of the Siak River on 2 sides of the river: the area north of the Siak River in Rumbai Pesisir District was taken as many as 15 sample points, and south of the Siak River in Senapelan District was taken as many as 15 sample points. Measurements were made using conductivity meters and pH meters, while TDS values were obtained through calculations using conductivity values. The measurement results of 30 sample points before the filtration process showed area B with an average conductivity value of 41.3 µS / cm, and an average TDS value of 26.45 mg / L had a lower value than region A which had an average conductivity value of 63 , 93µS / cm and an average TDS value of 40.9 mg / L. After the filtration process the average conductivity value of the sample area A increased to 204.7 µS / cm and area B increased to 156.3 µS / cm, the same increase occurred for the TDS parameters, and pH. Increasing the conductivity, TDS, and pH values are still below the threshold so that the filtration system with 2 times of filtering succeeded in changing the Siak River water into clean water.

scholarly journals PERBANDINGAN KARAKTERISTIK POLA PENYEDIA INFRASTRUKTUR PERMUKIMAN PADAT TINGGI DAN RENDAH KASUS DI DANUKUSUMAN DAN MOJOSONGO KOTA SURAKARTA

Arsitektura ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wahyu Putri N.I.S ◽  
Kuswanto Nurhadi ◽  
Isti Andini
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Final Analysis ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Clean Water ◽  
The People ◽  
Infrastructure Provision ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Wastewater Infrastructure ◽  
The Difference

<p><em>Surakarta has five subdistrict. Subdistrict with the highest density is Serengan and subdistrict with the lowest density is Jebres. In Serengan, Danukusuman is the crowded, whereas in Jebres, Mojosongo is the lowest density. </em><em>Density</em><em> differences problem can result in differences in the activity of the people who live. Then can affect the differences in infrastructure needs and patterns of settlement there is the provision of infrastructure (actor variations and details of cooperation)</em><em>. So, this study done to know the characteristic comparison of high and low density settlements infrastructure provision pattern in Danukusuman and Mojosongo. To gain it, </em><em>carried out</em><em> was used a comparative analysis of settlement characteristics both in terms of physical, economic and socio-cultural.</em><em> </em><em>further analysis</em><em> is to compare the characteristics of the infrastructure available with the applicable standards (SNI). then, final analysis is to determine and compare the pattern of provision of infrastructure and settlements in Danukusuman and Mojosongo</em><em>. </em><em>the results of</em><em> the analysis is known that that there was no significant difference between high dense settlements (Danukusuman) and low dense settlements (Mojosongo) both from the aspect of the character of the location, infrastructure preparation and provision pattern. Only difference is quite prominent at the level of the economy and the provision of communal wastewater infrastructure that influenced by the density of settlement, while the difference in the provision of clean water is more influenced by the character of the location / the physical settlement</em><em>.</em><em></em></p><p><em> </em></p><p><strong><em>Keywords:</em></strong><em> high and low density, </em><em>pattern</em><em> </em><em>of provision of infrastructure</em><em> </em><em>settlement infrastructure, </em></p>

scholarly journals INDICATIONS FOR THE PROGRAMMED REMEDIAL RELAPAROTOMIES IN DIFFUSE PERITONITIS

2019 ◽  
Vol 178 (5) ◽  
pp. 89-94
Author(s):  
A. N. Vachev ◽  
V. K. Koryttsev ◽  
V. Yu. Sherbatenko ◽  
S. S. Skupchenko ◽  
A. M. Krasnoslobodtsev
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Modern Medicine ◽  
Peritoneal Exudate ◽  
Diffuse Peritonitis ◽  
Results Of Treatment ◽  
The People ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
The Difference

INTRODUCTION. Diffuse peritonitis remains a topical problem of modern medicine and is still associated with high mortality. The OBJECTIVE of this work was to develop an objective and easy-to-perform method for determining the indications for programmed relaparotomy in patients with diffuse peritonitis on the basis of determining the aggressiveness of its course.MATERIAL AND METHODS. The work was based on the results of treatment of 100 patients with diffuse peritonitis. Depending on the pH of the exudate of the peritoneal cavity, the patients were divided into 2 groups. The first group consisted of patients with pH value of peritoneal exudate more than 6.2 (75 patients), and the second group consisted of patients with pH value of peritoneal exudate 6.2 and less (25 patients).RESULTS. As a result of the treatment in group I, the mortality rate was 12.0 %. In group II, the mortality rate was 56.0 %. The difference was statistically significant (p<0.001). In group I, 4 patients underwent relaparotomy (5.3 %), and in group II, 17 patients underwent relaparotomy (68.0 %). The difference was statistically significant (p<0.001).CONCLUSION. We concluded that at pH value of exudate 6.2 or less and the absence of obvious clinical improvement, the patient had been showed to performance the programmed remedial relaparotomy no later than 48 hours from the first operation.The authors declare no conflict of interest.The authors confirm that they respect the rights of the people participated in the study, including obtaining informed consent when it is necessary, and the rules of treatment of animals when they are used in the study. Author Guidelines contains the detailed information.

scholarly journals Smart Aquarium Kit

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amel Yousif Ali Mohammed ◽  
Vrajesh dinesh Maheta
Keyword(s):  
Water Filtration ◽  
Clean Water ◽  
Water Pump ◽  
Electronic Components ◽  
Smart System ◽  
Humidity Level ◽  
The People ◽  
Filtration System ◽  
Ph Level ◽  
Fish Tank

The project is designed to build an automatic aquarium kit. The aquarium kit consists of electronic components that control the fish-tank environment by maintaining the parameters such as temperature and PH. The project is very useful for the people who like decorating their houses with an aquarium. Therefore, here the project presents how this smart system works. The smart system has three main functions; food supplying, water filtration, and maintaining system). The food supplier system provides food for the fishes in the aquarium kit automatically. Therefore no effort is required from the user to feed the fishes. The filtration system provides clean water in the aquarium kit. In case if the water gets dirty in the aquarium, then the user will be allowed to enter the system to activate water pump by using manual switch. There is a system in the aquarium kit project to maintain the pH level, humidity level and temperature. The temperature is maintained between 20 and 35 degrees Celsius by the water pump. The water pump recycles the water to cool down the temperature in the system. However if the humidity goes above 20% then the system will run the fan to blow the air in the aquarium in order to reduce the humidity below 20%. In case if the PH level goes above 7 alarm will be activated to alert the user to read the PH level.

DAMPAK PENGELOLAAN SAMPAH PADA KESEHATAN MASYARAKAT DI TPA

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Emilda Emilda
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Hand Hygiene ◽  
Waste Management ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Water Storage ◽  
Health Impact ◽  
Clean Water ◽  
The People ◽  
Clean Environment ◽  
The Impact

The limitations of waste management in the Cipayung Landfill (TPA) causing a buildup of garbage up to more than 30 meters. This condition has a health impact on people in Cipayung Village. This study aims to analyze the impact of waste management at Cipayung Landfill on public health in Cipayung Village, Depok City. The research is descriptive qualitative. Data obtained by purposive sampling. Data was collected by interviews, observation and documentation. Based on interviews with 30 respondents, it was found that the most common diseases were diarrhea, then other types of stomach ailments, subsequent itching on the skin and coughing. This is presumably because the environmental conditions in the form of unhealthy air and water and clean and healthy living behaviors (PHBS) have not become the habit of the people. The results indicated that there were no respondents who had implemented all of these criteria. In general respondents have implemented  3 criteria, namely maintaining hair hygiene, maintaining skin cleanliness, and maintaining hand hygiene. While maintaining clean water storage is the most often overlooked behavior. To minimize this health impact, improvements in waste management in Cipayung landfill are needed along with continuous socialization and education to develop PHBS habits and the importance of maintaining a clean environment.

ЕКАТЕРИНА ВЕЛИКАЯ И ДИАЛЕКТИКА ПРОСВЕЩЕННОЙ МОНАРХИИ

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 39
Author(s):  
С. И. Дудник ◽  
И. Д. Осипов
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Policy ◽  
Separation Of Powers ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Human Sciences ◽  
The Rule Of Law ◽  
Political Ideas ◽  
The People ◽  
Specific Interpretation ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Conservative Values

The article discusses the problems of evolution and the formation of the ideology of an enlightened monarchy in Russia. In this regard, the philosophical and political ideas of Catherine the Great, as well as their theoretical and ideological premises, are analyzed. It is noted that the philosophy of education in Russia was closely connected with the concepts of Voltaire, Didro, Montesquieu, Beccaria, Bentham, their views on natural law and human freedom, humanism and the rule of law. These concepts in the philosophy of Catherine received a specific interpretation, due to the sociocultural conditions of Russia. This was manifested in the famous work of Catherine the Great “The Nakaz”, which recognized Montesquieu's argument in favor of the autocracy, but at the same time, his point of view on the separation of powers was rejected. The specificity of the doctrine of enlightened monarchy lies in the combination of liberal and conservative values, which form eclectic forms. This was the dialectic of the supreme power, the difference between the enlightened monarchy and the ideology of absolutism. The article also notes that education in Russia is associated with fundamental socio-political reforms, processes of secularization of culture. At this time, the natural and human sciences are developing. The changes positively influenced the development of medicine, beautification of towns and public education. Also considered are the views on the autocracy of the opposition nobility intelligentsia: A. N. Radishchev and noted that his criticism of the autocracy was determined by an alternative cultural policy, proceeding from the protection of the interests of the people. The doctrine of enlightened monarchy is characterized by internal worldview inconsistency and political inconsistency, which did not allow solving the pressing social problems of the establishment of legal state, democratization of society and the abolition of serfdom.

scholarly journals Effects of the Filtration on the Biotic Fraction of Extra Virgin Olive Oil

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1677
Author(s):  
Biagi Angelo Zullo ◽  
Giulia Venditti ◽  
Gino Ciafardini
Keyword(s):  
Olive Oil ◽  
Virgin Olive Oil ◽  
Extra Virgin Olive Oil ◽  
Filter Press ◽  
Filtration Process ◽  
Virgin Olive Oils ◽  
Olive Oils ◽  
Filtration System ◽  
Cellulose Filter ◽  
Initial Contamination

Filtration is a widely used process in the production of extra virgin olive oil. We studied the influence of filtration performed with cotton filters and cellulose filter press on the biotic components of the oily mass containing probiotic traits in two freshly produced monocultivar extra virgin olive oils. The concentration of bacteria was reduced from 100% to 28%, while that of fungi was reduced from 100% to 44% after filtration, according to the filtration system and the initial contamination of the original monocultivar extra virgin olive oil. Compared with the control, the yeast content in the oil samples filtered with cotton filters was reduced from 37% to 11% depending on the cultivar. In the oil filtered with cellulose filter press, the yeast content reduced from 42% to 16%. The viable yeast that passed through the oily mass during the filtration process with cellulose filter press, unlike all the other samples, were unable to survive in the oil after a month of storage. The possible health benefits of compounds from both the biotic and abiotic fraction of the oil, compared to the control, were significantly low when filtered with the cellulose filter press.

scholarly journals Influence of Apical Patency and Cleaning of the Apical Foramen on Periapical Extrusion in Retreatment

2013 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 482-486 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marili Doro Andrade Deonizio ◽  
Gilson Blitzkow Sydney ◽  
Antonio Batista ◽  
Roberto Pontarolo ◽  
Paulo Ricardo Bittencourt Guimarães ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Material Removal ◽  
Filling Material ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Filtration System ◽  
Root Canal Retreatment ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Removal Technique

This study evaluated the influence of apical patency, root filling removal technique and cleaning of the apical foramen, concerning the amount of debris extruded during root canal retreatment. Forty mandibular incisors were randomly assigned to 4 groups - GIM (n=10), GIIM (n=10), GIPT (n=10) and GIIPT (n=10), which were named according to leaving (I) or not (II) apical patency during canal preparation and filling removal technique (manual - M or ProTaper system - PT). After filling material removal, each specimen of each group had the apical foramen cleaned by sizes 15, 20 and 25 instruments, generating 12 subgroups: GIM15, GIM20, GIM25, GIIM15, GIIM20, GIIM25, GIPT15, GIPT20, GIPT25, GIIPT15, GIIPT20 and GIIPT25. Extruded filling debris was collected by a Milipore filtration system, an HV-durapore, 0.45 µm pore filter with a 25 mm diameter. The filters were weighed before and after the collection on an analytical scale (10–5 g), and the difference was calculated. The mean weight of extruded filling debris was analyzed statistically by Kruskal-Wallis and Friedman ANOVA tests (α=0.05). The mean values found in the groups (in mg) were: GIM (0.95±0.94), GIIM (0.47±0.62), GIPT (0.30±0.31) and GIIPT (0.32±0.44). There was no statistically significant difference among any of the groups or subgroups (p>0.05). ProTaper provided the smallest amount of extruded filling material, regardless of presence or absence of apical patency, followed by manual technique, without and with apical patency. Additional amounts of debris were collected during cleaning of the apical foramen, regardless of the instrument, presence/absence of patency or root filling removal technique.

A "ingovernabilidade" do Rio de Janeiro: algumas páginas sobre conceitos, fatos e preconceitos

1997 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
pp. 39-53
Author(s):  
Marcelo Lopes de Souza
Keyword(s):  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Status Quo ◽  
Strict Sense ◽  
Political Status ◽  
The People ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Difference

Governability is quite ofien used as an "umbrella concept", under which both the capacity of governance (manner in which power is exercised in the management of a territory) and the governability in the strict sense of the word (acceptation of the social and political status quo by the people) are subsumed. The first part of this article underlies the difference between these two concepts The second part examines facts in relation to governance and governability problems in Rio de Janeiro, and discusses some ideologically generated current exaggerations about the governability crisis in this metropolis, as suggested by the experience of the 1980s and 1990s.

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