scholarly journals Парные глаголы с каузативным значением: семантические особенности (на материале бурятского языка)

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 590-599
Author(s):  
Elena A. Dadueva ◽  
◽  
Darima Sh. Kharanutova
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Analysis ◽  
Subjective Assessment ◽  
Semantic Features ◽  
Primary Methods ◽  
General Semantics ◽  
Semantic Component ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Special Case ◽  
Causative Verbs

Introduction. The article discusses the semantics of paired causative verbs in the Buryat language, which has not been the subject of a special study yet. The aim was to study the semantic features of Buryat paired causative verbs by way of identifying: 1) the types of paired causative verbs, 2) the contribution of each semantic component of a verbt of its general semantics and their correlation, and 3) paired causative verbs as a special case in expressing causative semantics. Materials and methods. The data was collected from works of fiction in the Electronic Corpus of the Buryat language; contextual and distributive analysis were used as the primary methods of research. Results. Semantic analysis of paired causative verbs, illustrative of causative relationships in the linguistic picture of the Buryat world, indicated that in pairs of non-causative + causative verb the latter is a leading component, which demonstrates the power of causative semantics; the verbs of this type most often express various emotions associated with impact and subjective assessment. The other type are represented by pairs of synonymous causative verb + causative verb that are effective in expressing the intensity of the impact; with the semes of the synonymous verbs combined, the meaning of causation in such pairs is enhanced, and their expressiveness and emotionale valuation aspects come to the fore.

Sustaining corporate culture in a world of hybrid work

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Buell Hirsch
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Culture ◽  
Current Literature ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
White Collar ◽  
Subjective Assessment ◽  
Social Implications ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose This paper aims to examine the challenges to sustaining corporate culture in a world of hybrid working. Design/methodology/approach This paper is a review of current literature on the impact of remote and hybrid working on white-collar employees. Findings There is little consensus on whether remote/hybrid working will harm or strengthen corporate culture. Research limitations/implications The viewpoint is a subjective assessment of a limited number of articles on the subject Practical implications It is not entirely clear how those responsible for corporate culture can act on the findings. Social implications In a world in which corporations are experiencing a shortage of talent, how they handle corporate culture will be increasingly important. Originality/value While much has been written on the impact of remote working, this viewpoint takes the original view that strong corporate cultures rely more on the attitudes and actions of individual employees that company programs or initiatives.

scholarly journals ON THE CHANGE OF VALUES OF POSTNOMINATIVE APPENDICES IN THE PROCESS OF TRANSFORMATION IN THE MODERN ENGLISH

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (21) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sevil M. Radjabova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
Subjective Assessment ◽  
General Concept ◽  
Word Formation ◽  
Semantic Features ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Characteristic Features ◽  
Altered Form ◽  
The Given ◽  
Informative Element

Article deals with the changes of the meanings of the post nominal adjectives in the process of transformation in the modern English language. On the basis of the linguoculturological approach and the method of linguistic analysis, the characteristic features of the change in the meanings of post-nominative adjectives in the English language have been revealed. In the English language the adjectives can perform the function of predicative. For the semantics of the adjectives which have the predicative function, these adjectives are characterized by inner qualitative diversity. Mainly, qualitative adjectives refer to classical predication and denote the feature of the object directly. Such adjectives have more features of predication. The predicative sign of the adjective, the presence of a connotation of subjective assessment determines its semantics and use. There are differences between the constructions used in the predicate function in phrases that perform the function of the subject and in the altered form of word phrases related attributively and predicatively. The predicative relation is the immunest form of syntactic connection and in predicative connectives the structural restriction in comparison with attributive constructions is extremely limited. Adjectives as predicative words do not have denotation and reference, they have no denoter, there is a signification. Basing on their indicative characteristics, it is possible to present all the possible semantic features. For the English language it is characteristic the use of the attribute before the defined word. The development from a special sign of thought to a general concept is characteristic for the whole structure of the English language; it is even possible to observe it in word formation. In most cases, taking into account the use of the adjective in the function of an attribute, the terms like postpositional (post nominal) and prepositional (prenominal) adjectives are used. The reasons for the change in the position of adjectives should be sought not always in the nature of the adjective, but in the degree to which it determines its referent. The semes that make up the meaning of the word are at different levels and are more or less stable. In adjectives, the nuclear seme, or subseme, is always found next to the differential seme. In other words, the adjective cannot be combined with nouns in all semantic groups. When an adjective is combined with a noun, a background is formed that allows or prevents the actualization of a particular seme. This causes the activation of a specific seme associated with the semantics of the given name in combination with the given name. Such semes are reflected in the join semantics. The opposite can also be said. The adjective itself chooses the noun for word formation. After all, the same adjective behaves differently in relation to transformation into different attributive complexes. In our opinion, adjectives act as an important restrictive informative element at the content level.

scholarly journals VERBALIZATION OF THE CONCEPT DOUBT BY MEANS OF EPISTEMIC MODALITY

2021 ◽  
pp. 240-252
Author(s):  
Liudmyla Nizhnik
Keyword(s):  
Research Methodology ◽  
Semantic Analysis ◽  
Component Analysis ◽  
Epistemic Modality ◽  
Semantic Features ◽  
Weak Force ◽  
Lexical Semantic ◽  
Pragmatic Analysis ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Dictionary Definitions

The article considers verbalization of the DOUBT concept by means of epistemic modality, namely epistemically marked words and phrases. The relevance of the study is due to the tendency to study epistemic modality (Palmer F., Halliday M.), epistemic words (Biber D., Wierzbicka A.), phrases of harmonious / disharmonious type (Aijmer K., Hoye L.) and intensifier words (Quirk R.). However, the verbalization of the DOUBT concept by these units has not yet been studied. The object of research is the ways of verbalization of the DOUBT concept by means of epistemic modality, and the subject of research is the meaning of epistemic words and phrases Adv + V / V + Adv, Modal V + Adv, Adv + Adj, Adj + N, where the main words are epistemically marked words, and adverbs and adjectives act as modifiers and intensifiers of meaning. Material of the research ‒ dictionary definitions of epistemic words, word combinations of epistemic words with adverbs-intensifiers in the Oxford Collocations Dictionary, modern English fiction from the 90s of the XX century until now. The research methodology consists in using component analysis of epistemic words to determine words with the “uncertain” seme, lexical-semantic analysis to distinguish verbalizing words of the DOUBT concept, in analyzing the compatibility of epistemic words with intensifier words and pragmatic analysis of epistemic words and phrases. The results of the study are the identification of the semantic features that are inherent in the words verbalizing the concept DOUBT and their grouping by semantic features. Studies of harmonic / disharmonious type phrases allow to refer to the phrases-verbalizers of the DOUBT concept those that contain units that express a weak force of modality (e.g. could possibly), and those whose meaning is modified by intensifier words in the direction of intensification of uncertainty (e.g. will possibly). In the phrases Adv + V / V + Adv, Adv + Adj, Adj + N the influence of the adverb of degree on the meaning of the phrase was traced. The compatibility of epistemic words to denote the DOUBT concept and epistemic words of confidence and probability with amplifiers, emphasizers and downtoners (Quirk R. terms) has been studied. It has been found that the use of epistemic words of confidence and probability with downtoners mitigates the confidence of such a phrase and contributes to its attribution (e.g. hardly believe) to the traditional verbalizers of the DOUBT concept.

scholarly journals LINGUISTIC-SEMANTIC FEATURES OF THE COMMUNICATIVE MODEL OF ONLINE COMMUNICATION DURING THE VACCINATION PERIOD

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (11(79)) ◽  
pp. 21-24
Author(s):  
Solomiia Albota
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Analysis ◽  
Online Communication ◽  
Behavioral Model ◽  
Semantic Interpretation ◽  
Semantic Features ◽  
Behavioral Models ◽  
Linguistic Markers ◽  
Social Communicative ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
The Impact

The paper focuses on the concept of cognitive-perceptual and behavioral model of communication. For semantic analysis, the news feeds of the online communication platform Reddit regarding the outcome of the pandemic – vaccination of the population – have been singled out as a linguistic material. Each post of news items has been previously thoroughly interpreted and analyzed. Such singling out of language material has been carried out with the help of linguistically obvious (explicit) and hidden (implicit) linguistic markers to denote certain semantic groups based on linguistic-semantic interpretation and analysis of the Reddit vaccination posts. As a result of the analysis, two communicative cognitive-perceptual and behavioral models of online communication within Reddit during the period of vaccination of the population have been studied. The first cognitive-perceptual and behavioral model – the general attitude towards vaccination, as well as the second one – the impact of vaccination on the population – have been considered. These models will further serve as a research basis of the pattern for social communicative approach concerning online Reddit discussions as both of them are based on the cognitive conceptualization notion referring to communication perception and behavior in certain communicative situations. To confirm the results of linguistic-semantic analysis, automatic software for counting words and providing concise linguistic information has been applied.

scholarly journals CAT AND DOG CONCEPTS AS COMPONENTS OF THE ENGLISH WORLDVIEW

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olga Novikova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Analysis ◽  
World View ◽  
English Speakers ◽  
Material Object ◽  
Semantic Features ◽  
Cognitive Semantic ◽  
General Scientific ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
English Culture

The subject of the study is the linguistic objectification of the concepts of CAT and DOG in lexicographic sources, due to the national culture and mentality of English speakers (The British). The paper aims at identifying the objectification features of CAT and DOG concepts in the British linguoculture. The significance of CAT and DOG concepts is motivated by the degree of verbal explication and their value in English culture. In our work, the reconstruction of English world view fragments, marked by CAT and DOG concepts, was carried out on the material of lexical units. The purpose and problem is due to the use of the following methods: general scientific (abstraction, generalization, formalization, induction, deduction), empirical-theoretical (analysis, synthesis) and special (lexical-semantic analysis – to clarify the semantic potential of the concept name; dictionary definition method – to clarify the semantics of possible verbalizers of the concept, determine its name and description of the conceptual component; elements of etymological analysis – to explain the content of the concept verbalizer. Verbal nominations, representing CAT and DOG concepts, are interpreted as fixators of knowledge about objects, explicitly expressed in language. CAT and DOG concepts have a concrete-subject character, they correlate with the objective reality – a discrete, objectively available material object of reality. As a result of the definitive analysis and based on the definition of the nominative token cat and dog, we distinguished 12 generalized meanings that form the denotation CAT concept and 14 generalized meanings that produce the denotation of DOG concept. The conceptual basis of CAT and DOG concepts is expanded with the help of additional semantic features, taking into account the cognitive-semantic analysis of synonymous equivalents of the nouns cat and dog.

scholarly journals Nominal Constructions of the Vertical Level in the Yakut Language

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 82-92
Author(s):  
I. B. Ivanova
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Analysis ◽  
Component Composition ◽  
Semantic Features ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
General Picture ◽  
Continuous Sampling ◽  
Nominal Structure ◽  
Imaginative Literature ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Vertical Level

At present, the grammatical and semantic study of nominal constructions as a means of conveying metrological concepts is believed to reveal the general picture of the study of the functional grammar of the Yakut (Saha) language. Widespread constructions obtained by the method of continuous sampling from Yakut imaginative literature and folklore serve as the material of the research. The purpose of the article is to identify the structural and semantic features of the expression of nominal structures on the material of the Yakut language. As the subject matter of the research, we chose constructions of a nominal type, expressing the height / growth of an object, the depth of substances, and the length of hanging objects.It is postulated that in the Yakut language, typical constructions with the instrumental affix -nan and with the dative affix -ar, -gar in combination with the postpositions dieri, dyly and tiye ʻdo, up to’ as means of expressing the level differ from each other not only in their structure, but also semantically. To identify the grammatical and semantic features of nominal constructions with the meaning of the level, different techniques have been used: morphoglossing, taking into account the linguistic specificity of the language, based on the Leipzig rules for the representation of texts, metalanguage transmission of the meaning of the level, description of semantic groups and subgroups, semantic analysis of the nominal structure.The basic nominal and postpositional constructions with the meaning of the level are presented; the component composition of the studied units is described; considered and described is also the semantic structure of qualitative-adverbial units with quantitative meaning. Based on the material of the studied units, it has been established that the situation of measuring the vertical level has its own cognitive significance, which is mostly associated with anthropocentrism. The main names of body parts with the instrumental affix -nan, capable of acting as level indicators, except for harah ʻeyesʼ, haas ʻebrowsʼ, uos ʻlip(s)ʼ, tis ʻtooth(s)ʼ, and other parts of a person’s face are revealed. Constructions with the instrumental case preposition -nan are more static and are mainly used with the verbs of being; the constructions with the dative affix -gar and the postpositions dyly, dieri, tiye ʻdo, up toʼ show more dynamics, thanks to the verbs of movement and achievement.

scholarly journals Classification of the elements of linguoculturological information in the polycode text of print advertising based on the material of Russian and Chinese languages

Litera ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Huajing Zou ◽  
Natalia Viktorovna Novospasskaya
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Analysis ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Print Advertising ◽  
Cross Cultural Communication ◽  
Cultural Specificity ◽  
National Values ◽  
Verbal Component ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Commercial Advertising ◽  
The Impact

The subject of this research is the polycode text, viewed from the perspective of value in cross-cultural communication. Research material con block of social and commercial advertising (40 units in Russian and 40 units in Chinese), in which linguoculturological information can be the subject of advertising, as well as the background for the advertised goods, service or idea. In course of research, the author employed comparative analysis of the verbal component of the two languages, method of comparison of the content and carrying out the elements of iconic level, semantic analysis of the verbal component of polycode text of print advertising. The novelty of this work lies in establishment of the impact of polycode of advertising texts upon the audience, which consists in formation of representations on the national values, including physical-geographical, figurative, cultural-historical, material and spiritual aspects. The conclusion is made that the polycode text of print advertising is the effective means of conveyance and acquisition of information on cultural specificity of the nation, as well as the tool that reflects the state of another culture through application of semantic and linguistic techniques. The indicated elements of linguoculturological information are lucidly presented as a combination of visual and textual means.

scholarly journals Prototype Semantic Analysis of Abstract and Concrete Concepts Among Jordanian and American Students

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 148
Author(s):  
Mohammad Al-Ajaleen ◽  
Rajai Al-Khanji
Keyword(s):  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Cultural Difference ◽  
Semantic Analysis ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Semantic Features ◽  
American Students ◽  
To Come ◽  
Concrete Concepts ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Concrete Concept

The aim of the present study was to investigate the extent to which culture may play a role in constructing the prototypical structure of every daily life concepts. Two concepts were investigated in this study: an abstract concept (freedom) and a concrete concept (drinks). The sample of the study comprised two distinct cultures, Jordanians and Americans, who are undergraduate students. To come up with the findings, the researchers carried out two experiments. The first experiment aimed at examining the impact of culture on generating semantic features and examples of the target concepts. The second one investigated the effect of culture on rating the prototypicality of the generated features and examples. To answer the first research question, the researcher calculated the frequency and the percentage of each response. The researcher used the SPSS to answer the second research question. The researcher used the t-test for independent samples (Jordanians and Americans) to calculate the means and the standard deviations in order to examine any possible significant differences that may result from cultural difference. Briefly, the findings showed that culture affected, to a considerable extent, the processes of generating and prototypicality rating of the examples and features of the target concepts.

scholarly journals When Peanuts Fall in Love: N400 Evidence for the Power of Discourse

2006 ◽  
Vol 18 (7) ◽  
pp. 1098-1111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mante S. Nieuwland ◽  
Jos J. A. Van Berkum
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Analysis ◽  
Event Related Potential ◽  
Local Context ◽  
Semantic Features ◽  
N400 Effect ◽  
Discourse Context ◽  
Lexical Semantic ◽  
Interpretation Process ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Context Free

In linguistic theories of how sentences encode meaning, a distinction is often made between the context-free rule-based combination of lexical-semantic features of the words within a sentence (“semantics”), and the contributions made by wider context (“pragmatics”). In psycholinguistics, this distinction has led to the view that listeners initially compute a local, context-independent meaning of a phrase or sentence before relating it to the wider context. An important aspect of such a two-step perspective on interpretation is that local semantics cannot initially be overruled by global contextual factors. In two spoken-language event-related potential experiments, we tested the viability of this claim by examining whether discourse context can overrule the impact of the core lexical-semantic feature animacy, considered to be an innate organizing principle of cognition. Two-step models of interpretation predict that verb-object animacy violations, as in “The girl comforted the clock,” will always perturb the unfolding interpretation process, regardless of wider context. When presented in isolation, such anomalies indeed elicit a clear N400 effect, a sign of interpretive problems. However, when the anomalies were embedded in a supportive context (e.g., a girl talking to a clock about his depression), this N400 effect disappeared completely. Moreover, given a suitable discourse context (e.g., a story about an amorous peanut), animacy-violating predicates (“the peanut was in love”) were actually processed more easily than canonical predicates (“the peanut was salted”). Our findings reveal that discourse context can immediately overrule local lexical-semantic violations, and therefore suggest that language comprehension does not involve an initially context-free semantic analysis.

scholarly journals MEANS AND METHODS OF EXPRESSING THE SENSES IN ENGLISH PREFIXAL VERBS

10.23856/4202 ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (5) ◽  
pp. 19-25
Author(s):  
Anna Dudok
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Analysis ◽  
Semantic Features ◽  
Systematic Description ◽  
Verbal Prefixes ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Verbal Prefix ◽  
The Senses ◽  
The Relationship

The paper dwells upon the systematic description of English verbal prefixes. The verbal prefix is to be treated in the paradigmatic and syntagmatic plane of the language. It is asserted in this article that the meaning of a prefix is identical to that of the preposition – the relationship between two objects in space extrapolating on two consecutive states of the subject/object in time, and when generalized, form the two types of senses. Such prefix features as origin, transporting opportunity, negation and valency are considered, as well as semantic features (such as polysemy and chains of synonyms). In semantic analysis we deal with semes as the meaning constituents defining basic and secondary semes. The process of the formation of different senses has been distinguished by means of semantic opposition and combinations of semes that form the invariant meaning of the verbal prefix.

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