scholarly journals Evaluation of Methanolic Extract of Clitoria ternatea Hepatoprotective & Nephroprotective Activity in Rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4-A) ◽  
pp. 313-319
Author(s):  
Srikanta Chandra
Keyword(s):  
Creatinine Level ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Hepatoprotective Activity ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Positive Control Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Standard Group ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Clitoria Ternatea ◽  
Nephroprotective Activity

Objective: The aim of the study was to investigate the nephroprotective & hepatoprotective activity of methanolic extract of  Clitoria ternatea  in Cisplatin & CCl4 induced in rats Methods: Methanolic extract of aerial part of Clitoria ternatea  plant was studied  for its Nephroprotective  & Hepatoprotective activity in animal experiment models. Nephrotoxicity was induced by Cystone  16 mg/kg b.w . Standard drug was taken Silymarin .Test drug were given methanolic extract   Clitoria ternatea   500 mg/kg , 1000 mg/kg  . Hepatoxicity was induced by CCl4 .Standard drug was taken cisplatin 100 mg/kg . Test drugs were given extract of  Clitoria ternatea 500 mg/kg  & 1000 mg/kg as per b.w Results : In Hepatoprotective activity positive control group was provided with CCl4 and increased SGPT , SGOT , ALP level compare to negative control group whereas Test(2) group was  provided with methanolic extract of Clitoria ternatea  1000 mg/kg decreased SGPT , SGOT , ALP level compare to standard group. In nephroprotective activity positive control group was provided with CCl4 increased Urea and creatinine level where as Test(2) group are provided with methanolic extract of  Clitoria ternatea 1000 mg/kg decreased urea and creatinine level Conclusion: On evaluating biochemical parameters it was found that methanolic extract of Clitoria ternatea 1000 mg/kg showed hepatoprotective and nephroprotective activity in rats.   Keywords:  SGPT, SGOT, ALP, Nephroprotective, Hepatoprotective 

scholarly journals In VivoAntiplasmodial and Analgesic Effect of Crude Ethanol Extract ofPiper guineenseLeaf Extract inAlbinoMice

Scientifica ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Y. Kabiru ◽  
G. F. Ibikunle ◽  
D. A. Innalegwu ◽  
B. M. Bola ◽  
F. M. Madaki
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Analgesic Efficacy ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Positive Control Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Piper Guineense ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Analgesic Effects ◽  
Dose Dependent

Antiplasmodial and analgesic effects of crude ethanol extract ofPiper guineensewas investigated in mice. The antiplasmodial and analgesic efficacy of the extract was judged on its ability to reduce parasitemia and writhing, respectively, in mice. The antiplasmodial screening involved treating infected mice with 200, 400, and 600 mg/kg body weight of extract while the positive control group was given standard artesunate drug. The analgesic test was carried out by administering 1000, 1500, and 2000 mg/kg body weight of extract to three groups of healthy mice, respectively, after induction of pain with 0.75% acetic acid. The positive control group was given aspirin drug. Parasitemia was reduced by 28.36%, 43.28%, and 62.69% in a dose-dependent pattern in the curative test which was significantly different (P<0.05) from 96.03% of the standard drug. The reduction of writhing by mice given the extract was also dose-dependent (36.29, 45.43, and 59.07%). Aspirin drug was however more effective (86.36%). The extract was safe at 2000 mg/kg body weight. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of flavonoids, tannins, phlobatannins, terpenoids, and coumarins. Result obtained in this study demonstrated the efficacy of ethanol extract ofPiper guineenseas an antiplasmodial and analgesic agent.

scholarly journals HEPATOPROTECTIVE ACTIVITY OF ETHANOLIC EXTRACT OF TERMINALIA CHEBULA FRUIT AGAINST ETHANOL INDUCED HEPATOTOXICITY IN RATS

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 55
Author(s):  
Balakrishna Vuyyala ◽  
Lakshmi Thakkalapally
Keyword(s):  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Hepatoprotective Activity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Standard Group ◽  
Terminalia Chebula ◽  
Fruit Extract ◽  
Treatment Protocols ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Antioxidant Parameters

  Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of Terminalia chebula fruit extract on liver antioxidant enzymes in ethanol-induced hepatotoxicity in rats.Method: Rats were divided into six different groups each having six. Group 1 served as a control, Group 2 received 40% ethanol (2 ml/100 g, oral), in sterile water, Groups 4, 5, and 6 served as extract treatment groups and received 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg, orally, ethanolic fruit extract of T. chebula (TCE) and Group 3 served as standard group and received silymarin 25 mg/kg orally. All the treatment protocols followed 21 days, and after which rats were sacrificed, the liver was taken for antioxidant and histological studies, respectively.Results: The ethanol-treated group rats (G2) showed variable decrease in antioxidant parameter (catalase, glutathione, and glutathione reductase) levels. Administration of ethanolic TCE significantly prevented ethanol-induced elevation in the levels of malondialdehyde lipid peroxidation and decreased antioxidant parameters in experimental groups of rats. The effect of extract was compared with a standard drug, silymarin. The changes in antioxidant parameters were supported by histological profile.Conclusion: It is concluded that the ethanolic fruit TCE protects against ethanol-induced oxidative liver injury in rats.

scholarly journals ANTIOXIDANT AND HEPATOPROTECTIVE EFFECT OF QUERCUS ILEX LEAVES EXTRACT IN ETHANOL INDUCED LIVER DAMAGE IN WISTAR RATS

2020 ◽  
pp. 26-31
Author(s):  
RENU MALIK ◽  
K. G. SINGHAL
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Quercus Ilex ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Liver Weight ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Positive Control Group ◽  
Ethanol Administration ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Standard Drug

Objective: This study was undertaken to investigate the hepatoprotective and antioxidant activity of Quercus ilex leaves extract (QILE) on ethanol-induced toxicity in Wistar rats. Methods: Hepatotoxicity was induced by administering ethanol (40%) at a dose of 7.9 gm/kg/day; p. o. (1:1 of ethanol in olive oil) for 28 d. Silymarin 100 mg/kg/day; p. o. was used as a standard drug. The whole study was divided into a prophylactic and curative study. In the prophylactic study, the Silymarin and QILE (test drug) 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg Body Weight(BW) given orally one hour before administration of 40% ethanol administration for 28 d. In the curative study, 7 d of treatment of Silymarin and QILE 200 and 400 mg/kg BW was given orally after 28 d of ethanol administration to different groups. Results: Hepatoprotectivity was confirmed by the highly significantly (p<0.001) restoration of elevated biochemical parameters like SGPT, SGOT, ALP, TB, and highly significantly (p<0.001) depleted Albumin and Total protein levels by 200 mg/kg BW QILE in comparison to the positive control group. QILE 200 mg/kg highly significantly (p<0.001) raised the antioxidants by draining the elevated oxidative stress markers in comparison of positive control group. At dose levels QILE 200 mg/kg, significant (p<0.05) protection from loss in body weight and in liver weight was found when the comparison was done with the positive control group. Histopathology revealed that QILE 200 mg/kg reduced the markers of cell necrosis. Conclusion: Present study revealed that Quercus ilex leaves have antioxidant and hepatoprotective activity due to its chemical constituents.

scholarly journals Potency of Sunkist Orange (Citrus sinensisL. Osbeck) against Kidney Histology of White Wistar Rats Induced by Gentamicin

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 42
Author(s):  
Masdalena Nasution ◽  
Chrismis Novalinda Ginting ◽  
Edy Fachrial ◽  
I Nyoman Ehrich Lister
Keyword(s):  
Citrus Sinensis ◽  
Cell Damage ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Food Supplement ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Positive Control Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Nephroprotective Activity ◽  
Histopathological Results

About 1.7%-58% of all cases of acute kidney failure are caused by gentamicin nephrotoxicity and consequently increasing urea and creatinine levels in the blood which are indications of damage to function. Oranges contain secondary metabolites such as flavonoids, alkaloids, coumarin, limonoid, keratinoid and essential oil that have pharmacological activities such as antioxidants, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, and also nephroprotector. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the nephroprotective activity of Citrus sinensis peel ethanol extract (EEKJS) on rats induced by gentamicin. Rats were induced using gentamicin at a dose of 80 mg/kgBW intraperitoneally on the 7th day after induced at a dose of 50 mg/kgBW, 100 mg/kgBW, and 200 mg/kgBW for 7 days. The results obtained from the ethanol extract of Citrus sinensis peel gave nephroprotective with the lowest serum creatinine and urea levels at a dose of 200 mg/kgBW which was 0.4±0.02 mg/dl and 43.33 ± 2.51 mg/dl and difference significantly (p<0.05) with a positive control group which was only induced by gentamicin and histopathological results showed significant cell damage in the positive control group that was only induced by gentamicin, and in the 50 mg/kgBW dose group, 100 mg/kgBW, 200 mg/kgBW had cell repair after gentamicin induction. Citrus sinensis are highly recommended to be a food supplement for kidney protection.

scholarly journals Preventive Effect of Ethanol Extract of Red Spinach (Amaranthus tricolor L.) on Diet-induced Obese Zebrafish

2020 ◽  
pp. 27-32
Author(s):  
Ari Yuniarto ◽  
Aisyah Zavira Putri ◽  
Nita Selifiana ◽  
I. Ketut Adnyana
Keyword(s):  
Communicable Disease ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Normal Group ◽  
Positive Control Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Standard Diet ◽  
Preventive Effect ◽  
Standard Drug

Background: Nowadays obesity recognized as chronic or non-communicable disease. Pathophysiology of obesity caused by an imbalance between energy intake and expenditure. Obesity was known to be a risk factor for the development of metabolic syndrome. The aim of this study is to evaluate activity of ethanol extract of red spinach (EERS) to prevent obesity in diet-induced zebrafish. Materials and Methods: Acclimatization period for zebrafish was carried out for 2 weeks. After the acclimatization, zebrafish were divided into 6 groups (n = 10 in each group) such as normal group (negative control); obese group (positive control); standard drug (orlistat 4,5 µg/ml); EERS group (50 µg/ml); EERS group (100 µg/ml); and EERS group (200 µg/ml). During a period of 4 weeks, normal group received a standard diet and didn’t received EERS administration. Positive control group received Artemia. Treated group received Artemia and were combined by administration of EERS. To determine obesity criteria we calculated of zebrafish BMI. Results: Based on BMI calculation, EERS 50 µg/ml, 100 µg/ml and 200 µg/ml showed a preventive effect on obesity compared to the positive control group. In addition, EERS 50 µg/ml was able to reduce BMI lower than the other extract groups. Conclusion: It can be concluded that EERS 50 µg/ml has strength preventive effect on diet-induced obese zebrafish. This effect might be influenced by the presence of phytochemical compounds of extract such as flavonoid, saponins, and tannins.

scholarly journals Potensi Biji Orok-orok (Crotalaria juncea L.) sebagai Kandidat Obat Insomnia

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Asmiyenti Djaliasrin Djalil ◽  
Siti Musyarofah ◽  
Bayu Satria Nugroho Putra ◽  
Erza Genatrika ◽  
Ika Yuni Astuti
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Negative Control Group ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Positive Control Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Crotalaria Juncea ◽  
Sedative Activity

ABSTRAK Insomnia merupakan gangguan yang menyebabkan penderita mengalami ketidakmampuan untuk mencukupi kebutuhan tidur. Pemilihan terapi insomnia di Desa Lembarawa, Brebes, secara empiris biasanya menggunakan biji orok-orok (Crotalaria juncea L.) sebagai sedatif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuktikan bahwa biji orok-orok memiliki potensi sebagai sedatif dengan dosis yang tepat. Biji orok-orok diekstrak menggunakan pelarut metanol. Ekstrak yang diperoleh selanjutnya difraksinasi dengan pelarut etil asetat dan metanol. Ekstrak dan fraksi yang diperoleh kemudian diujikan terhadap mencit. Mencit dibagi menjadi 12 kelompok, kelompok I kontrol positif (fenobarbital 60 mg/Kg BB) kelompok II kontrol negatif (NaCMC 1%), kelompok III-IV merupakan kelompok perlakuan ekstrak metanol dengan konsentrasi 50 dan 200 mg/Kg BB, kelompok V-VIII merupakan fraksi etil asetat dengan konsentrasi berturut-turut 7,5; 15; 22,5; dan 30 mg/Kg BB, kelompok IX-XII merupakan fraksi metanol dengan konsentrasi berturut-turut 25, 50, 75, dan 100 mg/Kg BB. Parameter yang digunakan adalah daya cengkeram mencit, reflek balik badan mencit, diameter pupil mata, serta daya jatuh menit. Hasil uji menunjukkan bahwa fraksi etil asetat dan metanol memiliki efek sedatif. Efek sedatif paling baik ditunjukkan oleh fraksi metanol 100 mg/Kg BB yang mendukung terapi untuk insomnia. Kata kunci: biji orok-orok, Crotalaria juncea L., sedatif. ABSTRACT Insomnia is a disruption that can not supply the needs of sleeping. In Lembarawa, Brebes, insomnia was treated empirically using Crotalaria Juncea L. (orok-orok). The purpose of this study was to prove that the seeds of Crotalaria juncea L. had potential as a sedative. Orok-orok seeds methanolic extract, ethyl acetate fraction, and methanolic fraction were observed as a sedative. Mice were divided into 12 groups: positive control group (phenobarbital 60 mg/Kg BW), negative control group (Na CMC 1%), methanolic extract of orok-orok seeds with doses of 50 and 100 mg/Kg BW, ethyl acetate fraction with doses of 7.5; 15; 22.5; and 30 mg/Kg BW, methanolic extract with doses of 25; 50; 75; and 100 mg/Kg BW. The sedative activity was investigated in mice including diameter mouse’s pupil, grip strange performances, return mice reflect, and rotarod performances. The results suggest that methanolic extract, ethyl acetate fraction, and methanolic fraction of orok-orok seeds possess potent sedative activity. The highest activity was obtained by using 100 mg/Kg BW of methanolic fraction, which supported its therapeutic use for insomnia. Keywords: Crotalaria juncea L., Orok-orok seeds, a sedative.

scholarly journals Resistance to Fracture of Dental Roots Obturated with Different Materials

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Berkan Celikten ◽  
Ceren Feriha Uzuntas ◽  
Kamran Gulsahi
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Resistance ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Negative Control Group ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Positive Control Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Root Canal Filling ◽  
Filling Materials ◽  
Group 2

The aim of this study was to compare the vertical fracture resistance of roots obturated with different root canal filling materials and sealers. Crowns of 55 extracted mandibular premolar teeth were removed to provide root lengths of 13 mm. Five roots were saved as negative control group (canals unprepared and unfilled). Fifty root canals were instrumented and then five roots were saved as positive control group (canals prepared but unfilled). The remaining 45 roots were randomly divided into three experimental groups (n=15root/group) and obturated with the following procedures: in group 1, glass ionomer-based sealer and cone (ActiV GP obturation system); in group 2, bioceramic sealer and cone (EndoSequence BC obturation system); and in group 3, roots were filled with bioceramic sealer and cone (Smartpaste bio obturation system). All specimens were tested in a universal testing machine for measuring fracture resistance. For each root, the force at the time of fracture was recorded in Newtons. The statistical analysis was performed by using Kruskal-Wallis and post hoc test. There were no significant differences between the three experimental groups. The fracture values of three experimental and negative control groups were significantly higher than the positive control group. Within the limitations of this study, all materials increased the fracture resistance of instrumented roots.

scholarly journals Antidiabetic and antihyperlipidemic activities of Cucumis melo var. momordica fruit extract on experimental animals

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Arvind Kumar Srivastava ◽  
Alok Mukerjee ◽  
Abhishek Tripathi
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Cucumis Melo ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Positive Control Group ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Fruit Extract ◽  
Experimental Animals ◽  
Glucose Levels

Abstract Background Diabetes mellitus is a major public health issue related to the irregular metabolism of carbohydrates, protein, and fat. It occurs due to insufficient insulin production and insulin action. Cucumis melo possesses several biological properties including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antihypothyroidism, and antiangiogenic activities. The objective of the present study was to determine the antidiabetic and antihyperlipidemic activities of Cucumis melo var. momordica fruit extract on experimental animals. Result Results show that treatment with C. melo fruit extract and fraction caused a reduction in blood glucose levels. Cucumis melo toluene fraction (CMTF) exhibited a significant (*P < 0.05) reduction of blood glucose level on the 28th day, i.e., 122 mg/dL, in comparison with the positive control group (streptozotocin (STZ)). However, the extract of C. melo showed less significant results in comparison with CMTF. Triglyceride, LDL, and VLDL levels were increased chronically due to STZ and were significantly (*P < 0.05) restored to 84.16, 86.97, and 19.73, respectively, by CMTF in comparison with the positive control group (STZ in the dose of 55 mg/kg). The extract-treated groups also showed similar results as CMTF, but their efficacy was lesser than CMTF. Conclusion It is can be concluded that C. melo fruits can be used as an effective antidiabetic and antihyperlipidemic drug. Graphical abstract

Protective effect of Saccharomyces cerevisiae in Rattus norvegicus Ischemic Stroke Model

2021 ◽  
pp. 5785-5789
Author(s):  
Dedy Budi Kurniawan ◽  
Mokhamad Fahmi Rizki Syaban ◽  
Arinal Mufidah ◽  
Muhammad Unzila Rafsi Zulfikri ◽  
Wibi Riawan
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Brain Tissue ◽  
Tissue Injury ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Positive Control Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem ◽  
The Brain

Stroke is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in all ages. Ischemic stroke activates excitotoxic glutamate cascade leading to brain tissue injury. Saccharomyces cerevisiae is a unicellular yeast widely found in nature. S. cerevisiae is neuroprotective and able to increase the differentiation of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) into neuronal cells. it may increase levels of neuroprotectant BDNF in the brain tissue, therefore increase the protection of neurons. BDNF may prevent glutamate-driven excitotoxicity by reducing glutamate levels. This study uses a randomized post-test only controlled group design. In this in vivo study, rodent models of ischemic stroke were divided into five groups comprising of the negative control group, positive control group, intervention group 1 (18mg/kgBW), intervention group 2 (36mg/kgBW) and intervention group 3 (72 mg/kgBW). Groups treated with Saccharomyces cerevisiae extract showed significantly increased BDNF levels in the brain tissue, and the expression of the glutamate level was significantly reduced (P <0.05) compared to the positive control group. Thus Saccharomyces cerevisiae has a promising potential to become a therapy against ischemic stroke disease. however further research is needed regarding the efficacy and toxicity of Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

scholarly journals Screening of natural product extracts for fly repellent and larvicide

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-40
Author(s):  
Kanokwan Bootyothee ◽  
◽  
Surasit Aunpromma ◽  
Atchara Artchayasawat ◽  
Opal Pitaksakulrat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Products ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Crude Extract ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Inorganic Compounds ◽  
Food Contamination ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Positive Control Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Significant Difference

Fly is one of the vectors of foodborne pathogenic vectors and causes myiasis in humans and animals. To prevent the contamination of food and myiasis, various chemical products are commonly used. However, eco-friendly is now a trend all over the world so natural products are the alternative ways to reduce the chemical residue in the environment. The present study was screened the 12 natural products in 4 groups; the essential oil plants, the alkaloid plants, the cyanogenic plant, and the inorganic compounds which use a simple extraction on the fly repelling and larvicide. The fly repelling efficacy with 2 criteria consist of the time of the first swarm and percent repelling (PR) in the first 15 min. The larvicidal efficacy was determined by the mortality rate within 24 h. The Kaffir lime peels aqueous crude extract exhibited the best result on fly repelling from both criteria with no significant difference. The bamboo shoots aqueous crude extract gave the best result on larvicide with significantly different from other groups (P < 0.001) which was faster than the positive control group (Coumaphos & Propoxur). Moreover, the high mortality rate reached 73.33 ± 15.28% within 24 h, higher than the positive control group. The present study indicates the power of common natural products on fly repellent and larvicide that may apply for fly repellant to reduce the food contamination especially fresh materials and prevention or treatment of animal and human myiasis in rural areas

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