scholarly journals Efektivitas Kombinasi Ekstrak Etanol Daun Bunga Matahari dan Tanaman Anting-Anting sebagai Antimalaria Secara In Vivo

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khoirul Ngibad
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Antimalarial Activity ◽  
Combination Index ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Probit Analysis ◽  
Activity Test ◽  
Acalypha Indica

Sunflower (Helianthus annuus) and anting-anting (Acalypha indica Linn), can be studied as efficacious malaria medicinal plants for preventing the development of malaria plasmodium resistance. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of the combination of 80% ethanol extract of sunflower leaves and anting-anting as antimalarials. This study included extraction of sunflower leaves and anting-anting plant separately using the maceration method for 24 hours with 80% ethanol. Stirring is aided by a 3 hour shaker and then the obtained extracts were mixed and tested in vivo antimalarial activity against mice test animals. Data of the parasitemia degree was analyzed for the determination of Effective Dose (ED50) using probit analysis then determination of Combination Index (CI) value. The results of the antimalarial activity test on tested mice were ED50 of 1.23 mg/kg human body with a Combination Index (CI) of 0.46 (CI <1) which means synergistic potency.

scholarly journals Antimalarial Activity of Ethanol Extract of Noni Leaves (Morinda citrifolia) towards Parasitemia, Splenomegaly, and Hepatomegaly in Plasmodium berghei ANKA Infected Mice

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 5
Author(s):  
Putri Rahayu ◽  
Yetti Hernaningsih ◽  
Heny Arwati
Keyword(s):  
Plasmodium Berghei ◽  
Antimalarial Activity ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Probit Analysis ◽  
Morinda Citrifolia ◽  
Plasmodium Berghei Anka ◽  
Tropical Countries ◽  
In Vivo Experiments

Introduction: Malaria is one of the infectious diseases found in tropical countries and sub-tropical countries. In 2016 there were an estimated 445,000 people died to malaria. Alternative medicine is needed, such as natural based ingredient. Morinda citrifolia or noni plant is a medicinal plant found in all parts of Indonesia which has many benefits, such as antibacterial, analgesic, anticancer, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory. The aims of this study were to determine the antimalarial activity of ethanol extract of noni leaves and its effect on splenomegaly and hepatomegaly.Methods: Extract of noni leaves was prepared by maceration using ethanol solvent. In vivo experiments were conducted using Plasmodium berghei infected BALB/c mice treated with the doses of 100, 10, 1 mg/kg body weight(BW) orally of ethanolic extract of noni leaves. Then, the percentage of parasitemia was calculated from day 1 to day 4 after treatment and at the end of the test, mice were sacrificed then spleen and liver were collected. Results: The highest parasite growth was found in the group treated with noni leaves ethanol extract at a dose of 1 mg/kg WB and vice versa. Probit analysis resulted in ED50 was 0.882 mg/kg WB. Spearmen test showed there was no correlation between doses and the size of splenomegaly with p=0,2 and between doses and the size of hepatomegaly with p=0,6.Conclusion: Ethanol extract of noni leaves possessed antimalaria activity and there was no correlation between doses of extract and t he splenomegaly and hepatomegaly.

In Vivo antimalarial activity of aqueous extracts from Kenyan medicinal plants and their Chloroquine (CQ) potentiation effects against a blood-induced CQ-resistant rodent parasite in mice

2007 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 337-343 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francis W. Muregi ◽  
Akira Ishih ◽  
Tohru Suzuki ◽  
Hideto Kino ◽  
Teruaki Amano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Antimalarial Activity ◽  
Aqueous Extracts

scholarly journals Phytochemical screening and in vivo antimalarial activity of extracts from three medicinal plants used in malaria treatment in Nigeria

2015 ◽  
Vol 115 (1) ◽  
pp. 299-305 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. E. Bankole ◽  
A. A. Adekunle ◽  
A. A. Sowemimo ◽  
C. E Umebese ◽  
O Abiodun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Antimalarial Activity ◽  
Malaria Treatment ◽  
Phytochemical Screening

scholarly journals Medicinal Plants Used for Malaria Treatment in Gamba Village, North Region of Cameroon: Ethnopharmacological Survey; In Vivo Antimalarial Activity of Aqueous Extracts of Khaya Senegalensis Bark.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Davy-Hyacinthe Anguechia Gouissi ◽  
Roselyne Teponging Nzangue ◽  
Josue Haskandi Kalaza ◽  
Willy Pabo ◽  
Siméon Pierre Fodouop Chegaing
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Traditional Medicine ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Antimalarial Activity ◽  
Traditional Healers ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Khaya Senegalensis

Abstract Background: In traditional medicine, the floral diversity permits the inhabitants of North Cameroon to use a great number of plants to fight against Malaria. The aim of this study was to identify plants used in traditional medicine to treat malaria, and to verify the scientific basis for the use of one of these plants in the locality of Gamba.Methods: An Ethnopharmacological survey was carried out on 15 traditional healers. We collected data on use of medicinal plants using questionnaires. Then in-vivo antimalarial activity of the decoctioned and macerated aqueous extracts of khaya senegalensis trunk bark was evaluated. The 4-day suppressive peters test was realised on mus musculus swiss albino mice. On day one, mice were infected with 107 plasmodium berghei parasitized red blood cells through intra-peritoneal inoculation. 2 hours after infestation, mice in batches of 6 were treated orally at a dose of 75, 150.300 mg/Kg for macerated aqueous extract and 65, 120.260 mg/Kg for decoctioned extract daily during 3 days at an administration volume of 10 ml/Kg. An extract was considered (% reduction): Highly active (between 100-90 %); moderate (between 90-50 %); weak (between 50-10 %); Inactive (between 0 %). P-values <0.05 were considered statistically significant.Results: A total of 18 plant species belonging to 12 families were identified for the preparation of 12 recipes. The decocted aqueous extract of khaya senegalensis showed moderate anti-plasmodial activity (% reduction = 52.46%) at the highest dose of 260 mg/kg with p<0.001 compared to the positive control group. The aqueous macerate at doses of 150 and 300mg/kg gave respectively a percentage reduction of parasitaemia of 59.42% and 71.80% and also showed moderate anti-plasmodial activity; with p<0.001 between the different extracts and the positive control (99.18%).Conclusion: In conclusion, extracts of khaya senegalensis showed moderate anti-plasmodial activity. It would therefore be necessary to evaluate the anti-malarial activity in-vivo and the toxicity of the aqueous extracts macerated using other solvents and also test the other plants listed.

Antimalaria Activity of Cassia spectabilis DC Leaf and Its Inhibition Effect in Heme Detoxification

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wiwied - Ekasari ◽  
Dewi Resty Basuki ◽  
Heny - Arwati ◽  
Tutik Sri Wahy
Keyword(s):  
Antimalarial Activity ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Ic50 Value ◽  
Cassia Spectabilis ◽  
In Vivo Testing ◽  
Chloroquine Diphosphate ◽  
Better Than

Abstract Background In previous studies, Cassia spectabilis DC leaf has shown a good antimalarial activity. Therefore, this study is a follow-up study of leaf activity and mechanism of C. spectabilis DC as an antimalarial. Methods In vitro antimalarial activity testing using P. falciparum which was done with bioassay guide isolation in order to obtain the active compound. In vivo testing towards infected P. berghei mice was conducted to determine the effects of antimalarial prophylaxis and antimalarial activity in combination with artesunate. Whereas, heme detoxification inhibition testing as one of the antimalarial mechanisms was carried out using the Basilico method. Results The results showed that active antimalarial isolate obtained from C. spectabilis DC leaf had a structural pattern that was identical to (-)-7-hydroxyspectaline. Prophylactic test on infected P. berghei mice obtained the highest dose of inhibition percentage of 90% ethanol extract of C. spectabilis DC leaf was 68.61% while positive (doxycycline) control at 100 mg kg-1 was 73.54%. In antimalarial testing in combination with artesunate, it was found that administering 150 mg kg-1 (three times a day) of C. spectabilis DC (D0 − D2) + artesunate (D2) was better than the standard combination of amodiaquine + artesunate with 99.18% and 92.88% inhibition percentage. For the inhibitory activity of heme detoxification from ethanol extract 90%, C. spectabilis DC leaf had IC50 value of 0.375 mg mL-1 which was better than chloroquine diphosphate. Conclusion These results showed that C. spectabilis DC leaves possesses potent antimalarial activity and may offer a potential agent for effective and affordable antimalarial phytomedicine.

scholarly journals In vivo anti-diabetic activity test of ethanol extract of the leaves of Cassia Siamea Lamk

2018 ◽  
Vol 135 ◽  
pp. 632-642
Author(s):  
Heruna Tanty ◽  
Syarifah Diana Permai ◽  
Herena Pudjihastuti
Keyword(s):  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Cassia Siamea ◽  
Activity Test

scholarly journals The Effectiveness of Local Plants from Lom and Sawang Ethnics as Antimalarial Medicine

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 193
Author(s):  
Henny Helmi ◽  
Budi Afriyansyah ◽  
Wiwied Ekasari
Keyword(s):  
Antimalarial Activity ◽  
Biology Education ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Visual Observation ◽  
Probit Analysis ◽  
Native People ◽  
Endemic Malaria ◽  
Biochemical Compound ◽  
Local Plants

<p>Native people or ethnic societies that live in endemic malaria islands such as in Bangka Island and Belitung Island have used many medicinal plants to cure malaria. Leaves of <em>kesembung</em> (<em>Scaevola taccada</em> (Gaertn Roxb), roots of <em>kebentak</em> (<em>Wikstroemia androsaemofolia</em> Decne), and roots of medang <em>mencena</em> (<em>Dapniphyllum laurinum </em>(Benth) are the examples. This research was aimed to investigate the present of some biochemical compound and evaluate the antimalarial activity of ethanol extract of the plants against <em>Plasmodium falciparum</em> 3D7 in vitro. The IC50 level was determined through visual observation under microscope over 5000 of giemsa-stained erythrocytes then analyzed by probit analysis. Results showed that kebentak root ethanol extract was effective to inhibit P. falciparum 3D7 with level 0.485 µg/mL. Furthermore, the IC50 level of <em>kesembung</em> leaves and <em>medang</em> root were 44.352 µg/mL and 1486.678 µg/mL respectively. Phytochemical test result showed that <em>kebentak</em> leaf ethanol crude extract contained triterpenoid, <em>kesembung</em> root contained phenol and tannins; moreover, <em>medang</em> root contained alkaloid, saponin, and triterpenoid.</p><p><strong>How to Cite</strong></p><p>Helmi, H., Afriyansyah, B. &amp; Ekasari, W. (2016). The Effectiveness of Local Plants from Lom and Sawang Ethnics as Antimalarial Medicine. <em>Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology &amp; Biology Education</em>, 8(2), 193-200.</p><p> </p>

scholarly journals Phytochemical Screening and Anti-Hyperuricemia Activity Test In Vivo of Ethanolic Extract of Shallot (Allium cepa L.) Skin

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 146-151
Author(s):  
Syahrina Syahrina ◽  
Vivi Asfianti ◽  
Kasta Gurning ◽  
Iksen Iksen
Keyword(s):  
Uric Acid ◽  
Allium Cepa ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Purine Metabolism ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Activity Test ◽  
Allium Cepa L ◽  
Potassium Oxonate

Uric acid is the final product of purine metabolism that will be excreted through urine, feces, and sweat. Excessive production of uric acid can cause hyperuricemia, known as gout. The skin of shallots (Allium cepa L.) is one of the household wastes that are very rarely used by the community. Ethanol extract of shallot skin (EESS) was tested for phytochemical screening and anti-hyperuricemia activity using potassium oxonate. Mice were divided into five groups (Allopurinol, Na-CMC, EESS 200 mg/kg BW, 300 mg/kg BW, and 400 mg/kg BW) and uric acid levels were observed at 2-hour intervals for six hours. Phytochemical screening shows that EESS has potential compounds in the treatment of gout. Tests to reduce uric acid levels showed that EESS has better potential than allopurinol at concentrations of 300 mg/kg BW and 400 mg/kg BW after six hours of induction in reducing uric acid levels.

scholarly journals In-vivo Anti-plasmodial Activity of Ethanol Tetracarpidium conophorum Seed Extract and Its Anti-typhoidal Activity In-vitro

2021 ◽  
pp. 35-42
Author(s):  
Faith Temiloluwa Oladipo ◽  
Ebenezer Oluyemi Dada
Keyword(s):  
Salmonella Typhimurium ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Salmonella Typhi ◽  
Seed Extract ◽  
Sensitivity Testing ◽  
Group 2

Aim: This study was conducted to assess the in-vivo anti-plasmodial activity of ethanol Tetracarpidium conophorum seed extract and its anti-typhoidal activity in-vitro. Study Design: Experimental study. Methodology: Standard methods were conducted to determine the acute toxicity test of Tetracarpidium conophorum seed ethanol extract, determination of Body Weight and Temperature of Mice, determination of antibacterial activity of Tetracarpidium conophorum seed crude extract and antibiotic sensitivity testing of clinical and typed Salmonella Typhi isolates Results: There were no signs of toxicity such as paw licking, sleeping, reduced activity,             respiratory distress observed in mice and there were no mortality. Changes occurred in the              weight of mice in group 1 (mice treated with 200mg/kg) from 19.71g to 14.50g wherein significant increment was observed only from day 3 to 4 (18.67g to 16.00g), group 2 (mice treated                       with 400mg/kg) 19.71g to 16.00g). The ethanol extract of Tetracapidium conophorum were all resistant to typed isolates of Salmonella typhimurium and clinical isolates of Salmonella typhimurium at 6.01±0.10 mm. Ciprofloxacin (5 µg) had the highest zone of inhibition at 32.50±2.50 mm against typed Salmonella typhimurium while tetracycline (30 µg) had the least at 15.50±0.50 mm. Conclusion: This study has revealed the anti-plasmodial efficacy of Tetracarpidium conophorum seed. Findings have shown that the ethanol seed extract of T. conophorum relatively possess anti-plasmodial and anti-typhodial activities compared to the positive antibiotic susceptibility of Salmonella typhi. Auxiliary evaluation must be conducted to establish the anti-typhoidal activity of ethanol T. conophorum extract in-vivo.

scholarly journals Phytochemical Screening and In Vivo Antimalarial Activity of Two Traditionally Used Medicinal Plants of Afar Region, Ethiopia, against Plasmodium berghei in Swiss Albino Mice

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sibhatu Gebrehiwot ◽  
Mohammed Shumbahri ◽  
Amelework Eyado ◽  
Tilahun Yohannes
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Antimalarial Activity ◽  
Lethal Dose ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Salvadora Persica ◽  
Swiss Albino Mice ◽  
Albino Mice

The objective of the present study was to investigate phytochemical components, antiplasmodial activity (in vivo) and evaluate the toxicity of two local medicinal plants, namely, Salvadora persica L. and Balanites rotundifolia (Van Tiegh.) used in Afar ethnomedicine for the treatment of malaria. In this study, phytochemical screening has been done using standard methods and the existence of antiplasmodial compounds was detected in these plant extracts. Four-day Peter’s test was used to determine parasite inhibition, PCV was determined by Wintrob’s method, and effects against loss of body weight and improvements on survival time were determined. LD50s of the crude extracts have been also done. Acute toxicity studies of the extracts were carried out in Swiss albino mice prior to antimalarial activity test. All extracts revealed no obvious acute toxicities on mice up to the highest (5000mg/kg) dose given. The crude extract was estimated to have oral median lethal dose higher than 5,000 mg/kg. With the 4-day suppressive test, both plant extracts demonstrated dose-dependent significant reduction in parasitemia level at all test doses compared to the negative control: in the extract of B. rotundifolia 500 mg/kg extract (60.59±3.25%), 350 mg/kg extract (48.1±1.4), and 200 mg/kg extract (41.33±1.1%) were found. And in case of S. Persica 500 mg/kg extract (50.6±4.01%), 350 mg/kg extract (35.85±0.89), and 200 mg/kg extract (27.69±1.14%) were found. The results of this study provide support for the traditional therapeutic value and the reported antimalarial activity.

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