scholarly journals Digitalization in public administration institutions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Modrite Pelse ◽  
◽  
Sandris Ancans ◽  
Lasma Strazdina ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Administration ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
The State ◽  
Mobile Internet ◽  
The Public ◽  
Employment Agency ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
State Revenue ◽  
State Employment ◽  
And Migration

There is no doubt that digitalization processes make positive effects on the development of a company as emphasized and evidenced by many research papers and studies. However, there are a few empirical research studies on digitalization in the public sector, particularly in public administration institutions. Therefore, the present research aims to identify and compare the level of digitalization in four national public administration institutions: the State Revenue Service, the Office of Citizenship and Migration Affairs, the State Social Insurance Agency and the State Employment Agency. In Latvia, very good technical solutions and a broadband mobile Internet network are available, the number of Internet users increases all over the world every year, but are they widely used by public administration institutions to provide consumers with appropriate digital services? The State Revenue Service has reached the highest level of maturity in digitalization, and the institution has also allocated the most funds from its budget to information technologies and the maintenance of their systems. The level of digitalization is low in the State Employment Agency and the Office of Citizenship and Migration Affairs. The public requires public administration services to be available digitally on a 24-hour/7day basis.

About some of the factors for public administration effectiveness

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-32
Author(s):  
ALIKHAN М. BAIMENOV ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Public Administration ◽  
Corporate Culture ◽  
Work Experience ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
The State ◽  
Information Flows ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
State Apparatus

The article emphasizes that modern governments, working in unique socio-economic, historical and cultural conditions, must take into account global trends, as well as the growth of citizens’ expectations associated with the rapid development of information technologies and other factors. In such circumstances, special attention is paid to the effectiveness of public administration. The article discusses some of the significant factors impacting the effectiveness of public administration, such as the professionalization of the state apparatus, the legibility of the institutional framework, the optimization of information flows and corporate culture. In accordance with this, on the basis of work experience in the public administration system and analysis of civil service reforms in the countries of the region, the main challenges and possible solutions are shown. In the professionalization of the state apparatus, the importance of the merit principles in the selection and promotion stages of personnel through the empowerment of human resource (HR) management services, the integrity of tools and approaches at all stages of selection process, and the responsibility of the selection board are noted. The author focuses on the need to ensure a balance of powers, responsibility and resources, delimitation of powers between political and administrative civil servants, optimization of information flows. Particular importance is paid to corporate culture, which is one of the main factors affecting the efficiency of the state apparatus. It is noted that central values of corporate culture and leadership in state bodies of the countries of our region, along with generally accepted in the modern leadership theory, should be respect for the dignity, work and time of employees.

Influence of digitalization on the public policy forming in Ukraine

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Kalashnyk
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Public Administration ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
The State ◽  
Digital Society ◽  
Administrative Services ◽  
The Public ◽  
Digital Space ◽  
Technical Literacy ◽  
Ukrainian Society

Problem setting. The COVID-19 pandemic, global quarantine, quarantine restrictions created the conditions for society to react quickly. Digital technologies are now being used more intensively, and the public administration sector is no exception. At the same time, the country's development requires systematic strategic and tactical decisions that will accelerate the introduction of modern digital technologies in all spheres of Ukrainian society, also forming and implementation of public policy at various levels of government. The analysis of recent researches and publications. Problems of digital society are studied by such Ukrainian scientists as O. Klepanchuk, O. Petryk, S. Lisovsky, S. Romanyuk, L. Rudenko (the emphasis – achieving by Ukraine the goals of sustainable development, where the development of the digital society is considered as one of the tools); issues of implementation of e-government and e-democracy are studied by A. Emelyanova, S. Loboyko, O. Maevska, A. Semenchenko, V. Dreshpak; research on the implementation of public policy in a particular area, including in the field of justice and the provision of administrative services, are among the research interests of Y. Starylov, J. Sobko, I. Markvych and others. Among foreign researchers, these issues are being investigated by C. Emmanuelli, N. Jain, N. Maechler, D. Malfara etc. Highlighting previously unsettled parts of the general problem: the main contradictions, trends, problems and prospects for the provision of digital public services, based on the conditions created by the COVID-19 pandemic, namely – the application of quarantine restrictions; influence of digitalization on the public policy forming in Ukraine. Paper main body. The article analyzes the problems inherent in modern Ukrainian society in connection with the rapid digitalization processes, that have taken place over the past year. The influence of digitalization on the forming and implementation of public policy is considered on the example of the activity of the Ministry of justice of Ukraine. Based on the results of a survey of civil servants and local government officials conducted by the author, the main trends, problems and prospects for providing public services online are identified. 2020 turned out to be the crisis year for all mankind on the one hand, and on the other hand – it encouraged the rapid development of certain industries, including the field of digital transformation. In public administration, this has been embodied in promoting the use of digital services and governance platforms. In the direction of forming and implementation of justice state policy main efforts are aimed at building online interaction between citizens and the state, reducing the number of paper documents, more efficient administration of open state registers, ensuring control at each step of citizens' appeals, reducing corruption risks. minimization of the human factor in the processes of providing administrative services. The author conducted the survey among students of the Lviv Regional Institute for Public Administration of the National Academy for Public Administration under the President of Ukraine on the provision of administrative services online. 66 applicants from eight regions of Ukraine were involved in the survey. The question was asked: what hinders the development of administrative services online? Among the answers, the most common are (in order from most popular to least): low technical literacy of service consumers; technical unpreparedness of networks;  unpreparedness of the citizens; unpreparedness of officials; insecurity of the information processed; lack of habit to use online;   distrust to the state. Conclusions of the research and prospects for further studies. Contradictions of the digital society development in Ukraine include: the digital divide (the gap in the level of digital equipment); technological unemployment; digital dependence and digital control; digital opportunities for crime; unlimited digital space and its content; the need for large-scale efforts and resources to address the digital space, and needs will only increase; unavailability of information created by bodies-not information managers; form of obtaining information, information is created or obtained in a form unsuitable for machine processing; method of information processing – non-interoperability of data sets from different managers. Among the factors that will determine digitalization processes on the public policy forming in Ukraine, we consider: increasing the technical literacy of service consumers; improving the technical readiness of networks; work with the population to promote the tools of consumption of administrative services online; training of officials to work in the digital space; taking measures to protect information held by the authorities; forming the habit of using online in the field of forming and implementation the public policy; increasing the level of trust to the state.

scholarly journals Minister-Permanent Secretary Relationships: Lessons from Zimbabwe’s Government of national Unity

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 23
Author(s):  
Tawanda Zinyama ◽  
Joseph Tinarwo
Keyword(s):  
Public Administration ◽  
Public Service ◽  
Political Process ◽  
Large Degree ◽  
The State ◽  
Team Work ◽  
The Political ◽  
National Unity ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Government

Public administration is carried out through the public service. Public administration is an instrument of the State which is expected to implement the policy decisions made from the political and legislative processes. The rationale of this article is to assess the working relationships between ministers and permanent secretaries in the Government of National Unity in Zimbabwe. The success of the Minister depends to a large degree on the ability and goodwill of a permanent secretary who often has a very different personal or professional background and whom the minster did not appoint. Here lies the vitality of the permanent secretary institution. If a Minister decides to ignore the advice of the permanent secretary, he/she may risk of making serious errors. The permanent secretary is the key link between the democratic process and the public service. This article observed that the mere fact that the permanent secretary carries out the political, economic and social interests and functions of the state from which he/she derives his/her authority and power; and to which he/she is accountable,  no permanent secretary is apolitical and neutral to the ideological predisposition of the elected Ministers. The interaction between the two is a political process. Contemporary administrator requires complex team-work and the synthesis of diverse contributions and view-points.

scholarly journals O princípio da proteção da confiança como obstáculo à anulação de atos administrativos - The principle of the protection of confidence as an obstacle to the annulment of administrative acts

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marina Rúbia Mendonça Lôbo De Carvalho ◽  
Andressa Guimarães Freire
Keyword(s):  
Public Administration ◽  
The State ◽  
Temporal Modulation ◽  
Self Assessment ◽  
Public Power ◽  
The Public ◽  
Legitimate Expectation ◽  
De Se ◽  
And Behaviors ◽  
The Individual

<p>Os atos, condutas e comportamentos do Poder Público gozam de presunção de legitimidade, gerando, em diversas situações, expectativas nos indivíduos. Pode o Estado, no uso de suas prorrogativas, violar aquelas expectativas, causando efeitos negativos à ordem econômica, por despertarem desconfiança e instabilidade nas relações com o Poder Público. Delimitada a ênfase do presente trabalho à função administrativa do Estado, visou-se compreender o princípio da proteção da confiança como instrumento de tutela da expectativa legítima do indivíduo, por impor limites à Administração Pública na anulação de atos administrativos. Nessa situação, viu-se que referido princípio pode conflitar com a legalidade e a autotutela, sendo o caso de se buscar um juízo de ponderação, que resultará na manutenção do ato ou na sua anulação, esta podendo ser com efeitos <em>ex tunc</em>, com efeitos <em>ex nunc</em> ou com a modulação temporal dos efeitos para um determinado momento futuro.</p><p> </p><p>The acts, practices and behaviors of the Public Power in the exercise of legitimation, can generate, in several situations, expectations in individuals. The Estate, in use of its prerogatives, can breach expectations, generating a negative economic response, lack of confidence and instability in its relations. Thus, the principle of protection defends the preservations of these state acts, which effects extend in time, giving the individual an expectation of continuity, even if they are illegal or unconstitutional. Delimiting the emphasis of the present work on the administrative function of the State, it was intended to understand the principle of the protection of trust as an instrument to protect the legitimate expectation of the individual, for imposing limits to the Public Administration in the annulment of administrative acts. In this situation, it was seen that this principle may conflict with legality and self-assessment, being the case of seeking a weighing judgment, which will result in the maintenance of the act or its annulment, this being possible with the temporal modulation of the effects for a certain future moment.</p><p> </p><p> </p>

scholarly journals ABU YUSUF DAN PAJAK (KONSEP DALAM KITAB AL-KHARAJ DAN RELEVANSINYA DA-LAM EKONOMI SAAT INI)

Fenomena ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-60
Author(s):  
Arif Zunaidi
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Economic Conditions ◽  
Tax Revenue ◽  
The Public ◽  
State Revenue ◽  
Tax Management

Sebagai tokoh yang memiliki nama besar, Abu Yusuf memiliki karya fenomenal dalam bidang pajak, yaitu kitab Al-Kharaj. Kitab yang ditulis atas permintaan Khalifah Harun Ar-Rasyid ini digunakan sebagai pedoman dalam pengelolaan pajak. Sebagai salah satu sektor penting dalam penerimaan negara, pajak seharusnya tidak mendzolimi masyarakat dari besaran presentasenya. Tujuan dari penulisan ini adalah untuk mengetahui sejarah penulisan kitab Al-Kharaj  dan isi kitabnya. Selain itu, tulisan ini juga untuk mengetahui konsep pajak yang ditulis Abu Yusuf dan utilitasnya dengan ekonomi saat ini.  Metode yang digunakan dalam penulisan ini adalah metodologi pemikiran tokoh yang dilacak dari sikap, tulisan atau pun tanggapan pada suatu kasus fenomena yang terjadi pada masa itu. Untuk mengetahui latar belakang pemikiran Abu Yusuf tidak bisa mengesampingkan beberapa faktor yang ada, baik faktor internal maupun faktor eksternal yang menjadi pemicunya. Hasil penelitian menemukan bahwa pemikiran Abu Yusuf tentang pajak menjadi salah satu konsep yang dilaksanakan hingga saat ini. Konsepnya dipakai dan diaplikasikan dalam menentukan presentase penerimaan pajak oleh negara. Konsep Al-Kharaj digunakan dalam sektor penerimaan Pajak Bumi dan Bangunan (PBB), bea cukai. Kata kunci: Abu Yusuf, Kitab Al-Kharaj, Pajak, Pendapatan Negara   As a well-known figure, Abu Yusuf has written a phenomenal work in taxation studies, namely al-Kharaj. This book which written at the request of the Caliph Harun ar-Rashid is used as a guide in tax management efforts. As one of the important sectors in state revenue, taxes should not deceive the public from their percentage. The article aims to find out the context of Al-Kharaj and its contents. Therefore, this study seeks to reveal the thoughts of Abu Yusuf and his background which were traced through his attitudes, writings, and responses to a case that occurred at that time. In addition, the paper is also to find out the tax concept initiated by Abu Yusuf and its practice in economic conditions' today. The results of this study found that Abu Yusuf's thought about taxes is one of the concepts that is still used today. This concept is applied in determining the percentage of tax revenue by the state. The Al-Kharaj concept is also used in the land and building tax (PBB) and customs revenue sectors.

scholarly journals Features of Qualification and Prevention of Smuggling of Narcotic Drugs, Psychotropic Substances: their Precursors or Analogues

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (Especial II) ◽  
Author(s):  
Khayrullina Rezeda Gazinurovna ◽  
Kravchenko Olga Dmitrievna ◽  
Tobolskaya Victoria Valerievna ◽  
Nedorezova Olga Yuryevna
Keyword(s):  
Information Technologies ◽  
Illicit Drug ◽  
The State ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Psychotropic Substances ◽  
State Revenue ◽  
Analytical Research ◽  
Illicit Trafficking ◽  
Illicit Drug Trafficking ◽  
Narcotic Drugs

The article is dedicated to the consideration of factors influencing the state of the situation in Russia in the field of detection and repression of the smuggling of narcotic drugs, psychotropic substances, their precursors, and analogues. In the methodological field it is an analytical research based on documentary, close to legal hermeneutics. Specifically, thearticle analyses Russian legislation, offers options to solve problems in the field of smuggling narcotic drugs, psychotropic substances, their precursors, and analogues. The authors consider the real problems of countering the drug threat, which is currently a serious obstacle to the development of the state. By way of concluding the nature and magnitude of the negative consequences, illicit trafficking in narcotic drugs, psychotropic substances, their precursors, and analogues can be classified as direct threats to national security. Today, the issues of countering the illegal circulation of narcotic drugs, using modern information technologies, improving mechanisms to convert goods obtained from illicit drug trafficking into state revenue are relevant.

scholarly journals Criterios definidores y conceptuales del enfoque basado en derechos humanos: de la teoría a la práctica

2017 ◽  
pp. 43-86
Author(s):  
Alfonso CHACÓN MATA
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
United Nations ◽  
Public Administration ◽  
Public Policies ◽  
The State ◽  
The Public ◽  
First Order ◽  
Derechos Humanos ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Human Rights Based Approach

LABURPENA: «Giza Eskubideetan Oinarritutako Ikuspegiaren» irismena azaltzeko asmoa dauka artikulu honek, zer-nolako aldagaiak eta kontzeptuak biltzen dituen ulertze aldera. Horren bilakaeraz eta indarraldiaz arituko gara, bai eta horren modalitate aplikatua nola nabarmentzen den azalduko ere. Horretarako, Nazio Batuen Erakundearen esparruan garatu diren ekarpenak eta gaiaren inguruko doktrina aditua erabiliko ditugu. Administrazio Publikoan duen indarra ezin ukatuzkoa da; izan ere, estatuak eta horri atxikitako erakundeek oso kontuan eduki behar dute politika publikoak norbanakoen eta komunitateen beharrei arreta ematen ari zaien jakiteko balio duela ikuspegi horrek, edota politika publiko horiek kontu emanez gardentasun publikoa eratzen ari diren nahiz edozelako diskriminazioa saihesten ari diren jakiteko balio duela. Azkenik, ikuspegi horrek Giza Eskubideen Gorte Interamerikarraren jurisprudentzia-aurrekari batzuetan duen indarraldia eta eragina aztertuko dira. RESUMEN: El presente artículo tiene la intención de exponer los alcances del «Enfoque Basado en Derechos Humanos», con la finalidad de entender que variables y conceptos involucra. Haremos un recuento de su evolución, vigencia y cómo se evidencia su modalidad aplicada, a través de diferentes aportes desarrollados en el marco de la Organización de Naciones Unidas, así como de la doctrina estudiosa del tema. Su vigencia en la Administración Pública es de primer orden, puesto que el Estado y sus entidades adscritas, deben tener muy en cuenta que el enfoque citado, sirve para conocer si las políticas públicas, están atendiendo necesidades de individuos y comunidades concretas; generando transparencia pública a través de rendición de cuentas, así como evitando cualquier tipo de discriminación. Finalmente, se analizará su vigencia e impacto en algunos antecedentes jurisprudenciales de la Corte Interamericana de Derechos Humanos. ABSTRACT: This article intends to expose the scope of the «Human Rights Based Approach», in order to understand what variables and concepts it involves. We will recount its evolution, validity and how its applied modality is evidenced, through different contributions developed within the framework of the United Nations, as well as the doctrine studious of the subject. Its validity in the Public Administration is of the first order, since the State and its affiliated entities must take into account that the aforementioned approach serves to know if public policies are addressing the needs of specific individuals and communities; Generating public transparency through accountability, as well as avoiding any type of discrimination. Finally, its validity and impact will be analyzed in some jurisprudential antecedents of the Inter-American Court of Human Rights.

scholarly journals ANALISANDO O COMPORTAMENTO DOS GASTOS PUBLICOS NOS MUNICÍPIOS CEARENSES

2014 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 85 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Geraldo Araújo Correia ◽  
Guilherme Irffi Diniz ◽  
Rodolfo Ferreira Ribeiro da Costa
Keyword(s):  
Panel Data ◽  
Public Administration ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Income Elasticity ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
Public Spending ◽  
The State ◽  
The Public

O objetivo deste trabalho é testar a hipótese de flypaper na administração pública municipal do estado do Ceará.Para tal, foi construído um painel de dados com informações sobre os gastos, a arrecadação, a população e as transferências constitucionais para os 184 municípios cearenses entre 1999 e 2009. Tais informações foram extraídas juntoà Secretaria do Tesouro Nacional e ao Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística. A metodologia utilizada remete-se aomodelo de dados em painel com efeito aleatório. Os resultados destacam que a elasticidade gasto-renda supera aelasticidade gasto-transferência e, portanto, as administrações municipais estão isentas da prática descrita pelo efeitoflypaper.Palavras-chave: Flypaper; gasto; transferência; dados em painelANALYZING THE BEHAVIOR OF THE PUBLIC SPENDING IN CEARÁ’S CITIESAbstract: The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis flypaper in municipal public administration in the state of Ceará.To this end, was built a panel with information on expenditures, revenues, population and constitutional transfers to the 184municipalities of Ceará between 1999 and 2009. Such information was extracted together with the National Treasury and theBrazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics. The methodology used is referred to the panel data with random effect model.The results highlight that the elasticity spending exceeds income-elasticity worn-transfer and, therefore, local governments are exempt from the practice described by flypaper effect.Keywords: Flypaper, expenditure, transfer, panel data.

scholarly journals Role of Public Entities in Suitable Provision of Public Services: Case Study from Slovakia

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 143
Author(s):  
Viera Papcunová ◽  
Roman Vavrek ◽  
Marek Dvořák
Keyword(s):  
Public Administration ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Public Services ◽  
Slovak Republic ◽  
The State ◽  
Main Role ◽  
The Public ◽  
State Administration

Local governments in the Slovak Republic are important in public administration and form an important part of the public sector, as they provide various public services. Until 1990, all public services were provided only by the state. The reform of public administration began in 1990 with the decentralization of competencies. Several competencies were transferred to local governments from the state, and thus municipalities began to provide public services that the state previously provided. Registry offices were the first to be acquired by local governments from the state. This study aimed to characterize the transfer of competencies and their financing from state administration to local government using the example of registry offices in the Slovak Republic. In the paper, we evaluated the financing of this competency from 2007 to 2018 at the level of individual regions of the Slovak Republic. The results of the analysis and testing of hypotheses indicated that a higher number of inhabitants in individual regions did not affect the number of actions at these offices, despite the fact that the main role of the registry office is to keep registry books, in which events, such as births, weddings, and deaths, are registered.

Ustalenie właściwości organu administracji publicznej w zakresie prowadzenia egzekucji obowiązkowych szczepień ochronnych i występowania z wnioskiem o ukaranie za uchylanie się od tego obowiązku

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (70) ◽  
pp. 33-49
Author(s):  
Sebastian Czechowicz
Keyword(s):  
Supreme Court ◽  
Public Administration ◽  
The State ◽  
The Public ◽  
Judicial Decisions ◽  
The Supreme Court ◽  
Preventive Vaccination ◽  
Administrative Courts ◽  
Legislative Changes

The article is devoted to determine the authority competent to carry out the execution of the obligation to vaccinate, as well as the authority competent to apply for punishment of those who persistently evade preventive vaccinations on the basis of the Code of Misdemeanours in Poland. After analysing the competencies of the public administration bodies and comparing them with the judicial decisions of the administrative courts and the Supreme Court issued in cases involving mandatory preventive vaccination, which present an inconsistent line of jurisprudence, the author concludes that the enforcement body is the province governor. However, it is necessary to postulate legislative changes, primarily in the area of the possible transfer of competencies from the province governor to the State Sanitary Inspection.

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