scholarly journals IMMUNOMODULATORY EFFECTS OF ETHANOL EXTRACT OF CURCUMA MANGGA RHIZOMES IN MICE

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuandani Yuandani ◽  
Edy Suwarso
Keyword(s):  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Total Leukocyte Count ◽  
Phagocytic Index ◽  
Immunomodulatory Activity ◽  
Immunomodulatory Effects ◽  
Immunostimulatory Activity ◽  
Immunomodulatory Potential

Objective: This study was conducted to evaluate the immunomodulatory effects of ethanol extract of Curcuma mangga by in vivo study.Methods: The ethanol extract of C. mangga was comprised to carbon clearance method for its immunomodulatory potential. The extract wasadministered orally at doses of 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg BW to mice for 7 days. On day 8, carbon ink was injected, and the blood was collected formeasurement of elimination of carbon. Total leukocyte count was also determined.Results: The evaluation of immunomodulatory potential of ethanol extract of C. mangga revealed a dose-dependent increase in phagocytosis ability.The phagocytic index of ethanol extract of C. mangga was more than those of negative control, indicating the immunostimulatory activity of C. mangga.It showed low stimulation on total leukocyte count.Conclusion: The results indicate that ethanol extract of C. mangga rhizomes possesses immunomodulatory activity and has therapeutic potential forthe treatment of infectious diseases.

scholarly journals IMMUNOMODULATORY EFFECTS OF ETHANOL EXTRACT ARTEMISIA VULGARIS L. IN MALE RATS

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (13) ◽  
pp. 245 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roma Marbun ◽  
Edy Suwarso ◽  
Yuandani Yuandani
Keyword(s):  
Elimination Rate ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Negative Control Group ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Immunomodulatory Activity ◽  
Artemisia Vulgaris ◽  
Immunomodulatory Effects ◽  
Treatment Groups

  Objective: This current study was conducted to investigate the immunomodulatory effects of ethanol extract of Artemisia vulgaris in male rats.Methods: Immunomodulatory activity was determined by measuring the carbon elimination rate, the total number of leukocytes and differential, as well as antibody titer. The treatment groups were divided into six groups, each group consisting of five male rats. The extract at doses of 50, 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg bw was administered orally for 7 days. The carbon elimination was measured using an ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer.Results: The ethanol extract of A. vulgaris at doses of 50, 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg body weight increased the carbon elimination and increased the number of total leukocytes and differential leukocytes, especially neutrophils and neutrophils rod segments as compared to the negative control group (CMC-Na 0.5%) (p<0.05).Conclusion: The ethanol extract of A. vulgaris possesses immunomodulatory effect.

scholarly journals IMMUNOMODULATORY ACTIVITY OF MUNTINGIA CALABURA L. FRUITS USING CARBON CLEARANCE ASSAY AND THEIR TOTAL FLAVONOID AND PHENOLIC CONTENTS

2019 ◽  
pp. 140-145
Author(s):  
TANTI AZIZAH SUJONO ◽  
IKA TRISHARYANTI DIAN KUSUMOWATI ◽  
RIMA MUNAWAROH
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Phagocytic Index ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Immunomodulatory Activity ◽  
Immunostimulatory Activity ◽  
Phenolic Contents ◽  
Carbon Clearance ◽  
Muntingia Calabura

Objective: Muntingia calabura L fruits have several advantages for health and can be consumed as alternative medicine. This study aims to evaluate the immunomodulatory activity of methanol extract (ME) and fractions of M. calabura L fruits against non-specific immune response in mice and its total phenolic and flavonoid contents. Methods: This research using carbon clearance assay or phagocytosis method which was done on mice. Seventy male Swiss mice were divided into 14 groups. Mice were treated with ME, hexane fraction (HF), dichloromethane fraction (DF), and ethyl acetate fraction (EAF) of M. calabura L. orally at a dose of 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg daily for 7 days. Zymosan with a dose of 15 mg/kg was used as a positive control and given intraperitoneally, and CMC Na was used as a negative control. On the 8th day, mice were injected with carbon ink suspension intravenously and blood samples were taken at the minutes of 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, and 30. Furthermore, the transmittance was measured at λ 675 nm. The total phenolic content was measured using the Folin–Ciocalteu method, and flavonoid content was measured using the AlCl3 method. Results: Zymosan, ME, and EAF of M. calabura L. at a dose of 200 mg/kg showed a strong immunostimulatory effect (phagocytic index >1.5) while the HF and DF groups showed that the higher doses decreased the phagocytic index. The total phenolic contents of ME, HF, DF, and EAF were 27.90, 11.11, 16.72, and 30.11%, respectively, while the flavonoid contents were 4.07, 0.17, 3.07, and 1.86%, respectively. Conclusion: ME and EAF of M. calabura L. fruits have immunostimulatory activity.

scholarly journals Immunostimulatory Activity Test of Extract and Isolation of the Secondary Metabolites of Kabau (Archidendron Bubalinum) Fruit Peel

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 2691-2700
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Phagocytic Index ◽  
Fruit Peel ◽  
Immunostimulatory Activity ◽  
Ethanol Extracts ◽  
Identification And Characterization

Kabau fruit peel has higher antioxidant activity. Antioxidants can changes immunological and oxidative stress parameters and enhance the immune system. This study aimed to determine the immunostimulatory activity of 96 % and 50 % ethanol extracts of kabau fruit peel and to isolate the major secondary metabolites. The immunostimulatory activity was tested using the carbon clearance method. Eighteen male Swiss Webster mice were divided into groups, given each ethanol extract at a respective dose of 100 and 200 mg/kg BW, 0.5 % Na-CMC as the negative control, and 19.5 mg/kg BW Stimuno as the positive control. Each treatment was given for seven days. The active extract was further fractionated and isolated using chromatography, followed by identification and characterization of the isolate using TLC-Scanner and NMR. The 96 % ethanol extract had immunostimulatory activity, with a phagocytic index of 1.17. Isolation of the ethanol extract revealed Quercitrin, a flavonoid, with Rf value of 0.55. Results of this study indicate that kabau fruit peel extract has immunostimulatory activity with flavonoid as the active ingredient.

scholarly journals AKTIVITAS ANTIINFLAMASI EKSTRAK ETANOL 70% DAUN ASHITABA (Angelica keiskei) SECARA IN VIVO DENGAN PENGINDUKSI KARAGENAN

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haka As'ada ◽  
Yardi Saibi ◽  
Hendri Aldrat
Keyword(s):  
Dose Range ◽  
White Male ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
Male Rat ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Angelica Keiskei ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Ashitaba leaves (Angelica keiskei) or also known as tommorow's leaf is plant that known to have various health benefit, one of them is as an anti-inflammatory activity. The anti-inflammatory activity of ashitaba leaves has been known through in vitro assays. This study aims to determine the anti-inflammatory activity of 70% ethanol extract of ashitaba leaves through in vivo assay. Anti-inflammatory activity was performed on white male rat of Sprague dawley strain with induction method of edema on rat's foot using 1% carrageenan 0.2 ml. Rats were divided into 5 groups. The negative control group was given a 0.5% Na-CMC suspension, a positive control group was given sodium diclofenac suspension of 5.14 mg / kgBW, and the test group was given 70% ethanol extract of ashitaba leaves at a dose of 1000; 2000; and 4000 mg / kgBW suspended in 0.5% Na-CMC. The results showed that in that dose range the 70% ethanol extract of ashitaba leaves had anti-inflammatory activity that did not depend on the dose. Percentage of edema of 70% ethanol extract of ashitaba leaves dose 1000; 2000; 4000 mg / kgBB was significantly different with negative control (p ≤ 0,05) and had percentage of edema inhibition respectively 83,95%, 79,01%, and 80,25%. The results of this study showed that 70% ethanol extract of ashitaba leaves have anti-inflammatory activity. Keywords: Ashitaba, Angelica keiskei, tommorow's leaf, anti-inflammatory, carrageenan.

scholarly journals The Combination of Ethanol Extracts of Phyllanthus niruri Linn, Typhonium flagelliforme and Piper crocatum increase the Macrophage Phagocytosis In Vitro

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 67
Author(s):  
Reynelda Juliani Sagala ◽  
Retno Murwanti
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Extraction Procedure ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Phagocytic Index ◽  
Combination Group ◽  
Immunomodulatory Activity ◽  
Phyllanthus Niruri ◽  
Phagocytic Capacity ◽  
Macrophage Phagocytosis

Research on the activity of Phyllanthus niruri Linn, Typhonium flagelliforme (Lodd.) Blume and Piper crocatum have been conducted and showed various immunomodulatory activity. This study aims to investigate the immunomodulatory activity of the combination of the ethanolic extracts of Phyllanthus niruri Linn, Typhonium flagelliforme (Lodd.) Blume, and Piper crocatum by determining its macrophages phagocytic index and macrophages phagocytic capacity. Therefore, such a combination could be an alternative drug to increase immune response. In this study, the extraction procedure was carried out through maceration by using an ethanolic solvent. Combinations of herbs ethanol extract were varied in four groups of combination, at three different concentrations of 1 μg/ml, 10 μg/ml, and 100 μg/ml for each group. Macrophages were isolated from the peritoneum cavity of male mice (Mus musculus), and its phagocytic activity was quantified through the Leijh method (1986). The phagocytic index and phagocytic capacity of macrophages were determined by using latex beads as a trigger of phagocytosis and compared with negative controls of media, DMSO, and four groups of ethanolic extract combinations in different concentrations. The results indicate that all of combination group ethanol extract with a concentration of 10 μg/ml was significantly (p<0.05) optimum activated phagocytic index. Therefore the combination of Phyllanthus niruri Linn, Piper crocatum, and Thyphonium flagelliforme (Lodd.) Blume ethanolic extract might be prospective to increase nonspecific immune response.

scholarly journals Immunomodulatory activity and phytochemical content determination of fractions of suji leaves (Dracaena angustifolia (Medik.)Roxb.)

Food Research ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-90
Author(s):  
Nestri Handayani ◽  
Subagus Wahyuono ◽  
Triana Hertiani ◽  
Retno Murwanti
Keyword(s):  
Lower Layer ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Phagocytic Index ◽  
Immunomodulatory Activity ◽  
Active Fraction ◽  
Phagocytic Capacity ◽  
Vitro Assay ◽  
Phytochemical Study ◽  
Phytochemical Content

Suji is a plant that has long been used as food colorant and medicinal plant in Indonesia. This study aimed to determine the immunomodulatory activity of fractions obtained from suji leaves by using in vitro phagocytic macrophage assay and also to determine the phytochemical compounds of the most active fraction. Initially, Suji dry leaves powder were macerated with 96% ethanol upon filtration, then the filtrate obtained was evaporated to dryness. The extract obtained was triturated with chloroform to give fraction soluble (F1) and insoluble fraction (F2). Then, F1 was partitioned using a mixture of hexane-methanol-water (25: 14: 1 v /v) to give two layers, namely upper layer (F3) and lower layer (F4). Furthermore, the four fractions (F1, F2, F3 and F4) were tested by in vitro phagocytic macrophages method at the concentration of 10, 25, 50 and 100 µg/mL. The parameters used were the Phagocytic Index (PI) and the Phagocytic Capacity (PC). Macrophage phagocytic in vitro assay showed that fractions of the suji leaf ethanolic extract could improve the phagocytic activity of macrophages. The fraction that demonstrated the highest activity was subjected to phytochemical study by Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC). Based on the data obtained, F3 was the most active fraction, because it has the highest PC and PI values compared to other fractions or negative control. TLC test revealed that F3 contained terpenoids and flavonoids.

scholarly journals EVALUATION OF IN VITRO IMMUNOMODULATORY ACTIVITY OF AQUEOUS AND ETHANOLIC EXTRACT OF EULOPHIA NUDA LINDL

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 352 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vanita Kanase ◽  
Diptesh T Patil
Keyword(s):  
Lysosomal Enzyme ◽  
Stimulation Index ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Phagocytic Index ◽  
Immunomodulatory Activity ◽  
Myeloperoxidase Activity ◽  
Enzyme Release

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the in vitro immunomodulatory activity of aqueous and ethanolic extract of dried tubers of Eulophia nuda.Methods: Effect of both the extracts was evaluated at various concentrations (832–6.5 μg/ml) for secretion of mediators such as nitric oxide (NO), superoxide, lysosomal enzyme, and myeloperoxidase activity of isolated murine peritoneal macrophages.Results: The extracts showed stimulation of NO, statistically significant at 832 μg/ml (SI 1.739) for ENA and at 832 μg/ml (stimulation index [SI] 1.662) for ENE; significant stimulation on lysosomal enzyme release for ENA at 832 μg/ml (SI 1.404) and ENE at 832 μg/ml (SI 1.513); myeloperoxidase activity was statistically significant for ENA at 832 μg/ml (SI 1.728) and ENE at 832 μg/ml (SI 1.770).Conclusion: In vitro phagocytic index showed significant results and thus proving the need for confirmation through in vivo studies.

scholarly journals The Ethanol Extract of Avocado (Persea americana Mill. (Lauraceae)) Seeds Successfully Induces Implant Regression and Restores Ovarian Dynamic in a Rat Model of Endometriosis

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Stéphane Minko Essono ◽  
Marie Alfrede Mvondo ◽  
Esther Ngadjui ◽  
François Xavier Kemka Nguimatio ◽  
Pierre Watcho
Keyword(s):  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Persea Americana ◽  
Corpora Lutea ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Female Wistar Rats

Endometriosis is an estrogen-dependent disease with conventional therapies which do not have desirable effectiveness and possess many side effects. Scientific evidences suggest that medicinal plants with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and/or antiproliferative properties are potential alternatives for the treatment of endometriosis. The ethanol extract of Persea americana Mill. (Lauraceae) seeds was found exhibiting antiproliferative properties in vitro and in vivo. This study therefore is aimed at investigating the effects of such an extract on an experimental model of endometriosis. Endometriosis was induced by grafting uterine fragments onto the peritoneum of female Wistar rats. After checking the success of the transplantation surgery, animals with endometriosis were orally treated with the ethanol extract of P. americana seeds at the doses of 12.5, 25, and 50 mg/kg. The positive control was treated with letrozole (10 mg/kg) while the negative control received the vehicle. Treatments lasted 7 days and animals were sacrificed thereafter. Endometrial implant volume was determined. Estradiol and progesterone levels were measured in serum samples and endometriosis lesions. The oxidative status of endometriosis lesions was evaluated. Histological analysis of endometriosis lesions, uterus, and ovaries was also performed. Results showed that the ethanol extract of P. americana seeds decreased endometrial implant volume (p<0.001) and serum levels of estradiol and progesterone (p<0.01). The levels of estradiol also decreased in endometriosis lesions at doses of 12.5 and 50 mg/kg (p<0.001). Both malondialdehyde and glutathione levels increased in endometriosis lesions (p<0.001). The ectopic endometrium height decreased and the number of antral follicles and corpora lutea (p<0.05) increased while that of luteinized unruptured follicles decreased (p<0.001). In conclusion, the ethanol extract of P. americana seeds displayed an antiendometriosis effect suggesting that it could be a potential alternative for the treatment of endometriosis.

Evaluation of Immunomodulatory activity of Diosgenin in rats

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 70-75
Author(s):  
Vikram V Nimbalkar ◽  
Urmila E Kadu ◽  
Ravina P Shelke ◽  
Suvarna A Shendge ◽  
Pratiksha N Tupe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Dosage Level ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Delayed Type Hypersensitivity ◽  
Phagocytic Index ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Immunomodulatory Activity ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Nonspecific Immunity ◽  
Stimulation Of

Background: The immune system is intrinsic to health. Modulation of the immune responses to alleviate the diseases by using herbal plants has been of interest for many years. Diosgenin, a naturally occurring steroid saponin mainly present in the seeds of fenugreek (Trigonella foenum graecum) and in the root tubers of wild yams (Dioscorea villosa). Activation of specific and nonspecific immunity results in stimulation of immune response. Diosgenin has the positive effects on both specific and nonspecific immunity. Aim: To study the immunomodulatory activity of Diosgenin in albino wistar rats. Method: The suspension of Diosgenin was given orally at the dosage level of 50, 100 and 150 mg/kg for 21 days in a rat. The immunomodulatory activity on specific and non-specific immunity was studied by heamagglutination antibody (HA) titer, delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH) response and carbon clearance test.  Immunosuppression in a rat was induced by using Cyclophosphamide (100 mg/kg, p.o.). Sheep red blood cells (SRBCs) were used as antigen (0.1ml 20% SRBCs). Result: Diosgenin exhibited significant increase in the production of antibody titer in response to SRBC antigen. A significant increase in both primary and secondary HA titer was observed in immunosuppressed group treated with Diosgenin when compared with negative control.  A significant increase in the DTH response was observed in immunosuppressed animals treated with Diosgenin, pre-sensitized with SRBCs antigen. Diosgenin exhibited significant increase in phagocytic index against control group, indicating the stimulation of the reticuloendothelial system. Conclusion: The study indicates that Diosgenin triggers stimulatory effect on specific and nonspecific immune response. The immunostimulant effect of Diosgenin could be attributed due to its saponin glycoside.

scholarly journals Anti-Proliferative Effects of Standardized Cornus officinalis on Benign Prostatic Epithelial Cells via the PCNA/E2F1-Dependent Cell Cycle Pathway

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (24) ◽  
pp. 9567
Author(s):  
Bo-Ram Jin ◽  
Se-Yun Cheon ◽  
Hyo-Jung Kim ◽  
Myoung-Seok Kim ◽  
Kwang-Ho Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Proliferative Effect ◽  
Cornus Officinalis ◽  
Dependent Cell

Cornus officinalis, widely used in traditional Chinese medicine, exhibits pharmacological effects against erectile dysfunction and pollakisuria, which are pathological symptoms of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Although traditional usage and a study on BPH have been reported, to our knowledge, no study has investigated the exact molecular mechanism(s) underlying the anti-proliferative effects of standardized C. officinalis on prostatic cells. We standardized C. officinalis 30% ethanol extract (COFE) and demonstrated the therapeutic effects of COFE on human BPH epithelial cells and testosterone-induced BPH in rats. In vitro studies using BPH-1 cells demonstrated an upregulation of BPH-related and E2F Transcription Factor 1(E2F1)-dependent cell cycle markers, whereas treatment with COFE clearly inhibited the proliferation of BPH epithelial cells and reduced the overexpression of G1 and S checkpoint genes. Additionally, COFE administration alleviated the androgen-dependent prostatic enlargement in a testosterone-induced BPH animal model. COFE exerted these anti-BPH effects by the inhibition of anti-apoptotic markers, suppression of PCNA expression, and regulation of E2F1/pRB-dependent cell cycle markers in rats with BPH. These results suggest that COFE exerts anti-proliferative effect by regulating PCNA/E2F1-dependent cell cycle signaling pathway both in vivo and in vitro. These findings reveal the therapeutic potential of COFE, which could be used as a substitute for BPH treatment.

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